1
|
Nunes M, Vlok M, Proal A, Kell DB, Pretorius E. Data-independent LC-MS/MS analysis of ME/CFS plasma reveals a dysregulated coagulation system, endothelial dysfunction, downregulation of complement machinery. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:254. [PMID: 39014464 PMCID: PMC11253362 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic condition that is characterized by unresolved fatigue, post-exertion symptom exacerbation (PESE), cognitive dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance, and other symptoms. ME/CFS lacks established clinical biomarkers and requires further elucidation of disease mechanisms. A growing number of studies demonstrate signs of hematological and cardiovascular pathology in ME/CFS cohorts, including hyperactivated platelets, endothelial dysfunction, vascular dysregulation, and anomalous clotting processes. To build on these findings, and to identify potential biomarkers that can be related to pathophysiology, we measured differences in protein expression in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) samples from 15 ME/CFS study participants and 10 controls not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, using DIA LC-MS/MS. We identified 24 proteins that are significantly increased in the ME/CFS group compared to the controls, and 21 proteins that are significantly downregulated. Proteins related to clotting processes - thrombospondin-1 (important in platelet activation), platelet factor 4, and protein S - were differentially expressed in the ME/CFS group, suggestive of a dysregulated coagulation system and abnormal endothelial function. Complement machinery was also significantly downregulated, including C9 which forms part of the membrane attack complex. Additionally, we identified a significant upregulation of lactotransferrin, protein S100-A9, and an immunoglobulin variant. The findings from this experiment further implicate the coagulation and immune system in ME/CFS, and bring to attention the pathology of or imposed on the endothelium. This study highlights potential systems and proteins that require further research with regards to their contribution to the pathogenesis of ME/CFS, symptom manifestation, and biomarker potential, and also gives insight into the hematological and cardiovascular risk for ME/CFS individuals affected by diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Nunes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Mare Vlok
- Central Analytical Facility: Mass Spectrometry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, Room 6054, Clinical Building, Francie Van Zijl Drive Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Amy Proal
- PolyBio Research Foundation, 7900 SE 28th ST, Suite 412, Mercer Island, DC, 98040, USA
| | - Douglas B Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Chemitorvet 200, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
A Link Between Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Helicobacter pylori Infection. JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/jim-2021-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Gastritis is a progressive disease that evolves from a non-atrophic to an atrophic state and progresses through intestinal metaplasia, even leading to gastric cancer. Gastritis is defined by an inflammatory process of the mucosal lining of the stomach.
Aim: We aimed to identify any association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive gastritis and simple inflammatory markers derived from a complete blood count such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
Material and Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study in which we included patients who underwent an upper digestive endoscopy with biopsy between January 2019 and December 2020 and were diagnosed with gastritis. H. pylori status was determined from the histopathological examination, and complete blood count was performed from venous blood samples. The final study group included 125 patients with H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis, and the control group was made up by 207 patients without H. pylori infection.
Results: We found a higher value of the PLR in H. pylori-positive patients than in the control group, but the difference was not significant statistically.
Conclusions: PLR levels could be a predictor of inflammation in H. pylori infection, but an extensive study is needed to confirm this theory.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ponzetto A, Holton J, Porta M. Intestinal Ischemic Manifestations of COVID-19. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:2191. [PMID: 33385437 PMCID: PMC7771904 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ponzetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - John Holton
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, UK
| | - Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ponzetto A, Figura N, Bernardini G. COVID-19, coagulopathy and venous thromboembolism: more questions than answers-comment. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:525-526. [PMID: 32944869 PMCID: PMC7497853 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-020-02503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ponzetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Natale Figura
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ansari S, Yamaoka Y. Role of vacuolating cytotoxin A in Helicobacter pylori infection and its impact on gastric pathogenesis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 18:987-996. [PMID: 32536287 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1782739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Helicobacter pylori causes, via the influence of several virulence factors, persistent infection of the stomach, which leads to severe complications. Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) is observed in almost all clinical strains of H. pylori; however, only some strains produce the toxigenic and pathogenic VacA, which is influenced by the gene sequence variations. VacA exerts its action by causing cell vacuolation and apoptosis. We performed a PubMed search to review the latest literatures published in English language. Areas covered Articles regarding H. pylori VacA and its genotypes, architecture, internalization, and role in gastric infection and pathogenicity are reviewed. We included the search for recently published literature until January 2020. Expert opinion H. pylori VacA plays a crucial role in severe gastric pathogenicity. In addition, VacA mediated in vivo bacterial survival leads to persistent infection and an enhanced bacterial evasion from the action of antibiotics and the innate host defense system, which leads to drug evasion. VacA as a co-stimulator for the CagA phosphorylation may exert a synergistic effect playing an important role in the CagA-mediated pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College , Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine , Yufu, Oita, Japan.,Global Oita Medical Advanced Research Center for Health , Yufu, Oita, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX, USA.,Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sabah , Kota Kinabaru, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li H, Li Y, Sun T, Du W, Zhang Z, Li D, Ding C. Integrative Proteome and Acetylome Analyses of Murine Responses to Cryptococcus neoformans Infection. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575. [PMID: 32362878 PMCID: PMC7181412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a causative agent for pulmonary infection and meningoencephalitis. Understanding the host’s response to C. neoformans infection is critical for developing effective treatment. Even though some have elucidated the host response at the transcriptome level, little is known about how it modulates its defense machinery through the proteome mechanism or how protein posttranslational modification responds to the infection. In this work, we employed a murine infection model and mass spectrometry to systematically determine the proteome and acetylome statuses of lungs and brains in the early stage of infection. To extensively analyze the host response, we integrated the proteome data to the transcriptome results. Critical genes, including genes involved in phagosome, lysosome, and platelet activation are significantly altered in protein and gene expression during infection. In the acetylome analysis, we demonstrated that lung and brain tissues differentially regulate protein acetylation during infection. The three primary groups of proteins altered in acetylation status are histones, proteins involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism, and proteins from the immune system. These analyses provide an integrative regulation network of the host responding to C. neoformans and shed new light on understanding the host’s regulation mechanism when responding to C. neoformans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanjian Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianshu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, Beijing, China.,Central Research Laboratory, Department of Scientific Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Du
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dancheng Li
- Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Ding
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ponzetto A, Turvani G. Preeclampsia and platelets activation. Platelets 2019; 31:128. [PMID: 31340711 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1646901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ponzetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanna Turvani
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Mansour L, El-Kalla F, Kobtan A, Abd-Elsalam S, Yousef M, Soliman S, Ali LA, Elkhalawany W, Amer I, Harras H, Hagras MM, Elhendawy M. Helicobacter pylori may be an initiating factor in newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot study. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:641-649. [PMID: 30430119 PMCID: PMC6232561 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i13.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To directly visualize Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by the highly sensitive and specific technique of immunohistochemical staining in colonic tissue from patients newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS Colonoscopic biopsies from thirty patients with newly diagnosed UC and thirty controls were stained with Giemsa stain and immunohistochemical stain for detection of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Results were confirmed by testing H. pylori Ag in the stool then infected patients were randomized to receive either anti H. pylori treatment or placebo.
