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Tiwari P, Yadav A, Kaushik M, Dada R. Cancer risk and male Infertility: Unravelling predictive biomarkers and prognostic indicators. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 558:119670. [PMID: 38614420 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a global increase in cases of male infertility. There are about 30 million cases of male infertility worldwide and male reproductive health is showing rapid decline in last few decades. It is now recognized as a potential risk factor for developing certain types of cancer, particularly genitourinary malignancies like testicular and prostate cancer. Male infertility is considered a potential indicator of overall health and an early biomarker for cancer. Cases of unexplained male factor infertility have high levels of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage and this induces both denovo germ line mutations and epimutations due to build up of 8-hydroxy 2 deoxygunaosine abase which is highly mutagenic and also induces hypomethylation and genomic instability. Consequently, there is growing evidence to explore the various factors contributing to an increased cancer risk. Currently, the available prognostic and predictive biomarkers associated with semen characteristics and cancer risk are limited but gaining significant attention in clinical research for the diagnosis and treatment of elevated cancer risk in the individual and in offspring. The male germ cell being transcriptionally and translationally inert has a highly truncated repair mechanism and has minimal antioxidants and thus most vulnerable to oxidative injury due to environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle and social habits. Therefore, advancing our understanding requires a thorough evaluation of the pathophysiologic mechanisms at the DNA, RNA, protein, and metabolite levels to identify key biomarkers that may underlie the pathogenesis of male infertility and associated cancer. Advanced methodologies such as genomics, epigenetics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics stand at the forefront of cutting-edge approaches for discovering novel biomarkers, spanning from infertility to associated cancer types. Henceforth, in this review, we aim to assess the role and potential of recently identified predictive and prognostic biomarkers, offering insights into the success of assisted reproductive technologies, causes of azoospermia and idiopathic infertility, the impact of integrated holistic approach and lifestyle modifications, and the monitoring of cancer susceptibility, initiation and progression. Comprehending these biomarkers is crucial for providing comprehensive counselling to infertile men and cancer patients, along with their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Tiwari
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Anjali Yadav
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Meenakshi Kaushik
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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2
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Kim WJ, Choi BR, Noh JJ, Lee YY, Kim TJ, Lee JW, Kim BG, Choi CH. Comparison of RNA-Seq and microarray in the prediction of protein expression and survival prediction. Front Genet 2024; 15:1342021. [PMID: 38463169 PMCID: PMC10920353 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1342021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene expression profiling using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and microarray technologies is widely used in cancer research to identify biomarkers for clinical endpoint prediction. We compared the performance of these two methods in predicting protein expression and clinical endpoints using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer. We calculated the correlation coefficients between gene expression measured by RNA-seq or microarray and protein expression measured by reverse phase protein array (RPPA). In addition, after selecting the top 103 survival-related genes, we compared the random forest survival prediction model performance across test platforms and cancer types. Both RNA-seq and microarray data were retrieved from TCGA dataset. Most genes showed similar correlation coefficients between RNA-seq and microarray, but 16 genes exhibited significant differences between the two methods. The BAX gene was recurrently found in colorectal cancer, renal cancer, and ovarian cancer, and the PIK3CA gene belonged to renal cancer and breast cancer. Furthermore, the survival prediction model using microarray was better than the RNA-seq model in colorectal cancer, renal cancer, and lung cancer, but the RNA-seq model was better in ovarian and endometrial cancer. Our results showed good correlation between mRNA levels and protein measured by RPPA. While RNA-seq and microarray performance were similar, some genes showed differences, and further clinical significance should be evaluated. Additionally, our survival prediction model results were controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ji Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph J Noh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Joong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Gie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chel Hun Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Senapati D, Sharma V, Rath SK, Rai U, Panigrahi N. Functional implications and therapeutic targeting of androgen response elements in prostate cancer. Biochimie 2023; 214:188-198. [PMID: 37460038 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays an essential role in the growth and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). Ligand-activated AR inside the nucleus binds to the androgen response element (ARE) of the target genes in dimeric form and recruits transcriptional machinery to facilitate gene transcription. Pharmacological compounds that inhibit the AR action either bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) or interfere with the interactions of AR with other co-regulatory proteins, slowing the progression of the disease. However, the emergence of resistance to conventional treatment makes clinical management of CaP difficult. Resistance has been associated with activation of androgen/AR axis that restores AR transcriptional activity. Activated AR signaling in resistance cases can be mediated by several mechanisms including AR amplification, gain-of-function AR mutations, androgen receptor variant (ARVs), intracrine androgen production, and overexpression of AR coactivators. Importantly, in castration resistant prostate cancer, ARVs lacking the LBD become constitutively active and promote hormone-independent development, underlining the need to concentrate on the other domain or the AR-DNA interface for the identification of novel actionable targets. In this review, we highlight the plasticity of AR-DNA binding and explain how fine-tuning AR's cooperative interactions with DNA translate into developing an alternative strategy to antagonize AR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirodatta Senapati
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar Rath
- School of Pharmaceuticals and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Uddipak Rai
- School of Pharmaceuticals and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Naresh Panigrahi
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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4
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Passier M, van Genderen MN, Zaalberg A, Kneppers J, Bekers EM, Bergman AM, Zwart W, Eduati F. Exploring the Onset and Progression of Prostate Cancer through a Multicellular Agent-based Model. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1473-1485. [PMID: 37554550 PMCID: PMC10405859 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Over 10% of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. Arising from luminal cells of the prostatic acinus, prostate cancer is influenced by multiple cells in its microenvironment. To expand our knowledge and explore means to prevent and treat the disease, it is important to understand what drives the onset and early stages of prostate cancer. In this study, we developed an agent-based model of a prostatic acinus including its microenvironment, to allow for in silico studying of prostate cancer development. The model was based on prior reports and in-house data of tumor cells cocultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and protumor and/or antitumor macrophages. Growth patterns depicted by the model were pathologically validated on hematoxylin and eosin slide images of human prostate cancer specimens. We identified that stochasticity of interactions between macrophages and tumor cells at early stages strongly affect tumor development. In addition, we discovered that more systematic deviations in tumor development result from a combinatorial effect of the probability of acquiring mutations and the tumor-promoting abilities of CAFs and macrophages. In silico modeled tumors were then compared with 494 patients with cancer with matching characteristics, showing strong association between predicted tumor load and patients' clinical outcome. Our findings suggest that the likelihood of tumor formation depends on a combination of stochastic events and systematic characteristics. While stochasticity cannot be controlled, information on systematic effects may aid the development of prevention strategies tailored to the molecular characteristics of an individual patient. Significance We developed a computational model to study which factors of the tumor microenvironment drive prostate cancer development, with potential to aid the development of new prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Passier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Maisa N.G. van Genderen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Anniek Zaalberg
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kneppers
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elise M. Bekers
- Division of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andries M. Bergman
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Federica Eduati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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5
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Bitting RL, Wu Y, Somarelli JA, Proudfoot JA, Liu Y, Davicioni E, George DJ, Armstrong AJ. Transcriptomic Signatures Associated With Outcomes in Recurrent Prostate Cancer Treated With Salvage Radiation, Androgen-Deprivation Therapy, and Enzalutamide: Correlative Analysis of the STREAM Trial. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300214. [PMID: 37595184 PMCID: PMC10581641 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Men with rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after radical prostatectomy (RP) may progress despite radiation and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Tissue-based transcriptomic signatures can identify who may benefit from a more aggressive systemic approach. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective phase II multicenter trial of enzalutamide, ADT, and salvage radiotherapy in men with rising PSA after RP. Tumor tissue was analyzed using the Decipher platform for gene expression, including a novel prostate subtyping classifier, PTEN loss, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), and ADT response. Cox models were used to associate signature scores with progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Of the 38 men enrolled, 31 had tissue with sufficient-quality RNA for genomic analysis. Luminal differentiated (LD) subtype tumors had the longest 3-year PFS at 89% compared with 19% in the luminal proliferating subtype. Men with signatures of PTEN loss (hazard ratio [HR], 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.64; P = .01) or HRD (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.39; P = .009) had worse PFS, while those with higher ADT response signature scores (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.94; P = .01) were associated with improved PFS. Analysis of these signatures in a large cohort (n = 5,330) of RP samples from patients with biochemical recurrence found that these signatures provide complementary information related to outcomes with salvage radiation. CONCLUSION Despite aggressive systemic therapy with salvage radiation, nearly 50% of high-risk men relapse within 3 years. We show that LD and higher ADT sensitivity tumors had favorable outcomes. Those with a luminal proliferating subtype, PTEN loss, and/or HRD signatures had poor outcomes despite ADT/radiation and enzalutamide and may benefit from alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda L. Bitting
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | - Yuan Wu
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | - Jason A. Somarelli
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | | | - Yang Liu
- Veracyte, Inc, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Daniel J. George
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
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6
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García-Vílchez R, Añazco-Guenkova AM, Dietmann S, López J, Morón-Calvente V, D'Ambrosi S, Nombela P, Zamacola K, Mendizabal I, García-Longarte S, Zabala-Letona A, Astobiza I, Fernández S, Paniagua A, Miguel-López B, Marchand V, Alonso-López D, Merkel A, García-Tuñón I, Ugalde-Olano A, Loizaga-Iriarte A, Lacasa-Viscasillas I, Unda M, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Bárcena L, Gonzalez-Lopez M, Aransay AM, Di Domenico T, Sánchez-Martín MA, De Las Rivas J, Guil S, Motorin Y, Helm M, Pandolfi PP, Carracedo A, Blanco S. METTL1 promotes tumorigenesis through tRNA-derived fragment biogenesis in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:119. [PMID: 37516825 PMCID: PMC10386714 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly growing evidence highlights the essential role that epitranscriptomic marks play in the development of many cancers; however, little is known about the role and implications of altered epitranscriptome deposition in prostate cancer. Here, we show that the transfer RNA N7-methylguanosine (m7G) transferase METTL1 is highly expressed in primary and advanced prostate tumours. Mechanistically, we find that METTL1 depletion causes the loss of m7G tRNA methylation and promotes the biogenesis of a novel class of small non-coding RNAs derived from 5'tRNA fragments. 5'tRNA-derived small RNAs steer translation control to favour the synthesis of key regulators of tumour growth suppression, interferon pathway, and immune effectors. Knockdown of Mettl1 in prostate cancer preclinical models increases intratumoural infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells and enhances responses to immunotherapy. Collectively, our findings reveal a therapeutically actionable role of METTL1-directed m7G tRNA methylation in cancer cell translation control and tumour biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel García-Vílchez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana M Añazco-Guenkova
