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Qiao X, Shah W, Gao X, Gong Y, Li Y, Gao Y, Li J. Understanding how the immune system environment is controlled in high myopia cases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 143:113138. [PMID: 39362012 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is characterized by a significant extension of the eye axis; it has emerged as a serious global public health issue recently. In addition to causing severe visual impairment, HM is associated with several problems that may compromise an individual's vision. Although genetic and environmental factors in HM have been extensively investigated, increasing evidence implicates the immune system and its microenvironment in its pathogenesis. In this review, we explore the complex interactions between cytokines, immune cells, and the eye environment to elucidate the complex processes controlling the immune response in HM. Furthermore, we investigated treatments modulating the immune response and alleviating the progression of HM and its complications. Through a review of the current relevant studies, we highlight the critical functions of the immune system in the multifactorial development of HM. With the evolving understanding of the immune system's involvement in HM, this review provides a valuable resource to clinicians and researchers to develop targeted interventions and personalized treatments for individuals with this vision-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiao
- Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China
| | - Wahid Shah
- Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gao
- Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China
| | - Yuxing Gong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Junhong Li
- Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China.
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Sun Y, Xie Y, Li J, Hou X, Sha Y, Bai S, Yu H, Liu Y, Wang G. Study on the relationship between adolescent myopia and gut microbiota via 16S rRNA sequencing. Exp Eye Res 2024; 247:110067. [PMID: 39233303 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Myopia has become a global public health problem, with a high incidence among adolescents. In recent years, the correlation between gut microbiota and various diseases has become a research hotspot. This paper analyzes the relationship between myopia and gut microbiota in adolescents based on 16S rRNA sequencing, opening up a new avenue for the prevention and control of myopia. 80 adolescents aged 6-15 years were included; fecal samples were collected to compare their diversity and species differences. There was no significant difference in α diversity when considering richness and evenness at the same time (P > 0.05). While the group difference in β diversity reached a significant level (R2 = 0.022, P < 0.05). The absolute quantification and relative abundance of phylum level Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota are different; among the top 30 genera, myopic group only one genus decreased in absolute quantification, while 13 genera decreased in relative quantification; so LEfSe analysis was performed, and the result showed that microbial community composition changed under Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score, the top ten changes are shown in the figure; the Wilcoxon Rank sum test also found some significant changes in the absolute abundance of differential microbiota among different groups, at the phylum level, one bacterial phylum decreased and three bacterial phyla increased; at the genus level, 2 bacteria genera decreased and 29 bacteria genera increased. Functional pathways prediction found many myopic-related pathways were functionally enhanced in myopic patients (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of myopic patients predicted was close to or equal to 1. In conclusion, adolescent myopia is closely related to the gut microbiota, and the characteristic gut microbiota can distinguish myopia from healthy controls to a large extent. Therefore, it can be considered to regulate these characteristic gut microbiota to prevent and control myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yongfang Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jiayin Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xinyu Hou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yaru Sha
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Shuchang Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Haiqun Yu
- Ophthalmologic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Ophthalmologic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Guohui Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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Wen Y, Ren C, Zhu L, Huang L, Qi H, Yu W, Wang K, Zhao M, Xu Q. Unmasking of molecular players: proteomic profiling of vitreous humor in pathologic myopia. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:352. [PMID: 39160465 PMCID: PMC11334356 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the vitreous humor (VH) of eyes with and without pathologic myopia (PM), providing insights into the molecular pathogenesis. METHODS A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted. VH samples were collected from patients undergoing vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM), macular hole (MH), or myopic retinoschisis (MRS). Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis identified differential protein expression, with validation using ELISA. RESULTS The proteomic profiling revealed significantly higher expressions of tubulin alpha 1a (TUBA1A) and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (EEF1A1) in PM groups (MH-PM, MRS-PM) compared to controls (MH, ERM). Conversely, xylosyltransferase 1 (XYLT1), versican core protein (VCAN), and testican-2 (SPOCK2) expressions were lower in PM. ELISA validation confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of PM. The differentially expressed proteins EEF1A1, TUBA1A, XYLT1, VCAN, and SPOCK2 may play crucial roles in chorioretinal cell apoptosis, scleral extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, and scleral remodeling in PM. These proteins represent potential new targets for therapeutic intervention in PM, highlighting the importance of further investigations to elucidate their functions and underlying mechanisms in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhen Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- College of Optometry, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 South Avenue of XiZhiMen, Xi Cheng District, 100044, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, An M. Analysis and validation of potential ICD-related biomarkers in development of myopia using machine learning. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:116. [PMID: 38411755 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-02986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify and verify potential biomarkers in the development of myopia associated with immunogenic cell death (ICD). METHODS We download high myopia (HM) dataset GSE136701 from Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes in HM were identified to overlapped with ICD-related genes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to select the Hub genes. Furthermore, the correlation between the hub genes and immune infiltration, immune response activities, and hub genes Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis was investigated using Spearman's rank correlation. Prediction of the miRNAs upstream of the Hub genes was based on the TargetScan database. We used guinea pig lens-induced myopia model's scleral tissues performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We identified overlapped with ICD-related genes (LY96, IL1A, IL33, and AGER) and two genes (LY96 and AGER) as hub genes. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis and Spearman's rank correlation revealed that hub gene expression levels in HM were significantly correlated with the infiltration percentages of CD56dim natural killer cells, macrophages, immature B cells, and the immune response activities of APC co-stimulation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, such as terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, aminoacyl-trna biosynthesis, Huntington's disease, oxidative phosphorylation; there were a few additional signaling pathways compared to normal samples. Additionally, several miRNA were predicted as upstream regulators of LY96 and AGER. LY96 was identified as a significantly differentially expressed biomarker in myopia guinea pig's scleral tissues, as verified by qPCR. CONCLUSION LY96 was identified and verified as a ICD-related potential myopia biomarker. Molecular mechanisms or pathways involved in myopia development by LY96 requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Number 183, Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Number 183, Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixia An
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Number 183, Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Yang ZH, Hao JW, Liu JP, Bao B, Li TL, Wu QX, He MG, Bi HS, Guo DD. Electroacupuncture alleviates ciliary muscle cell apoptosis in lens-induced myopic guinea pigs through inhibiting the mitochondrial signaling pathway. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1942-1951. [PMID: 38111935 PMCID: PMC10700068 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.12.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with negative lens-induced myopia (LIM). METHODS Guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, LIM group, LIM+SHAM acupoint (LIM+SHAM) group, and LIM+EA group. Animals in the NC group received no intervention, while those in other three groups were covered with -6.0 diopter (D) lenses on right eyes. Meanwhile, animals in the LIM+EA group received EA at Hegu (LI4) combined with Taiyang (EX-HN5) acupoints, while those in the LIM+SHAM group were treated at sham points. After treatments for 1, 2, and 4wk, morphological changes in ciliary muscles were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway-related molecules in ciliary muscles was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. Additionally, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents were also determined in ciliary muscles. RESULTS Axial length increased significantly in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups and decreased in the LIM+EA group. The ciliary muscle fibers were broken and destroyed in both LIM and LIM+SHAM groups, whereas those in the LIM+EA group improved significantly. TUNEL assay showed the number of apoptotic cells increased in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups, whereas reduced in the LIM+EA group. ATP contents showed a significant decrease in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups, whereas increased after EA treatment. Compared with the NC group, the dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), Caspase3, and apoptotic protease activator 1 (APAF1) levels were significantly increased in the LIM group and decreased in the LIM+EA group. CONCLUSION The results provide evidence of EA inhibiting the development of myopia by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hui Yang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia-Wen Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin-Peng Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bo Bao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tu-Ling Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiu-Xin Wu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Optometry and Adolescent Low Vision Prevention and Control, Jinan 250002, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Guang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Optometry and Adolescent Low Vision Prevention and Control, Jinan 250002, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, Shandong Province, China
| | - Da-Dong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, Shandong Province, China