RESULTS Twelve/30 (40%) of the UC patients were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa, and 17/30 (56.6%) by immunohistochemistry stain. Among the control group 4/30 (13.3%) and 6/30 (20 %) were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa and immunohistochemistry staining respectively. H. pylori was significantly higher in UC than in controls (P = 0.04 and 0.007). All Giemsa positive patients and controls were positive by immunohistochemical stain. Four cases of the control group positive for H. pylori also showed microscopic features consistent with early UC.
CONCLUSION H. pylori can be detected in colonic mucosa of patients with UC and patients with histological superficial ulcerations and mild infiltration consistent with early UC. There seems to be an association between UC and presence of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Whether this is a causal relationship or not remains to be discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loai Mansour
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Ferial El-Kalla
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Kobtan
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yousef
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Samah Soliman
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Lobna Abo Ali
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Walaa Elkhalawany
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Amer
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33511, Egypt
| | - Heba Harras
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Maha M Hagras
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhendawy
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 35127, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim SW, Kim CM, Kim DM, Yun NR. Manifestation of anaplasmosis as cerebral infarction: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:409. [PMID: 30119642 PMCID: PMC6098650 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular granulocytotropic bacterium. Case presentation A 70-year-old female patient was admitted with the clinical signs of fever and an altered state of consciousness 1 week after experiencing a tick bite while planting lawn grass. Magnetic resonance imaging, performed at the time of admission, indicated cerebral infarction in the left basal ganglia, whereas increasing immunofluorescence assay antibody titers for A. phagocytophilum were also documented. A. phagocytophilum was identified using groEL and ankA targeted polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Because of severe thrombocytopenia, only doxycycline was administered, without any antiplatelet agents. Subsequently, the symptoms improved without any focal neurologic sequela. Conclusion This is the first reported case of cerebral infarction occurrence in an anaplasmosis patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Mee Kim
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea.
| | - Na Ra Yun
- Departments of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Serum Lipid Profile. J Lipids 2018; 2018:6734809. [PMID: 29973994 PMCID: PMC6008870 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6734809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies suggest a significant relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and atherogenesis; but the mechanism of the relationship is almost unknown. The current study aimed at evaluating the relationship between H. pylori infection and serum lipid profile. Patients and Methods The current study was conducted on 2573 patients, from 2008 to 2015. The serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody titer and serum lipid profile were assessed in the study population; data were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 16. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results In the current study, 66.5% of the cases were serologically positive for H. pylori. Among male cases, the level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) was higher in patients with H. pylori infection, compared with that of the ones without the infection (P = 0.03); although level of triglyceride (TG) was higher and the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower in the cases with H. pylori infection; there was no statistically significant difference between the cases with and without H. pylori infection regarding the level of HDL and TG. Among female cases, the level of TG was significantly lower in patients with H. pylori infection, compared with that of the ones without the infection (P = 0.001); but there was no significant difference between the cases with and without H. pylori infection regarding the level of LDL and HDL. The mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) in the cases with H. pylori infection was significantly higher than that of the ones without the infection (P = 0.04). Conclusion According to the results of the current study, the levels of LDL and FBS were high among the male cases with H. pylori infection. However, in females with H. pylori infection the level of TG was low; hence, it seems that the atherogenicity of H. pylori affected the level of blood sugar more.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ischaemic stroke in patients with liver cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 30:689. [PMID: 29697527 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
|
13
|
Hepatic Encephalopathy and Helicobacter pylori. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:1368-1369. [PMID: 29594969 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
|
14
|
Kaplan M, Ates I, Yuksel M, Arikan MF, Aydog G, Turhan N, Gökbulut V, Kayacetin E. The role of the PLR-NLR combination in the prediction of the presence of Helicobacter pylori and its associated complications. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:294-300. [PMID: 29873316 PMCID: PMC6152001 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_29_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) combination, in the prediction of the presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and its associated complications in the gastrointestinal system. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 1289 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and biopsy for HP were included in the study. RESULTS The ratio of patients with moderate and severe chronic gastritis was higher in HP (+) group than HP (-) group. The ratio of patients with levels 1-3 atrophy and intestinal metaplasia was higher in HP (+) group. Compared with HP (-) group, HP (+) had higher PLR and NLR levels. The ratio of HP (+) patients was higher in high-risk group compared with low- and medium-risk groups. HP invasion stage, the intestinal metaplasia level, and the ratio of patients with atrophy level "3" were higher in high-risk group compared with low- and medium-risk groups. Regression analysis showed that the PLR-NLR combination was an independent risk factor for both HP presence and moderate and severe chronic gastritis. CONCLUSION We found the PLR-NLR combination to be a good predictor of HP presence and gastrointestinal complications associated with HP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Kaplan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mustafa Kaplan, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Ihsan Ates
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yuksel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet F. Arikan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulden Aydog
- Department of Pathology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Turhan
- Department of Pathology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Volkan Gökbulut
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Kayacetin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gesualdo M, Scicchitano P, Carbonara S, Ricci G, Principi M, Ierardi E, Di Leo A, Cortese F, Ciccone MM. The association between cardiac and gastrointestinal disorders: causal or casual link? J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 17:330-8. [PMID: 26702598 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide: among them, coronary artery disease and arrhythmias represent the most frequent pathological conditions. Similarly, the gastrointestinal disorders, that is, gastroesophageal reflux and inflammatory bowel diseases, have a high incidence in the general population. Several pieces of evidence have documented a link between cardiac and gastrointestinal disorders as they often share similar risk factors and symptoms. Furthermore, both can simultaneously occur in the same patient, thus creating problems in the correct clinical diagnosis. It is well known that gastrointestinal disorders may present with chest pain and mimic angina pectoris. In contrast, they can also unmask heart disease, such as in the case of the angina-linked ischemia. The aim of this review was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between cardiac and gastrointestinal diseases to better understand the causal or casual character of such a linkage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Gesualdo
- aCardiovascular Diseases Section bDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yahiro K, Hirayama T, Moss J, Noda M. New Insights into VacA Intoxication Mediated through Its Cell Surface Receptors. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050152. [PMID: 27187473 PMCID: PMC4885067 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a major cause of gastroduodenal diseases, produces VacA, a vacuolating cytotoxin associated with gastric inflammation and ulceration. The C-terminal domain of VacA plays a crucial role in receptor recognition on target cells. We have previously identified three proteins (i.e., RPTPα, RPTPβ, and LRP1) that serve as VacA receptors. These receptors contribute to the internalization of VacA into epithelial cells, activate signal transduction pathways, and contribute to cell death and gastric ulceration. In addition, other factors (e.g., CD18, sphingomyelin) have also been identified as cell-surface, VacA-binding proteins. Since we believe that, following interactions with its host cell receptors, VacA participates in events leading to disease, a better understanding of the cellular function of VacA receptors may provide valuable information regarding the mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic actions of VacA and the pathogenesis of H. pylori-mediated disease. In this review, we focus on VacA receptors and their role in events leading to cell damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinnosuke Yahiro
- Department of Molecular Infectiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Toshiya Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Joel Moss
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Building 10, Room 6D03, MSC 1590, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA.