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Judith López
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginia Morón-Calvente
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Silvia D'Ambrosi
- Present Address: Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Paz Nombela
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Kepa Zamacola
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Isabel Mendizabal
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Saioa García-Longarte
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Amaia Zabala-Letona
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ianire Astobiza
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Paniagua
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Borja Miguel-López
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginie Marchand
- Université de Lorraine, UAR2008 IBSLor CNRS-UL-INSERM, Biopôle UL, 9, Avenue de La Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Diego Alonso-López
- Bioinformatics Unit, Cancer Research Center (CIC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angelika Merkel
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Germans Trias I Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Tuñón
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Ana Loizaga-Iriarte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
- Traslational Prostate Cancer Research Lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Avenida Montevideo 18, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Unda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
- Traslational Prostate Cancer Research Lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Avenida Montevideo 18, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Carlos III Networked Proteomics Platform (ProteoRed-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Carlos III Networked Proteomics Platform (ProteoRed-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bárcena
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Monika Gonzalez-Lopez
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana M Aransay
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Di Domenico
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel A Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Transgénesis, Nucleus, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sònia Guil
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Germans Trias I Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yuri Motorin
- Université de Lorraine, UAR2008 IBSLor CNRS-UL-INSERM, Biopôle UL, 9, Avenue de La Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, UMR7365 IMoPA CNRS-UL, Biopôle UL, 9, Avenue de La Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, TO, Italy
- William N. Pennington Cancer Center, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Basurto University Hospital, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P. O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sandra Blanco
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Bld, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
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7
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Atobatele AG, Tonoli E, Vadakekolathu J, Savoca MP, Barr M, Kataria Y, Rossanese M, Burhan I, McArdle S, Caccamo D, Verderio EAM. Canonical and truncated transglutaminase-2 regulate mucin-1 expression and androgen independency in prostate cancer cell lines. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:317. [PMID: 37160910 PMCID: PMC10170068 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Androgen independency is associated with poor prostate cancer (PCa) survival. Here we report that silencing of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) expression by CRISPR-Cas9 is associated with upregulation of androgen receptor (AR) transcription in PCa cell lines. Knockout of TG2 reversed the migratory potential and anchorage independency of PC3 and DU145 cells and revealed a reduced level of mucin-1 (MUC1) RNA transcript through unbiased multi-omics profiling, which was restored by selective add-back of the truncated TG2 isoform (TGM2_v2). Silencing of AR resulted into increased MUC1 in TG2KO PC3 cells showing that TG2 affects transcriptional regulation of MUC1 via repressing AR expression. Treatment of PC3 WT cell line with TG2 inhibitor ZDON led to a significant increase in AR expression and decrease in MUC1. ZDON also blocked the formation of MUC1-multimers labelled with TG amine-donor substrates in reducing conditions, revealing for the first time a role for TG2, which we show to be externalised via extracellular vesicles, in MUC1 stabilisation via calcium-dependent transamidation. A specific antibody towards TGM2_v2 revealed its restricted nuclear location compared to the canonical long form of TG2 (TGM2_v1), which is predominantly cytosolic, suggesting that this form contributes to the previously suggested TG2-mediated NF-κB activation and AR transcriptional repression. As TGM2_v2 transcription was increased in biopsies of early-stage prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) patients compared to subjects presenting inflammatory prostatitis, and total TG2 protein expression significantly increased in PRAD versus normal tissue, the role of TG2 and its truncated form as a prostate malignancy marker is suggested. In conclusion, this investigation has provided the first unbiased discovery of a novel pathway mediated by TG2 via MUC1, which is shown to contribute to androgen insensitivity and malignancy of PCa cells and be upregulated in PCa biopsies, with potential relevance to cancer immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Grace Atobatele
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Science Centre, School of Health, Science and Wellbeing, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DF, UK
| | - Elisa Tonoli
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Jayakumar Vadakekolathu
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Maria Pia Savoca
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Melissa Barr
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Yukti Kataria
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Marta Rossanese
- Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Polyclinic Hospital University, Via C. Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Izhar Burhan
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Stephanie McArdle
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences & Morpho-Functional Imaging, Polyclinic Hospital University, Via C. Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta A M Verderio
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
- Biological Sciences Department (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
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8
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Sandilands E, Freckmann EC, Cumming EM, Román-Fernández A, McGarry L, Anand J, Galbraith L, Mason S, Patel R, Nixon C, Cartwright J, Leung HY, Blyth K, Bryant DM. The small GTPase ARF3 controls invasion modality and metastasis by regulating N-cadherin levels. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202206115. [PMID: 36880595 PMCID: PMC9997661 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202206115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ARF GTPases are central regulators of membrane trafficking that control local membrane identity and remodeling facilitating vesicle formation. Unraveling their function is complicated by the overlapping association of ARFs with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and numerous interactors. Through a functional genomic screen of three-dimensional (3D) prostate cancer cell behavior, we explore the contribution of ARF GTPases, GEFs, GAPs, and interactors to collective invasion. This revealed that ARF3 GTPase regulates the modality of invasion, acting as a switch between leader cell-led chains of invasion or collective sheet movement. Functionally, the ability of ARF3 to control invasion modality is dependent on association and subsequent control of turnover of N-cadherin. In vivo, ARF3 levels acted as a rheostat for metastasis from intraprostatic tumor transplants and ARF3/N-cadherin expression can be used to identify prostate cancer patients with metastatic, poor-outcome disease. Our analysis defines a unique function for the ARF3 GTPase in controlling how cells collectively organize during invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Sandilands
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eva C. Freckmann
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Erin M. Cumming
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alvaro Román-Fernández
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hing Y. Leung
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - David M. Bryant
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
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9
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Arroyo-Berdugo Y, Sendino M, Greaves D, Nojszewska N, Idilli O, So CW, Di Silvio L, Quartey-Papafio R, Farzaneh F, Rodriguez JA, Calle Y. High Throughput Fluorescence-Based In Vitro Experimental Platform for the Identification of Effective Therapies to Overcome Tumour Microenvironment-Mediated Drug Resistance in AML. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1988. [PMID: 37046649 PMCID: PMC10093176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) leukemic stem cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment play a critical role during AML progression and resistance to drug treatments. Therefore, the identification of novel therapies requires drug-screening methods using in vitro co-culture models that closely recreate the cytoprotective BM setting. We have developed a new fluorescence-based in vitro co-culture system scalable to high throughput for measuring the concomitant effect of drugs on AML cells and the cytoprotective BM microenvironment. eGFP-expressing AML cells are co-cultured in direct contact with mCherry-expressing BM stromal cells for the accurate assessment of proliferation, viability, and signaling in both cell types. This model identified several efficacious compounds that overcome BM stroma-mediated drug resistance against daunorubicin, including the chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1/XPO1) inhibitor KPT-330. In silico analysis of genes co-expressed with CRM1, combined with in vitro experiments using our new methodology, also indicates that the combination of KPT-330 with the AURKA pharmacological inhibitor alisertib circumvents the cytoprotection of AML cells mediated by the BM stroma. This new experimental model and analysis provide a more precise screening method for developing improved therapeutics targeting AML cells within the cytoprotective BM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Arroyo-Berdugo
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Maria Sendino
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - David Greaves
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Natalia Nojszewska
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Orest Idilli
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Chi Wai So
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | - Farzin Farzaneh
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jose Antonio Rodriguez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Yolanda Calle
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK
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10
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Samaržija I, Trošelj KG, Konjevoda P. Prognostic Significance of Amino Acid Metabolism-Related Genes in Prostate Cancer Retrieved by Machine Learning. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041309. [PMID: 36831650 PMCID: PMC9954451 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the leading cancers according to both incidence and mortality. Due to the high molecular, morphological and clinical heterogeneity, the course of prostate cancer ranges from slow growth that usually does not require immediate therapeutic intervention to aggressive and fatal disease that spreads quickly. However, currently available biomarkers cannot precisely predict the course of a disease, and novel strategies are needed to guide prostate cancer management. Amino acids serve numerous roles in cancers, among which are energy production, building block reservoirs, maintenance of redox homeostasis, epigenetic regulation, immune system modulation and resistance to therapy. In this article, by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we found that the expression of amino acid metabolism-related genes is highly aberrant in prostate cancer, which holds potential to be exploited in biomarker design or in treatment strategies. This change in expression is especially evident for catabolism genes and transporters from the solute carrier family. Furthermore, by using recursive partitioning, we confirmed that the Gleason score is strongly prognostic for progression-free survival. However, the expression of the genes SERINC3 (phosphatidylserine and sphingolipids generation) and CSAD (hypotaurine generation) can refine prognosis for high and low Gleason scores, respectively. Therefore, our results hold potential for novel prostate cancer progression biomarkers.
