1
|
Ganesan K, Xu C, Xie C, Sui Y, Zheng C, Gao F, Chen J. Cryoprotective isoliquiritigenin-zein phosphatidylcholine nanoparticles inhibits breast cancer-bone metastasis by targeting JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111037. [PMID: 38719172 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and is known for its tendency to spread to the bones, causing significant health issues and mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether cryoprotective isoliquiritigenin-zein phosphatidylcholine nanoparticles (ISL@ZLH NPs) could inhibit BC-induced bone destruction and tumor metastasis in both in vitro and animal models. To evaluate the potential of ISL@ZLH NPs, we conducted various experiments. First, we assessed cell viability, colony formation, transwell migration, and wound healing assays to determine the impact of ISL@ZLH NPs on BC cell behavior. Western blotting, TRAP staining and ALP activity were performed to examine the effects of ISL@ZLH NPs on osteoclast formation induced by MDA-MB-231 cell-conditioned medium and RANKL treated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the therapeutic impact of ISL@ZLH NPs on tumor-induced bone destruction using a mouse model of BC bone metastasis. Treatment with ISL@ZLH NPs effectively suppressed BC cell proliferation, colony formation, and motility, reducing their ability to metastasize. ISL@ZLH NPs significantly inhibited osteoclast formation and the expression of factors associated with bone destruction in BC cells. Additionally, ISL@ZLH NPs suppressed JAK-STAT signaling in RAW264.7 cells. In the BCBM mouse model, ISL@ZLH NPs led to a significant reduction in osteolytic bone lesions compared to the control group. Histological analysis and TRAP staining confirmed that ISL@ZLH NPs preserved the integrity of bone structure, preventing invasive metastasis by confining tumor growth to the bone marrow cavity. Furthermore, ISL@ZLH NPs effectively suppressed tumor-induced osteoclastogenesis, a key process in BC-related bone destruction. Our findings demonstrate that ISL@ZLH NPs have the potential to inhibit BC-induced bone destruction and tumor metastasis by targeting JAK-STAT signaling pathways and suppressing tumor-induced osteoclastogenesis. These results underscore the therapeutic promise of ISL@ZLH NPs in managing BC metastasis to the bones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Sui
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reid SE, Pantaleo J, Bolivar P, Bocci M, Sjölund J, Morsing M, Cordero E, Larsson S, Malmberg M, Seashore-Ludlow B, Pietras K. Cancer-associated fibroblasts rewire the estrogen receptor response in luminal breast cancer, enabling estrogen independence. Oncogene 2024; 43:1113-1126. [PMID: 38388711 PMCID: PMC10997519 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Advanced breast cancers represent a major therapeutic challenge due to their refractoriness to treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant constituents of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer. However, the influence of CAFs on therapeutic outcome remains largely unchartered. Here, we reveal that spatial coincidence of abundant CAF infiltration with malignant cells was associated with reduced estrogen receptor (ER)-α expression and activity in luminal breast tumors. Notably, CAFs mediated estrogen-independent tumor growth by selectively regulating ER-α signaling. Whereas most prototypical estrogen-responsive genes were suppressed, CAFs maintained gene expression related to therapeutic resistance, basal-like differentiation, and invasion. A functional drug screen in co-cultures identified effector pathways involved in the CAF-induced regulation of ER-α signaling. Among these, the Transforming Growth Factor-β and the Janus kinase signaling cascades were validated as actionable targets to counteract the CAF-induced modulation of ER-α activity. Finally, genes that were downregulated in cancer cells by CAFs were predictive of poor response to endocrine treatment. In conclusion, our work reveals that CAFs directly control the luminal breast cancer phenotype by selectively modulating ER-α expression and transcriptional function, and further proposes novel targets to disrupt the crosstalk between CAFs and tumor cells to reinstate treatment response to endocrine therapy in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Reid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jessica Pantaleo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paulina Bolivar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matteo Bocci
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sjölund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikkel Morsing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eugenia Cordero
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Larsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Malmberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Brinton Seashore-Ludlow
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Wu W, Lin X, Zhang KM, Wu Q, Luo M, Zhou J. Predictive and prognostic biomarkers of bone metastasis in breast cancer: current status and future directions. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:224. [PMID: 38041134 PMCID: PMC10693103 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common site of metastasis in breast cancer is the bone, where the balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation is disrupted. This imbalance causes osteolytic bone metastasis in breast cancer, which leads to bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and other skeletal-related events (SREs). These complications reduce patients' quality of life significantly and have a profound impact on prognosis. In this review, we begin by providing a brief overview of the epidemiology of bone metastasis in breast cancer, including current diagnostic tools, treatment approaches, and existing challenges. Then, we will introduce the pathophysiology of breast cancer bone metastasis (BCBM) and the animal models involved in the study of BCBM. We then come to the focus of this paper: a discussion of several biomarkers that have the potential to provide predictive and prognostic value in the context of BCBM-some of which may be particularly compatible with more comprehensive liquid biopsies. Beyond that, we briefly explore the potential of new technologies such as single-cell sequencing and organoid models, which will improve our understanding of tumor heterogeneity and aid in the development of improved biomarkers. The emerging biomarkers discussed hold promise for future clinical application, aiding in the prevention of BCBM, improving the prognosis of patients, and guiding the implementation of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenkangle Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - QingLiang Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mingpeng Luo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coleman R. Metastasis prevention with bone-targeted agents: a complex interaction between the microenvironment and tumour biology. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:290-300. [PMID: 37162605 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-023-01434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of bone-targeted treatments has transformed the clinical care of many patients with metastatic breast cancer. In addition, due to the profound effects of bisphosphonates and denosumab on bone physiology and the bone microenvironment, the potential of bone-targeted agents to modify the process of metastasis has been studied extensively. FINDINGS Many adjuvant trials with bisphosphonates in early breast cancer have been performed. Variable outcomes in terms of disease recurrence have been reported, with any treatment benefits apparently influenced by the age and menopausal status of the patients. Results show that in breast cancer the use of adjuvant bisphosphonates reduce bone metastases and breast-cancer deaths in postmenopausal women. These effects are in addition to the benefits associated with the use of standard adjuvant endocrine, cytotoxic and targeted treatments with prevention of one in six breast-cancer deaths at 10 years. Biomarkers that can predict patient benefit from the use of bone-targeted treatments in the adjuvant setting are being evaluated. Currently, tumour expression of the transcription factor, MAF, seems to be the most promising biomarker; benefits from adjuvant bisphosphonates are seen in the 80% of patients with normal levels of expression irrespective of menopausal status and age, while over expression is associated with a poor prognosis and a higher rate of visceral metastases. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant bisphosphonates are now part of standard clinical guidelines for postmenopausal women with early breast cancer at intermediate to high risk of recurrence. MAF testing of primary tumours may improve patient selection for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Duan Y, Wu C, Peng W, Chen W, Wang L, Deng Z. MiR-200c regulates invasion, proliferation and EMT of anaplastic thyroid cancer cells by targeting parathyroid hormone like hormone. Growth Factors 2022; 40:175-185. [PMID: 36067091 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2108809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the specific effect of miR-200c in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Hth74 and ARO cell lines were used. Proliferation, invasion, and colony formation activities of Hth74 and ARO cell lines affected by miR-200c were studied. Expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Slug, and Snail) in the Hth74 and ARO cell lines were validated by western blot and qRT-PCR. In addition, the regulation of the parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) by miR-200c was assessed. Overexpression of miR-200c inhibited the invasion, proliferation, and colony formation of the ATC cell lines, whereas its downregulation achieved the opposite results. PTHLH was found to be regulated negatively by miR-200c through a miR-200c binding site within the 3'-UTR of PTHLH. miR-200c repressed the proliferation, invasion, and EMT process of cells in ATC cell lines by targeting PTHLH post-transcriptionally, which indicates that miR-200c may be a potential target for the treatment of ATC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Duan
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chenguang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Medical School, Qinghai University, Xining, PR China
| | - Wenyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Zhaoqun Deng
