1
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Wiesheu R, Edwards SC, Hedley A, Hall H, Tosolini M, Fares da Silva MGF, Sumaria N, Castenmiller SM, Wardak L, Optaczy Y, Lynn A, Hill DG, Hayes AJ, Hay J, Kilbey A, Shaw R, Whyte D, Walsh PJ, Michie AM, Graham GJ, Manoharan A, Halsey C, Blyth K, Wolkers MC, Miller C, Pennington DJ, Jones GW, Fournie JJ, Bekiaris V, Coffelt SB. IL-27 maintains cytotoxic Ly6C + γδ T cells that arise from immature precursors. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00133-1. [PMID: 38816652 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In mice, γδ-T lymphocytes that express the co-stimulatory molecule, CD27, are committed to the IFNγ-producing lineage during thymic development. In the periphery, these cells play a critical role in host defense and anti-tumor immunity. Unlike αβ-T cells that rely on MHC-presented peptides to drive their terminal differentiation, it is unclear whether MHC-unrestricted γδ-T cells undergo further functional maturation after exiting the thymus. Here, we provide evidence of phenotypic and functional diversity within peripheral IFNγ-producing γδ T cells. We found that CD27+ Ly6C- cells convert into CD27+Ly6C+ cells, and these CD27+Ly6C+ cells control cancer progression in mice, while the CD27+Ly6C- cells cannot. The gene signatures of these two subsets were highly analogous to human immature and mature γδ-T cells, indicative of conservation across species. We show that IL-27 supports the cytotoxic phenotype and function of mouse CD27+Ly6C+ cells and human Vδ2+ cells, while IL-27 is dispensable for mouse CD27+Ly6C- cell and human Vδ1+ cell functions. These data reveal increased complexity within IFNγ-producing γδ-T cells, comprising immature and terminally differentiated subsets, that offer new insights into unconventional T-cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wiesheu
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sarah C Edwards
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Holly Hall
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nital Sumaria
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Suzanne M Castenmiller
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leyma Wardak
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amy Lynn
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - David G Hill
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alan J Hayes
- School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jodie Hay
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Declan Whyte
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Alison M Michie
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerard J Graham
- School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anand Manoharan
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christina Halsey
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Monika C Wolkers
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Crispin Miller
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel J Pennington
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gareth W Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK.
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2
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Azimnasab-Sorkhabi P, Soltani-Asl M, Soleiman Ekhtiyari M, Kfoury Junior JR. Landscape of unconventional γδ T cell subsets in cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:238. [PMID: 38289417 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
T cells are broadly categorized into two groups, namely conventional and unconventional T cells. Conventional T cells are the most prevalent and well-studied subset of T cells. On the other hand, unconventional T cells exhibit diverse functions shared between innate and adaptive immune cells. During recent decades, γδ T cells have received attention for their roles in cancer immunity. These cells can detect various molecules, such as lipids and metabolites. Also, they are known for their distinctive ability to recognize and target cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This feature of γδ T cells could provide a unique therapeutic tool to fight against cancer. Understanding the role of γδ T cells in TME is essential to prepare the groundwork to use γδ T cells for clinical purposes. Here, we provide recent knowledge regarding the role γδ T cell subsets in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Azimnasab-Sorkhabi
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maryam Soltani-Asl
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Jose Roberto Kfoury Junior
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Lin P, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Dong Q, Yi J, Li Q, Zhang A, Kong X. The γδ T cells dual function and crosstalk with intestinal flora in treating colorectal cancer is a promising area of study. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110733. [PMID: 37579540 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent and severely affects human health, with the third-greatest occurrence and the second-greatest rate of death globally. Current CRC treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, do not significantly improve CRC patients' survival rate and quality of life, so it is essential to develop new treatment strategies. Adoptive cell therapy and other immunotherapy came into being. Currently, there has been an especially significant emphasis on γδ T cells as being the primary recipient of adoptive cell therapy. The present investigation found that γδ T cells possess the capability to trigger cytotoxicity in CRC cells, secrete cytokines, recruit immune cells for the purpose of destroying cancer cells, and inhibit the progress of CRC indirectly. Nevertheless, It is possible for γδ T cells to initiate a storm of inflammatory factors and inhibit the immune response to promote the advancement of CRC. This review demonstrates a close association between the γδ T cell initiation pathway and their close association with the intestinal flora. It has been observed that the intestinal flora performs a vital function in facilitating the stimulation and functioning of γδ T cells. The tumor-fighting effect is mainly regulated by desulphurizing Vibrio and lactic acid bacteria. In contrast, the regulation of tumor-promoting impact is closely related to Clostridia and ETBF. This review systematically combs γδ T cell dual function and their relationship to intestinal flora, which offers a conceptual framework for the γδ T cell application for CRC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhe Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yijing Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qiutong Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia Yi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qingbo Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xianbin Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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4