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11
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Román-Fernández A, Mansour MA, Kugeratski FG, Anand J, Sandilands E, Galbraith L, Rakovic K, Freckmann EC, Cumming EM, Park J, Nikolatou K, Lilla S, Shaw R, Strachan D, Mason S, Patel R, McGarry L, Katoch A, Campbell KJ, Nixon C, Miller CJ, Leung HY, Le Quesne J, Norman JC, Zanivan S, Blyth K, Bryant DM. Spatial regulation of the glycocalyx component podocalyxin is a switch for prometastatic function. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eabq1858. [PMID: 36735782 PMCID: PMC9897673 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The glycocalyx component and sialomucin podocalyxin (PODXL) is required for normal tissue development by promoting apical membranes to form between cells, triggering lumen formation. Elevated PODXL expression is also associated with metastasis and poor clinical outcome in multiple tumor types. How PODXL presents this duality in effect remains unknown. We identify an unexpected function of PODXL as a decoy receptor for galectin-3 (GAL3), whereby the PODXL-GAL3 interaction releases GAL3 repression of integrin-based invasion. Differential cortical targeting of PODXL, regulated by ubiquitination, is the molecular mechanism controlling alternate fates. Both PODXL high and low surface levels occur in parallel subpopulations within cancer cells. Orthotopic intraprostatic xenograft of PODXL-manipulated cells or those with different surface levels of PODXL define that this axis controls metastasis in vivo. Clinically, interplay between PODXL-GAL3 stratifies prostate cancer patients with poor outcome. Our studies define the molecular mechanisms and context in which PODXL promotes invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Román-Fernández
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Mohammed A. Mansour
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- Cancer Biology and Therapy Lab, Division of Human Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Fernanda G. Kugeratski
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | | | - Emma Sandilands
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Kai Rakovic
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Eva C. Freckmann
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Erin M. Cumming
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ji Park
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Konstantina Nikolatou
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Robin Shaw
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Susan Mason
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | | | - Archana Katoch
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Colin Nixon
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Crispin J. Miller
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Hing Y. Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - John Le Quesne
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - James C. Norman
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David M. Bryant
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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12
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Creighton CJ. Gene Expression Profiles in Cancers and Their Therapeutic Implications. Cancer J 2023; 29:9-14. [PMID: 36693152 PMCID: PMC9881750 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The vast amount of gene expression profiling data of bulk tumors and cell lines available in the public domain represents a tremendous resource. For any major cancer type, expression data can identify molecular subtypes, predict patient outcome, identify markers of therapeutic response, determine the functional consequences of somatic mutation, and elucidate the biology of metastatic and advanced cancers. This review provides a broad overview of gene expression profiling in cancer (which may include transcriptome and proteome levels) and the types of findings made using these data. This review also provides specific examples of accessing public cancer gene expression data sets and generating unique views of the data and the resulting genes of interest. These examples involve pan-cancer molecular subtyping, metabolism-associated expression correlates of patient survival involving multiple cancer types, and gene expression correlates of chemotherapy response in breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad J. Creighton
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Zhao Z, Cai Z, Jiang T, Han J, Zhang B. Histone Chaperones and Digestive Cancer: A Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225584. [PMID: 36428674 PMCID: PMC9688693 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of digestive cancer is expected to increase. Therefore, crucial for the prognosis of patients with these tumors is to identify early diagnostic markers or novel therapeutic targets. There is accumulating evidence connecting histone chaperones to the pathogenesis of digestive cancer. Histone chaperones are now broadly defined as a class of proteins that bind histones and regulate nucleosome assembly. Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple histone chaperones are aberrantly expressed and have distinct roles in digestive cancers. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to present the current evidence regarding the role of histone chaperones in digestive cancer, particularly their mechanism in the development and progression of esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. In addition, the prognostic significance of particular histone chaperones in patients with digestive cancer is discussed. METHODS According to PRISMA guidelines, we searched the PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases to identify studies on histone chaperones and digestive cancer from inception until June 2022. RESULTS A total of 104 studies involving 21 histone chaperones were retrieved. CONCLUSIONS This review confirms the roles and mechanisms of selected histone chaperones in digestive cancer and suggests their significance as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, due to their non-specificity, more research on histone chaperones should be conducted in the future to elucidate novel strategies of histone chaperones for prognosis and treatment of digestive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Division of Gastric Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Division of Gastric Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianxiang Jiang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Division of Gastric Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Division of Gastric Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +86-28-854-228-72
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14
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Bogdanova NV, Radmanesh H, Ramachandran D, Knoechelmann AC, Christiansen H, Derlin T, von Klot CAJ, Merten R, Henkenberens C. The Prognostic Value of Liquid Biopsies for Benefit of Salvage Radiotherapy in Relapsed Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174095. [PMID: 36077632 PMCID: PMC9454496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Around 30% of patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer relapse will benefit from local PET/CT-guided ablative radiotherapy (RT) with improved progression-free and ADT (Androgene Deprivation Therapy)-free survivals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for predictive testing for therapeutic benefits prior to initiation. Various tests have already been established on tumor specimens for the prediction of prostate cancer’s behavior or therapy outcome. However, in imaging-proven relapse tumor tissue from the local recurrence or metastases is often not available. Hence, there is a need for a liquid biopsy-based testing. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of CTCs- associated mRNA and blood-derived RNA for the benefit of PSMA PET-guided salvage RT in oligometastatic prostate cancer relapses. Significant correlations were found between the relative transcript levels of several investigated genes and clinicopathological parameters. Furthermore, distinct “transcriptional signatures” were found in patients with temporary and long-term benefits from RT. Abstract To assess the prognostic value of “liquid biopsies” for the benefit of salvage RT in oligometastatic prostate cancer relapse, we enrolled 44 patients in the study between the years 2016 and 2020. All the patients were diagnosed as having an oligometastatic prostate cancer relapse on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET-CT and underwent irradiation at the Department of Radiotherapy at the Hannover Medical School. Tumor cells and total RNA, enriched from the liquid biopsies of patients, were processed for the subsequent quantification analysis of relative transcript levels in real-time PCR. In total, 54 gene transcripts known or suggested to be associated with prostate cancer or treatment outcome were prioritized for analysis. We found significant correlations between the relative transcript levels of several investigated genes and the Gleason score, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) value, or UICC stage (tumor node metastasis -TNM classification of malignant tumors from Union for International Cancer Control). Furthermore, a significant association of MTCO2, FOXM1, SREBF1, HOXB7, FDXR, and MTRNR transcript profiles was found with a temporary and/or long-term benefit from RT. Further studies on larger patients cohorts are necessary to prove our preliminary findings for establishing liquid biopsy tests as a predictive examination method prior to salvage RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Bogdanova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hoda Radmanesh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dhanya Ramachandran
- Gynecology Research Unit, Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hans Christiansen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorsten Derlin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Roland Merten
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-511-532-3590
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15
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Dong HY, Ding L, Zhou TR, Yan T, Li J, Liang C. FOXA1 in prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2022; 25:287-295. [PMID: 36018068 DOI: 10.4103/aja202259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Most prostate cancers initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). With the long-term application of ADT, localized prostate cancer will progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), metastatic CRPC (mCRPC), and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), and the transcriptional network shifted. Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) may play a key role in this process through multiple mechanisms. To better understand the role of FOXA1 in prostate cancer, we review the interplay among FOXA1-targeted genes, modulators of FOXA1, and FOXA1 with a particular emphasis on androgen receptor (AR) function. Furthermore, we discuss the distinct role of FOXA1 mutations in prostate cancer and clinical significance of FOXA1. We summarize possible regulation pathways of FOXA1 in different stages of prostate cancer. We focus on links between FOXA1 and AR, which may play different roles in various types of prostate cancer. Finally, we discuss FOXA1 mutation and its clinical significance in prostate cancer. FOXA1 regulates the development of prostate cancer through various pathways, and it could be a biomarker for mCRPC and NEPC. Future efforts need to focus on mechanisms underlying mutation of FOXA1 in advanced prostate cancer. We believe that FOXA1 would be a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tian-Ren Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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16
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Wenta T, Schmidt A, Zhang Q, Devarajan R, Singh P, Yang X, Ahtikoski A, Vaarala M, Wei GH, Manninen A. Disassembly of α6β4-mediated hemidesmosomal adhesions promotes tumorigenesis in PTEN-negative prostate cancer by targeting plectin to focal adhesions. Oncogene 2022; 41:3804-3820. [PMID: 35773413 PMCID: PMC9307480 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Loss of α6β4-dependent hemidesmosomal adhesions has been observed during prostate cancer progression. However, the significance and underlying mechanisms by which aberrant hemidesmosome assembly may modulate tumorigenesis remain elusive. Using an extensive CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic engineering approaches in different prostate cancer cell lines combined with in vivo tumorigenesis studies in mice, bone marrow-on-chip assays and bioinformatics, as well as histological analysis of prostate cancer patient cohorts, we demonstrated that simultaneous loss of PTEN and hemidesmosomal adhesions induced several tumorigenic properties including proliferation, migration, resistance to anoikis, apoptosis, and drug treatment in vitro, and increased metastatic capacity in vivo. These effects were plectin-depended and plectin was associated with actin-rich adhesions upon hemidesmosome disruption in PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells leading to activation of EGFR/PI3K/Akt- and FAK/Src-pathways. These results suggest that analysis of PTEN and hemidesmosomal proteins may have diagnostic value helping to stratify prostate cancer patients with high risk for development of aggressive disease and highlight actin-associated plectin as a potential therapeutic target specifically in PTEN/hemidesmosome dual-negative prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wenta
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anette Schmidt
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Qin Zhang
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raman Devarajan
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Xiayun Yang
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Ahtikoski
- Departments of Urology, Pathology and Radiology, and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Vaarala
- Departments of Urology, Pathology and Radiology, and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gong-Hong Wei
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aki Manninen
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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17
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Trigos AS, Pasam A, Banks P, Wallace R, Guo C, Keam S, Thorne H, Mitchell C, Lade S, Clouston D, Hakansson A, Liu Y, Blyth B, Murphy D, Lawrentschuk N, Bolton D, Moon D, Darcy P, Haupt Y, Williams SG, Castro E, Olmos D, Goode D, Neeson P, Sandhu S. Tumor immune microenvironment of primary prostate cancer with and without germline mutations in homologous recombination repair genes. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003744. [PMID: 35764368 PMCID: PMC9240881 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes are emerging as important biomarkers for personalized treatment in prostate cancer (PCa). HRR deficiency (HRD) could affect the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), potentially contributing to differential responses to poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Spatial distribution of immune cells in a range of cancers identifies novel disease subtypes and is related to prognosis. In this study we aimed to determine the differences in the TIME of PCa with and without germline (g) HRR mutations. METHODS We performed gene expression analysis, multiplex immunohistochemistry of T and B cells and quantitative spatial analysis of PCa samples from 36 patients with gHRD and 26 patients with sporadic PCa. Samples were archival tumor tissue from radical prostatectomies with the exception of one biopsy. Results were validated in several independent cohorts. RESULTS Although the composition of the T cell and B cells was similar in the tumor areas of gHRD-mutated and sporadic tumors, the spatial profiles differed between these cohorts. We describe two T-cell spatial profiles across primary PCa, a clustered immune spatial (CIS) profile characterized by dense clusters of CD4+ T cells closely interacting with PD-L1+ cells, and a free immune spatial (FIS) profile of CD8+ cells in close proximity to tumor cells. gHRD tumors had a more T-cell inflamed microenvironment than sporadic tumors. The CIS profile was mainly observed in sporadic tumors, whereas a FIS profile was enriched in gHRD tumors. A FIS profile was associated with lower Gleason scores, smaller tumors and longer time to biochemical recurrence and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS gHRD-mutated tumors have a distinct immune microenvironment compared with sporadic tumors. Spatial profiling of T-cells provides additional information beyond T-cell density and is associated with time to biochemical recurrence, time to metastasis, tumor size and Gleason scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sofia Trigos