- Laboratory Center, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chu YM, Xu Y, Zou XQ, Zhou FL, Deng YL, Han YT, Li J, Yang DM, Peng HX. DLC1 inhibits colon adenocarcinoma cell migration by promoting secretion of the neurotrophic factor MANF. Front Oncol 2022; 12:900166. [PMID: 36185184 PMCID: PMC9515611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.900166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DLC1 (deleted in liver cancer-1) is downregulated or deleted in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and functions as a potent tumor suppressor, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. We found that the conditioned medium (CM) collected from DLC1-overexpressed SW1116 cells inhibited the migration of colon adenocarcinoma cells HCT116 and SW1116, but had no effect on proliferation, which suggested DLC1-mediated secretory components containing a specific inhibitor for colon adenocarcinoma cell migration. Analysis by mass spectrometry identified mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) as a candidate. More importantly, exogenous MANF significantly inhibited the migration of colon adenocarcinoma cells HCT116 and SW1116, but did not affect proliferation. Mechanistically, DLC1 reduced the retention of MANF in ER by competing the interaction between MANF and GRP78. Taken together, these data provided new insights into the suppressive effects of DLC1 on CRC, and revealed the potential of MANF in the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Chu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Qun Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cellular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Li Zhou
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Liang Deng
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tong Han
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Ming Yang
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hai-Xia Peng, ; Da-Ming Yang,
| | - Hai-Xia Peng
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hai-Xia Peng, ; Da-Ming Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Polygonum cuspidatum Extract (Pc-Ex) Containing Emodin Suppresses Lung Cancer-Induced Cachexia by Suppressing TCF4/TWIST1 Complex-Induced PTHrP Expression. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071508. [PMID: 35406121 PMCID: PMC9002362 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia, which is characterised by the wasting of fat and skeletal muscles, is the most common risk factor for increased mortality rates among patients with advanced lung cancer. PTHLH (parathyroid hormone-like hormone) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PTHLH expression and the inhibitors of PTHLH have not yet been identified. The PTHLH mRNA levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein) expression levels were measured using Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between TCF4 (Transcription Factor 4) and TWIST1 and the binding of the TCF4–TWIST1 complex to the PTHLH promoter were analysed using co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The results of the mammalian two-hybrid luciferase assay revealed that emodin inhibited TCF4–TWIST1 interaction. The effects of Polygonum cuspidatum extract (Pc-Ex), which contains emodin, on cachexia were investigated in vivo using A549 tumour-bearing mice. Ectopic expression of TCF4 upregulated PTHLH expression. Conversely, TCF4 knockdown downregulated PTHLH expression in lung cancer cells. The expression of PTHLH was upregulated in cells ectopically co-expressing TCF4 and TWIST1 when compared with that in cells expressing TCF4 or TWIST1 alone. Emodin inhibited the interaction between TCF4 and TWIST1 and consequently suppressed the TCF4/TWIST1 complex-induced upregulated mRNA and protein levels of PTHLH and PTHrP. Meanwhile, emodin-containing Pc-Ex significantly alleviated skeletal muscle atrophy and downregulated fat browning-related genes in A549 tumour-bearing mice. Emodin-containing Pc-Ex exerted therapeutic effects on lung cancer-associated cachexia by inhibiting TCF4/TWIST1 complex-induced PTHrP expression.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Q, Yao Y, Chen K, Chen X, Li B, Li R, Mo L, Hu W, Zhang M, Wang Z, Wu Y, Wu Y, Liu F. Aberrant activation of TGF-β1 induces high bone turnover via Rho GTPases-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling in Camurati-Engelmann disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:913979. [PMID: 36325441 PMCID: PMC9621586 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.913979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the adult skeleton, the bone remodeling process involves a dynamic coordination between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which is disrupted in diseases with high bone turnover rates and dysregulated transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). However, little is known about how TGF-β1 signaling mediates bone resorption. Here, we described a pedigree with a heterozygous variant in TGF-β1 (R218C) that resulted in aberrant activation of TGF-β1 through an activating mechanism that caused Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED). We showed that CED patients have high levels of active Rho GTPases and the migration-related proteins Integrin β1 and Integrin β3 in their peripheral blood. HEK293T cells transfected with a plasmid encoding this mutant expressed high levels of TGF-β1 and active Rho GTPases. Furthermore, activation of Rho by TGF-β1 increased osteoclast formation and bone resorption, with increased migration of pre-osteoclasts, as well as cytoskeletal remodeling of pre-osteoclasts and mature osteoclasts. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of Rho GTPases effectively rescued hyperactive TGF-β1-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Overall, we propose that Rho GTPases mediate TGF-β1-induced osteoclastogenesis and suggest that Rho-TGF-β1 crosstalk is associated with high bone turnover in CED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lidangzhi Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weihong Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yaoping Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Liu, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Yaoping Wu,
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Liu, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Yaoping Wu,
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Liu, ; Yuanming Wu, ; Yaoping Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sui L, Sanders A, Jiang WG, Ye L. Deregulated molecules and pathways in the predisposition and dissemination of breast cancer cells to bone. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2745-2758. [PMID: 35685372 PMCID: PMC9168524 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
11
|
Li X, Liang Y, Lian C, Peng F, Xiao Y, He Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Zhang P, Deng Y, Su Y, Luo C, Kong X, Yang Q, Liu T, Hu G. CST6 protein and peptides inhibit breast cancer bone metastasis by suppressing CTSB activity and osteoclastogenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9821-9832. [PMID: 34815788 PMCID: PMC8581426 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone metastasis is a frequent symptom of breast cancer and current targeted therapy has limited efficacy. Osteoclasts play critical roles to drive osteolysis and metastatic outgrowth of tumor cells in bone. Previously we identified CST6 as a secretory protein significantly downregulated in bone-metastatic breast cancer cells. Functional analysis showed that CST6 suppresses breast-to-bone metastasis in animal models. However, the functional mechanism and therapeutic potential of CST6 in bone metastasis is unknown. Methods: Using in vitro osteoclastogenesis and in vivo metastasis assays, we studied the effect and mechanism of extracellular CST6 protein in suppressing osteoclastic niches and bone metastasis of breast cancer. A number of peptides containing the functional domain of CST6 were screened to inhibit bone metastasis. The efficacy, stability and toxicity of CST6 recombinant protein and peptides were evaluated in preclinical metastasis models. Results: We show here that CST6 inhibits osteolytic bone metastasis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Cancer cell-derived CST6 enters osteoclasts by endocytosis and suppresses the cysteine protease CTSB, leading to up-regulation of the CTSB hydrolytic substrate SPHK1. SPHK1 suppresses osteoclast maturation by inhibiting the RANKL-induced p38 activation. Importantly, recombinant CST6 protein effectively suppresses bone metastasis in vitro and in vivo. We further identified several peptides mimicking the function of CST6 to suppress cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone metastasis. Pre-clinical analyses of CTS6 recombinant protein and peptides demonstrated their potentials in treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. Conclusion: These findings reveal the CST6-CTSB-SPHK1 signaling axis in osteoclast differentiation and provide a promising approach to treat bone diseases with CST6-based peptides.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai Y, Hu L, Yang L, Hu X, Song X, Yang J, Li H, Chen K, Li H, Wang D. Interaction Between Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1 and Interleukin-6 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021; 13:776-790. [PMID: 34486261 PMCID: PMC8419640 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2021.13.5.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) has recently emerged as a critical regulator of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we examined SGK1 expression and its possible pathogenic roles in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). METHODS Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, Bio-Plex assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to assess protein and gene expression levels. The mRNA expression levels of SGK1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were extracted from a CRS database to perform correlation analysis. Stable cell lines with SGK1 overexpression (16HBE) and knockdown (A549) were constructed to investigate the interaction between SGK1 and IL-6 in vitro. RESULTS SGK1 exhibited strong cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in the epithelial layers and the lamina propria of nasal polyps (NPs) and in the mucosal tissues of CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The mRNA and protein expression levels of SGK1 and IL-6 were significantly increased in NPs and CRSsNP tissues, compared to control tissues. SGK1 phosphorylation was significantly greater in NPs than in CRSsNP tissues (P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of SGK1 and IL-6 were significantly correlated (P < 0.001, r = 0.649). Exposure to IL-6 significantly increased SGK1 expression in cultured dispersed NP cells, 16HBE cells, and A549 cells. IL-6 expression was significantly down-regulated in SGK1-overexpressing 16HBE cells (P < 0.01) and significantly up-regulated in SGK1-knockdown A549 cells (P < 0.05). Administration of GSK650394, a SGK1 inhibitor, significantly increased IL-6 self-induced mRNA expression in cultured dispersed NP cells and 16HBE cells. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between SGK1 and IL-6 may play an anti-inflammatory role in IL-6-induced inflammation in the pathogenesis of CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianting Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaole Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huabin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dehui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Analysis of Cadmium-Stress-Induced microRNAs and Their Targets Reveals bra-miR172b-3p as a Potential Cd2+-Specific Resistance Factor in Brassica juncea. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The contamination of soil with high levels of cadmium (Cd) is of increasing concern, as Cd is a heavy metal element that seriously limits crop productivity and quality, thus affecting human health. (1) Background: Some miRNAs play key regulatory roles in response to Cd stress, but few have been explored in the highly Cd-enriched coefficient oilseed crop, Brassica juncea. (2) Methods: The genome-wide identification and characterization of miRNAs and their targets in leaves and roots of Brassica juncea exposed to Cd stress was undertaken using strand specific transcript sequencing and miRNA sequencing. (3) Results: In total, 11 known and novel miRNAs, as well as 56 target transcripts, were identified as Cd-responsive miRNAs and transcripts. Additionally, four corresponding target transcripts of six miRNAs, including FLA9 (Fasciclin-Like Arabinogalactan-protein 9), ATCAT3 (catalase 3), DOX1 (dioxygenases) and ATCCS (copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase), were found to be involved in the plant’s biotic stress pathway. We further validated the expression of three miRNA and six target genes in response to Cd, hydrargyrum (Hg), manganese (Mn), plumbum (Pb) or natrium (Na) stress and Mucor infection by qRT-PCR, and show that ATCCS and FLA9 were significantly and differentially regulated in the Cd-treated leaves. In addition, our results showed that DOX1 was obviously induced by Pb stress. Among the respective target miRNAs, bra-miR172b-3p (target for ATCCS) and ra-miR398-3p (target for FLA9) were down-regulated in Cd-treated leaves. (4) Conclusions: We identified bra-miR172b-3p as a potential Cd-specific resistant inhibitor, which may be negatively regulated in ATCCS in response to Cd stress. These findings could provide further insight into the regulatory networks of Cd-responsive miRNA in Brassica juncea.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao Z, Wang Y, Zhang JJ, Huang XY. Fascin Inhibitors Decrease Cell Migration and Adhesion While Increase Overall Survival of Mice Bearing Bladder Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112698. [PMID: 34070777 PMCID: PMC8199464 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fascin is an actin-bundling protein, and is highly expressed in metastatic tumor cells. Small molecule fascin inhibitors have been recently developed to block tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Here we have tested a new fascin inhibitor on bladder cancer cells, and showed the inhibitory effects of the fascin inhibitor on bladder cancer cell migration, adhesion, and primary tumor growth. Therefore, fascin inhibitors might provide clinical benefits to bladder cancer patients. Abstract Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Early stage bladder tumors can be surgically removed, but these patients usually have relapses. When bladder cancer becomes metastatic, survival is very low. There is an urgent need for new treatments for metastatic bladder cancers. Here, we report that a new fascin inhibitor decreases the migration and adhesion of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, this inhibitor decreases the primary tumor growth and increases the overall survival of mice bearing bladder cancers, alone, as well as in combination with the chemotherapy medication, cisplatin, or the immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-1 antibody. These data suggest that fascin inhibitors can be explored as a new treatment for bladder cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhankui Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; (Z.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; (Z.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | | | - Xin-Yun Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; (Z.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-746-6362
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paterson AHG, Lucas PC, Anderson SJ, Mamounas EP, Brufsky A, Baez-Diaz L, King KM, Lad T, Robidoux A, Finnigan M, Sampayo M, Tercero JC, Mairet JJ, Wolff AC, Fehrenbacher L, Wolmark N, Gomis RR. MAF Amplification and Adjuvant Clodronate Outcomes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer in NSABP B-34 and Potential Impact on Clinical Practice. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2021; 5:pkab054. [PMID: 34377934 PMCID: PMC8346694 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Adjuvant Zoledronic Acid (ZA) study in early breast cancer (AZURE) showed correlation between a nonamplified MAF gene in the primary tumor and benefit from adjuvant ZA. Adverse ZA outcomes occurred in MAF-amplified patients. NSABP B-34 is a validation study. Methods A retrospective analysis of MAF gene status in NSABP B-34 was performed. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to standard adjuvant systemic treatment plus 3 years oral clodronate (1600 mg/daily) or placebo. Tumors were tested for MAF gene amplification and analyzed for their relationship to clodronate for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in MAF nonamplified patients. All statistical tests were 2-sided . Results MAF status was assessed in 2533 available primary tumor samples from 3311 patients. Of these, 37 withdrew consent; in 77 samples, no tumor was found; 536 assays did not meet quality standards, leaving 1883 (77.8%) evaluable for MAF assay by fluorescence in situ hybridization (947 from placebo and 936 from clodronate arms). At 5 years, in MAF nonamplified patients receiving clodronate, DFS improved by 30% (hazard ratio = 0.70, 95% confidence interval = 0.51 to 0.94; P = .02). OS improved at 5 years (hazard ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval = 0.37 to 0.93; P = .02) remaining statistically significant for clodronate throughout study follow-up. Conversely, adjuvant clodronate in women with MAF-amplified tumors was not associated with benefit but rather possible harm in some subgroups. Association between MAF status and menopausal status was not seen. Conclusions Nonamplified MAF showed statistically significant benefits (DFS and OS) with oral clodronate, supporting validation of the AZURE study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter C Lucas
- NSABP Foundation and NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Adam Brufsky
- NSABP Foundation and NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Karen M King
- NSABP Foundation and NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Lad
- NSABP Foundation and NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roger R Gomis
- Cancer Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The Unique Biology behind the Early Onset of Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030372. [PMID: 33807872 PMCID: PMC8000244 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer commonly affects women of older age; however, in developing countries, up to 20% of breast cancer cases present in young women (younger than 40 years as defined by oncology literature). Breast cancer in young women is often defined to be aggressive in nature, usually of high histological grade at the time of diagnosis and negative for endocrine receptors with poor overall survival rate. Several researchers have attributed this aggressive nature to a hidden unique biology. However, findings in this aspect remain controversial. Thus, in this article, we aimed to review published work addressing somatic mutations, chromosome copy number variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, microRNAs and gene methylation profile of early-onset breast cancer, as well as its altered pathways resulting from those aberrations. Distinct biology behind early-onset of breast cancer was clear among estrogen receptor-positive and sporadic cases. However, further research is needed to determine and validate specific novel markers, which may help in customizing therapy for this group of patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Barsoum FS, Awad AS, Hussein NH, Eissa RA, El Tayebi HM. MALAT-1: LncRNA ruling miR-182/PIG-C/mesothelin triad in triple negative breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153274. [PMID: 33171372 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains a major health problem, despite the remarkable advances in cancer research setting. BC is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. In the context of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment, major obstacles include late diagnoses and detrimental side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Research effort was rewarded with the discovery of mesothelin (MSLN), an oncogenic Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl-Inositol (GPI) anchored protein, over-expressed in TNBC. GPI pathway is a post-translational modification that attaches proteins to cellular membrane. MSLN targeted therapy succeeded in early clinical trials, nevertheless, to date, the epigenetic regulation of MSLN and GPI pathway by non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs) in BC remains an untouched area. Accordingly, our aim is to investigate-for the first time- the impact of simultaneous targeting of MSLN and its associated GPI pathway member, PIG-C, by non-coding-RNAs. Expression profiling of PIG-C, MSLN in BC was performed. Using bioinformatics tools, MALAT-1 and miR-182 were found to target MSLN and PIG-C. MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with synthetic nc-RNAs. Expression profiling of MSLN, miR-182 and MALAT-1 showed a dramatic over-expression in BC samples. MiR-182 ectopic expression and MALAT-1 silencing increased MSLN and PIG-C transcript levels. However, miR-182 inhibition and miR-182/si-MALAT-1 co-transfection lowered MSLN and PIG-C levels. Finally, si-PIG-C decreased MSLN and PIG-C levels. To conclude, our investigation unravels a new axis in TNBC, where miR-182 can manipulate MSLN and PIG-C. Meanwhile, MALAT-1 is the culprit lncRNA in this novel axis, possibly a sponge for miR-182. Altogether, this sheds light on new targets for BC immune-therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farida S Barsoum
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany S Awad
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada H Hussein
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda A Eissa