| | - Masatoshi Noda
- Department of Molecular Infectiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sarıcı SU, Gursel O, Kurekci E, Kesik V, Atay A, Okutan V, Inal A, Pekel A, Ozguven MA, Ozcan O. Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Children with Helicobacter pylori Infection. Helicobacter 2015; 20:418-21. [PMID: 25856798 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies are associated with thrombosis and have an important role in the etiology of diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction whose etiologies were based on thrombosis. H. pylori has been proposed to be responsible for the pathophysiology of some diseases including stroke, myocardial infarction, thrombosis, and autoimmune diseases. From this point of view, we hypothesized a possible relationship between H. pylori infection and aCL antibodies and initially aimed to determine the prevalence of aCL antibody positivity in children with H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anticardiolipin antibodies were studied in 84 patients before and after eradication therapy and in a control group including 40 children. RESULTS The pretreatment aCL IgA (median 12.78 APL/mL), aCL IgM (median 21.60 MPL/mL), and aCL IgG antibody levels (median 14.22 GPL/mL) were significantly higher than those of post-treatment results (median 5.38 APL/mL, 7.02 MPL/mL, and 6.64 GPL/mL, respectively) and controls (median 5.90 APL/mL, 4.80 MPL/mL, and 4.81 GPL/mL, respectively). Anticardiolipin antibodies revealed no significant differences between the study group after therapy and the control group. CONCLUSIONS In our particular experience, H. pylori can cause aCL antibody positivity in children and eradication of H. pylori provides the disappearance of these antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Umit Sarıcı
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Orhan Gursel
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emin Kurekci
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vural Kesik
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Avni Atay
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vedat Okutan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Inal
- Department of Immunology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Pekel
- Department of Immunology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Ozguven
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Ozcan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
He C, Yang Z, Lu NH. Helicobacter pylori-an infectious risk factor for atherosclerosis? J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 21:1229-42. [PMID: 25342566 DOI: 10.5551/jat.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence implicates Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the pathogenesis of certain diseases localized outside the stomach, particularly those characterized by persistent and low-grade systematic inflammation. Recently, the role of H. pylori infection in the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical complications has received attention. Atherosclerosis is a high-cost disease, and acute events resulting from this condition rank first among morbidity and mortality statistics in most industrialized countries. Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disorder, and traditional risk factors explain only 50% of its etiology. Therefore, identifying new risk factors for atherosclerosis is necessary. Serological studies indicate that chronic H. pylori infection, especially that with more virulent strains, may predispose patients to the onset of atherosclerosis and related adverse clinical events, and PCR studies have detected H. pylori DNA in atherosclerotic plaques, although this finding remains controversial. If this association were to be confirmed, its importance to public health would be substantial, as the eradication of H. pylori is more straightforward and less costly than the long-term treatment of other risk factors. This review investigates the potential relationship between H. pylori infection and atherosclerosis from both epidemiological and pathogenic perspectives and characterizes the potential mechanisms underlying this correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tomita A, Tamura N, Nanazawa Y, Shiozaki S, Goto S. Development of virtual platelets implementing the functions of three platelet membrane proteins with different adhesive characteristics. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 22:201-10. [PMID: 25284441 DOI: 10.5551/jat.26203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Computer simulation is a new method for understanding biological phenomena. In this report, we developed a simple platelet simulator representing platelet adhesion under blood flow conditions. METHODS We generated virtual platelets based on the functions of three key adhesive proteins: glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, GPIIb/IIIa and collagen receptors. The adhesive force between GPIbα and von Willebrand factor (VWF) was set to increase in association with increments in the fluid shear stress. GPIIb/IIIa acquires an adhesive force to bind with ligands only when platelets are activated following multiple GPIbα stimulation by VWF or collagen receptors. RESULTS Upon perfusion over the area of virtual endothelial injury, the virtual platelets adhered and became activated to form platelet thrombi. A total of 286/mm(2) of activated platelets was found to have accumulated downstream of the flow obstacle within 30 seconds, with 59/mm(2) platelets adhering upstream. The results obtained with the virtual model were consistent with those for real platelets in human blood in the presence of similarly shaped flow obstacles. CONCLUSIONS Our computer platelet simulator, which employs the functions of three key platelet membrane proteins, shows similar findings for adhesion in the presence and absence of blood flow obstacles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Tomita
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of acute coronary syndrome: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 34:69-74. [PMID: 25063740 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) imposes substantial social costs and is of major etiological importance in peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and accelerated cardiovascular diseases. This study determined the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) associated with HPI in a nationwide retrospective cohort study. By using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), we identified patients diagnosed with HPI from 1998 to 2010. In addition, we randomly selected non-HPI controls frequency-matched by age, sex, and index year from the general population free of HPI. The risk of ACS was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models in which sex, age, and comorbidities were included as variables. We identified 17,075 participants for the HPI group and selected 68,300 participants for the comparison group. The incidence rates were increased in the patients in the HPI group compared with those in the comparison group. Overall, the HPI patients exhibited a 1.93-fold high crude hazard ratio for ACS, and a 1.48-fold adjusted hazard ratio after age, sex, and comorbidities were adjusted. However, the overall adjusted hazard ratio of ACS increased with increasing age with a 3.11 to 8.24 adjusted hazard ratio among the various age groups. Several comorbidities, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and COPD exhibited synergistic effects for ACS risk. We determined a significant association between ACS and comorbidities and provide evidence to encourage clinicians to observe ACS-related comorbidities.
