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Chen Q, Wang L, Wei Y, Xu X, Guo X, Liang Q. Ferroptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Reducing Inflammation and Corneal Scarring in Bacterial Keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:29. [PMID: 38381413 PMCID: PMC10893897 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a serious ocular infection that can cause severe inflammation and corneal scarring, leading to vision loss. In this study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of BK. Methods Transcriptome analysis was performed to evaluate ferroptosis-related gene expression in human BK corneas. Subsequently, the ferroptosis in mouse models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis and corneal stromal stem cells (CSSCs) were validated. The mice were treated with levofloxacin (LEV) or levofloxacin combined with ferrostatin-1 (LEV+Fer-1). CSSCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS combined Fer-1. Inflammatory cytokines, α-SMA, and ferroptosis-related regulators were evaluated by RT-qPCR, immunostaining, and Western blot. Iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Results Transcriptome analysis revealed significant alterations in ferroptosis-related genes in human BK corneas. In the BK mouse models, the group treated with LEV+Fer-1 exhibited reduced inflammatory cytokines (MPO, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), decreased corneal scarring and α-SMA expression, and lower Fe3+ compared to the BK and LEV groups. Notably, the LEV+Fer-1 group showed elevated GPX4 and SLC7A11 in contrast to the BK and LEV group. In vitro, Fer-1 treatment effectively restored the alterations of ROS, Fe2+, GPX4, and SLC7A11 induced by LPS in CSSCs. Conclusions Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of BK. The inhibition of ferroptosis holds promise for mitigating inflammation, reducing corneal scarring, and ultimately enhancing the prognosis of BK. Consequently, this study provides a potential target for innovative therapeutic strategies for BK, which holds immense potential to transform the treatment of BK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Chen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leying Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhan Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfeng Liang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kanninen T, Tao L, Romero R, Xu Y, Arenas-Hernandez M, Galaz J, Liu Z, Miller D, Levenson D, Greenberg JM, Panzer J, Padron J, Theis KR, Gomez-Lopez N. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin participates in the host response to intra-amniotic inflammation leading to preterm labor and birth. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:450-463. [PMID: 37422429 PMCID: PMC10530449 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the intra-amniotic host response of women with spontaneous preterm labor (sPTL) and birth. Amniotic fluid and chorioamniotic membranes (CAM) were collected from women with sPTL who delivered at term (n = 30) or preterm without intra-amniotic inflammation (n = 34), with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (SIAI, n = 27), or with intra-amniotic infection (IAI, n = 17). Amnion epithelial cells (AEC), Ureaplasma parvum, and Sneathia spp. were also utilized. The expression of TSLP, TSLPR, and IL-7Rα was evaluated in amniotic fluid or CAM by RT-qPCR and/or immunoassays. AEC co-cultured with Ureaplasma parvum or Sneathia spp. were evaluated for TSLP expression by immunofluorescence and/or RT-qPCR. Our data show that TSLP was elevated in amniotic fluid of women with SIAI or IAI and expressed by the CAM. TSLPR and IL-7Rα had detectable gene and protein expression in the CAM; yet, CRLF2 was specifically elevated with IAI. While TSLP localized to all layers of the CAM and increased with SIAI or IAI, TSLPR and IL-7Rα were minimal and became most apparent with IAI. Co-culture experiments indicated that Ureaplasma parvum and Sneathia spp. differentially upregulated TSLP expression in AEC. Together, these findings indicate that TSLP is a central component of the intra-amniotic host response during sPTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Kanninen
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Li Tao
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Marcia Arenas-Hernandez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jose Galaz
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Derek Miller
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Dustyn Levenson
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jonathan M Greenberg
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jonathan Panzer
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Justin Padron
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kevin R Theis