- Department of Surgery, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Hend M El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Anti-Metastasis Fascin Inhibitors Decrease the Growth of Specific Subtypes of Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082287. [PMID: 32824026 PMCID: PMC7466159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that is critical for filopodial formation and other cellular cytoskeletal structures. An elevated expression of fascin has been observed in tumor cells and is correlated with a shorter survival of cancer patients. Given its roles in tumor cell migration and invasion, we have developed small-molecule fascin inhibitors to prevent and delay tumor metastasis. Here we report the characterization of a new fascin inhibitor in mice. In addition to its inhibitory effects on tumor metastasis, we also report that fascin inhibitors can decrease the growth of specific subtypes of cancers, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-high triple-negative breast cancer, and activated B-cell subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hence, fascin inhibitors can be used to not only inhibit tumor metastasis, but also decrease the tumor growth of specific cancer types.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou X, Jiao D, Dou M, Zhang W, Lv L, Chen J, Li L, Wang L, Han X. Curcumin inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells by silencing EZH2 and restoring DLC1 expression. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10648-10662. [PMID: 32725802 PMCID: PMC7521266 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an oncogene, is a commonly up‐regulated epigenetic factor in human cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma deletion gene 1 (DLC1) is an antioncogene that is either expressed at low levels or not expressed in many malignant tumours. Curcumin is a promising anticancer drug that has antitumour effects in many tumours, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Our research demonstrated that EZH2 was up‐regulated in breast cancer (BC) tissues and cells, whereas DLC1 was down‐regulated, and the expression of EZH2 and DLC1 was negatively correlated in BC. By analysing the characteristics of clinical cases, we found that positive expression of EZH2 and negative expression of DLC1 may be predictors of poor prognosis in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Moreover, knockdown of EZH2 expression restored the expression of DLC1 and inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation, promoted the apoptosis, and blocked the cell cycle of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Furthermore, we found that curcumin restored the expression of DLC1 by inhibiting EZH2; it also inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of MDA‐MB‐231 cells, promoted their apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle. Finally, xenograft tumour models were used to demonstrate that curcumin restored DLC1 expression by inhibiting EZH2 and also inhibited the growth and promoted the apoptosis of TNBC cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that curcumin can inhibit the migration, invasion and proliferation, promote the apoptosis, block the cycle of TNBC cells and restore the expression of DLC1 by inhibiting the expression of EZH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Dou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liying Lv
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jianjian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuxing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hormones Secretion and Rho GTPases in Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071859. [PMID: 32664294 PMCID: PMC7408961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) belong to a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from hormone secreting cells. These tumors are often associated with a dysfunction of their secretory activity. Neuroendocrine secretion occurs through calcium-regulated exocytosis, a process that is tightly controlled by Rho GTPases family members. In this review, we compiled the numerous mutations and modification of expression levels of Rho GTPases or their regulators (Rho guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and Rho GTPase-activating proteins) that have been identified in NETs. We discussed how they might regulate neuroendocrine secretion.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yao D, Huang L, Ke J, Zhang M, Xiao Q, Zhu X. Bone metabolism regulation: Implications for the treatment of bone diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110494. [PMID: 32887023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone cells in the human body are continuously engaged in cellular metabolism, including the interaction between bone cells, the interaction between the erythropoietic cells of the bone marrow and stromal cells, for the remodeling and reconstruction of bone. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play an important role in bone metabolism. Diseases occur when bone metabolism is abnormal, but little is known about the signaling pathways that affect bone metabolism. The study of these signaling pathways will help us to use the relevant techniques to intervene, so as to improve the condition. The study of these signaling pathways will help us to use the relevant techniques to intervene, so as to improve the condition. I believe they will shine in the diagnosis and treatment of future clinical bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danqi Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Lianfang Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Jianhao Ke
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510046, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong University, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang X, Hu F, Liu JA, Yu S, Cheung MPL, Liu X, Ng IOL, Guan XY, Wong KKW, Sharma R, Lung HL, Jiao Y, Lee LTO, Cheung M. Nuclear DLC1 exerts oncogenic function through association with FOXK1 for cooperative activation of MMP9 expression in melanoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:4061-4076. [PMID: 32214200 PMCID: PMC7220869 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP), deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1), is known to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancer types; however, whether DLC1 is a tumor-suppressor gene or an oncogene in melanoma remains to be clarified. Here we revealed that high DLC1 expression was detected in most of the melanoma tissues where it was localized in both the nuclei and the cytoplasm. Functional studies unveiled that DLC1 was both required and sufficient for melanoma growth and metastasis. These tumorigenic events were mediated by nuclear-localized DLC1 in a RhoGAP-independent manner. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry analysis identified a DLC1-associated protein, FOXK1 transcription factor, which mediated oncogenic events in melanoma by translocating and retaining DLC1 into the nucleus. RNA-sequencing profiling studies further revealed MMP9 as a direct target of FOXK1 through DLC1-regulated promoter occupancy for cooperative activation of MMP9 expression to promote melanoma invasion and metastasis. Concerted action of DLC1–FOXK1 in MMP9 gene regulation was further supported by their highly correlated expression in melanoma patients’ samples and cell lines. Together, our results not only unravel a mechanism by which nuclear DLC1 functions as an oncogene in melanoma but also suggest an unexpected role of RhoGAP protein in transcriptional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessica Aijia Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - May Pui Lai Cheung
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuelai Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research and Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin K W Wong
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Lok Lung
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yufei Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Martin Cheung
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cong M, Wang Y, Yang Y, Lian C, Zhuang X, Li X, Zhang P, Liu Y, Tang J, Yang Q, Zhang X, Xiong H, Hu R, Hu G. MTSS1 suppresses mammary tumor-initiating cells by enhancing RBCK1-mediated p65 ubiquitination. NATURE CANCER 2020; 1:222-234. [PMID: 35122005 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-019-0021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are considered the culprits of cancer development and progression. Dysregulation of metastasis suppressor protein 1 (MTSS1) has been widely observed in tumor metastasis, but its functional contribution and mechanism in cancer is poorly understood. Here we report a role of MTSS1 in suppressing TICs in breast cancer. Mtss1 knockout (KO) enhances the mammary epithelial TIC subpopulation in both luminal and basal-like breast cancer mouse models. MTSS1 also suppresses tumorsphere formation in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, MTSS1 interacts with the E3 ligase RanBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1 (RBCK1) to facilitate RBCK1-mediated p65 ubiquitination and degradation, thus suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway and tumorigenesis. In addition, actin beta-like 2 (ACTBL2) competes with RBCK1 for MTSS1 binding, leading to p65 stabilization. Importantly, MTSS1 silencing promotes patient-derived organoid formation and xenograft growth. MTSS1 downregulation in clinical tumors is also linked to worse prognosis. Overall our data reveal a new paradigm of NF-κB regulation and may have important implications in therapeutics targeting TICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Lian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqian Zhuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ronggui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guohong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
DLC-1 tumor suppressor regulates CD105 expression on human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells through inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2020; 386:111732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Li G. A tumor suppressor DLC1: The functions and signal pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4999-5007. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ma X, Liu C, Gao C, Li J, Zhuang J, Liu L, Li H, Wang X, Zhang X, Dong S, Zhou C, Sun C. circRNA-associated ceRNA network construction reveals the circRNAs involved in the progression and prognosis of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3973-3983. [PMID: 31617204 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, increasing evidences show that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators of various diseases, especially cancer. However, the regulatory role and the potential mechanism of action of circRNAs in breast cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was conducted with the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to identify the key modules associated with the carcinogenesis of breast cancer. In the significant turquoise and brown modules, 22 miRNAs and 1877 mRNAs were identified, respectively. Then, We compared and predicted the target genes and performed survival analysis to identify the miRNAs and mRNAs related to the prognosis of breast cancer. A circRNA-related competitive endogenous RNA network was identified by database co-screening, and deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) was identified as a key gene. Finally, to assess how genes in key modules and key genes contribute to the development of breast cancer, relevant pathway information was obtained through DAVID and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. These data demonstrated that three circRNAs (hsa-circ-0083373, hsa-circ-0083374, and hsa-circ-0083375) that regulate DLC1 expression via hsa-mir-511 and are involved in the pathogenesis and development of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Ma