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Li T, Bao B, Hao Y, Liu J, Bi H, Guo D. Suppressive effect of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NMMA acetate on choroidal fibrosis in experimental myopic guinea pigs through the nitric oxide signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176111. [PMID: 37863413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Myopia is one of the most prevalent eye diseases that seriously threaten the eyesight of children and adolescents worldwide. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear, and effective drugs are still scarce. In the present study, the guinea pigs were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a lens-induced myopia (LIM) group, a NOS inhibitor (L-NMMA) injection group, and a NOS inhibitor solvent phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group and the animals received relevant treatments. After 2- and 4-week different treatments, we noted that the refraction and choroidal thickness in the LIM group decreased compared with the NC group, whereas the ocular axial length increased significantly, and the choroid showed a fibrotic trend. The expression of NOS1, NOS3, TGF-β1, COLI, and α-SMA at gene and protein levels was increased significantly in the choroid (all P < 0.05). After intravitreal injection of NOS inhibitor L-NMMA, we found that compared with the LIM group, the refraction and the choroidal thickness significantly increased, whereas the axial length reduced significantly, accompanied by an increase of choroidal thickness and an improvement of choroidal fibrosis. The expression levels of choroidal NOS1, NOS3, TGF-β, COLI, and α-SMA were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, the trend of choroidal fibrosis in LIM guinea pigs is positively correlated with the increase in axial length. The NOS inhibitor L-NMMA can alleviate the process of choroidal fibrosis in myopic guinea pigs by inhibiting NO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuling Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Bo Bao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yixian Hao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Dadong Guo
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
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Zhang Y, Tang W, Liang J, Zhou X, Chen S, Zhi Z. Spontaneously Myopic Guinea Pig: Model of Early Pathologic Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:19. [PMID: 37962527 PMCID: PMC10653258 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate whether pigmented guinea pigs with spontaneous myopia present characteristic changes of pathologic myopia. Methods The fundus images of guinea pigs (3 weeks old) were graded according to fundus tessellation (FT) degree. Biometric parameters, including refraction, vitreous chamber depth (VCD), and axial length (AL), were measured at ages 21 and 43 days. Some of these animals were divided into three groups: hyperopic without FT (H w/o FT), myopic without FT (M w/o FT), and myopic with FT (M w/ FT). The horizontal and vertical radii of curvature of posterior sclera (RP-H and RP-V, respectively) and the radii of curvature and arc lengths of superior sclera (RS and LS, respectively), inferior sclera (RI and LI, respectively), nasal sclera (RN and LN, respectively), and temporal sclera (RT and LT) were evaluated by Fuji. Results The fundi were graded as type A or type B (both without FT), type C (mild FT), or type D (severe FT). The prevalence of FT was correlated with myopic refraction, longer VCD, and longer AL. Eyes of M w/FT animals had shorter RP-H and RP-V, longer RS and RT, and longer LS and LT than eyes of H w/o FT or M w/o FT animals. Refractions shifted toward hyperopia in eyes lacking FT, but not in eyes having FT. The changes in VCD were consistent with the changes in refraction. This relatively myopic shift in refraction and shortening of VCD were found only in myopic eyes with FT, but not in myopic eyes without FT. Conclusions Spontaneously myopic guinea pig eyes have a high prevalence of FT. Myopic eyes with FT presented characteristic signs of pathologic myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyu Tang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianqiang Liang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhina Zhi
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li T, Li X, Hao Y, Liu J, Bao B, Yang Z, Zhou M, Wei H, Zhang R, Hao J, Jiang W, Bi H, Guo D. Inhibitory effect of miR-138-5p on choroidal fibrosis in lens-induced myopia guinea pigs via suppressing the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115517. [PMID: 36966935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Myopia is one of the most common eye diseases in children and adolescents worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment in clinical practice. Ocular tissue fibrosis is involved in the development of myopia and this study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-138-5p on choroidal fibrosis in myopic guinea pigs via regulating the HIF-1α signaling pathway. First, guinea pigs were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a lens-induced myopia (LIM) group, a LIM + miR-138-5p-carried Lentivirus treatment (LV) group, and a LIM + miR-138-5p-Vector treatment (VECTOR) group. All animals were induced experimental myopia with a -6.0 diopter lens except those in the NC group. Meanwhile, animals in the LV group were supplemented with 5 μl of miR-138-5p-carried Lentivirus, while those in the VECTOR group were only supplemented with the same volume of miR-138-5p-Vector. After myopia induction for 2 and 4 weeks, the refractive status and other ocular parameters of the guinea pigs were measured. Further, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, collagen I, hydroxyproline (HYP), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in choroidal tissues was investigated. Results showed that the refraction and axial length of the experimental myopic guinea pigs increased, and choroid fibrosis aggravated after experimental myopic induction. miR-138-5p can efficiently decrease the refraction and ocular length, and ameliorate the choroidal fibrosis of the experimental myopic guinea pigs via downregulating the fibrosis-related TGF-β1, collagen I, HYP, IL-1β, TNF-α, and α-SMA expression through inhibiting the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Our results provide new insight into controlling myopic development using microRNAs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuling Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Yixian Hao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Bo Bao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Mengxian Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Jiawen Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 25000200, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 25000200, China.
| | - Dadong Guo
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 25000200, China.
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