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Gao N, Me R, Yu FSX. Diabetes Exacerbates Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis in Streptozotocin-Induced and db/db Mice via Altering Programmed Cell Death Pathways. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:14. [PMID: 37279395 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.7.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with diabetes have a higher incidence of infections, which are often more severe. This study aimed to investigate the impact of hyperglycemia on bacterial keratitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) in two mouse models of diabetes, streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and db/db type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The susceptibility of corneas to Pa was assessed by determining the inocula required to cause infectious keratitis. Dead or dying cells were identified using TUNEL staining or immunohistochemistry. Specific inhibitors were used to evaluate the role of cell death modulators in Pa keratitis. Cytokines and Treml4 expressions were analyzed using quantitative PCR, and the role of Treml4 in keratitis was determined using small interfering RNA technology. Results DM corneas required significantly fewer inocula to develop Pa keratitis, with T1DM corneas requiring 750 inocula and type 2 diabetes mellitus corneas requiring 2000 inocula, compared with 10,000 inocula required for normal (NL) mice. T1DM corneas had more TUNEL-positive and fewer F4/80-positive cells than NL corneas. Phospho-caspase 8 (apoptosis) and -RIPK3 (necroptosis) staining was more intense in the epithelial and stromal layers of NL and T1DM corneas, respectively. Pa keratitis was augmented by targeting caspase-8 and prevented by RIPK3 inhibition in both NL and T1DM mice. Hyperglycemia suppressed IL-17A/F and augmented IL-17C, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, and TREML4, the downregulation of which protected T1DM corneas from Pa infection by suppressing necroptosis. RIPK3 inhibition blocked Pa infection in db/+ mice and significantly decreased the severity of keratitis in db/db mice. Conclusions Hyperglycemia exacerbates bacterial keratitis in B6 mice by skewing apoptosis toward necroptosis. Preventing or reversing this transition may serve as an adjunct therapy for treating microbial keratitis in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Rao Me
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fu-Shin X Yu
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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Hazlett LD, Xu S, Somayajulu M, McClellan SA. Host-microbe interactions in cornea. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:413-423. [PMID: 34619389 PMCID: PMC8977393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Corneal infections result through interaction between microbes and host innate immune receptors. Damage to the cornea occurs as a result of microbial virulence factors and is often exacerbated by lack of a controlled host immune response; the latter contributing to bystander damage to corneal structure. Understanding mechanisms involved in host microbial interactions is critical to development of novel therapeutic targets, ultimate control of microbial pathogenesis, and restoration of tissue homeostasis. Studies on these interactions continue to provide exciting findings directly related to this ultimate goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Shunbin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Mallika Somayajulu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Sharon A McClellan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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5
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O'Byrne PM, Panettieri RA, Taube C, Brindicci C, Fleming M, Altman P. Development of an inhaled anti-TSLP therapy for asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023; 78:102184. [PMID: 36535465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2022.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine, acts as a key mediator in airway inflammation and modulates the function of multiple cell types, including dendritic cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells. TSLP plays a role in asthma pathogenesis as an upstream cytokine, and data suggest that TSLP blockade with the anti-TSLP monoclonal antibody, tezepelumab, could be efficacious in a broad asthma population. Currently approved asthma biologic therapies target allergic or eosinophilic disease and require phenotyping; therefore, an unmet need exists for a therapy that can address Type 2 (T2)-high and T2-low inflammation in asthma. All currently approved biologic treatments are delivered intravenously or subcutaneously; an inhaled therapy route that allows direct targeting of the lung with reduced systemic impact may offer advantages. Currently in development, ecleralimab (CSJ117) represents the first inhaled anti-TSLP antibody fragment that binds soluble TSLP and prevents TSLP receptor activation, thereby inhibiting further inflammatory signalling cascades. This anti-TSLP antibody fragment is being developed for patients with severe uncontrolled asthma despite standard of care inhaled therapy. A Phase IIa proof of concept study, using allergen bronchoprovocation as a model for asthma exacerbations, found that ecleralimab was well-tolerated and reduced allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in adult patients with mild asthma. These results suggest ecleralimab may be a promising, new therapeutic class for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M O'Byrne
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Christian Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Pablo Altman
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, New Jersey, USA.