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chundi Gao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.,Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Huayao Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shixia Dong
- Clinical Medical Colleges, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee GT, Rosenfeld JA, Kim WT, Kwon YS, Palapattu G, Mehra R, Kim WJ, Kim IY. TCF4 induces enzalutamide resistance via neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213488. [PMID: 31536510 PMCID: PMC6752758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In treating patients with castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), enzalutamide, the second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, is an accepted standard of care. However, clinical benefits are limited to a median time of 4.8 months because resistance inevitably emerges. To determine the mechanism of treatment resistance, we carried out a RNA sequence analysis and found increased expression levels of neuroendocrine markers in the enzalutamide-resistant LNCaP human prostate cancer (CaP) cell line when compared to the parental cell line. Subsequent studies demonstrated that Transcription Factor-4 (TCF4), a transcription factor implicated in WNT signaling, mediated neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in response to enzalutamide treatment and was elevated in the enzalutamide-resistant LNCaP. In addition, we observed that PTHrP mediated enzalutamide resistance in tissue culture and inducible TCF4 overexpression resulted in enzalutamide-resistance in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, small molecule inhibitors of TCF4 or PTHrP partially reversed enzalutamide resistance in CaP cells. When tissues obtained from men who died of metastatic CaP were examined, a positive correlation was found between the expression levels of TCF4 and PTHrP. Taken together, the current results indicate that TCF4 induces enzalutamide resistance via NED in CaP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geun Taek Lee
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Division of Urology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Rosenfeld
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Division of Urology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Division of Urology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Suk Kwon
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Division of Urology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ganesh Palapattu
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Isaac Yi Kim
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, and Division of Urology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liang Y, Zhang H, Song X, Yang Q. Metastatic heterogeneity of breast cancer: Molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:14-27. [PMID: 31421262 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women throughout the world and is the major cause of most cancer-related deaths. Several explanations account for the high rate of mortality of breast cancer, and metastasis to vital organs is identified as the principal cause. Over the past few years, intensive efforts have demonstrated that breast cancer exhibits metastatic heterogeneity with distinct metastatic precedence to various organs, giving rise to differences in prognoses and responses to therapy in breast cancer patients. Bone, lung, liver, and brain are generally accepted as the primary target sites of breast cancer metastasis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of metastatic heterogeneity of breast cancer remains to be further elucidated. Recently, the advent of novel genomic and pathologic approaches as well as technological breakthroughs in imaging analysis and animal modelling have yielded an unprecedented change in our understanding of the heterogeneity of breast cancer metastasis and provided novel insight for establishing more effective therapeutics. This review summarizes recent molecular mechanisms and emerging concepts on the metastatic heterogeneity of breast cancer and discusses the potential of identifying specific molecules against tumor cells or tumor microenvironments to thwart the development of metastatic disease and improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaojin Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cell-intrinsic survival signals. The role of autophagy in metastatic dissemination and tumor cell dormancy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:28-40. [PMID: 31400500 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), which seed metastasis, can remain undetected in a dormant state for decades after treatment of the primary tumor and their persistence is the main cause of late relapse and death in a substantial proportion of cancer patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the survival of dormant DTCs is of utmost importance to develop new therapies that effectively kill DTCs while in a quiescent state, therefore preventing metastatic disease and minimizing the chance of future relapses. Besides key interactions with the local microenvironment, dormant DTCs must integrate survival mechanisms to remain viable for long periods of time. Here, the pro-survival role of autophagy in tumor cell dissemination and dormant DTC maintenance are discussed, as well as the implications of the current knowledge for future research efforts.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gökmen-Polar Y, True JD, Vieth E, Gu Y, Gu X, Qi GD, Mosley AL, Badve SS. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis identifies novel functional pathways of tumor suppressor DLC1 in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204658. [PMID: 30278072 PMCID: PMC6168143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in Liver Cancer-1 (DLC1), a member of the RhoGAP family of proteins, functions as a tumor suppressor in several cancers including breast cancer. However, its clinical relevance is unclear in breast cancer. In this study, expression of DLC1 was correlated with prognosis using publicly available breast cancer gene expression datasets and quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR in cohorts of Estrogen Receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Low expression of DLC1 correlates with poor prognosis in patients with ER+ breast cancer with further decrease in metastatic lesions. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed that down regulation of DLC1 is not due to methylation or mutations. To seek further insights in understanding the role of DLC1 in ER+ breast cancer, we stably overexpressed DLC1-full-length (DLC1-FL) in T-47D breast cancer cells; this inhibited cell colony formation significantly in vitro compared to its control counterpart. Label-free global proteomic and TiO2 phosphopeptide enrichment assays (ProteomeXchange identifier PXD008220) showed that 205 and 122 phosphopeptides were unique to DLC1-FL cells and T-47D-control cells, respectively, whereas 6,726 were quantified by phosphoproteomics analysis in both conditions. The top three significant clusters of differentially phosphopeptides identified by DAVID pathway analysis represent cell-cell adhesion, mRNA processing and splicing, and transcription regulation. Phosphoproteomics analysis documented an inverse relation between DLC1 expression and several phosphopeptides including epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2). Decreased phosphorylation of ECT2 at the residue T359, critical for its active conformational change, was validated by western blot. In addition, the ECT2 T359-containing phosphopeptide was detected in both basal and luminal patient-derived breast cancers breast cancer phosphoproteomics data on the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) Assay portal. Together, for the first time, this implicates ECT2 phosphorylation in breast cancer, which has been proposed as a therapeutic target in lung cancer. In conclusion, this data suggests that low expression of DLC1 is associated with poor prognosis. Targeting ECT2 phosphopeptides could provide a promising mechanism for controlling poor prognosis seen in DLC1low ER+ breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Gökmen-Polar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jason D. True
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Edyta Vieth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Yuan Gu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Guihong D. Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Amber L. Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Sunil S. Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu HT, Xie CR, Lv J, Qi HQ, Wang F, Zhang S, Fang QL, Wang FQ, Lu YY, Yin ZY. The tumor suppressor DLC1 inhibits cancer progression and oncogenic autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1014-1024. [PMID: 29785050 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is associated with poor prognosis of various cancers, but its functional mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the roles of DLC1 in tumor progression and autophagy of HCC. We found that DLC1 was frequently downregulated in HCC tissues. Underexpression of DLC1 correlated with AFP level, vascular invasion, poor differentiation, and poor prognosis. In vitro assays revealed that DLC1 not only suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, but also inhibited autophagy of HCC cells. Mechanistic investigation revealed that DLC1 decreased TCF4 expression and the interaction between β-catenin and TCF4, then inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Additionally, DLC1 suppressed the ROCK1 activity and the dissociation of the Beclin1-Bcl2 complex, thereby inhibiting autophagy of HCC cells. In conclusion, our findings imply that loss of DLC1 contributes to the progression and oncogenic autophagy of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ta Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Cheng-Rong Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - He-Qiang Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of, Fujian, 350025, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Qin-Liang Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Yan Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Fujian, 361004, Xiamen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li X, Yang J, Bao M, Zeng K, Fu S, Wang C, Ye L. Wnt signaling in bone metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Life Sci 2018; 208:33-45. [PMID: 29969609 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis frequently occurs in advanced cancer patients, who will develop osteogenic/osteolytic bone lesions in the late stage of the disease. Wnt signaling pathway, which is mainly grouped into the β-catenin dependent pathway and β-catenin independent pathway, is a well-organized cascade that has been reported to play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, including bone metastasis. Regulation of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis involves multiple stages, including dissemination of primary tumor cells to bone, dormancy and outgrowth of metastatic tumor cells, and tumor-induced osteogenic and osteolytic bone destruction, suggesting the importance of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis pathology. In this review, we will introduce the involvement of Wnt signaling components in specific bone metastasis stages and summarize the promising Wnt modulators that have shown potential as bone metastasis therapeutics, in the hope to maximize the therapeutic opportunities of Wnt signaling for bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhuang X, Hu G. In vitro Osteoclastogenesis Assays Using Primary Mouse Bone Marrow Cells. Bio Protoc 2018; 8:e2875. [PMID: 34285989 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are a group of bone-absorbing cells to degenerate bone matrix and play pivotal roles in bone growth and homeostasis. The unbalanced induction of osteoclast differentiation (osteoclastogenesis) in pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis, arthritis and skeleton metastasis of cancer, causes great pain, bone fracture, hypercalcemia or even death to patients. In vitro osteoclastogenesis analysis is useful to better understand osteoclast formation in physiological and pathological conditions. Here we summarized an easy-to-follow osteoclastogenesis protocol, which is suitable to evaluate the effect of different factors (cytokines, small molecular chemicals and conditioned medium from cell culture) on osteoclast differentiation using primary murine bone marrow cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Zhuang
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Weaver SR, Hernandez LL. Could use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors During Lactation Cause Persistent Effects on Maternal Bone? J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018; 23:5-25. [PMID: 29603039 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lactating mammary gland elegantly coordinates maternal homeostasis to provide calcium for milk. During lactation, the monoamine serotonin regulates the synthesis and release of various mammary gland-derived factors, such as parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), to stimulate bone resorption. Recent evidence suggests that bone mineral lost during prolonged lactation is not fully recovered following weaning, possibly putting women at increased risk of fracture or osteoporosis. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants have also been associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Therefore, SSRI exposure while breastfeeding may exacerbate lactational bone loss, compromising long-term bone health. Through an examination of serotonin and calcium homeostasis during lactation, lactational bone turnover and post-weaning recovery of bone mineral, and the effect of peripartum depression and SSRI on the mammary gland and bone, this review will discuss the hypothesis that peripartum SSRI exposure causes persistent reductions in bone mineral density through mammary-derived PTHrP signaling with bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Weaver
- Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura L Hernandez
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang Y, Rong X, Lv X, Jiang W, Yang Y, Lai D, Xu S, Fu G. Inhibition of mevalonate pathway prevents ischemia-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats via RhoA-independent signaling pathway. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 35. [PMID: 28665545 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We previously demonstrated that anoxia-mediated Ca2+ handling dysfunction could be ameliorated through inhibition of mevalonate pathway via RhoA- and Ras-related mechanisms in H9c2 cells. In this study, we further explored whether inhibition of mevalonate pathway is associated with cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in ischemic cardiomyopathy, and discussed the possible role of Ras, Rac and RhoA in cardiac dysfunction. METHODS We investigated the role of mevalonate pathway in cardiac remodeling and cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling proteins expression in a rat model of cardiac dysfunction due to myocardial infarction (MI). After MI, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with drugs that antagonize key components in mevalonate pathway, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, and Rho-kinase for 10 weeks. The protein expression of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) 2a, phospholamban (PLB), phospho-PLB at serine-16 (PSer16-PLB), FKBP12.6, and RhoA as well as RyR2 and FKBP12.6 mRNA levels was evaluated. RESULTS Rosuvastatin and alendronate treatment prevented myocardial remodeling, improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size. Furthermore, rosuvastatin and alendronate promoted an increase in the protein expression of SERCA2a and PSer16-PLB/PLB ratio as well as partially restored the RyR2 and FKBP12.6 gene and protein expression. Fasudil failed to exert these beneficial effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that mevalonate pathway inhibition by rosuvastatin and alendronate prevents cardiac remodeling and dysfunction possibly through RhoA-independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiqing Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongwu Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zuo Y, Ulu A, Chang JT, Frost JA. Contributions of the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor Net1 to polyoma middle T antigen-mediated mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:41. [PMID: 29769144 PMCID: PMC5956559 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The RhoA activating protein Net1 contributes to breast cancer cell proliferation, motility, and invasion in vitro, yet little is known about its roles in mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Methods Net1 knockout (KO) mice were bred to mice with mammary gland specific expression of the polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) oncogene. Mammary gland tumorigenesis and lung metastasis were monitored. Individual tumors were assessed for proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, RhoA activation, and activation of PyMT-dependent signaling pathways. Primary tumor cells from wild-type and Net1 KO mice were transplanted into the mammary glands of wild-type, nontumor-bearing mice, and tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. Gene expression in wild-type and Net1 KO tumors was analyzed by gene ontology enrichment and for relative activation of gene expression signatures indicative of signaling pathways important for breast cancer initiation and progression. A gene expression signature indicative of Net1 function was identified. Human breast cancer gene expression profiles were screened for the presence of a Net1 gene expression signature. Results We show that Net1 makes fundamental contributions to mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Net1 deletion delays tumorigenesis and strongly suppresses metastasis in PyMT-expressing mice. Moreover, we observe that loss of Net1 reduces cancer cell proliferation, inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Net1 is required for maximal RhoA activation within tumors and for primary tumor cell motility. Furthermore, the ability of PyMT to initiate oncogenic signaling to ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt1 is inhibited by Net1 deletion. Primary tumor cell transplantation indicates that the reduction in tumor angiogenesis and lung metastasis observed upon Net1 deletion are tumor cell autonomous effects. Using a gene expression signature indicative of Net1 activity, we show that Net1 signaling is activated in 10% of human breast cancers, and that this correlates with elevated proliferation and PI3K pathway activity. We also demonstrate that human breast cancer patients with a high Net1 gene expression signature experience shorter distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions These data indicate that Net1 is required for tumor progression in the PyMT mouse model and suggest that Net1 may contribute to breast cancer progression in humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zuo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Frost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
de la Escosura-Muñiz A, Espinoza-Castañeda M, Chamorro-García A, Rodríguez-Hernández CJ, de Torres C, Merkoçi A. In situ monitoring of PTHLH secretion in neuroblastoma cells cultured onto nanoporous membranes. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 107:62-68. [PMID: 29438908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose for the first time the use of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoporous membranes for in situ monitoring of parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) secretion in cultured human cells. The biosensing system is based on the nanochannels blockage upon immunocomplex formation, which is electrically monitored through the voltammetric oxidation of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs). Models evaluated include a neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-AS) and immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) as a control of high PTHLH production. The effect of total number of seeded cells and incubation time on the secreted PTHLH levels is assessed, finding that secreted PTHLH levels range from approximately 60 to 400 ng/mL. Moreover, our methodology is also applied to analyse PTHLH production following PTHLH gene knockdown upon transient cell transfection with a specific silencing RNA (siRNA). Given that inhibition of PTHLH secretion reduces cell proliferation, survival and invasiveness in a number of tumors, our system provides a powerful tool for the preclinical evaluation of therapies that regulate PTHLH production. This nanoporous membrane - based sensing technology might be useful to monitor the active secretion of other proteins as well, thus contributing to characterize their regulation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marisol Espinoza-Castañeda
