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Zhang S, Jiang Z, Wang P, Jiang W, Ding W, Zhong L. TCBIR/CD320: a potential therapeutic target upregulated in endothelial cells and associated with immune cell infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:255. [PMID: 38955924 PMCID: PMC11219609 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CD320, which is a transmembrane protein responsible for facilitating the absorption of vitamin B12, plays a key role in this process. However, the relationships between CD320 and immune cell infiltration levels remain unclear, with limited studies investigating the diagnostic and prognostic significance of CD320 in hepatocellular carcinoma. We used various databases, including the TIMER, GEPIA, UALCAN and TCGA databases to investigate the expression levels of CD320 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequently, we analyzed the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with different expression levels of CD320. Furthermore, we also performed Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analyses to validate the results of the database analysis. Finally, the functions of CD320 in hepatocellular carcinoma were also confirmed via relevant cell experiments and angiogenesis assays. We found that CD320 expression was significantly upregulated in tumor vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, the knockdown of CD320 led to a reduction in angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Increased expression of CD320 was also correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, which suggested that CD320 may be a potential prognostic marker. Finally, TIMER analysis demonstrated that the infiltration of six immune cell types was significantly associated with high expression levels of CD320 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, we demonstrated that CD320 may play an important role in angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. These findings suggested that CD320 may be a potential clinical prognostic marker and immunotherapy target for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pusen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China.
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang S, Liu C, Wang Q, Zhou H, Wu H, Zhuang J, Cao Y, Shi H, Zhang J, Wang J. CRYAA and GJA8 promote visual development after whisker tactile deprivation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13897. [PMID: 36915480 PMCID: PMC10006481 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Deprivation of one sense can be followed by enhanced development of other senses via cross-modal plasticity mechanisms. To study the effect of whisker tactile deprivation on vision during the early stages of development, we clipped the bilateral whiskers of young mice and found that their vision was impaired but later recovered to normal levels. Our results demonstrate that inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling pathway caused short-term visual impairment during early development, while high expression levels of Crystallin Alpha A (CRYAA) and Gap Junction Protein Alpha 8 (GJA8) in the retina led to the recovery of developmental visual acuity. Interestingly, analysis of single-cell sequencing results from human embryonic retinas at 9-19 gestational weeks (GW) revealed that CRYAA and GJA8 display stage-specific peak expression during human embryonic retinal development, suggesting potential functions in visual development. Our data show that high expression levels of CRYAA and GJA8 in the retina after whisker deprivation rescue impaired visual development, which may provide a foundation for further research on the mechanisms of cross-modal plasticity and in particular, offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying tactile-visual cross-modal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haicong Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Zhuang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang Da Road, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author.
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Yao Y, Gu X, Xu X, Ge S, Jia R. Novel insights into RB1 mutation. Cancer Lett 2022; 547:215870. [PMID: 35964818 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) decades ago, RB1 has been regarded as a prototype tumor suppressor gene providing a paradigm for tumor genetic research. Constant research has updated the understanding of RB1-related pathways and their impact on tumor and nontumor diseases. Mutation of RB1 gene has been observed in multiple types of malignant tumors including prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and almost every familial and sporadic case of retinoblastoma. Even if well-known and long-investigated, the application potential of RB1 mutation has not been fully tapped. In this review, we focus on the mechanism underlying RB1 mutation during oncogenesis. Therapeutically, we have further discussed potential clinical strategies by targeting RB1-mutated cancers. The unsolved problems and prospects of RB1 mutation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Yao Q, Zhang X, Chen D. The emerging potentials of lncRNA DRAIC in human cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:867670. [PMID: 35992823 PMCID: PMC9386314 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.867670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a subtype of noncoding RNA that has more than 200 nucleotides. Numerous studies have confirmed that lncRNA is relevant during multiple biological processes through the regulation of various genes, thus affecting disease progression. The lncRNA DRAIC, a newly discovered lncRNA, has been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of diseases, particularly cancer. Indeed, the dysregulation of DRAIC expression is closely related to clinicopathological features. It was also reported that DRAIC is key to biological functions such as cell proliferation, autophagy, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, DRAIC is of great clinical significance in human disease. In this review, we discuss the expression signature, clinical characteristics, biological functions, relevant mechanisms, and potential clinical applications of DRAIC in several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfan Yao
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajin Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dajin Chen,