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anupama Pasam
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patricia Banks
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roslyn Wallace
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina Guo
- Institute of Cancer Research Sutton, Sutton, Surrey, UK,Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, Sutton, London, UK
| | - Simon Keam
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heather Thorne
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - kConFab
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Lade
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Yang Liu
- Veracyte Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Blyth
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Declan Murphy
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Daniel Moon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phil Darcy
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott G Williams
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elena Castro
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - David Olmos
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga, Malaga, Spain,Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Goode
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Neeson
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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18
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Nevedomskaya E, Haendler B. From Omics to Multi-Omics Approaches for In-Depth Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116281. [PMID: 35682963 PMCID: PMC9181488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer arises following alterations at different cellular levels, including genetic and epigenetic modifications, transcription and translation dysregulation, as well as metabolic variations. High-throughput omics technologies that allow one to identify and quantify processes involved in these changes are now available and have been instrumental in generating a wealth of steadily increasing data from patient tumors, liquid biopsies, and from tumor models. Extensive investigation and integration of these data have led to new biological insights into the origin and development of multiple cancer types and helped to unravel the molecular networks underlying this complex pathology. The comprehensive and quantitative analysis of a molecule class in a biological sample is named omics and large-scale omics studies addressing different prostate cancer stages have been performed in recent years. Prostate tumors represent the second leading cancer type and a prevalent cause of cancer death in men worldwide. It is a very heterogenous disease so that evaluating inter- and intra-tumor differences will be essential for a precise insight into disease development and plasticity, but also for the development of personalized therapies. There is ample evidence for the key role of the androgen receptor, a steroid hormone-activated transcription factor, in driving early and late stages of the disease, and this led to the development and approval of drugs addressing diverse targets along this pathway. Early genomic and transcriptomic studies have allowed one to determine the genes involved in prostate cancer and regulated by androgen signaling or other tumor-relevant signaling pathways. More recently, they have been supplemented by epigenomic, cistromic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses, thus, increasing our knowledge on the intricate mechanisms involved, the various levels of regulation and their interplay. The comprehensive investigation of these omics approaches and their integration into multi-omics analyses have led to a much deeper understanding of the molecular pathways involved in prostate cancer progression, and in response and resistance to therapies. This brings the hope that novel vulnerabilities will be identified, that existing therapies will be more beneficial by targeting the patient population likely to respond best, and that bespoke treatments with increased efficacy will be available soon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard Haendler
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-2215-41198; Fax: +49-30-468-18069
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19
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Moody L, Xu GB, Pan YX, Chen H. Genome-wide cross-cancer analysis illustrates the critical role of bimodal miRNA in patient survival and drug responses to PI3K inhibitors. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010109. [PMID: 35639779 PMCID: PMC9187341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of cancer means many tumorigenic genes are only aberrantly expressed in a subset of patients and thus follow a bimodal distribution, having two modes of expression within a single population. Traditional statistical techniques that compare sample means between cancer patients and healthy controls fail to detect bimodally expressed genes. We utilize a mixture modeling approach to identify bimodal microRNA (miRNA) across cancers, find consistent sources of heterogeneity, and identify potential oncogenic miRNA that may be used to guide personalized therapies. Pathway analysis was conducted using target genes of the bimodal miRNA to identify potential functional implications in cancer. In vivo overexpression experiments were conducted to elucidate the clinical importance of bimodal miRNA in chemotherapy treatments. In nine types of cancer, tumors consistently displayed greater bimodality than normal tissue. Specifically, in liver and lung cancers, high expression of miR-105 and miR-767 was indicative of poor prognosis. Functional pathway analysis identified target genes of miR-105 and miR-767 enriched in the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, and analysis of over 200 cancer drugs in vitro showed that drugs targeting the same pathway had greater efficacy in cell lines with high miR-105 and miR-767 levels. Overexpression of the two miRNA facilitated response to PI3K inhibitor treatment. We demonstrate that while cancer is marked by considerable genetic heterogeneity, there is between-cancer concordance regarding the particular miRNA that are more variable. Bimodal miRNA are ideal biomarkers that can be used to stratify patients for prognosis and drug response in certain types of cancer. Bimodal genes can be defined as those having two modes of expression within the same population. A variety of statistical methodologies have been employed to assess bimodal gene expression, but current methods and their applications have been limited. Given the advances in next-generation sequencing as well as the extensive regulatory role of miRNA, assessing bimodality in miRNA-seq data can greatly broaden our understanding of factors underlying tumor progression. The goal of the current study was to utilize a novel mixture modeling approach to identify bimodal miRNA and then demonstrate their importance in cancer by evaluating their ability to predict overall survival and drug response. Our results showed that high levels of bimodal miRNA expression was characteristic of cancer. Additionally, several bimodal miRNA were common to multiple cancer types, suggesting that certain miRNA consistently account for tumor heterogeneity and may be involved in general oncogenic processes. Our study points to the potential of bimodal miRNA to facilitate precise prognostic evaluation and effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moody
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Guanying Bianca Xu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hong Chen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Glinsky GV, Godugu K, Sudha T, Rajabi M, Chittur SV, Hercbergs AA, Mousa SA, Davis PJ. Effects of Anticancer Agent P-bi-TAT on Gene Expression Link the Integrin Thyroid Hormone Receptor to Expression of Stemness and Energy Metabolism Genes in Cancer Cells. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040325. [PMID: 35448512 PMCID: PMC9029602 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified forms of tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), an L-thyroxine derivative, have been shown to exert their anticancer activity at plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 of tumor cells. Via a specific hormone receptor on the integrin, tetrac-based therapeutic agents modulate expression of genes relevant to cancer cell proliferation, survival and energy metabolism. P-bi-TAT, a novel bivalent tetrac-containing synthetic compound has anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other types of human cancers. In the current study, microarray analysis was carried out on a primary culture of human GBM cells exposed to P-bi-TAT (10−6 tetrac equivalent) for 24 h. P-bi-TAT significantly affected expression of a large panel of genes implicated in cancer cell stemness, growth, survival and angiogenesis. Recent interest elsewhere in ATP synthase as a target in GBM cells caused us to focus attention on expression of genes involved in energy metabolism. Significantly downregulated transcripts included multiple energy-metabolism-related genes: electron transport chain genes ATP5A1 (ATP synthase 1), ATP51, ATP5G2, COX6B1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1), NDUFA8 (NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) FA8), NDUFV2I and other NDUF genes. The NDUF and ATP genes are also relevant to control of oxidative phosphorylation and transcription. Qualitatively similar actions of P-bi-TAT on expression of subsets of energy-metabolism-linked genes were also detected in established human GBM and pancreatic cancer cell lines. In conclusion, acting at αvβ3 integrin, P-bi-TAT caused downregulation in human cancer cells of expression of a large number of genes involved in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. These observations suggest that cell surface thyroid hormone receptors on αvβ3 regulate expression of genes relevant to tumor cell stemness and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi V. Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
- Correspondence: (G.V.G.); (P.J.D.); Tel.: +1-858-401-3470 (G.V.G.); +1-518-428-7848 (P.J.D.); Fax: +1-518-694-7567 (P.J.D.)
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Mehdi Rajabi
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Sridar V. Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA;
| | | | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
- Correspondence: (G.V.G.); (P.J.D.); Tel.: +1-858-401-3470 (G.V.G.); +1-518-428-7848 (P.J.D.); Fax: +1-518-694-7567 (P.J.D.)
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21
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Triazole Modified Tetraiodothyroacetic Acid Conjugated to Polyethylene Glycol, a Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Antagonist as a Radio- and Chemo-Sensitizer in Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040795. [PMID: 35453545 PMCID: PMC9032383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone L thyroxine stimulates pancreatic carcinoma cell proliferation via thyrointegrin αvβ3 receptors, and antagonist tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) inhibits cancer cell growth. Chemically modified bis-triazole-tetrac conjugated with polyethylene glycol (P-bi-TAT) has higher binding affinity to αvβ3 receptors compared to tetrac. We investigated the antiproliferation effect of P-bi-TAT in pancreatic cancer cells (SUIT2) and its radio- and chemo-sensitizing roles in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. P-bi-TAT treatment increased tumor-targeted radiation-induced cell death and decreased tumor size. P-bi-TAT acted as a chemo-sensitizer and enhanced the 5-fluorouracil (5FU) effect in decreasing pancreatic tumor weight compared to 5FU monotherapy. Withdrawal of treatment continued the tumor regression; however, the 5FU group showed tumor regrowth. The mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of P-bi-TAT on SUIT2 cells were assessed by microarray experiments, and genome-wide profiling identified significant alterations of 1348 genes’ expression. Both down-regulated and up-regulated transcripts suggest that a molecular interference at the signaling pathway-associated gene expression is the prevalent mode of P-bi-TAT anti-cancer activity. Our data indicate that non-cytotoxic P-bi-TAT is not only an anti-cancer agent but also a radio-sensitizer and chemo-sensitizer that acts on the extracellular domain of the cell surface αvβ3 receptor.
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22
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Comprehensive quantitative analysis of alternative splicing variants reveals the HNF1B mRNA splicing pattern in various tumour and non-tumour tissues. Sci Rep 2022; 12:199. [PMID: 34997048 PMCID: PMC8741901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1-beta (HNF1B) is a transcription factor and putative biomarker of solid tumours. Recently, we have revealed a variety of HNF1B mRNA alternative splicing variants (ASVs) with unknown, but potentially regulatory, functions. The aim of our work was to quantify the most common variants and compare their expression in tumour and non-tumour tissues of the large intestine, prostate, and kidney. The HNF1B mRNA variants 3p, Δ7, Δ7–8, and Δ8 were expressed across all the analysed tissues in 28.2–33.5%, 1.5–2%, 0.8–1.7%, and 2.3–6.9% of overall HNF1B mRNA expression, respectively, and occurred individually or in combination. The quantitative changes of ASVs between tumour and non-tumour tissue were observed for the large intestine (3p, Δ7–8), prostate (3p), and kidney samples (Δ7). Decreased expression of the overall HNF1B mRNA in the large intestine and prostate cancer samples compared with the corresponding non-tumour samples was observed (p = 0.019 and p = 0.047, respectively). The decreased mRNA expression correlated with decreased protein expression in large intestine carcinomas (p < 0.001). The qualitative and quantitative pattern of the ASVs studied by droplet digital PCR was confirmed by next-generation sequencing, which suggests the significance of the NGS approach for further massive evaluation of the splicing patterns in a variety of genes.
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23
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Exploring the Value of BRD9 as a Biomarker, Therapeutic Target and Co-Target in Prostate Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121794. [PMID: 34944438 PMCID: PMC8698755 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Despite recent advances in advanced prostate cancer treatments, clinical biomarkers or treatments for men with such cancers are imperfect. Targeted therapies have shown promise, but there remain fewer actionable targets in prostate cancer than in other cancers. This work aims to characterise BRD9, currently understudied in prostate cancer, and investigate its co-expression with other genes to assess its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in human prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Omics data from a total of 2053 prostate cancer patients across 11 independent datasets were accessed via Cancertool and cBioPortal. mRNA M.expression and co-expression, mutations, amplifications, and deletions were assessed with respect to key clinical parameters including survival, Gleason grade, stage, progression, and treatment. Network and pathway analysis was carried out using Genemania, and heatmaps were constructed using Morpheus. Results: BRD9 is overexpressed in prostate cancer patients, especially those with metastatic disease. BRD9 expression did not differ in patients treated with second generation antiandrogens versus those who were not. BRD9 is co-expressed with many genes in the SWI/SNF and BET complexes, as well as those in common signalling pathways in prostate cancer. Summary and conclusions: BRD9 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer. BRD9 also shows promise as a therapeutic target, particularly in advanced prostate cancer, and as a co-target alongside other genes in the SWI/SNF and BET complexes, and those in common prostate cancer signalling pathways. These promising results highlight the need for wider experimental inhibition and co-targeted inhibition of BRD9 in vitro and in vivo, to build on the limited inhibition data available.