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Chamorro-García
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Arben Merkoçi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Differential effects on lung and bone metastasis of breast cancer by Wnt signalling inhibitor DKK1. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:1274-1285. [PMID: 28892080 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is a systemic disease, and metastasis determinants might elicit completely different effects in various target organs. Here we show that tumour-secreted DKK1 is a serological marker of breast cancer metastasis organotropism and inhibits lung metastasis. DKK1 suppresses PTGS2-induced macrophage and neutrophil recruitment in lung metastases by antagonizing cancer cell non-canonical WNT/PCP-RAC1-JNK signalling. In the lungs, DKK1 also inhibits WNT/Ca2+-CaMKII-NF-κB signalling and suppresses LTBP1-mediated TGF-β secretion of cancer cells. In contrast, DKK1 promotes breast-to-bone metastasis by regulating canonical WNT signalling of osteoblasts. Importantly, targeting canonical WNT may not be beneficial to treatment of metastatic cancer, while combinatory therapy against JNK and TGF-β signalling effectively prevents metastasis to both the lungs and bone. Thus, DKK1 represents a class of Janus-faced molecules with dichotomous roles in organotropic metastasis, and our data provide a rationale for new anti-metastasis approaches.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this article, we will discuss the current understanding of bone pain and muscle weakness in cancer patients. We will describe the underlying physiology and mechanisms of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) and cancer-induced muscle wasting (CIMW), as well as current methods of diagnosis and treatment. We will discuss future therapies and research directions to help patients with these problems. RECENT FINDINGS There are several pharmacologic therapies that are currently in preclinical and clinical testing that appear to be promising adjuncts to current CIBP and CIMW therapies. Such therapies include resiniferitoxin, which is a targeted inhibitor of noceciptive nerve fibers, and selective androgen receptor modulators, which show promise in increasing lean mass. CIBP and CIMW are significant causes of morbidity in affected patients. Current management is mostly palliative; however, targeted therapies are poised to revolutionize how these problems are treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Milgrom
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Neha L Lad
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Leonidas G Koniaris
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Teresa A Zimmers
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mechanisms governing metastatic dormancy in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 44:72-82. [PMID: 28344165 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a systemic disease characterized by early dissemination of tumor cells to distant organs. In this foreign environment, tumor cells may stay in a dormant state as single cells or as micrometastases for many years before growing out into a macrometastatic lesion. As metastasis is the primary cause for breast cancer-related death, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of dormancy and dormancy escape to find druggable targets to eradicate metastatic tumor cells. Metastatic dormancy is regulated by complex interactions between tumor cells and the local microenvironment. In addition, cancer-directed immunity and systemic instigation play a crucial role.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The spread of cancer from a primary tumor to distant organ sites is the most devastating aspect of malignancy. Dissemination to specific organs depends upon blood flow patterns and characteristics of the distant organ environment, such as the vascular architecture, stromal cell content, and the biochemical milieu of growth factors, signaling molecules, and metabolic substrates, which can be permissive or antagonistic to metastatic colonization. Metastatic tumor cells possess intrinsic cellular properties selected for adaptation to specific organ environments, where they co-opt growth and survival signals, undergo metabolic reprogramming, and subvert resident stromal cell activities to promote extravasation, immune evasion, angiogenesis, and overt metastatic growth. Recent work and new experimental models of metastatic organotropism are uncovering crucial details of how malignant cells metastasize to specific tissues, revealing key mediators that prepare metastatic niches in specific organs and identifying new targets that offer attractive options for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heath A. Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
SMURF2 regulates bone homeostasis by disrupting SMAD3 interaction with vitamin D receptor in osteoblasts. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14570. [PMID: 28216630 PMCID: PMC5321737 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is required for bone health and homeostasis. Here we show that mice deficient in SMURF2 have severe osteoporosis in vivo. This low bone mass phenotype is accompanied by a pronounced increase in osteoclast numbers, although Smurf2-deficient osteoclasts have no intrinsic alterations in activity. Smurf2-deficient osteoblasts display increased expression of RANKL, the central osteoclastogenic cytokine. Mechanistically, SMURF2 regulates RANKL expression by disrupting the interaction between SMAD3 and vitamin D receptor by altering SMAD3 ubiquitination. Selective deletion of Smurf2 in the osteoblast lineage recapitulates the phenotype of germline Smurf2-deficient mice, indicating that SMURF2 regulates osteoblast-dependent osteoclast activity rather than directly affecting the osteoclast. Our results reveal SMURF2 as an important regulator of the critical communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Furthermore, the bone mass phenotype in Smurf2- and Smurf1-deficient mice is opposite, indicating that SMURF2 has a non-overlapping and, in some respects, opposite function to SMURF1. The balance between osteoclast and osteoblast-mediated bone turnover is essential for bone health and homeostasis. Here the authors show that both germline and osteoblast-specific Smurf2-deficient mice have osteoporosis as a result of increased osteoblast RANKL production and excess osteoclastogenesis.
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang X, Zhang L, Du Y, Zheng H, Zhang P, Sun Y, Wang Y, Chen J, Ding P, Wang N, Yang C, Huang T, Yao X, Qiao Q, Gu H, Cai G, Cai S, Zhou X, Hu W. A novel FOXM1 isoform, FOXM1D, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis through ROCKs activation in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:807-819. [PMID: 27399334 PMCID: PMC5311249 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical event in metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Rho/ROCKs signaling has a pivotal role in orchestrating actin cytoskeleton, leading to EMT and cancer invasion. However, the underlying mechanisms for ROCKs activation are not fully understood. Here, we identified FOXM1D, a novel isoform of Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) that has a pivotal role in ROCKs activation by directly interacting with coiled-coil region of ROCK2. FOXM1D overexpression significantly polymerizes actin assembly and impairs E-cadherin expression, resulting in EMT and metastasis in xenograft mouse model and knockdown of FOXM1D has the opposite effect. Moreover, a high FOXM1D level correlates closely with clinical CRC metastasis. FOXM1D-induced ROCKs activation could be abrogated by the ROCKs inhibitors Y-27632 and fasudil. These observations indicate that the FOXM1D-ROCK2 interaction is crucial for Rho/ROCKs signaling and provide novel insight into actin cytoskeleton regulation and therapeutic potential for CRC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Du
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - P Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Sun
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - P Ding
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - N Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - C Yang
- Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - X Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Qiao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Gu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Zhou
- Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Hu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Functions of Rho family of small GTPases and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases in bone cells during differentiation and mineralization. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1009-1023. [PMID: 28188861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCKs) are effectors of Rho family of small GTPases. ROCKs have multiple functions that include regulation of cellular contraction and polarity, adhesion, motility, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, maturation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). SCOPE OF THE REVIEW Here, we focus on the action of RhoA and RhoA effectors, ROCK1 and ROCK2, in cells related to tissue mineralization: mesenchymal stem cells, chondrocytes, preosteoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, lining cells and osteoclasts. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway promotes stress fiber formation and reduces chondrocyte and osteogenic differentiations, in contrast to that in mesenchymal stem cells which stimulated the osteogenic and the chondrogenic differentiation. The effects of Rac1 and Cdc42 in promoting chondrocyte hypertrophy and of Rac1, Rac2 and Cdc42 in osteoclast are discussed. In addition, members of the Rho family of GTPases such Rac1, Rac2, Rac3 and Cdc42, acting upstream of ROCK and/or other protein effectors, may compensate the actions of RhoA, affecting directly or indirectly the actions of ROCKs as well as other protein effectors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE ROCK activity can trigger cartilage degradation and affect bone formation, therefore these kinases may represent a possible therapeutic target to treat osteoarthritis and osseous diseases. Inhibition of Rho/ROCK activity in chondrocytes prevents cartilage degradation, stimulate mineralization of osteoblasts and facilitate bone formation around implanted metals. Treatment with osteoprotegerin results in a significant decrease in the expression of Rho GTPases, ROCK1 and ROCK2, reducing bone resorption. Inhibition of ROCK signaling increases osteoblast differentiation in a topography-dependent manner.