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Ventura E, Iannuzzi CA, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Morrione A. RBL1/p107 Expression Levels Are Modulated by Multiple Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195025. [PMID: 34638509 PMCID: PMC8507926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family, RB1/p105, retinoblastoma-like (RBL)1/p107 and RBL2/p130 are critical modulators of the cell cycle and their dysregulation has been associated with tumor initiation and progression. The activity of RB proteins is regulated by numerous pathways including oncogenic signaling, but the molecular mechanisms of these functional interactions are not fully defined. We previously demonstrated that RBL2/p130 is a direct target of AKT and it is a key mediator of the apoptotic process induced by AKT inhibition. Here we demonstrated that RBL1/p107 levels are only minorly modulated by the AKT signaling pathway. In contrast, we discovered that RBL1/p107 levels are regulated by multiple pathways linked directly or indirectly to Ca2+-dependent signaling. Inhibition of the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) significantly reduced RBL1/p107 expression levels and phosphorylation, increased RBL1/p107 nuclear localization and led to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. Targeting the Ca2+-dependent endopeptidase calpain stabilized RBL1/p107 levels and counteracted the reduction of RBL1/p107 levels associated with CaMKs inhibition. Thus, these novel observations suggest a complex regulation of RBL1/p107 expression involving different components of signaling pathways controlled by Ca2+ levels, including CaMKs and calpain, pointing out a significant difference with the mechanisms modulating the close family member RBL2/p130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ventura
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +215-204-2450
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Pan Y, Jiao Q, Wei W, Zheng T, Yang X, Xin W. Emerging Role of LncRNAs in Ischemic Stroke-Novel Insights into the Regulation of Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4467-4483. [PMID: 34522116 PMCID: PMC8434908 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s327291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As a crucial kind of pervasive gene, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant and key players in brain function as well as numerous neurological disorders, especially ischemic stroke. The mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke include angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, cell death, and neuroinflammation. Inflammation plays a vital role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke, and systemic inflammation affects the patient’s prognosis. Although a great deal of research has illustrated that various lncRNAs are closely relevant to regulate neuroinflammation and microglial activation in ischemic stroke, the specific interactional relationships and mechanisms between lncRNAs and neuroinflammation have not been described clearly. This review aimed to summarize the therapeutic effects and action mechanisms of lncRNAs on ischemia by regulating inflammation and microglial activation. In addition, we emphasize that lncRNAs have the potential to modulate inflammation by inhibiting and activating various signaling pathways, such as microRNAs, NF‐κB and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Pan
- Department of Neurology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzheng Jiao
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Gucheng County Hospital, Gucheng, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyang Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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7
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Qiang W, Wei R, Chen Y, Chen D. Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:734860. [PMID: 34512255 PMCID: PMC8427186 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.734860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), is a distinct type of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading cause of vision loss in older persons. During the past decade, systematic investigation into the clinical, multimodal imaging, and histopathological features and therapeutic outcomes has provided important new insight into this disease. These studies favor the retinal origin of MNV3 and suggest the involvement of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)–hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and multiple cell types in the development and progression of MNV3. Several mouse models, including the recently built Rb/p107/Vhl triple knockout mouse model by our group, have induced many of the histological features of MNV3 and provided much insight into the underlying pathological mechanisms. These models have revealed the roles of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, lipid metabolism, VHL/HIF pathway, and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb)–E2F cell cycle pathway in the development of MNV3. This article will summarize the clinical, multimodal imaging, and pathological features of MNV3 and the diversity of animal models that exist for MNV3, as well as their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiang
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjiang Chen
- The School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Danian Chen
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chai P, Luo Y, Yu J, Li Y, Yang J, Zhuang A, Fan J, Han M, Jia R. Clinical characteristics and germline mutation spectrum of RB1 in Chinese patients with retinoblastoma: A dual-center study of 145 patients. Exp Eye Res 2021; 205:108456. [PMID: 33493472 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common primary intraocular childhood malignancy and one of the main causes of blindness in children. In China, most tumors are diagnosed at an advanced stage and have relatively poor outcomes compared to developed countries. Here, we aimed to update the clinical manifestations and RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) mutation spectrum in Chinese Rb patients. Medical charts of 184 eyes in 145 Chinese Rb patients belonging to unrelated families were reviewed. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of the patients and their parents. Mutation analysis of whole coding regions, promoter regions and flanking splice sites in the RB1 gene was performed. In addition, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was done to detect gross aberrations. Germline RB1 mutations were observed in 37.2% (54/145) of Rb patients. RB1-mutated patients presented with earlier age of diagnosis (p = 0.019), with a significantly larger proportion of bilateral cases (p = <0.001) and secondary malignancies (p = 0.027) relative to those without RB1 mutations. For ocular clinical presentations, RB1-mutated retinoblastomas presented with a larger proportion of ectropion uveae (p = 0.017) and iris neovascularization (p = 0.001). These RB1 mutations comprised of 13 (24.1%) nonsense mutation, 13 (24.1%) splicing mutations, 11 (20.4%) frameshift deletions, 11 (20.4%) gross mutations, 3 (5.6%) missense mutations, 2 (3.7%) promoter mutations and 1 (1.9%) non-frameshift deletion. In addition, 8 novel RB1 mutations were identified. These germline RB1 mutations were not related to age at diagnosis or laterality. Here, we provide a comprehensive spectrum of RB1 germline mutations in Chinese Rb patients and describe correlations between RB1 mutations and clinical presentations. Our study also provides new evidence that will inform management and genetic counselling of Rb patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Chai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxiu Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Minglei Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, China.