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6
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Konda N, Chakrabarti S, Garg P, Willcox MDP. Association of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Interleukin Genes with Microbial Keratitis in a South Indian Population. Pathogens 2022; 11:1387. [PMID: 36422638 PMCID: PMC9692714 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin (IL) genes and keratitis and its clinical manifestations. METHODS SNPs in IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, IL10, and IL12B were analysed. Differences in frequencies of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes between cases and controls as well as associations between SNPs and clinical variables were calculated by χ2 tests with odds ratios. RESULTS The minor homologous genotype in IL1B rs16944 (p = 0.036; odds ratio (OR) = 2.063, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.048-4.061) and CXCL8 rs4073 (p = 0.041; OR = 0.463, 95% CI: 0.224-0.956) and the heterologous genotypes in IL6 rs1800795 (p = 0.046; OR = 0.563, 95% CI: 0.326-0.972) and IL12B rs2569254 (p = 0.0446; OR = 0.557, 95% CI: 0.314-0.989) or rs730691 (p = 0.0051; OR = 0.451, 95% CI: 0.260-0.784) were associated with keratitis. The minor genotype of rs16944 was associated with severe infection (p = 0.046). The heterologous genotype in rs2569254 was associated with hospital admission, photophobia, and mode of contact lens wear (p ≤ 0.041). The heterologous genotype in rs730691 was associated with blurred vision, discharge, anterior chamber reaction, and mode of wear (p ≤ 0.047). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that SNPs in IL1B and CXCL8 are associated with risk of developing keratitis. The study also found relationships between SNPs and clinical measures of keratitis. The potential for ethnic differences in frequency of SNPs and their association with keratitis should be followed up using different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Konda
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Subhabrata Chakrabarti
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, Telangana, India
| | - Prashant Garg
- The Cornea Institute, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034, India
| | - Mark D. P. Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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Yu FSX, Lee PSY, Yang L, Gao N, Zhang Y, Ljubimov AV, Yang E, Zhou Q, Xie L. The impact of sensory neuropathy and inflammation on epithelial wound healing in diabetic corneas. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 89:101039. [PMID: 34991965 PMCID: PMC9250553 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes, with several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, some of which are still uncertain. The cornea is an avascular tissue and sensitive to hyperglycemia, resulting in several diabetic corneal complications including delayed epithelial wound healing, recurrent erosions, neuropathy, loss of sensitivity, and tear film changes. The manifestation of DPN in the cornea is referred to as diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy (DNK). Recent studies have revealed that disturbed epithelial-neural-immune cell interactions are a major cause of DNK. The epithelium is supplied by a dense network of sensory nerve endings and dendritic cell processes, and it secretes growth/neurotrophic factors and cytokines to nourish these neighboring cells. In turn, sensory nerve endings release neuropeptides to suppress inflammation and promote epithelial wound healing, while resident immune cells provide neurotrophic and growth factors to support neuronal and epithelial cells, respectively. Diabetes greatly perturbs these interdependencies, resulting in suppressed epithelial proliferation, sensory neuropathy, and a decreased density of dendritic cells. Clinically, this results in a markedly delayed wound healing and impaired sensory nerve regeneration in response to insult and injury. Current treatments for DPN and DNK largely focus on managing the severe complications of the disease. Cell-based therapies hold promise for providing more effective treatment for diabetic keratopathy and corneal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shin X Yu
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Patrick S Y Lee
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Lingling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Yang
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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8
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Hasegawa T, Oka T, Demehri S. Alarmin Cytokines as Central Regulators of Cutaneous Immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:876515. [PMID: 35432341 PMCID: PMC9005840 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.876515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin acts as the primary interface between the body and the environment. The skin immune system is composed of a complex network of immune cells and factors that provide the first line of defense against microbial pathogens and environmental insults. Alarmin cytokines mediate an intricate intercellular communication between keratinocytes and immune cells to regulate cutaneous immune responses. Proper functions of the type 2 alarmin cytokines, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25, and IL-33, are paramount to the maintenance of skin homeostasis, and their dysregulation is commonly associated with allergic inflammation. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the complex regulatory network of type 2 alarmin cytokines that control skin immunity and highlight the mechanisms by which these cytokines regulate skin immune responses in host defense, chronic inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomonori Oka
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shadmehr Demehri
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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9