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24
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Haffner MC, Bhamidipati A, Tsai HK, Esopi DM, Vaghasia AM, Low JY, Patel RA, Guner G, Pham MT, Castagna N, Hicks J, Wyhs N, Aebersold R, De Marzo AM, Nelson WG, Guo T, Yegnasubramanian S. Phenotypic characterization of two novel cell line models of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2021; 81:1159-1171. [PMID: 34402095 PMCID: PMC8460612 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to androgen deprivation therapies is a major driver of mortality in advanced prostate cancer. Therefore, there is a need to develop new preclinical models that allow the investigation of resistance mechanisms and the assessment of drugs for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. METHODS We generated two novel cell line models (LAPC4-CR and VCaP-CR) which were derived by passaging LAPC4 and VCaP cells in vivo and in vitro under castrate conditions. We performed detailed transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and proteomic analyses (SWATH-MS) to delineate expression differences between castration-sensitive and castration-resistant cell lines. Furthermore, we characterized the in vivo and in vitro growth characteristics of these novel cell line models. RESULTS The two cell line derivatives LAPC4-CR and VCaP-CR showed castration-resistant growth in vitro and in vivo which was only minimally inhibited by AR antagonists, enzalutamide, and bicalutamide. High-dose androgen treatment resulted in significant growth arrest of VCaP-CR but not in LAPC4-CR cells. Both cell lines maintained AR expression, but exhibited distinct expression changes on the mRNA and protein level. Integrated analyses including data from LNCaP and the previously described castration-resistant LNCaP-abl cells revealed an expression signature of castration resistance. CONCLUSIONS The two novel cell line models LAPC4-CR and VCaP-CR and their comprehensive characterization on the RNA and protein level represent important resources to study the molecular mechanisms of castration resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Akshay Bhamidipati
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Harrison K. Tsai
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M. Esopi
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ajay M. Vaghasia
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jin-Yih Low
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Radhika A. Patel
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gunes Guner
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Minh-Tam Pham
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Nicole Castagna
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jessica Hicks
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicolas Wyhs
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Zürich, Zürich. Switzerland
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, USA
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25
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Camacho L, Zabala-Letona A, Cortazar AR, Astobiza I, Dominguez-Herrera A, Ercilla A, Crespo J, Viera C, Fernández-Ruiz S, Martinez-Gonzalez A, Torrano V, Martín-Martín N, Gomez-Muñoz A, Carracedo A. Identification of Androgen Receptor Metabolic Correlome Reveals the Repression of Ceramide Kinase by Androgens. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174307. [PMID: 34503116 PMCID: PMC8431577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers in men. Androgen receptor signaling plays a major role in this disease, and androgen deprivation therapy is a common therapeutic strategy in recurrent disease. Sphingolipid metabolism plays a central role in cell death, survival, and therapy resistance in cancer. Ceramide kinase (CERK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of ceramide to ceramide 1-phosphate, which regulates various cellular functions including cell growth and migration. Here we show that activated androgen receptor (AR) is a repressor of CERK expression. We undertook a bioinformatics strategy using PCa transcriptomics datasets to ascertain the metabolic alterations associated with AR activity. CERK was among the most prominent negatively correlated genes in our analysis. Interestingly, we demonstrated through various experimental approaches that activated AR reduces the mRNA expression of CERK: (i) expression of CERK is predominant in cell lines with low or negative AR activity; (ii) AR agonist and antagonist repress and induce CERK mRNA expression, respectively; (iii) orchiectomy in wildtype mice or mice with PCa (harboring prostate-specific Pten deletion) results in elevated Cerk mRNA levels in prostate tissue. Mechanistically, we found that AR represses CERK through interaction with its regulatory elements and that the transcriptional repressor EZH2 contributes to this process. In summary, we identify a repressive mode of AR that influences the expression of CERK in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camacho
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48040 Bilbao, Spain; (A.D.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Amaia Zabala-Letona
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana R. Cortazar
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ianire Astobiza
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Asier Dominguez-Herrera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48040 Bilbao, Spain; (A.D.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Amaia Ercilla
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jana Crespo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Cristina Viera
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Sonia Fernández-Ruiz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Martinez-Gonzalez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Veronica Torrano
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48040 Bilbao, Spain; (A.D.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Martín-Martín
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez-Muñoz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48040 Bilbao, Spain; (A.D.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.C.); (A.Z.-L.); (A.R.C.); (I.A.); (A.E.); (J.C.); (C.V.); (S.F.-R.); (A.M.-G.); (V.T.); (N.M.-M.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48040 Bilbao, Spain; (A.D.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Liu N, Han Y, Ding H, Huang K, Wei P, Wang L. Objective and comprehensive re-evaluation of anxiety-like behaviors in mice using the Behavior Atlas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 559:1-7. [PMID: 33932895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various animal models of anxiety have been developed to evaluate anxiety and anxiolytic drugs. However, non-uniform measuring paradigms, variability in apparatus use and individual differences in animals confound study results. In this study, when all animals were included in the data analysis, we found no significant differences between control and stressed mice using standard behavioral paradigms for assessing anxiety (elevated plus maze and open field test). To provide a better assessment of anxiety, we therefore used a machine learning approach to analyze the behavioral patterns of each animal, and selected typical subjects in each group for use as a training set according to classical anxiety parameters. Spontaneous behaviors in these animals were captured by multi-view cameras and decomposed into sub-second modules using Behavior Atlas, and six behavioral features providing statistically significant difference between stressed and control mice were identified. Combined with low-dimensional embedding and clustering, new features were used to discriminate stressed mice from controls, in both the training set and all objects. Our results show Behavior Atlas is a powerful approach for identifying new potential biomarkers in an unbiased fashion. Our approach can complement classical measuring paradigms to objectively and comprehensively evaluate anxiety-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaning Han
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kang Huang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Sant’Anna-Silva ACB, Perez-Valencia JA, Sciacovelli M, Lalou C, Sarlak S, Tronci L, Nikitopoulou E, Meszaros AT, Frezza C, Rossignol R, Gnaiger E, Klocker H. Succinate Anaplerosis Has an Onco-Driving Potential in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071727. [PMID: 33917317 PMCID: PMC8038717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Depending on the availability of nutrients and increased metabolic demands, tumor cells rearrange their metabolism to survive and, ultimately, proliferate. Here, the authors investigated the effect of succinate, a metabolite of the mitochondrial citric acid cycle, on malignant and non-malignant prostate cells. They analyzed uptake through membrane transporters and intracellular accumulation, which subsequently fuels metabolism and enhances oncogenic properties of the tumor cells. The findings shed light to the metabolic adaptations that prostate tumor cells undergo, providing a better understanding of metabolic rewiring and strategies for therapeutic intervention. Abstract Tumor cells display metabolic alterations when compared to non-transformed cells. These characteristics are crucial for tumor development, maintenance and survival providing energy supplies and molecular precursors. Anaplerosis is the property of replenishing the TCA cycle, the hub of carbon metabolism, participating in the biosynthesis of precursors for building blocks or signaling molecules. In advanced prostate cancer, an upshift of succinate-driven oxidative phosphorylation via mitochondrial Complex II was reported. Here, using untargeted metabolomics, we found succinate accumulation mainly in malignant cells and an anaplerotic effect contributing to biosynthesis, amino acid, and carbon metabolism. Succinate also stimulated oxygen consumption. Malignant prostate cells displayed higher mitochondrial affinity for succinate when compared to non-malignant prostate cells and the succinate-driven accumulation of metabolites induced expression of mitochondrial complex subunits and their activities. Moreover, extracellular succinate stimulated migration, invasion, and colony formation. Several enzymes linked to accumulated metabolites in the malignant cells were found upregulated in tumor tissue datasets, particularly NME1 and SHMT2 mRNA expression. High expression of the two genes was associated with shorter disease-free survival in prostate cancer cohorts. Moreover, in-vitro expression of both genes was enhanced in prostate cancer cells upon succinate stimulation. In conclusion, the data indicate that uptake of succinate from the tumor environment has an anaplerotic effect that enhances the malignant potential of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina B. Sant’Anna-Silva
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (A.T.M.); (E.G.)
- Oroboros Instruments GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (A.C.B.S.-S.); (H.K.)
| | | | - Marco Sciacovelli
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; (M.S.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Claude Lalou
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1211, Bordeaux University, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.L.); (S.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Saharnaz Sarlak
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1211, Bordeaux University, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.L.); (S.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Laura Tronci
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; (M.S.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Efterpi Nikitopoulou
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; (M.S.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Andras T. Meszaros
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (A.T.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; (M.S.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Rodrigue Rossignol
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1211, Bordeaux University, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (C.L.); (S.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (A.T.M.); (E.G.)
- Oroboros Instruments GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Department of Surgery, Division of Experimental Urology, University Hospital for Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (A.C.B.S.-S.); (H.K.)
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28
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Glinsky GV. Genomics-Guided Drawing of Molecular and Pathophysiological Components of Malignant Regulatory Signatures Reveals a Pivotal Role in Human Diseases of Stem Cell-Associated Retroviral Sequences and Functionally-Active hESC Enhancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638363. [PMID: 33869024 PMCID: PMC8044830 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive DNA sequences (repeats) colonized two-third of human genome and a majority of repeats comprised of transposable genetic elements (TE). Evolutionary distinct categories of TE represent nucleic acid sequences that are repeatedly copied from and pasted into chromosomes at multiple genomic locations and acquired a multitude of regulatory functions. Here, genomics-guided maps of stemness regulatory signatures were drawn to dissect the contribution of TE to clinical manifestations of malignant phenotypes of human cancers. From patients’ and physicians’ perspectives, the clinical definition of a tumor’s malignant phenotype could be restricted to the early diagnosis of sub-types of malignancies with the increased risk of existing therapy failure and high likelihood of death from cancer. It is the viewpoint from which the understanding of stemness and malignant regulatory signatures is considered in this contribution. Genomics-guided analyses of experimental and clinical observations revealed the pivotal role of human stem cell-associated retroviral sequences (SCARS) in the origin and pathophysiology of clinically-lethal malignancies. SCARS were defined as the evolutionary- and biologically-related family of genomic regulatory sequences, the principal physiological function of which is to create and maintain the stemness phenotype during human preimplantation embryogenesis. For cell differentiation to occur, SCARS expression must be silenced and SCARS activity remains repressed in most terminally-differentiated human cells which are destined to perform specialized functions in the human body. Epigenetic reprogramming, de-repression, and sustained activity of SCARS results in various differentiation-defective phenotypes. One of the most prominent tissue- and organ-specific clinical manifestations of sustained SCARS activities is diagnosed as a pathological condition defined by a consensus of morphological, molecular, and genetic examinations as the malignant growth. Here, contemporary evidence are acquired, analyzed, and reported defining both novel diagnostic tools and druggable molecular targets readily amenable for diagnosis and efficient therapeutic management of clinically-lethal malignancies. These diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are based on monitoring of high-fidelity molecular signals of continuing SCARS activities in conjunction with genomic regulatory networks of thousands’ functionally-active embryonic enhancers affecting down-stream phenotype-altering genetic loci. Collectively, reported herein observations support a model of SCARS-activation triggered singular source code facilitating the intracellular propagation and intercellular (systemic) dissemination of disease states in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi V Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Functional & Translational Genomics, OncoSCAR, Inc., Portland, OR, United States
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Can PSMA-based tumor burden predict response to docetaxel treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer? Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:680-690. [PMID: 33783752 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-021-01610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the role of PSMA-derived tumor burden in predicting docetaxel (DTX) therapy response in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS Fifty-two mCRPC patients who received at least six cycles of DTX as the first-line treatment following 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT were enrolled in this retrospective study. Total PSMA-derived tumor volume (TV-PSMA) and total lesion PSMA activity (TL-PSMA) were derived from metastatic lesions. A ≥ 50% decline in PSA was defined as a response; a ≥ 25% increase in PSA was defined as progression. Univariate/multivariate logistic and cox regression analyses were performed to predict PSA response, OS, and TTP. RESULTS Twelve (23%) patients had PSA progression after chemotherapy, while 40 patients (77%) achieved a PSA response. On univariate analysis, a significant association was found between TV-PSMA (p = 0.001), TL-PSMA (p = 0.001), pre-PSA (p = 0.012), LDH (p = 0.003), Hg (p = 0.035), and PSA response to DTX. High TV-PSMA (> 107 cm3) (p = 0.04) and high LDH (> 234 U/L) (p = 0.017) were 8.2 times and 12.2 times more likely for DTX failure in multivariate regression analyses. The median TTP was 16 months, and the median OS was not reached. Patients with high TV-PSMA (p = 0.017), high TL-PSMA (> 1013 cm3) (p = 0.042), high age (> 70 years) (p = 0.016), and high LDH (p ≤ 0.001) had significantly shorter OS, while only high TV-PSMA (p = 0.038) and high age (p = 0.006) were significantly related with shorter TTP. High TV-PSMA (p = 0.017) and high age (p = 0.01) were significant predictors for shorter OS, while only high age (p = 0.006) was a significant predictor for shorter TTP in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Patients with high TV-PSMA had a significantly higher risk for DTX failure. PSMA-based tumor burden prior to DTX therapy seems to be a reliable predictive tool for survival in mCRPC patients.