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Li C, Zhao J, Sun W. microRNA-222-Mediated VHL Downregulation Facilitates Retinoblastoma Chemoresistance by Increasing HIF1α Expression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:9. [PMID: 32756923 PMCID: PMC7441340 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in children. Chemoresistance is the major obstacle for treatment of these tumors. This study aims to determine whether or not downregulating microRNA-222 (miR-222) could serve as a potential therapeutic target for preventing chemoresistance in RB treatment. Methods Differentially expressed miR-222 in RB samples and its downstream target genes were predicted using bioinformatics methods. The expression of miR-222 was altered by mimic or inhibitor to examine its role in RB cell in response to the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine (VCR). Further bioinformatic analysis predicted involvement of the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) protein in regulation of the von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor, followed by characterization of the effect of VHL on the ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of HIF1α. Next, VHL or HIF1α was overexpressed to determine their effects on RB cell activities after VCR treatment. In vivo assays were performed on nude mice to further verify the in vitro results. Results miR-222 is highly expressed in RB tissues and cells and was found to facilitate resistance of RB cells to VCR. Of note, miR-222 specifically bound to and negatively regulated VHL. VHL could inhibit the stability of HIF1α and promote the degradation of ubiquitin–proteasome, thus reducing HIF1α expression to attenuate VCR resistance in RB cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-222 in combination with VCR suppressed tumor formation in nude mice. Conclusions miR-222 promotes the expression of HIF1α by targeting VHL, thus accelerating the resistance of RB cells to the chemotherapeutic agent VCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Weiying Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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Wang Y, Fang Q, Zhang C, Chen Y, Gou T, Cai Q, Yin H, Gao Y, Feng Y, Qiu S, Zhang M, Cen X, Zhang H, Chen D. Multimodal imaging and electroretinography highlights the role of VEGF in the laser-induced subretinal fibrosis of monkey. Exp Eye Res 2020; 203:108417. [PMID: 33358768 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. Laser-induced nonhuman primate choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a widely used animal model of neovascular AMD. Subretinal fibrosis (SFb) is the major limiting factor of effective anti-VEGF therapy for neovascular AMD, yet SFb has never been systematically analyzed in the primate CNV model and if VEGF directly affect SFb is unknown. We recruited a large cohort of rhesus macaques to study the occurrence, multimodal imaging and electroretinography (ERG) features, and related cytokines of SFb. Here we show that among 33 rhesus macaques, 88% CNV eyes developed SFb. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) identified four types of subretinal hyper-reflective material (SHRM) of SFb in primate. Multimodal imaging is reliable for monitoring SFb and matches the histological results well. Reduced amplitude of oscillatory potentials correlates with the thinning of inner retina layers and is a possible SFb indicator. Iba1+ microglia/macrophage cells infiltrated in the fibrotic lesions, and aqueous cytokine analysis identified four fibrosis-related factors (GM-CSF, IL-10, TGFβ2 and VEGF). Unexpectedly, we found sustained expression of VEGF may be an important inducer of SFb, and anti-VEGF therapy actually partially suppresses SFb. Taken together, our data suggest the laser-induced primate SFb model, coupled with multimodal imaging and ERG recording, is a useful system to dissect the pathogenesis and explore the rationale of treatment for SFb; and combined therapy with anti-VEGF and anti-fibrosis agents is necessary for AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiyao Fang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chaomao Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjiang Chen
- The School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tao Gou
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qinglin Cai
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Yin
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunxia Gao
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Danian Chen
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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