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Ji Q, Liu J, Dong Y, Wang L, Dong K, Setiz B, Szentmáry N, Qu B, Shi L. Exosomes derived from thymic stromal lymphopoietin-treated dendritic cells regulate T helper 17/regulatory T cell differentiation via miR-21/Smad7 axis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 398:112393. [PMID: 33253708 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with fungal keratitis. This work aims to investigate whether TSLP can regulate T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation. We separated dendritic cells (DCs) from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. DCs were treated with TSLP to activate DCs, and exosomes were obtained. CD+ T cells were incubated with exosomes from TSLP-treated DCs. We found that exosomes from TSLP-treated DCs notably promoted the proportions of Th17 cells and inhibited the proportions of Tregs in the CD4+ T cells. Moreover, exosomes from TSLP-treated DCs enhanced the expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) and interleukin 17 (IL-17), and repressed the expression of forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, miR-21 was highly expressed in exosomes from TSLP-treated DCs. Exosomes from TSLP-treated miR-21-silenced DCs promoted Treg differentiation and suppressed Th17 differentiation. Smad7 up-regulation repressed Th17 differentiation and enhanced Treg differentiation, which was abolished by miR-21 overexpression. Smad7 overexpression rescued the effect of exosomes from TSLP-treated DCs on Th17/Treg differentiation. In conclusion, our article confirms that TSLP induces DCs to deliver miR-21 by secreting exosomes, and thus miR-21 regulates Th17/Treg differentiation by inhibiting Smad7. Thus, this work further reveals the biological role of miR-21 in fungal keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Ji
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Dong
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Berthold Setiz
- Department of ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Strasse 100 Geb. 22, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Kirrberger Strasse 100 Geb. 22, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Bin Qu
- Biophysics Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, Kirrberger Strasse 100 Geb. 48, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of life sciences and medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China; Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Kirrberger Strasse 100 Geb. 22, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
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Aspergillus fumigatus-Stimulated Human Corneal Epithelial Cells Induce Pyroptosis of THP-1 Macrophages by Secreting TSLP. Inflammation 2020; 44:682-692. [PMID: 33118609 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal keratitis (FK) is a keratopathy caused by pathogenic fungal infection. The aim of this work is to explore the role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in FK. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were treated with Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae, and we found that TSLP was highly expressed and secreted in the hyphae-treated HCECs. Hyphae-treated HCECs or TSLP treatment enhanced the expression of caspase-1 P20, GSDMD-N (p30), IL-1β, and IL-18 in the human THP-1 macrophages. The influence conferred by hyphae-treated HCECs or TSLP treatment was rescued by TSLP neutralizing antibody or VX-765 (caspase-1 inhibitor) treatment. Moreover, TSLP treatment promoted the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 P20, GSDMD-N (p30), IL-1β, and IL-18 in the THP-1 macrophages, which was abolished by NLRP3 knockdown. Furthermore, TSLPR silencing suppressed the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 P20, GSDMD-N (p30), IL-1β, and IL-18 in the TSLP-treated THP-1 macrophages. In conclusion, our article confirms that Aspergillus fumigatus-stimulated HCECs induce pyroptosis of THP-1 macrophages by secreting TSLP. TSLP/TSLPR induces caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis through activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, our work suggests that TSLP may be a potential target for FK treatment.
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Huang SN, Li GS, Zhou XG, Chen XY, Yao YX, Zhang XG, Liang Y, Li MX, Chen G, Huang ZG, Dang YW, Li J, Li P, Tang XZ, Rong MH. Identification of an Immune Score-Based Gene Panel with Prognostic Power for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922854. [PMID: 32529991 PMCID: PMC7305786 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide, with low 5-year survival rate. To identify novel prognostic markers for OSCC and determine the immune and stromal landscape of OSCC, a risk signature for OSCC patients was constructed in this study. Material/Methods Immune and stromal scores for OSCC samples from the Genomic Data Commons Data Portal were computed to delineate the tumor microenvironment landscape of oral cancer based on the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumours using Expression data algorithm. An immune score-based risk signature was constructed by combining random forest and support vector machine methods. Correlation analysis of risk signature gene expression and immune cell infiltration was conducted, and the distinguishing power of individual signature genes was evaluated by analyzing receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Differentially enriched pathways between high and low risk groups were investigated via gene set variation analysis. ROC curves were plotted for signature genes to examine their ability to distinguish the recurrence and survival status of OSCC patients from GSE84846. Results An immune score-related risk signature composed of ARMH1, F2RL2, AC004687.1, COL6A5, AC008750.1, RAB19, CRLF2, GRIP2, and FAM162B performed well in the prognostic stratification of OSCC patients and could effectively distinguish their survival status. Lists of pathways, including cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules displayed remarkable differential enrichment between high and low risk OSCC patients. Conclusions An immune score-based risk signature constructed presently may be useful to decide appropriate treatment options for individual OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ning Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xian-Guo Zhou
- Research Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Xuan Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Guohui Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ming-Xuan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Oral Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Zhun Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Tumor Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Min-Hua Rong
- Research Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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The role of ocular dendritic cells in uveitis. Immunol Lett 2019; 209:4-10. [PMID: 30926373 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) act as a bridge between innate and adoptive immunity. They are widely distributed in various tissues and organs. Resident ocular DCs are found in the peripheral margins and juxtapapillary areas of the retina, usually in an immature state. During inflammation, DCs are activated and participate in the development of uveitis, an ocular inflammatory disease. Herein, the characteristics and status of DCs in uveitis, the possible factors affecting the status of DCs, and the clinical methods for detecting the DCs in patients are described.
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