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30
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Five candidate biomarkers associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227898. [PMID: 33616161 PMCID: PMC7955105 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most general gynecological malignancies and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to select candidate genes related to the diagnosis and prognosis of CC. Methods: The mRNA expression profile datasets were downloaded. We also downloaded RNA-sequencing gene expression data and related clinical materials from TCGA, which included 307 CC samples and 3 normal samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by R software. GO function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed in the DAVID dataset. Using machine learning, the optimal diagnostic mRNA biomarkers for CC were identified. We used qRT-PCR and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database to exhibit the differences in gene and protein levels of candidate genes. Results: A total of 313 DEGs were screened from the microarray expression profile datasets. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), Chromatin Assembly Factor 1, subunit B (CHAF1B), Chromatin Assembly Factor 1, subunit A (CHAF1A), MCM2, CDKN2A were identified as optimal diagnostic mRNA biomarkers for CC. Additionally, the GEPIA database showed that the DNMT1, CHAF1B, CHAF1A, MCM2 and CDKN2A were associated with the poor survival of CC patients. HPA database and qRT-PCR confirmed that these genes were highly expressed in CC tissues. Conclusion: The present study identified five DEmRNAs, including DNMT1, CHAF1B, CHAF1A, MCM2 and Kinetochore-related protein 1 (KNTC1), as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of CC.
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Chandra S, Srinivasan S, Batra J. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta: A perspective in cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1791-1804. [PMID: 33580750 PMCID: PMC7940219 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1 β/B) exists as a homeobox transcription factor having a vital role in the embryonic development of organs mainly liver, kidney and pancreas. Initially described as a gene causing maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY), HNF1β expression deregulation and single nucleotide polymorphisms in HNF1β have now been associated with several tumours including endometrial, prostate, ovarian, hepatocellular, renal and colorectal cancers. Its function has been studied either as homodimer or heterodimer with HNF1α. In this review, the role of HNF1B in different cancers will be discussed along with the role of its splice variants, and its emerging role as a potential biomarker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Chandra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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32
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Liu MS, Zhao H, Xu CX, Xie PB, Wang W, Yang YY, Lee WH, Jin Y, Zhou HQ. Clinical significance of EPHX2 deregulation in prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2021; 23:109-115. [PMID: 32687069 PMCID: PMC7831821 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_34_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathway participates in various physiological processes as well as in the development of malignancies. We analyzed genomic alterations in AA metabolic enzymes in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) prostate cancer (PCa) dataset and found that the gene encoding soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) is frequently deleted in PCa. EPHX2 mRNA and protein expression in PCa was examined in multiple datasets by differential gene expression analysis and in a tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry. The expression data were analyzed in conjunction with clinicopathological variables. Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of EPHX2 were significantly decreased in tumors compared with normal prostate tissues and were inversely correlated with the Gleason grade and disease-free survival time. Furthermore, EPHX2 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in metastatic and recurrent PCa compared with localized and primary PCa, respectively. In addition, EPHX2 protein expression correlated negatively with Ki67 expression. In conclusion, EPHX2 deregulation is significantly correlated with the clinical characteristics of PCa progression and may serve as a prognostic marker for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Liu
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650332, China
| | - Chen-Xiang Xu
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Ping-Bo Xie
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Ying-Yu Yang
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lee
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
| | - Hong-Qing Zhou
- The Second Ward of Urology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing 655000, China
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33
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Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic remodellings in distinct cell types that contribute to human prostate cancer progression. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:87-98. [PMID: 33420488 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-00613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer shows remarkable clinical heterogeneity, which manifests in spatial and clonal genomic diversity. By contrast, the transcriptomic heterogeneity of prostate tumours is poorly understood. Here we have profiled the transcriptomes of 36,424 single cells from 13 prostate tumours and identified the epithelial cells underlying disease aggressiveness. The tumour microenvironment (TME) showed activation of multiple progression-associated transcriptomic programs. Notably, we observed promiscuous KLK3 expression and validated the ability of cancer cells in altering T-cell transcriptomes. Profiling of a primary tumour and two matched lymph nodes provided evidence that KLK3 ectopic expression is associated with micrometastases. Close cell-cell communication exists among cells. We identified an endothelial subset harbouring active communication (activated endothelial cells, aECs) with tumour cells. Together with sequencing of an additional 11 samples, we showed that aECs are enriched in castration-resistant prostate cancer and promote cancer cell invasion. Finally, we created a user-friendly web interface for users to explore the sequenced data.
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Karkampouna S, De Filippo MR, Ng CKY, Klima I, Zoni E, Spahn M, Stein F, Haberkant P, Thalmann GN, Kruithof-de Julio M. Stroma Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profile of Prostate Cancer Metastasis Xenograft Models Reveals Prognostic Value of Stroma Signatures. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123786. [PMID: 33334054 PMCID: PMC7768471 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance acquisition to androgen deprivation treatment and metastasis progression are a major clinical issue associated with prostate cancer (PCa). The role of stroma during disease progression is insufficiently defined. Using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses on differentially aggressive patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), we investigated whether PCa tumors predispose their microenvironment (stroma) to a metastatic gene expression pattern. RNA sequencing was performed on the PCa PDXs BM18 (castration-sensitive) and LAPC9 (castration-resistant), representing different disease stages. Using organism-specific reference databases, the human-specific transcriptome (tumor) was identified and separated from the mouse-specific transcriptome (stroma). To identify proteomic changes in the tumor (human) versus the stroma (mouse), we performed human/mouse cell separation and subjected protein lysates to quantitative Tandem Mass Tag labeling and mass spectrometry. Tenascin C (TNC) was among the most abundant stromal genes, modulated by androgen levels in vivo and highly expressed in castration-resistant LAPC9 PDX. The tissue microarray of primary PCa samples (n = 210) showed that TNC is a negative prognostic marker of the clinical progression to recurrence or metastasis. Stroma markers of osteoblastic PCa bone metastases seven-up signature were induced in the stroma by the host organism in metastatic xenografts, indicating conserved mechanisms of tumor cells to induce a stromal premetastatic signature. A 50-gene list stroma signature was identified based on androgen-dependent responses, which shows a linear association with the Gleason score, metastasis progression and progression-free survival. Our data show that metastatic PCa PDXs, which differ in androgen sensitivity, trigger differential stroma responses, which show the metastasis risk stratification and prognostic biomarker potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Karkampouna
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Maria R. De Filippo
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Charlotte K. Y. Ng
- Oncogenomics Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 40, 3008 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Irena Klima
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Eugenio Zoni
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Martin Spahn
- Lindenhofspital Bern, Prostate Center Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Per Haberkant
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.S.); (P.H.)
| | - George N. Thalmann
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Anna Seiler Haus, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (M.R.D.F.); (I.K.); (E.Z.); (G.N.T.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Anna Seiler Haus, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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35
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Liu B, Kumar R, Chao HP, Mehmood R, Ji Y, Tracz A, Tang DG. Evidence for context-dependent functions of KDM5B in prostate development and prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4243-4252. [PMID: 33245716 PMCID: PMC7679033 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Prostate tumorigenesis and PCa progression involve numerous genetic as well as epigenetic perturbations. Histone modification represents a fundamental epigenetic mechanism that regulates diverse cellular processes, and H3K4 methylation, one such histone modification associated with active transcription, can be reversed by dedicated histone demethylase KDM5B (JARID1B). Abnormal expression and functions of KDM5B have been implicated in several cancer types including PCa. Consistently, our bioinformatics analysis reveals that the KDM5B mRNA levels are upregulated in PCa compared to benign prostate tissues, and correlate with increased tumor grade and poor patient survival, supporting an oncogenic function of KDM5B in PCa. Surprisingly, however, when we generated prostate-specific conditional Kdm5b knockout mice using probasin (Pb) promoter-driven Cre: loxP system, we observed that Kdm5b deletion did not affect normal prostate development but instead induced mild hyperplasia. These results suggest that KDM5B may possess context-dependent roles in normal prostate development vs. PCa development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bigang Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hseuh-Ping Chao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, USA.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal University, Takhasusi Street, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Tracz
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, USA
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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36
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Wang YA, Sfakianos J, Tewari AK, Cordon-Cardo C, Kyprianou N. Molecular tracing of prostate cancer lethality. Oncogene 2020; 39:7225-7238. [PMID: 33046797 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is diagnosed mostly in men over the age of 50 years, and has favorable 5-year survival rates due to early cancer detection and availability of curative surgical management. However, progression to metastasis and emergence of therapeutic resistance are responsible for the majority of prostate cancer mortalities. Recent advancement in sequencing technologies and computational capabilities have improved the ability to organize and analyze large data, thus enabling the identification of novel biomarkers for survival, metastatic progression and patient prognosis. Large-scale sequencing studies have also uncovered genetic and epigenetic signatures associated with prostate cancer molecular subtypes, supporting the development of personalized targeted-therapies. However, the current state of mainstream prostate cancer management does not take full advantage of the personalized diagnostic and treatment modalities available. This review focuses on interrogating biomarkers of prostate cancer progression, including gene signatures that correspond to the acquisition of tumor lethality and those of predictive and prognostic value in progression to advanced disease, and suggest how we can use our knowledge of biomarkers and molecular subtypes to improve patient treatment and survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuo Alice Wang
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - John Sfakianos
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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37