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Huang HI, Xue Y, Jewell ML, Tan CY, Theriot B, Aggarwal N, Dockterman J, Lin YD, Schroeder EA, Wang D, Xiong N, Coers J, Shinohara ML, Surana NK, Hammer GE. A binary module for microbiota-mediated regulation of γδ17 cells, hallmarked by microbiota-driven expression of programmed cell death protein 1. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112951. [PMID: 37556321 PMCID: PMC10588736 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how microbiota regulate innate-like γδ T cells or how these restrict their effector functions within mucosal barriers, where microbiota provide chronic stimulation. Here, we show that microbiota-mediated regulation of γδ17 cells is binary, where microbiota instruct in situ interleukin-17 (IL-17) production and concomitant expression of the inhibitory receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Microbiota-driven expression of PD-1 and IL-17 and preferential adoption of a PD-1high phenotype are conserved for γδ17 cells across multiple mucosal barriers. Importantly, microbiota-driven PD-1 inhibits in situ IL-17 production by mucosa-resident γδ17 effectors, linking microbiota to their simultaneous activation and suppression. We further show the dynamic nature of this microbiota-driven module and define an inflammation-associated activation state for γδ17 cells marked by augmented PD-1, IL-17, and lipid uptake, thus linking the microbiota to dynamic subset-specific activation and metabolic remodeling to support γδ17 effector functions in a microbiota-dense tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yue Xue
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark L Jewell
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chin Yee Tan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Barbara Theriot
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nupur Aggarwal
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jacob Dockterman
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yang-Ding Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Erin A Schroeder
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jörn Coers
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Neeraj K Surana
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gianna Elena Hammer
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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5
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Rizk J, Mörbe UM, Agerholm R, Baglioni MV, Catafal Tardos E, Fares da Silva MGF, Ulmert I, Kadekar D, Viñals MT, Bekiaris V. The cIAP ubiquitin ligases sustain type 3 γδ T cells and ILC during aging to promote barrier immunity. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221534. [PMID: 37440178 PMCID: PMC10345214 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life cues shape the immune system during adulthood. However, early-life signaling pathways and their temporal functions are not well understood. Herein, we demonstrate that the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins 1 and 2 (cIAP1/2), which are E3 ubiquitin ligases, sustain interleukin (IL)-17-producing γ δ T cells (γδT17) and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) during late neonatal and prepubescent life. We show that cell-intrinsic deficiency of cIAP1/2 at 3-4 wk of life leads to downregulation of the transcription factors cMAF and RORγt and failure to enter the cell cycle, followed by progressive loss of γδT17 cells and ILC3 during aging. Mice deficient in cIAP1/2 have severely reduced γδT17 cells and ILC3, present with suboptimal γδT17 responses in the skin, lack intestinal isolated lymphoid follicles, and cannot control intestinal bacterial infection. Mechanistically, these effects appear to be dependent on overt activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway. Our data identify cIAP1/2 as early-life molecular switches that establish effective type 3 immunity during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Rizk
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Urs M. Mörbe
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Agerholm
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Elisa Catafal Tardos
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Isabel Ulmert
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Darshana Kadekar
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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He Q, Lu Y, Tian W, Jiang R, Yu W, Liu Y, Sun M, Wang F, Zhang H, Wu N, Dong Z, Sun B. TOX deficiency facilitates the differentiation of IL-17A-producing γδ T cells to drive autoimmune hepatitis. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1102-1116. [PMID: 35986136 PMCID: PMC9508111 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The specification of the αβ/γδ lineage and the maturation of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) coordinate central tolerance to self-antigens. However, the mechanisms underlying this biological process remain poorly clarified. Here, we report that dual-stage loss of TOX in thymocytes hierarchically impaired mTEC maturation, promoted thymic IL-17A-producing γδ T-cell (Tγδ17) lineage commitment, and led to the development of fatal autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) via different mechanisms. Transfer of γδ T cells from TOX-deficient mice reproduced AIH. TOX interacted with and stabilized the TCF1 protein to maintain the balance of γδ T-cell development in thymic progenitors, and overexpression of TCF1 normalized αβ/γδ lineage specification and activation. In addition, TOX expression was downregulated in γδ T cells from AIH patients and was inversely correlated with the AIH diagnostic score. Our findings suggest multifaceted roles of TOX in autoimmune control involving mTEC and Tγδ17 development and provide a potential diagnostic marker for AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenfang Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runqiu Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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7