Collapse
|
21
|
Schmid W, Vogelsang H, Papay P, Primas C, Eser A, Gratzer C, Handler M, Novacek G, Panzer S. Increased responsiveness to thrombin through protease-activated receptors (PAR)-1 and -4 in active Crohn's disease. J Crohns Colitis 2014; 8:495-503. [PMID: 24291018 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Platelets are essential in hemostasis and inflammation, thereby linking coagulation with inflammation. Abundant thrombin generation in association with inflammation is considered a major reason for the increased risk for thromboembolic events. We therefore investigated platelet responsiveness to thrombin. METHODS In this case-control study 85 patients with Crohn's disease (active CD 42, remission 43) and 30 sex- and age-matched controls were enrolled. Clinical disease activity (Harvey-Bradshaw-Index) was assessed and CD-related data were determined by chart review. Platelets' response to protease activated receptor-1 and -4 (PAR-1, -4) was assessed by whole blood platelet aggregometry (MEA), levels of platelets adhering to monocytes (PMA), and platelet surface P-selectin. RESULTS Platelets' aggregation after activation with the specific PAR-1 agonist (SFLLRN) and PAR-4 agonist (AYPGKF) was higher in patients with active CD compared to patients in remission and controls (p=0.0068 and p=0.0023 for SFLLRN, p=0.0019 and 0.0003 for AYPGKF). Likewise, levels of PMA after activation with PAR-1 and PAR-4 receptor agonists were higher in patients with active CD compared to patients in remission and controls (p=0.0001 and p<0.0001 for SFLLRN, p=0.0329 and p=0.0125 for AYPGKF). However, P-selectin expression on human platelets showed heterogeneous results. Only PAR-1 activation of platelets resulted in significant differences between CD patients and controls (p=0.0001 and p=0.0022 for active and inactive CD versus controls, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a new mechanism of platelet activation which has the potential to increase risk for thromboembolism in patients with active CD which might be due to platelets poised for thrombin-inducible activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Schmid
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Vogelsang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavol Papay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Primas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Eser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Gratzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Handler
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried Novacek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Panzer
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with coronary artery disease: is Helicobacter pylori a risk factor? ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:516354. [PMID: 24574896 PMCID: PMC3915494 DOI: 10.1155/2014/516354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is the most common infection in the world and coronary artery disease (CAD) is probably associated with it. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the association between HP infection and CAD in suspected patients referred for coronary angiography. The coronary angiography was performed using Judkins method and patients were assigned to participate in CAD positive (>50% luminal diameter stenosis) and negative groups. The serum HP IgG antibody was checked. RESULTS Positive and negative CAD groups consisted of 62 and 58 patients, respectively. HP was more prevalent among CAD+ patients, and with increasing the number of coronary arteries with stenosis, the HP seropositivity increased so that 76.3% of patients with multiple vessel diseases (MVD) and 70% of patients with single vessel diseases (SVD) were HP seropositive versus 50% in control group (P = 0.006). Positive CAD was significantly associated with HDL level (P = 0.01) and ESR level (P = 0.006). Also, CAD+ patients had higher CRP levels than controls and it was statistically different between SVD group and controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION HP infection is more prevalent in CAD positive patients and, in case of proving causal relationship, it can be considered as a reversible risk factor for CAD.
Collapse
|
23
|
Satoh K, Hirayama T, Takano K, Suzuki-Inoue K, Sato T, Ohta M, Nakagomi J, Ozaki Y. VacA, the vacuolating cytotoxin of Helicobacter pylori, binds to multimerin 1 on human platelets. Thromb J 2013; 11:23. [PMID: 24219705 PMCID: PMC3842841 DOI: 10.1186/1477-9560-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets were activated under the infection with H. pylori in human and mice. We investigated the role of VacA, an exotoxin released by H. pylori in this context. Acid-activated VacA, but not heated VacA, induced platelet CD62P expression. However, VacA reacted with none of the alleged VacA receptors present on platelet membranes. We therefore analyzed VacA associated proteins obtained through VacA affinity chromatography, using MALDI-TOF-MS. Multimerin1 was detected in two consecutive experiments, as the binding protein for VacA. Plasmon resonance confirmed their binding, and dot blot analysis revealed that the peptide sequence AA 321-340 of multimerin 1 is the binding site for VacA. In conclusion, we propose a new interaction between multimerin1 and VacA , which may give another insight into H. pylori-induced platelet activations under H. pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yukio Ozaki
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898 Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Badr Eslam R, Gremmel T, Schneller A, Stegfellner M, Kaider A, Mannhalter C, Lang I, Panzer S. High levels of platelet-monocyte aggregates after valve replacement for aortic stenosis: Relation to soluble P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 genes. Thromb Res 2012; 129:453-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
25
|
Malnutrition, infection and arteriovenous fistula failure: is there a link? J Vasc Access 2011; 12:57-62. [PMID: 21038306 DOI: 10.5301/jva.2010.5831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The histology of neointimal hyperplasia, the primary cause of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis, resembles the histology of atherosclerosis. We evaluated classic atherogenic risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, diabetes, cholesterol, and evaluated the role of expanded risk factors such as: cytomegalovirus (CMV), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae), infection, and malnutrition, as possible causes of AVF failure in hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS AVF of 91 HD patients were monitored by on-line blood flow measurement (Qac); levels of albumin, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein and plasma cholesterol were recorded. Nutrition was evaluated via the Malnutrition Inflammation Score and the normalized protein intake (nPCR). Seropositivity to CMV, C. pneumoniae and H. Pylori were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-one patients had at least one episode of vascular access thrombosis; 17 patients had stenotic lesions. Analysis of survival tables revealed that patients who had high IgG CMV antibody levels had a higher probability of AVF failure than patients with lower CMV antibody levels. The difference in the empirical survival functions was statistically significant when we stratified by CMV antibody levels, unlike H. pylori or C. pneumoniae. In a logistic regression model, CMV, increased cholesterol, and decreases in nPCR and Qac significantly increased the risk of AVF failure. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that CMV infection, total plasma cholesterol, decreased Qac, and nPCR are important risk factors of AVF failure in HD patients.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Psoriasis vulgaris and digestive system disorders: is there a linkage? Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2010; 47:517-24. [PMID: 20164041 DOI: 10.2478/v10042-009-0107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is well-known immune-mediated skin disease often associated with co-morbidities, including dyslipidaemia and obesity. Few reports imply that the disease might be also related to pathology of mucosal surfaces, especially that of the digestive system. The authors present a case of psoriasis and concurrent digestive system abnormalities, and review the literature regarding the topic. A 40-year-old man suffered from an exacerbation of exudative psoriasis for about 6 months. Topical antipsoriatics proved ineffective and the disease gradually progressed to a severe disseminated form. Subsequent detailed examinations revealed persistent gastroduodenitis due to H. pylori infection, pancreatic dysfunction and fatty change of the liver, although the patient denied any gastrointestinal symptoms. As a result appropriate treatment of the diagnosed digestive system disorders was added to topical antipsoriatic therapy. Within 2 weeks of treatment clinical symptoms and laboratory signs showed a marked trend to normalisation. The presented medical history seems to suggest that there may be some kind of interplay between psoriasis and digestive system disorders.