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Panda M. Elephant search optimization combined with deep neural network for microarray data analysis. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY - COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jksuci.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Zhong L, Xie L, Yang Z, Li L, Song S, Cao D, Liu Y. Prognostic value of S1PR1 and its correlation with immune infiltrates in breast and lung cancers. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:766. [PMID: 32799825 PMCID: PMC7429796 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR1) is involved in vascular development, a key process in tumorigenesis. This study aimed to evaluate its roles in tumor development and prognosis. METHODS S1PR1 expression levels were analyzed using TIMER and Oncomine database, and the prognostic significance of S1PR1 was assessed using PrognoScan and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases. The relationship between S1PR1 and tumor-infiltrated immune cells was analyzed using TIMER. RESULTS S1PR1 expression was remarkably lower in breast and lung cancer tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues. Lower expression was related to poor overall survival and disease-free survival in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). A functional network analysis confirmed the function of S1PR1 in regulating vasculogenesis. In addition, S1PR1 levels were significantly negative with regard to the tumor purity of BRCA (r = - 0.508, P = 1.76e-66), LUAD (r = - 0.353, P = 6.05e-16), and LUSC (r = - 0.402, P = - 5.20e-20). Furthermore, S1PR1 levels were significantly positive with regard to infiltrating CD8+ (r = 0.38, P = 5.91e-35) and CD4+ T cells (r = 0.335, P = 1.03e-26), macrophages (r = 0.219, P = 3.67e-12), neutrophils (r = 0.168, P = 2.03e-7), and dendritic cells (DCs) (r = 0.208, P = 9.14e-11) in BRCA; S1PR1 levels were significantly positive with regard to CD8+ T cells (r = 0.308, P = 3.61e-12), macrophages (r = 0.376, P = 1.01e-17), neutrophils (r = 0.246, P = 4.15e-8), and DCs (r = 0.207, P = 4.16e-6) in LUAD; and positive with regard to B cells (r = 0.356, P = 1.57e-15), CD8+ (r = 0.459, P = 3.83e-26) and CD4+ T cells (r = 0.338, P = 3.98e-14), macrophages (r = 0.566, P = 2.61e-45), neutrophils (r = 0.453, P = 1.79e-25), and DCs (r = 0.56, P = 2.12e-40) in LUSC. CONCLUSIONS S1PR1 levels are positively correlated with multiple immune markers in breast and lung cancer. These observed correlations between S1PR1 and the prognosis and immune cell infiltration provide a foundation for further research on its immunomodulatory role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Linling Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaohua Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Donglin Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yufeng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
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39
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Taheri M. Role of microRNAs in the development, prognosis and therapeutic response of patients with prostate cancer. Gene 2020; 759:144995. [PMID: 32721477 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males in several regions. One of the major challenges in diagnosis and treatment of this cancer is how to identify men who harbor an increased risk of having clinically significant prostate cancer and how to assess response to therapy. Biomarkers, like microRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the new diagnostic/therapeutic tools for clinicians. Finding men at high risk of significant cancer is essential as they will mostly benefit from earlier diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, it is important to reduce the number of unnecessary invasive biopsies in men without (clinically significant) cancer and miRNAs have especial application in this regard. MiRNAs can regulate expression of several genes. Up to 30 percent of protein coding genes are regulated by miRNAs. Based on this critical regulatory role, miRNAs impact cell differentiation, growth and apoptosis. Several studies have reported aberrant expression of miRNAs in different cancers including prostate cancer. miRNAs are regarded as biomarkers in this kind of cancer. Moreover, expression profiles of miRNAs can predict therapeutic response to a number of drugs such docetaxel and some natural agents such as isoflavone. Functional studies have shown that miRNAs regulate a number of critical targets such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, cyclin dependent kinases, VEGF and JAK/ STAT. Therefore, several aspects of prostate cancer development are influenced by miRNAs. Finally, circulating miRNAs are promising tools for assessment of prostate cancer course and prognosis. In the current review, we summarize the results of studies which reported abnormal expression of miRNAs in prostate cancer and their role as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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40
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Nassar ZD, Mah CY, Dehairs J, Burvenich IJG, Irani S, Centenera MM, Helm M, Shrestha RK, Moldovan M, Don AS, Holst J, Scott AM, Horvath LG, Lynn DJ, Selth LA, Hoy AJ, Swinnen JV, Butler LM. Human DECR1 is an androgen-repressed survival factor that regulates PUFA oxidation to protect prostate tumor cells from ferroptosis. eLife 2020; 9:e54166. [PMID: 32686647 PMCID: PMC7386908 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is the main bioenergetic pathway in human prostate cancer (PCa) and a promising novel therapeutic vulnerability. Here we demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of targeting FAO in clinical prostate tumors cultured ex vivo, and identify DECR1, encoding the rate-limiting enzyme for oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as robustly overexpressed in PCa tissues and associated with shorter relapse-free survival. DECR1 is a negatively-regulated androgen receptor (AR) target gene and, therefore, may promote PCa cell survival and resistance to AR targeting therapeutics. DECR1 knockdown selectively inhibited β-oxidation of PUFAs, inhibited proliferation and migration of PCa cells, including treatment resistant lines, and suppressed tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in mouse xenograft models. Mechanistically, targeting of DECR1 caused cellular accumulation of PUFAs, enhanced mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and induced ferroptosis. These findings implicate PUFA oxidation via DECR1 as an unexplored facet of FAO that promotes survival of PCa cells.
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Grants
- Early Career Fellowship,1138648 National Health and Medical Research Council
- Project Grants C16/15/073 and C32/17/052 KU Leuven
- Future Fellowship,FT130101004 Australian Research Council
- Beat Cancer Fellowship,PRF1117 Cancer Council South Australia
- Revolutionary Team Award,MRTA3 Movember Foundation
- Project Grant,1121057 National Health and Medical Research Council
- Project Grant,1100626 National Health and Medical Research Council
- Fellowship,1084178 National Health and Medical Research Council
- Young Investigator Award,YI 1417 Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia
- Project Grant,1164798 Cure Cancer Australia Foundation
- Group Leader Award EMBL Australia
- Robinson Fellowship University of Sydney
- Project Grants G.0841.15 and G.0C22.19N Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- 1138648 National Health and Medical Research Council
- 1121057 National Health and Medical Research Council
- 1100626 National Health and Medical Research Council
- 1084178 National Health and Medical Research Council
- YI 1417 Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia
- 1164798 Cure Cancer Australia Foundation
- FT130101004 Australian Research Council
- PRF1117 Cancer Council South Australia
- MRTA3 Movember Foundation
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad D Nassar
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Chui Yan Mah
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- KU Leuven- University of Leuven, LKI- Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and CancerLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ingrid JG Burvenich
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Swati Irani
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Margaret M Centenera
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Madison Helm
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Raj K Shrestha
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Max Moldovan
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Anthony S Don
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, and Centenary Institute, The University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Lisa G Horvath
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, NSW 2010; University of Sydney, NSW 2006; and University of New South WalesDarlinghurstAustralia
| | - David J Lynn
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders UniversityBedford ParkAustralia
| | - Luke A Selth
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders UniversityBedford ParkAustralia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- KU Leuven- University of Leuven, LKI- Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and CancerLeuvenBelgium
| | - Lisa M Butler
- University of Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
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41
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Luca BA, Moulton V, Ellis C, Connell SP, Brewer DS, Cooper CS. Convergence of Prognostic Gene Signatures Suggests Underlying Mechanisms of Human Prostate Cancer Progression. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070802. [PMID: 32708551 PMCID: PMC7397325 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly heterogeneous clinical course of human prostate cancer has prompted the development of multiple RNA biomarkers and diagnostic tools to predict outcome for individual patients. Biomarker discovery is often unstable with, for example, small changes in discovery dataset configuration resulting in large alterations in biomarker composition. Our hypothesis, which forms the basis of this current study, is that highly significant overlaps occurring between gene signatures obtained using entirely different approaches indicate genes fundamental for controlling cancer progression. For prostate cancer, we found two sets of signatures that had significant overlaps suggesting important genes (p < 10−34 for paired overlaps, hypergeometrical test). These overlapping signatures defined a core set of genes linking hormone signalling (HES6-AR), cell cycle progression (Prolaris) and a molecular subgroup of patients (PCS1) derived by Non Negative Matrix Factorization (NNMF) of control pathways, together designated as SIG-HES6. The second set (designated SIG-DESNT) consisted of the DESNT diagnostic signature and a second NNMF signature PCS3. Stratifications using SIG-HES6 (HES6, PCS1, Prolaris) and SIG-DESNT (DESNT) classifiers frequently detected the same individual high-risk cancers, indicating that the underlying mechanisms associated with SIG-HES6 and SIG-DESNT may act together to promote aggressive cancer development. We show that the use of combinations of a SIG-HES6 signature together with DESNT substantially increases the ability to predict poor outcome, and we propose a model for prostate cancer development involving co-operation between the SIG-HES6 and SIG-DESNT pathways that has implication for therapeutic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Alexandru Luca
- School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (B.-A.L.); (V.M.); (C.E.)
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.P.C.); (D.S.B.)
| | - Vincent Moulton
- School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (B.-A.L.); (V.M.); (C.E.)
| | - Christopher Ellis
- School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (B.-A.L.); (V.M.); (C.E.)
| | - Shea P. Connell
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.P.C.); (D.S.B.)
| | - Daniel S. Brewer
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.P.C.); (D.S.B.)
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Colin S. Cooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (S.P.C.); (D.S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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42
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Gene expression signature that predicts early molecular response failure in chronic-phase CML patients on frontline imatinib. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1610-1621. [PMID: 31126916 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients treated with frontline imatinib, failure to achieve early molecular response (EMR; EMR failure: BCR-ABL1 >10% on the international scale at 3 months) is predictive of inferior outcomes. Identifying patients at high-risk of EMR failure at diagnosis provides an opportunity to intensify frontline therapy and potentially avoid EMR failure. We studied blood samples from 96 CP-CML patients at diagnosis and identified 365 genes that were aberrantly expressed in 13 patients who subsequently failed to achieve EMR, with a gene signature significantly enriched for stem cell phenotype (eg, Myc, β-catenin, Hoxa9/Meis1), cell cycle, and reduced immune response pathways. We selected a 17-gene panel to predict EMR failure and validated this signature on an independent patient cohort. Patients classified as high risk with our gene expression signature (HR-GES) exhibited significantly higher rates of EMR failure compared with low-risk (LR-GES) patients (78% vs 5%; P < .0001), with an overall accuracy of 93%. Furthermore, HR-GES patients who received frontline nilotinib had a relatively low rate of EMR failure (10%). However, HR-GES patients still had inferior deep molecular response achievement rate by 24 months compared with LR-GES patients. This novel multigene signature may be useful for selecting patients at high risk of EMR failure on standard therapy who may benefit from trials of more potent kinase inhibitors or other experimental approaches.