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Regulation of Microglia-Activation-Mediated Neuroinflammation to Ameliorate Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the STAT5-NF-κB Pathway in Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091153. [PMID: 36138889 PMCID: PMC9496994 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reaction after ischemia-reperfusion contributes significantly to a worsened prognosis, and microglia activation is the main resource of inflammation in the nervous system. Targeting STAT5 has been shown to be a highly effective anti-inflammatory therapy; however, the mechanism by which the STAT5 signaling pathway regulates neuroinflammation following brain injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion remains unclear. Dauricine is an effective agent in anti-inflammation and neuroprotection, but the mechanism by which dauricine acts in ischemia-reperfusion remained unknown. This study is the first to find that the anti-inflammation mechanism of dauricine mainly occurs through the STAT5-NF-κB pathway and that it might act as a STAT5 inhibitor. Dauricine suppresses the inflammation caused by cytokines Eotaxin, KC, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12β, and IL-17α, as well as inhibiting microglia activation. The STAT5b mutant at Tyr-699 reverses the protective effect of dauricine on the oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion injury of neurons and reactivates the P-NF-κB expression in microglia. These results suggest that dauricine might be able to suppress the neuroinflammation and protect the neurons from the injury of post-ischemia-reperfusion injury via mediating the microglia activation through the STAT5-NF-κB pathway. As a potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammation, STAT5 needs to be given further attention regarding its role in ischemic stroke.
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Schönefeldt S, Wais T, Herling M, Mustjoki S, Bekiaris V, Moriggl R, Neubauer HA. The Diverse Roles of γδ T Cells in Cancer: From Rapid Immunity to Aggressive Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6212. [PMID: 34944832 PMCID: PMC8699114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are unique players in shaping immune responses, lying at the intersection between innate and adaptive immunity. Unlike conventional αβ T cells, γδ T cells largely populate non-lymphoid peripheral tissues, demonstrating tissue specificity, and they respond to ligands in an MHC-independent manner. γδ T cells display rapid activation and effector functions, with a capacity for cytotoxic anti-tumour responses and production of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ or IL-17. Their rapid cytotoxic nature makes them attractive cells for use in anti-cancer immunotherapies. However, upon transformation, γδ T cells can give rise to highly aggressive lymphomas. These rare malignancies often display poor patient survival, and no curative therapies exist. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of γδ T cells in immune surveillance and response, with a particular focus on cancer immunity. We summarise the intriguing dichotomy between pro- and anti-tumour functions of γδ T cells in solid and haematological cancers, highlighting the key subsets involved. Finally, we discuss potential drivers of γδ T-cell transformation, summarising the main γδ T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia entities, their clinical features, recent advances in mapping their molecular and genomic landscapes, current treatment strategies and potential future targeting options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schönefeldt
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Tamara Wais
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Marco Herling
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Heidi A. Neubauer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
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9
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Kieslinger M, Swoboda A, Kramer N, Freund P, Pratscher B, Neubauer HA, Steinborn R, Wolfesberger B, Fuchs-Baumgartinger A, Moriggl R, Burgener IA. A Recurrent STAT5BN642H Driver Mutation in Feline Alimentary T Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5238. [PMID: 34680385 PMCID: PMC8534107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alimentary lymphomas arising from T cells are rare and aggressive malignancies in humans. In comparison, they represent the most common anatomical form of lymphoma in cats. Due to the low prevalence in humans, the underlying pathomechanism for these diseases is poorly characterised, limiting experimental analysis and therapeutic exploration. To date, activating mutations of the JAK/STAT core cancer pathway and particularly the STAT5B oncoprotein have been identified in human enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma. Here, we describe a high homology of human and feline STAT3 and STAT5B proteins and strong conservation at the genomic level. Analysis of 42 samples of feline T cell alimentary lymphoma reveals broad activation of STAT3 and STAT5B. Screening for known activating mutations in STAT3 or STAT5B identifies the presence of the STAT5BN642H driver mutation in feline enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma in 7 out of 42 (16.67%) samples in total. Regarding lymphoma subtypes, the majority of mutations with 5 out of 17 (29.41%) cases were found in feline enteropathy-associated lymphoma type II (EATL II). This identification of an oncogenic STAT5B driver mutation in felines recapitulates the genetic situation in the corresponding human disease, thereby establishing the cat as a potential new model for a rare and incurable human T cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kieslinger
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Alexander Swoboda
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Nina Kramer
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Patricia Freund
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Barbara Pratscher
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Heidi A. Neubauer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (H.A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Ralf Steinborn
- Genomics Core Facility, VetCore, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Birgitt Wolfesberger
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
| | - Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (H.A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Iwan A. Burgener
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (N.K.); (P.F.); (B.P.); (B.W.); (I.A.B.)