Collapse
|
28
|
Gursel O, Atay AA, Kurekci AE, Avcu F, Nevruz O, Senses Z, Ozturk E, Hasimi A, Ozcan O. Platelet aggregation in children with Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2009; 16:637-42. [PMID: 19633022 DOI: 10.1177/1076029609339747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the platelet aggregation alterations in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples of children with Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. Platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, ristocetin, or epinephrine was studied with photometric aggregometry in 30 patients before and after eradication therapy and in a control group including 15 children. The pretreatment mean maximum aggregation values and slope were significantly lower (P < .0001) in the study group at 10 μmol/L concentrations of ADP (ADP-like defect). The maximum aggregation values and slope revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the study group after therapy and the control group. We concluded that H pylori infection may cause dysfunction of platelets in children and can be reversed by H pylori eradication therapy. Further studies should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of platelet dysfunction in children with H pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Gursel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Celik T, Iyisoy A, Yuksel UC. Possible pathogenetic role of Helicobacter pylori infection in cardiac syndrome X. Int J Cardiol 2008; 142:193-4. [PMID: 19070380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.11.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is often a diagnosis of exclusion and hence requires a systematic and comprehensive assessment of each patient to rule out more common causes of chest discomfort. The definitive technique for the diagnosis of CSX is not currently available. Many patients with chest pain and normal coronary angiograms have neither metabolic nor hemodynamic evidence of myocardial ischemia. Causes of nonischemic chest pain such as esophageal dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, and mitral valve prolapse, should also be considered and pursued. Although chronic inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection might play a part in the pathophysiology of CSX, one can conclude that nonischemic chest pain resulting from gastrointestinal disease such as esophagitis, gastritis cannot be completely excluded in the patients with CSX. We believe future large scale prospective cohort studies will be needed to solve that dilemma.
Collapse
|
30
|
Miura S, Kubes P, Granger DN. Gastrointestinal and Liver Microcirculations: Roles in Inflammation and Immunity. Compr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
31
|
Abdalla Abbas M, Guenther A, Galantucci S, Fawi G, Comi G, Kwan J, Corea F. Microbial risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: potential therapeutical options. Open Neurol J 2008; 2:20-4. [PMID: 19018303 PMCID: PMC2577933 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x00802010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Revised: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection and inflammation may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This hypothesis is supported by an increasing number of reports on the interaction between chronic infection, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Assessment of serological and inflammatory markers of infection may be useful adjuncts in identifying those patients who are at a higher risk of developing vascular events, and in whom more aggressive treatments might be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdalla Abbas
- Neurology Department, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
- Istituto di Neurologia Sperimentale (INSPE), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, Milano, Neurologia, Dimer, Via Olgettina, 48, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Albrecht Guenther
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Gharib Fawi
- Neurology Department, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Istituto di Neurologia Sperimentale (INSPE), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, Milano, Neurologia, Dimer, Via Olgettina, 48, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Joseph Kwan
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Castle Lane East, Bournemouth, BH7 7DW, UK
| | - Francesco Corea
- Istituto di Neurologia Sperimentale (INSPE), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele, Milano, Neurologia, Dimer, Via Olgettina, 48, 20132, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Miura S, Kubes P, Granger DN. Gastrointestinal and Liver Microcirculations. Microcirculation 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374530-9.00016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Pellicano R, Rizzetto M. Helicobacter pylori and coronary artery disease: which is the better target population? Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:3041-2. [PMID: 17429729 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
|
35
|
Corcoran PA, Atherton JC, Kerrigan SW, Wadstrom T, Murray FE, Peek RM, Fitzgerald DJ, Cox DM, Byrne MF. The effect of different strains of Helicobacter pylori on platelet aggregation. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2007; 21:367-70. [PMID: 17571170 PMCID: PMC2658119 DOI: 10.1155/2007/490852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Helicobacter pylori is the major causative agent in peptic ulcer disease and is strongly implicated in the development of gastric cancer. It has also been linked, less strongly, to cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms by which certain strains of H pylori induce platelet aggregation through interactions with platelet glycoprotein Ib have been previously described. METHODS In the present study, 21 different strains of H pylori, varying in their vacuolating toxin gene, cytotoxic-associated gene A status and other pathogenicity factors, were tested for their ability to induce platelet aggregation. RESULTS Ten of the 21 strains induced platelet aggregation, a response that appeared to be independent of their vacuolating toxin gene and cytotoxic-associated gene A status. CONCLUSIONS Platelet aggregation has been suggested to be one of the possible mechanisms involved in the effects on the cardiovascular system induced by H pylori. Our results suggest that any putative role H pylori plays in cardiovascular disease may be strain dependent. Further work to identify the H pylori factors involved in induction of platelet aggregation may allow for identification of 'higher risk' strains for cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Corcoran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John C Atherton
- Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre and Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Steve W Kerrigan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Torkel Wadstrom
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Dermatology and Infection, Division of Bacteriology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frank E Murray
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard M Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Desmond J Fitzgerald
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot M Cox
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael F Byrne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
- Correspondence: Dr Michael F Byrne, Division of Gastroenterology, Academic Ambulatory Care Centre, Level 5, 5135–2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9. Telephone 604-875-5640, fax 604-875-5447, e-mail
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Manolakis A, Kapsoritakis AN, Potamianos SP. A review of the postulated mechanisms concerning the association of Helicobacter pylori with ischemic heart disease. Helicobacter 2007; 12:287-97. [PMID: 17669100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery, Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, both digestive and extradigestive. Interestingly, the majority of the extradigestive-related literature is focused on two vascular manifestations: stroke and ischemic heart disease. Potential mechanisms for the establishment of a H. pylori-induced ischemic heart disease have been proposed with regard to chronic inflammation, molecular mimicry, oxidative modifications, endothelial dysfunction, direct effect of the microorganism on atherosclerotic plaques as well as changes regarding traditional or novel risk factors for ischemic heart disease or even platelet-H. pylori interactions. A positive link between H. pylori infection and ischemic heart disease has been suggested by a series of studies focusing on epidemiologic evidence, dyslipidemic alterations, upregulation of inflammatory markers or homocysteine levels, induction of hypercoagulability, oxidation of low-density lipoprotein, causation of impaired endothelial function, detection of H. pylori DNA in atherosclerotic plaques, and participation of certain antigens and antibodies in a cross-reactivity model. There are studies, however, which investigated the relationship between H. pylori and ischemic heart disease with regard to the same parameters and failed to confirm the suggested positive association. Further studies in the direction of interaction between H. pylori and the host's genotype as well as a quest for evidence towards novel risk factors for ischemic heart disease such as oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, vascular calcification, or vasomotor activity, may reveal a field of great interest, thus contributing to the determination of new potential mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastassios Manolakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Morimoto N, Takeuchi H, Takahashi T, Ueta T, Tanizawa Y, Kumon Y, Kobayashi M, Sugiura T. Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and low molecular weight H. pylori proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 39:409-16. [PMID: 17464863 DOI: 10.1080/00365540601105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We examined the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (cITP) to clarify the development of H. pylori-associated cITP. cITP patients were classified into 3 different groups: Hp-negative (HP-N); Hp-positive, completely or partially responsive to treatment (CR); and Hp-positive and unresponsive to treatment (NR). Reactivity of antibodies to H. pylori before and after eradication was examined by immunoblotting. We used immunoblotting with immunoprecipitation to establish whether platelets form complexes with H. pylori proteins and if these complexes react with patients' sera. CR group showed large (>50 kDa) and low molecular weight protein bands, especially of 36, 27 and 17-kDa. These low molecular weight bands were detected significantly more in the CR group compared to other groups. When healthy human platelets were incubated with H. pylori lysate, they aggregated with the lysate, indicating that complexes were formed between the platelets and the lysate. The complexes immunoprecipitated with anti-human thrombocyte antibodies, and showed a 17 kDa band in the CR, but not in other groups. At least 3 low molecular weight proteins of H. pylori were involved in H. pylori-associated cITP. Immunocomplexes consisting of platelets, low molecular weight proteins of H. pylori and anti-H. pylori antibodies may represent an extra mechanism in development of H. pylori- associated cITP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kochi University School of Medicine, Kochi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alvarez A, Ibiza S, Hernández C, Alvarez-Barrientos A, Esplugues JV, Calatayud S. Gastrin induces leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo and contributes to the inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori. FASEB J 2006; 20:2396-8. [PMID: 17015411 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-5696fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric mucosal inflammation causes hypergastrinemia, and gastrin receptors have been detected in several leukocyte types. We have analyzed whether gastrin affects the leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo by monitoring leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and emigration in rat mesenteric venules using intravital microscopy. Mesenteric superfusion with exogenous gastrin increased these processes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, effects prevented by the cholecystokinin (CCK)-2 receptor antagonists (proglumide, L-365,260) but not by the CCK-1 receptor antagonist devazepide. A similar response was induced by exogenous CCK or endogenously released gastrin. CCK-2 receptors were localized in mesenteric macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. This effect of gastrin is not modulated by somatostatin and is independent of the endogenous release of histamine. To analyze whether hypergastrinemia elicited by Helicobacter pylori (HP) modulates the inflammation induced by the germ, rats were chronically administered with an extract of a CagA+/VacA+ strain of HP. This protocol increased gastrinemia and induced an inflammatory response in the rat mesentery. Blockade of CCK-2 receptors attenuated this response and induced a qualitative change in the leukocyte infiltrate suggestive of a receding inflammatory process. Our results reveal a new proinflammatory role of gastrin that seems to contribute to the maintenance of the inflammation elicited by HP components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Alvarez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010-Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ahn ER, Tiede MP, Jy W, Bidot CJ, Fontana V, Ahn YS. Platelet activation in Helicobacter pylori-associated idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: eradication reduces platelet activation but seldom improves platelet counts. Acta Haematol 2006; 116:19-24. [PMID: 16809885 DOI: 10.1159/000092343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2004] [Accepted: 08/03/2005] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been suggested that Helicobacter pylori eradication often increases platelet counts in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). In addition, H. pylori has been shown to induce platelet activation (CD62p or P-selectin expression) in previous studies. We assessed the response of platelet count and CD62p expression after eradication therapy in patients with ITP and H. pylori infection. METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively studied 15 ITP patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection by serology and breath test. A follow-up breath test was used to document eradication. Two out of 15 patients showed improvement in platelet counts after 6 months, 1 of which may have had drug-induced thrombocytopenia. Overall, certain platelet response rate in our series was 6.7% (1/15). We found that platelet CD62p expression by flow cytometry was elevated in 10/15 (66.7%) H. pylori-infected patients, which is a statistically significant difference when compared with 3/33 (9.1%) control ITP patients seronegative for H. pylori (p = 0.002). In addition, eradication therapy decreased CD62p expression (p = 0.04). However, reduction in platelet activation was not associated with an increase in platelet counts (mean 72.4 x 10(9)/l before and 68.7 after therapy; p = 0.4). CONCLUSION In our series, platelet activation was common in ITP patients with H. pylori, and eradication therapy decreased platelet activation but seldom increased platelet counts. Increased platelet CD62p expression is a putative link between chronic infections and atherosclerosis, but further study is needed to clarify the implications of our observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene R Ahn
- Wallace H. Coulter Platelet Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UM Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cotticelli L, Borrelli M, D'Alessio AC, Menzione M, Villani A, Piccolo G, Montella F, Iovene MR, Romano M. Central serous chorioretinopathy and Helicobacter pylori. Eur J Ophthalmol 2006; 16:274-8. [PMID: 16703546 DOI: 10.1177/112067210601600213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS Retrospective observational case series. A group of 23 patients (22 men and 1 woman, age range 34-62 years, median age 47 years) with diagnosis of CSC, confirmed by fluorescein angiogram, and a control group of 23 consecutive patients (22 men and 1 woman, age range 41-69 years, median age 50 years) referred to our Department for retinal disease other than CSC were studied. Each patient provided peripheral venous blood samples and a stool specimen, which were analyzed at the Department of Gastroenterology and Microbiology at the same university. H. pylori infection was determined by measurement of IgG anti-bodies to H. pylori and by determination of H. pylori antigens in the stool specimens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Patients were defined as H. pylori infected if both tests were positive. RESULTS The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 78.2% (95% CI, 56%-92%) in CSC patients and 43.5% (95% CI, 23%-65%) in control subjects (p<0.03 by two-tail ed Fisher exact test). The odds ratio for CSC associated with H. pylori infection was 4.6 (95% CI 1.28-16.9). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that the prevalence of H. pylori infection seems to be significantly higher in patients with CSC than in control s. H. pylori infection may represent a risk factor in patients with CSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cotticelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, II University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Colucci M, Rossiello MR, Pentimone A, Berloco P, Russo F, Di Leo A, Semeraro N. Changes in coagulation-fibrinolysis balance in blood mononuclear cells and in gastric mucosa from patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Thromb Res 2005; 116:471-7. [PMID: 16181982 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Revised: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori and some of its virulence factors stimulate human blood mononuclear cells (MNC) in vitro to produce tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2). In this study we investigated the procoagulant-fibrinolytic potential of blood MNC in patients with H. pylori infection. In the same patients we also evaluated the coagulation-fibrinolysis profile in gastric tissue and in plasma. METHODS AND RESULTS The production of TF and PAI-2 was evaluated in 61 patients with dyspepsia, 31 positive and 30 negative for H. pylori infection. TF expressed by MNC and PAI-2 accumulation in cell culture medium after incubation for 20 h at 37 degrees C were significantly higher in H. pylori(+) than in H. pylori(-) patients and were significantly correlated. TF and PAI-2 content in extracts of gastric mucosa was similar in the two groups whereas lower levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and thrombomodulin (TM) antigens were found in the antrum of H. pylori(+) patients. No difference between the groups was observed in plasma thrombus precursor protein, prothrombin fragment 1+2, D-dimer, t-PA, PAI-1, TM and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection is associated with functional abnormalities of blood MNC resulting in the coordinate expression of TF and antifibrinolytic activity. Changes in cell coagulation-fibrinolysis balance may represent a link between H. pylori infection and ischemic heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Colucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of General Pathology, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 11; I-70124 Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Borjesson DL, Brazzell JL, Feferman R. Platelet Dysfunction after Association with Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Vitro. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1063:413-5. [PMID: 16481550 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1355.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tick-borne, zoonotic disease caused by an obligate intracellular granulocytotropic bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A. phagocytophilum and other Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. have been variably implicated with an associated hematologic alteration, platelet dysfunction, that can result in potentially serious clinical sequelae including hemorrhage. The objective of this work was to define an in vitro model to assess alterations in platelet function associated with A. phagocytophilum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ding SZ, Torok AM, Smith MF, Goldberg JB. Toll-like receptor 2-mediated gene expression in epithelial cells during Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2005; 10:193-204. [PMID: 15904477 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is the major pathogen causing chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and is closely linked to gastric malignancy. We have previously shown that H. pylori-induced NF-(kappa)B activation and interleukin (IL)-8 secretion are mediated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in epithelial cells. However, the TLR2-mediated global gene expression profile of the epithelial cell during H. pylori infection is still unknown. The goal of this study was to identify TLR2-regulated genes in epithelial cells induced by H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HEK293 and HEK-TLR2 cells were cocultured with H. pylori 26695 for 6 hours. Total RNA was extracted and hybridized to the Affymetrix human U133A microarray chipset, which contains 22,283 total probe sets including 14,285 genes. Data analyses were performed using affymetrix suite 5 software. The expression of selected genes in gastric epithelial cells AGS and MKN45 was monitored by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Forty-six genes, contained in 57 probe sets, were induced > 2-fold and three genes (five probe sets) decreased > 2-fold by H. pylori infection of HEK293 cells. Fifty-four genes, contained in 69 probe sets, were induced > 2-fold, whereas only 1 gene was repressed > 2-fold in H. pylori-infected HEK-TLR2 cells. Comparisons of genes induced in HEK293 or HEK-TLR2 cells identified 28 genes whose expression was dependent on the presence of TLR2. Seventeen genes were selected and their expression was assessed using the quantitative RT-PCR in gastric epithelial cells during H. pylori infection. Eight of the 17 genes showed distinct expression patterns in AGS and MKN45 cells after H. pylori stimulation. CONCLUSIONS The current study investigated the TLR2-mediated global gene changes after H. pylori stimulation in the epithelial cell system. This approach will be helpful in identifying genes whose expression is mediated by specific TLRs and in determining the cellular responses that are responsible for diverse signal pathways during H. pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Ze Ding
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Elizalde JI, Pérez-Pujol S, Heras M, Sionis A, Casanovas N, Martorell T, Lozano M, González J, Escolar G, Sanz G, Piqué JM. Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on platelet activation and disease recurrence in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Helicobacter 2004; 9:681-9. [PMID: 15610084 DOI: 10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet activation is consistently observed in animal models of Helicobacter pylori infection and could help to explain the alleged epidemiological association between H. pylori and coronary heart disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-two patients with recent acute coronary syndromes were enrolled. Helicobacter pylori-positive patients were randomized to receive a 7-day course of omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole or placebos. Two months later, H. pylori status was reassessed and baseline parameters, including soluble P-selectin and platelet surface expression of CD62P, CD63 and CD41, were measured again. Patients were followed-up for 1 year or until death or readmission. RESULTS No baseline differences were observed between H. pylori-positive and -negative cases. Among H. pylori-positive patients, 18 received placebo and 31 received active medication resulting in eradication in 21 cases. No differences were observed in inflammatory parameters or platelet activation markers between patients with persistent or resolved H. pylori infection. However, coronary events recurred at 6 and 12 months, respectively, in 35% and 55% of patients with persisting H. pylori infection compared with 10% and 25% of patients in whom H. pylori was either absent or eradicated (p = .01). Only final H. pylori status [RR 3.07 (95% CI 1.35-98)] and number of coronary risk factors [RR 2.58 (95% CI 1.51-4.41)] were independent predictors of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Infection with H. pylori does not induce significant platelet activation in patients treated for coronary disease. Helicobacter pylori-infected patients, however, may have an increased risk of recurrence of coronary events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ignasi Elizalde
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Davì G, Neri M, Falco A, Festi D, Taraborelli T, Ciabattoni G, Basili S, Cuccurullo F, Patrono C. Helicobacter pylori infection causes persistent platelet activation in vivo through enhanced lipid peroxidation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 25:246-51. [PMID: 15472127 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000147128.10278.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed at investigating the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and in vivo lipid peroxidation and platelet activation, as reflected by urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F(2alpha) and 11-dehydro-thromboxane (TX)B2, respectively, in otherwise healthy dyspeptic subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured urinary 8-iso-PGF2alpha and 11-dehydro-TXB2 excretion in 40 dyspeptic subjects with a positive 13C-urea breath test and 38 dyspeptic individuals with a negative test. Moreover, we investigated the effects of H pylori eradication on prostanoid metabolite excretion in 23 H pylori-positive subjects. We also measured prostanoid metabolite excretion before and after selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with rofecoxib in 4 H pylori-positive subjects. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2alpha and 11-dehydro-TXB2 excretion was significantly higher in the H pylori-positive individuals than in controls. A significant direct correlation was found between the degree of positivity to the 13C-urea breath test and urinary 8-iso-PGF2alpha excretion. The latter was linearly correlated with urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2. Successful eradication of H pylori infection led to a significant reduction in both 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 11-dehydro-TXB2. Furthermore, their levels were unaffected after treatment with rofecoxib. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence of enhanced in vivo lipid peroxidation and platelet activation in association with H pylori infection and suggests a novel mechanism by which an infectious agent could contribute to atherothrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Davì