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu C, Liu Y, Zhang W, Liu X. Screening for potential genes associated with bone overgrowth after mid-shaft femur fracture in a rat model. J Orthop Surg Res 2017; 12:8. [PMID: 28095896 PMCID: PMC5240322 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of bone overgrowth after femoral fracture by using high-throughput bioinformatics approaches. Methods The gene expression profile of GSE3298 (accession number) was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Sixteen femoral growth plate samples, including nine samples without fracture and seven fracture samples for seven time points, were used for analysis. The Limma package was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between fractured and intact samples. The DAVID online tool was used for Gene ontology functional and pathway enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network established by String software was used to identify interactions between significant DEGs, and network modules were detected using plug-in MCODE. Additionally, a transcription regulatory network was constructed based on the ENCODE Project and PPI network. Results A total of 680 DEGs were screened in fractured femoral growth plate samples compared with controls, including 238 up- and 442 down-regulated genes. These DEGs were significantly involved in the calcium signaling pathway and cancer pathway. A PPI network was constructed with 167 nodes and 233 edges, and module analysis demonstrated that CCL2, CSF2, NOS2, and DLC1 may stimulate bone overgrowth after femoral fracture via anti-apoptosis-related functions. A transcription regulatory network was constructed with 387 interacting pairs, and overlapping nodes were significantly enriched in intracellular signaling cascade and regulation of cell proliferation, among others. Conclusions Bone overgrowth was associated with changes in the expression of identified DEGs such as CCL2, NOS2, CSF2, and DLC1 in the femoral head. They may be important in regulating bone overgrowth via the anti-apoptosis of osteoblasts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13018-017-0510-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chibing Liu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang St 218 Nan Guan District, Changchun, 130041, China
| | | | - Weizhong Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Xiuxin Liu
- The Six Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Medical Examination Center, Autonomous Region, Five Star South Road, No. 39, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur, 830002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhao S, Sun H, Jiang W, Mi Y, Zhang D, Wen Y, Cheng D, Tang H, Wu S, Yu Y, Liu X, Cui W, Zhang M, Sun X, Zhou Z, Peng Z, Yan D. miR-4775 promotes colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis via the Smad7/TGFβ-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:12. [PMID: 28095858 PMCID: PMC5240405 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), many patients die because of tumor metastasis or recurrence. Therefore, identifying new prognostic markers and elucidating the mechanisms of CRC metastasis and recurrence will help to improve the prognosis of the disease. As dysregulation of microRNAs is strongly related to cancer progression, the aim of this study was to identify the role of miR-4775 in the prognosis of CRC patients and the underling mechanisms involved in CRC progression. Methods qPCR and in situ hybridization were used to evaluate the expression of miR-4775 in 544 pairs of paraffin-embedded normal and CRC tissues. Kaplan–Meier analysis with the log-rank test was used for survival analyses. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to investigate the expression of miR-4775-regulated Smad7/TGFβ pathway-associated markers. In vitro and in vivo invasion and metastasis assays were used to explore the function of miR-4775 in the progression of CRC. Results miR-4775 was identified as a high-risk factor for CRC metastasis and recurrence, with high levels predicting poor survival among the 544 studied CRC patients. Furthermore, high miR-4775 expression promoted the invasion of CRC cells as well as metastasis and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via Smad7-mediated activation of TGFβ signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Downregulating miR-4775 or overexpressing Smad7 reversed the tumor-promoting roles of miR-4775/Smad7/TGFβ in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion miR-4775 promotes CRC metastasis and recurrence in a Smad7/TGFβ signaling-dependent manner, providing a new therapeutic target for inhibiting the metastasis or recurrence of the disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0585-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Hongcheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Weiliang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yushuai Mi
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yugang Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dantong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Huamei Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shaohan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, 1518 Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xisheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Weiyingqi Cui
- Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dongan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Zongguang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Dongwang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li G, Hu J, Hu G. Biomarker Studies in Early Detection and Prognosis of Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1026:27-39. [PMID: 29282678 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6020-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is characterized with enormous heterogeneity, which represents the major hurdle for accurate diagnosis and curative therapy. It is generally believed that genome unstability and molecular evolvability underlie the robustness of cancer cells in hostile microenvironment and their resilience to therapeutic intervention. Conventional histopathological classification of breast cancer falls short of providing sufficient prognostic and predictive power, and thus biomarkers indicative of tumor intrinsic features at molecular levels have been actively pursued in biomedical researches. Currently, a number of molecular biomarkers are being used in standard clinical practice, including the hormone receptors for breast cancer subtyping and several genes involved in genome maintenance for prediction of breast cancer susceptibility. In addition, a number of biomarkers of single genes or multigene signatures have been approved for clinical use for breast cancer prognosis. A growing body of molecular biomarkers are being studied and tested to facilitate disease diagnosis and management, especially for breast cancer early detection, accurate prediction of metastatic behaviors, and selection of therapy. However, most of them are still at the preclinical stages. Finally, biomarkers of noninvasive protocols, such as serological molecules, have advantages in detection convenience over other biomarker types and therefore are of particular interest in translational and clinical development to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu J, Lei R, Zhuang X, Li X, Li G, Lev S, Segura MF, Zhang X, Hu G. MicroRNA-182 targets SMAD7 to potentiate TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of cancer cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13884. [PMID: 27996004 PMCID: PMC5187443 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway plays critical roles during cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. SMAD7 is both a transcriptional target and a negative regulator of TGFβ signalling, thus mediating a negative feedback loop that may potentially restrain TGFβ responses of cancer cells. Here, however, we show that TGFβ treatment induces SMAD7 transcription but not its protein level in a panel of cancer cells. Mechanistic studies reveal that TGFβ activates the expression of microRNA-182 (miR-182), which suppresses SMAD7 protein. miR-182 silencing leads to SMAD7 upregulation on TGFβ treatment and prevents TGFβ-induced EMT and invasion of cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-182 promotes breast tumour invasion and TGFβ-induced osteoclastogenesis for bone metastasis. Furthermore, miR-182 expression inversely correlates with SMAD7 protein in human tumour samples. Therefore, our data reveal the miR-182-mediated disruption of TGFβ self-restraint and provide a mechanism to explain the unleashed TGFβ responses in metastatic cancer cells. SMAD7 is a transcriptional target and a negative regulator of TGFβ signalling forming a negative feedback loop. Here the authors show that in cancer cells TGFβ activates the expression of microRNA-182 that suppresses SMAD7 protein, promoting TGFβ-mediated breast tumour invasion and bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rong Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xueqian Zhuang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sima Lev
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Miguel F Segura
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Xue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu P, Lin X, Feng XH. Posttranslational Regulation of Smads. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2016; 8:cshperspect.a022087. [PMID: 27908935 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family signaling dictates highly complex programs of gene expression responses, which are extensively regulated at multiple levels and vary depending on the physiological context. The formation, activation, and destruction of two major functional complexes in the TGF-β signaling pathway (i.e., the TGF-β receptor complexes and the Smad complexes that act as central mediators of TGF-β signaling) are direct targets for posttranslational regulation. Dysfunction of these complexes often leads or contributes to pathogenesis in cancer and fibrosis and in cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases. Here we discuss recent insights into the roles of posttranslational modifications in the functions of the receptor-activated Smads in the common Smad4 and inhibitory Smads, and in the control of the physiological responses to TGF-β. It is now evident that these modifications act as decisive factors in defining the intensity and versatility of TGF-β responsiveness. Thus, the characterization of posttranslational modifications of Smads not only sheds light on how TGF-β controls physiological and pathological processes but may also guide us to manipulate the TGF-β responses for therapeutic benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinglong Xu
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu Y, Zhou J, Hu Y, Wang J, Yuan C. Curcumin inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells through demethylation of DLC1 promoter. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 425:47-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|