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10
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Agerholm R, Kadekar D, Rizk J, Bekiaris V. Type I interferon supports γδ T-cell homeostasis and immunity through direct and indirect receptor signaling in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:3186-3193. [PMID: 34624928 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17-producing gamma delta (γδ) T (γδT17) cells are an essential part of innate type 3 immunity against numerous pathogens. At the same time, a large body of evidence from mouse models and human clinical studies suggests that γδT17 cells contribute to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases as well as cancer. It is therefore relevant to elucidate their immunobiology in detail and identify molecules and pathways that can regulate their function. Herein, we investigated the importance of the type I interferon (IFN) signaling system in γδT17 homeostasis and activation. We found that the IFN alpha receptor 1 (IFNAR1) was critical to maintain their normal homeostasis and to promote their activation during cutaneous inflammation. However, this did not require γδT17-intrinsic expression of IFNAR1. In contrast, expression of IFNAR1 by γδT17 cells was required in order to suppress IL-17 production during viral infection. Our data delineate direct from indirect IFNAR1 signaling and reveal an important immunoregulatory role for both tonic and inducible type I IFN in γδT17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Agerholm
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Darshana Kadekar
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John Rizk
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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11
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Agerholm R, Bekiaris V. Evolved to protect, designed to destroy: IL-17-producing γδ T cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2164-2177. [PMID: 34224140 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
T cells of the gamma delta (γδ) lineage are evolutionary conserved from jawless to cartilaginous and bony fish to mammals and represent the "swiss army knife" of the immune system capable of antigen-dependent or independent responses, memory, antigen presentation, regulation of other lymphocytes, tissue homeostasis, and mucosal barrier maintenance, to list a few. Over the last 10 years, γδ T cells that produce the cytokine IL-17 (γδT17) have taken a leading position in our understanding of how our immune system battles infection, inflicts tissue damage during inflammation, and gets rewired by the tumor microenvironment. A lot of what we know about γδT17 cells stems from mouse models, however, increasing evidence implicates these cells in numerous human diseases. Herein, we aim to give an overview of the most common mouse models that have been used to study the role of γδT17 cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer, while at the same time we will evaluate evidence for their importance in humans. We hope and believe that in the next 10 years, means to take advantage of the protective and destructive properties of γδ T and in particular γδT17 cells will be part of our standard immunotherapy toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Agerholm
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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12
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Giri S, Lal G. Differentiation and functional plasticity of gamma-delta (γδ) T cells under homeostatic and disease conditions. Mol Immunol 2021; 136:138-149. [PMID: 34146759 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells are a heterogeneous population of immune cells, which constitute <5% of total T cells in mice lymphoid tissue and human peripheral blood. However, they comprise a higher proportion of T cells in the epithelial and mucosal barrier, where they perform immune functions, help in tissue repair, and maintaining homeostasis. These tissues resident γδ T cells possess properties of innate and adaptive immune cells which enables them to perform a variety of functions during homeostasis and disease. Emerging data suggest the involvement of γδ T cells during transplant rejection and survival. Interestingly, several functions of γδ T cells can be modulated through their interaction with other immune cells. This review provides an overview of development, differentiation plasticity into regulatory and effector phenotypes of γδ T cells during homeostasis and various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Giri
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India
| | - Girdhari Lal
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, SP Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, MH-411007, India.