- Center of Excellence on Aging, Fondazione Università G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abdel-Latif MMM, Windle HJ, Fitzgerald KA, Ang YS, Eidhin DN, Li-Weber M, Sabra K, Kelleher D. Helicobacter pylori activates the early growth response 1 protein in gastric epithelial cells. Infect Immun 2004; 72:3549-60. [PMID: 15155664 PMCID: PMC415651 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.6.3549-3560.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The early growth response 1 (Egr-1) transcription factor is rapidly induced by various stimuli and is implicated in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and gene expression. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Helicobacter pylori on the expression of Egr-1 and Egr-1-regulated genes in gastric epithelial AGS cells. Egr-1 expression was assayed by immunoblotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assays using H. pylori-stimulated AGS cells. Transient transfection experiments with promoter-reporter constructs of CD44, ICAM-1, and CD95L were used for expression studies. H. pylori induced the expression of Egr-1 in gastric epithelial cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with the rapid kinetics that are typical of this class of transcription factors. Immunohistochemical studies of biopsies revealed that Egr-1 expression is more abundant in H. pylori-positive patients than in uninfected individuals. Reporter-promoter transfection studies indicated that Egr-1 binding is required for the H. pylori-induced transcriptional promoter activity of the CD44, ICAM-1, and CD95L (APO-1/Fas) constructs. The blocking of egr-1 with an antisense sequence prevented H. pylori-induced Egr-1 and CD44 protein expression. The MEK1/2 signaling cascade participates in H. pylori-mediated Egr-1 expression, but the p38 pathway does not. The data indicate that H. pylori induces Egr-1 expression in AGS cells in vitro and that the Egr-1 protein is readily detectable in biopsies from H. pylori-positive subjects. These observations suggest that H. pylori-associated Egr-1 expression may play a role, in part, in H. pylori-induced pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M M Abdel-Latif
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Dublin Molecular Medicine Centre, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim JS, Kim JM, Jung HC, Song IS. Helicobacter pylori down-regulates the receptors of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin in vascular endothelial cells: implications in the impairment of gastric ulcer healing. Dig Dis Sci 2004; 49:778-86. [PMID: 15259499 DOI: 10.1023/b:ddas.0000030089.76514.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Once a peptic ulcer has developed, angiogenesis plays a critical role in its healing by enhancing the microcirculation in the healing site. Previous reports have shown that Helicobacter pylori infection delays the healing of chronic gastric ulcers. To elucidate the mechanism of delayed ulcer healing caused by H. pylori, we investigated the angiogenic phenotype and expression of receptors of angiogenic growth factors in vascular endothelial cells. After human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with H. pylori water extract, angiogenic phenotype was determined by capillary tube formation and DNA synthesis assay. The expressions of the receptors of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1/-2 were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis in HUVECs and by double immunofluorescent staining in gastric mucosa. Angiogenic signaling in HUVECs was evaluated by using a quantitative intracellular calcium mobilization assay. H. pylori water extract significantly inhibited capillary tube formation and DNA synthesis and down-regulated the expressions of receptors of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin in HUVECs. H. pylori water extract suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor-induced intracellular calcium signaling in HUVECs. H. pylori may inhibit the expression of angiogenic growth factor receptors in vascular endothelial cells, which could explain, in part, the delayed healing of gastric ulcer by H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Byrne MF, Murphy JF, Corcoran PA, Atherton JC, Sheehan KM, Cox D, Murray FE, Fitzgerald DJ. Helicobacter pylori induces cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in vascular endothelial cells. Scand J Gastroenterol 2003; 38:1023-30. [PMID: 14621275 DOI: 10.1080/00365520310005622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori induces cyclooxygenase activity in the stomach, although the COX isoform and cellular source are unclear. A potential source is the vascular endothelial cell, which plays a role in regulating mucosal blood flow and inflammatory cell infiltration. METHODS We examined the effect of four strains (toxigenic and non-toxigenic) of H. pylori on COX isoform expression in vascular endothelial cells. Prostaglandin synthesis was measured by enzyme immunoassay and COX isozyme expression determined by Western blot and RT-PCR. Gene induction was examined using 5' deletion constructs of the COX-1 and COX-2 promoters coupled with luciferase. RESULTS All H. pylori strains induced prostaglandin generation and expression of both COX-1 and COX-2 in HUVEC, although this was most pronounced with the highly toxigenic strain H. pylori 60190. Treatment of the cells with selective COX inhibitors demonstrated that COX-1 was predominantly responsible for the enhanced generation of prostacyclin induced by H. pylori 60190. Similar results were seen with H. pylori broth culture filtrates, suggesting that a secreted product was responsible. Induction of COX-2 reflected both enhanced gene expression and stabilization of the mRNA. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori increased both COX-1 and COX-2 activity in vascular endothelial cells. This increased generation of endothelial cell prostacyclin may play a role in modulating mucosal blood flow, platelet function and inflammatory cell infiltration in response to H. pylori infection. The regulation of COX-1 at the transcriptional level by H. pylori described in this study is a novel finding and calls into question the traditional description of COX-1 as a purely constitutive, housekeeping gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F Byrne
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kalia N, Bardhan KD. Of blood and guts: association between Helicobacter pylori and the gastric microcirculation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18:1010-7. [PMID: 12911655 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The relative importance of acid in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) ulcer pathogenesis is in doubt, with possibilities existing that other contributing factors may be involved. Vascular insufficiency may lead to the development of ischemic lesions or ulcers within the gastric mucosa. H. pylori produces a striking inflammatory response following infection and one of the major components of gastrointestinal inflammation is alterations in the vascular structure and function. This suggests that the microcirculation may be a key target of H. pylori-released factors. Recent evidence has accumulated to suggest that H. pylori can affect a number of microcirculatory variables including blood flow, leukocyte activity and also induce changes in the endothelial lining of the vessels themselves. The majority of these findings have been described by employing the technique of fluorescent in vivo microscopy, which allows direct, dynamic and real time observations of the microcirculation to be made. A universal feature of these experimental studies has been the formation of circulating or adherent platelet aggregates. It is now recognized that platelets participate in the inflammatory response by acting as a potent source of inflammatory mediators and modulating the activity of other inflammatory cells. Circulation of platelet emboli may be of cause for concern, especially as a number of studies have demonstrated an association between H. pylori infection and coronary heart disease. The present review highlights the major findings from these studies and proposes an important role for the gastric microcirculation in the pathophysiology of H. pylori-induced injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neena Kalia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN,UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Byrne MF, Kerrigan SW, Corcoran PA, Atherton JC, Murray FE, Fitzgerald DJ, Cox DM. Helicobacter pylori binds von Willebrand factor and interacts with GPIb to induce platelet aggregation. Gastroenterology 2003; 124:1846-54. [PMID: 12806618 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(03)00397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Clinical studies have suggested an association between cardiovascular disease and infection with Helicobacter pylori. We examined the effect of H. pylori on platelets and the mechanism of the interaction. METHODS Three of 5 strains of H. pylori induced platelet aggregation with a lag time of 5 +/- 2 minutes that was independent of the toxigenic genes cagA and vacA. Aggregation was inhibited completely by aspirin and a glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonist. Aggregation also was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies that prevented the von Willebrand factor (vWF) interaction with GPIb. vWF-coated H. pylori bound to cells transfected with GPIbalpha but not to mock transfected cells and this was inhibited by an antibody to GPIb. RESULTS The interaction with platelets appeared to be mediated by vWF because platelet aggregation was blocked by an antibody to vWF. Moreover, a strain of H. pylori that induced platelet aggregation bound vWF to a greater extent than a nonaggregating strain. Aggregation also required IgG and could be inhibited by an antibody to the platelet IgG receptor (FcgammaRIIA). CONCLUSIONS Some strains of H. pylori induce platelet activation mediated by H. pylori-bound vWF interacting with GPIb, and supported by IgG. These platelet-H. pylori interactions may contribute to the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease and to the association between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular disease, whereas local platelet effects may contribute to the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Byrne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|