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43
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Bártů M, Hojný J, Hájková N, Michálková R, Krkavcová E, Simon K, Frýba V, Stružinská I, Němejcová K, Dundr P. Expression, Epigenetic, and Genetic Changes of HNF1B in Colorectal Lesions: an Analysis of 145 Cases. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2337-2350. [PMID: 32488808 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1B) is transcription factor which plays a crucial role in the regulation of the development of several organs, but also seems to be implicated in the development of certain tumours, especially the subset of clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and kidney. Depending on the type of the tumour, HNF1B may act as either a tumour suppressor or an oncogene, although the exact mechanism by which HNF1B participates in the process of cancerogenesis is unknown. Using immunohistochemical approach and methylation and mutation analysis, we have investigated the expression, epigenetic, and genetic changes of HNF1B on 40 cases of colorectal adenomas and 105 cases of colorectal carcinomas. The expression of HNF1B was correlated with the benign or malignant behaviour of the lesion, given that carcinomas showed significantly lower levels of expression compared to adenomas. In carcinomas, lower levels of HNF1B expression were associated with recurrence and shortened disease-free survival. The mutation analysis revealed three somatic mutations (two frameshift and one nonsense) in the carcinoma sample set. Promoter methylation was detected in three carcinomas. These results suggest that in colorectal cancer, HNF1B may play a part in the pathogenesis and act in a tumour suppressive fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Bártů
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hojný
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Hájková
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Michálková
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Krkavcová
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Simon
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Frýba
- 1st Department of Surgery - Department of Abdominal, Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 12808, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Stružinská
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Němejcová
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dundr
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studnickova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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44
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Genome remodeling upon mesenchymal tumor cell fusion contributes to tumor progression and metastatic spread. Oncogene 2020; 39:4198-4211. [PMID: 32242148 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1276-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell fusion in tumor progression mostly refers to the merging of a cancer cell with a cell that has migration and immune escape capabilities such as macrophages. Here we show that spontaneous hybrids made from the fusion of transformed mesenchymal cells with partners from the same lineage undergo nonrecurrent large-scale genomic rearrangements, leading to the creation of highly aneuploid cells with novel phenotypic traits, including metastatic spreading capabilities. Moreover, in contrast to their parents, hybrids were the only cells able to recapitulate in vivo all features of human pleomorphic sarcomas, a rare and genetically complex mesenchymal tumor. Hybrid tumors not only displayed specific mesenchymal markers, but also combined a complex genetic profile with a highly metastatic behavior, like their human counterparts. Finally, we provide evidence that patient-derived pleomorphic sarcoma cells are inclined to spontaneous cell fusion. The resulting hybrids also gain in aggressiveness, exhibiting superior growth capacity in mouse models. Altogether, these results indicate that cell fusion has the potential to promote cancer progression by increasing growth and/or metastatic capacities, regardless of the nature of the companion cell. Moreover, such events likely occur upon sarcoma development, paving the way for better understanding of the biology, and aggressiveness of these tumors.
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45
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Cohen B, Tempelhof H, Raz T, Oren R, Nicenboim J, Bochner F, Even R, Jelinski A, Eilam R, Ben-Dor S, Adaddi Y, Golani O, Lazar S, Yaniv K, Neeman M. BACH family members regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by modulating VEGFC expression. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000666. [PMID: 32132179 PMCID: PMC7063472 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are key processes during embryogenesis as well as under physiological and pathological conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), the ligand for both VEGFR2 and VEGFR3, is a central lymphangiogenic regulator that also drives angiogenesis. Here, we report that members of the highly conserved BACH (BTB and CNC homology) family of transcription factors regulate VEGFC expression, through direct binding to its promoter. Accordingly, down-regulation of bach2a hinders blood vessel formation and impairs lymphatic sprouting in a Vegfc-dependent manner during zebrafish embryonic development. In contrast, BACH1 overexpression enhances intratumoral blood vessel density and peritumoral lymphatic vessel diameter in ovarian and lung mouse tumor models. The effects on the vascular compartment correlate spatially and temporally with BACH1 transcriptional regulation of VEGFC expression. Altogether, our results uncover a novel role for the BACH/VEGFC signaling axis in lymphatic formation during embryogenesis and cancer, providing a novel potential target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batya Cohen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hanoch Tempelhof
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Raz
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Julian Nicenboim
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Filip Bochner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Even
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adam Jelinski
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raya Eilam
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoseph Adaddi
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shlomi Lazar
- Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Neeman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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46
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Watt MJ, Clark AK, Selth LA, Haynes VR, Lister N, Rebello R, Porter LH, Niranjan B, Whitby ST, Lo J, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Anderson KE, Furic L, Wijayaratne PR, Matzaris M, Montgomery MK, Papargiris M, Norden S, Febbraio M, Risbridger GP, Frydenberg M, Nomura DK, Taylor RA. Suppressing fatty acid uptake has therapeutic effects in preclinical models of prostate cancer. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/478/eaau5758. [PMID: 30728288 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau5758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism alterations are hallmarks of cancer, but the involvement of lipid metabolism in disease progression is unclear. We investigated the role of lipid metabolism in prostate cancer using tissue from patients with prostate cancer and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. We showed that fatty acid uptake was increased in human prostate cancer and that these fatty acids were directed toward biomass production. These changes were mediated, at least partly, by the fatty acid transporter CD36, which was associated with aggressive disease. Deleting Cd36 in the prostate of cancer-susceptible Pten-/- mice reduced fatty acid uptake and the abundance of oncogenic signaling lipids and slowed cancer progression. Moreover, CD36 antibody therapy reduced cancer severity in patient-derived xenografts. We further demonstrated cross-talk between fatty acid uptake and de novo lipogenesis and found that dual targeting of these pathways more potently inhibited proliferation of human cancer-derived organoids compared to the single treatments. These findings identify a critical role for CD36-mediated fatty acid uptake in prostate cancer and suggest that targeting fatty acid uptake might be an effective strategy for treating prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Watt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. .,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ashlee K Clark
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Vanessa R Haynes
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Natalie Lister
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Richard Rebello
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Laura H Porter
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Birunthi Niranjan
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sarah T Whitby
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jennifer Lo
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Biomedical Proteomics Facility and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Monash Biomedical Proteomics Facility and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Kimberley E Anderson
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Luc Furic
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Poornima R Wijayaratne
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Maria Matzaris
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Metabolic Disease and Obesity, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Melissa Papargiris
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sam Norden
- TissuPath, Mount Waverley, VIC 3149, Australia
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mark Frydenberg
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Renea A Taylor
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia. .,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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47
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Sulfiredoxin as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Advanced and Metastatic Prostate Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2148562. [PMID: 32411320 PMCID: PMC7201699 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2148562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) is increasing, and it is currently the second most frequent cause of death by cancer in men. Despite advancements in cancer therapies, new therapeutic approaches are still needed for treatment-refractory advanced metastatic PCa. Cross-species analysis presents a robust strategy for the discovery of new potential therapeutic targets. This strategy involves the integration of genomic data from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and human PCa datasets. Considering the role of antioxidant pathways in tumor initiation and progression, we searched oxidative stress-related genes for a potential therapeutic target for PCa. First, we analyzed RNA-sequencing data from Pb-Cre4; Ptenf/f mice and discovered an increase in sulfiredoxin (Srxn1) mRNA expression in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (medium-stage tumors), and poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma (advanced-stage prostate tumors). The increase of SRXN1 protein expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in mouse prostate tumor paraffin samples. Analyses of human databases and prostate tissue microarrays demonstrated that SRXN1 is overexpressed in a subset of high-grade prostate tumors and correlates with aggressive PCa with worse prognosis and decreased survival. Analyses in vitro showed that SRXN1 expression is also higher in most PCa cell lines compared to normal cell lines. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated downregulation of SRXN1 led to decreased viability of PCa cells LNCaP. In conclusion, we identified the antioxidant enzyme SRXN1 as a potential therapeutic target for PCa. Our results suggest that the use of specific SRXN1 inhibitors may be an effective strategy for the adjuvant treatment of castration-resistant PCa with SRXN1 overexpression.
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48
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Muralidhar V, Zhang J, Wang Q, Mahal BA, Butler SS, Spratt DE, Davicioni E, Sartor O, Feng FY, Mouw KW, Nguyen PL. Genomic Validation of 3-Tiered Clinical Subclassification of High-Risk Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019; 105:621-627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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49
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Børretzen A, Gravdal K, Haukaas SA, Beisland C, Akslen LA, Halvorsen OJ. FOXC2 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypes are associated with castration resistance, metastasis and survival in prostate cancer. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 5:272-286. [PMID: 31464093 PMCID: PMC6817834 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important for tumour cell invasion and metastasis and is a feature of aggressive carcinomas. EMT is characterised by reduced E‐cadherin and increased N‐cadherin expression (EN‐switch), and increased expression of the EMT‐regulating transcription factor Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) has been associated with progression and poor prognosis in various malignancies. FOXC2 was recently highlighted as a novel therapy target in prostate cancer, but survival data on FOXC2 are lacking. This study evaluates the expression of FOXC2, E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin in different prostatic tissues focusing on EMT, clinico‐pathological phenotype, recurrence and patient survival. Tissue microarray sections from 338 radical prostatectomies (1986–2007) with long and complete follow‐up, 33 castration resistant prostate cancers, 33 non‐skeletal metastases, 13 skeletal metastases and 41 prostatic hyperplasias were stained immunohistochemically for FOXC2, E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin. FOXC2 was strongly expressed in primary carcinomas, including castration resistant tumours and metastatic lesions as compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia. A hybrid epithelial–mesenchymal phenotype, with co‐expression of E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin, was found in the majority of skeletal metastases and in a substantial proportion of castration resistant tumours. In localised carcinomas, the EN‐switch was associated with adverse clinico‐pathological variables, such as extra‐prostatic extension, high pathological stage and lymph node infiltration. In univariate survival analyses of the clinically important, large subgroup of 199 patients with Gleason score 7, high FOXC2 expression and EN‐switching were significantly associated with shorter time to clinical recurrence, skeletal metastases and cancer specific death. In multivariate Cox' survival analysis, high FOXC2 and the EN‐switch, together with Gleason grade group (GG3 versus GG2), were independent predictors of time to these end‐points. High FOXC2 gene expression (mRNA) was also related to patient outcome, validating our immunohistochemical findings. FOXC2 and factors signifying EMT or its intermediate states may prove important as biomarkers for aggressive disease and are potential novel therapy targets in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Børretzen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, and Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Gravdal
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, and Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Svein A Haukaas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Beisland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars A Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, and Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole J Halvorsen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, and Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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50
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Shen Y, Morishita M, di Luccio E. High yield recombinant expression and purification of oncogenic NSD1, NSD2, and NSD3 with human influenza hemagglutinin tag. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 166:105506. [PMID: 31563542 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor-binding SET Domain (NSD) family consists of NSD1, NSD2/MMSET/WHSC1, and NSD3/WHSC1L1 histone methyltransferases that are crucial for chromatin remodeling. NSDs are implicated in developmental disorders such as Wolf-Hirschhorn and Sotos syndromes as well as various cancers including t(4; 14)(p16; q32) myeloma, an incurable cancer in plasma cells. NSDs have been the target of intensive study to understand their biological functions more fully and inform anti-cancer drug design. Recombinant protein expression and purification of human NSDs using an E. coli expression system are notoriously challenging, but the production of pure, stable, and active NSDs is essential for further studies. To overcome production challenges, we propose a cost-efficient approach optimized to produce a high yield of NSDs using a modified E. coli expression system. We found that tagging the NSDs with a human influenza hemagglutinin (HA) tag greatly improved the quality of the recombinant NSDs, resulting in more than 95% pure, stable, and active NSD-HAs, with an increase in production yield up to 22.4-fold and up to 6.25 mg/L from LB E. coli culture, and without further purification such as ion-exchange or size-exclusion chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Shen
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Masayo Morishita
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eric di Luccio
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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