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13
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Razzaghian HR, Sharafian Z, Sharma AA, Boyce GK, Lee K, Da Silva R, Orban PC, Sekaly RP, Ross CJ, Lavoie PM. Neonatal T Helper 17 Responses Are Skewed Towards an Immunoregulatory Interleukin-22 Phenotype. Front Immunol 2021; 12:655027. [PMID: 34012439 PMCID: PMC8126652 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.655027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborns are frequently affected by mucocutaneous candidiasis. Th17 cells essentially limit mucosal invasion by commensal Candida spp. Here, we sought to understand the molecular basis for the developmental lack of Th17 cell responses in circulating blood neonatal T cells. Naive cord blood CD4 T cells stimulated in Th17-differentiating conditions inherently produced high levels of the interleukin-22 immunoregulatory cytokine, particularly in the presence of neonatal antigen-presenting cells. A genome-wide transcriptome analysis comparing neonatal and adult naïve CD4 T cells ex vivo revealed major developmental differences in gene networks regulating Small Drosophila Mothers Against Decapentaplegic (SMAD) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. These changes were functionally validated by experiments showing that the requirement for TGF-β in human Th17 cell differentiation is age-dependent. Moreover, STAT3 activity was profoundly diminished while overexpression of the STAT3 gene restored Th17 cell differentiation capacity in neonatal T cells. These data reveal that Th17 cell responses are developmentally regulated at the gene expression level in human neonates. These developmental changes may protect newborns against pathological Th17 cell responses, at the same time increasing their susceptibility to mucocutaneous candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R. Razzaghian
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zohreh Sharafian
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ashish A. Sharma
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Guilaine K. Boyce
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelsey Lee
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel Da Silva
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul C. Orban
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Colin J. Ross
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pascal M. Lavoie
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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14
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A centric view of JAK/STAT5 in intestinal homeostasis, infection, and inflammation. Cytokine 2021; 139:155392. [PMID: 33482575 PMCID: PMC8276772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines, growth factors or hormones take action through the JAK/STAT5 signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in regulating the intestinal response to infection and inflammation. However, the way in which STAT5 regulates intestinal epithelial compartment is largely ignored due to the lack of genetic tools for proper exploration and because the two STAT5 transcription factors (STAT5A and STAT5B) have some redundant but also distinct functions. In this review article, by focusing on STAT5 functions in the intestinal undifferentiated and differentiated epithelia, we discuss major advances of the growth factor/cytokine-JAK/STAT5 research in view of intestinal mucosal inflammation and immunity. We highlight the gap in the research of the intestinal STAT5 signaling to anticipate the gastrointestinal explorative insights. Furthermore, we address the critical questions to illuminate how STAT5 signaling influences intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and stem cell regeneration during homeostasis and injury. Overall, our article provides a centric view of the relevance of the relationship between chronic inflammatory diseases and JAK/STAT5 pathway and it also gives an example of how chronic infection and inflammation pirate STAT5 signaling to worsen intestinal injuries. Importantly, our review suggests how to protect a wound healing from gastrointestinal diseases by modulating intestinal STAT5.
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15
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Suzuki T, Hayman L, Kilbey A, Edwards J, Coffelt SB. Gut γδ T cells as guardians, disruptors, and instigators of cancer. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:198-217. [PMID: 32840001 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide with nearly 2 million cases per year. Immune cells and inflammation are a critical component of colorectal cancer progression, and they are used as reliable prognostic indicators of patient outcome. With the growing appreciation for immunology in colorectal cancer, interest is growing on the role γδ T cells have to play, as they represent one of the most prominent immune cell populations in gut tissue. This group of cells consists of both resident populations-γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes (γδ IELs)-and transient populations that each has unique functions. The homeostatic role of these γδ T cell subsets is to maintain barrier integrity and prevent microorganisms from breaching the mucosal layer, which is accomplished through crosstalk with enterocytes and other immune cells. Recent years have seen a surge in discoveries regarding the regulation of γδ IELs in the intestine and the colon with particular new insights into the butyrophilin family. In this review, we discuss the development, specialities, and functions of γδ T cell subsets during cancer progression. We discuss how these cells may be used to predict patient outcome, as well as how to exploit their behavior for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Suzuki
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Liam Hayman
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
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16
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Anderson MK, Selvaratnam JS. Interaction between γδTCR signaling and the E protein-Id axis in γδ T cell development. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:181-197. [PMID: 33058287 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
γδ T cells acquire their functional properties in the thymus, enabling them to exert rapid innate-like responses. To understand how distinct γδ T cell subsets are generated, we have developed a Two-Stage model for γδ T cell development. This model is predicated on the finding that γδTCR signal strength impacts E protein activity through graded upregulation of Id3. Our model proposes that cells enter Stage 1 in response to a γδTCR signaling event in the cortex that activates a γδ T cell-specific gene network. Part of this program includes the upregulation of chemokine receptors that guide them to the medulla. In the medulla, Stage 1 cells receive distinct combinations of γδTCR, cytokine, and/co-stimulatory signals that induce their transit into Stage 2, either toward the γδT1 or the γδT17 lineage. The intersection between γδTCR and cytokine signals can tune Id3 expression, leading to different outcomes even in the presence of strong γδTCR signals. The thymic signaling niches required for γδT17 development are segregated in time and space, providing transient windows of opportunity during ontogeny. Understanding the regulatory context in which E proteins operate at different stages will be key in defining how their activity levels impose functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele K Anderson
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Johanna S Selvaratnam
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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