Toffoli L, Bazzacco G, Conforti C, Guarneri C, Giuffrida R, Zelin E, di Meo N, Zalaudek I. Pilomatrix Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases of the Head and Review of the Literature.
Curr Oncol 2023;
30:1426-1438. [PMID:
36826070 PMCID:
PMC9955132 DOI:
10.3390/curroncol30020109]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Pilomatrix carcinoma (PC) is a rare skin tumor arising from hair follicle matrix cells. It is locally aggressive with a high rate of local recurrence after surgical excision. Few cases in the literature have been described and the management is not well defined.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to present two cases of PC located on the head and review the relevant literature about epidemiology, clinical and dermoscopic evaluation, characteristics of local and distant metastases, local recurrence rate and management of this rare skin tumor.
METHODS
We consulted databases from PubMed, Research Gate and Google Scholar, from January 2012 to November 2022. We reviewed the literature and reported two additional cases.
RESULTS
We selected 52 tumors in middle-aged to older patients located mostly on the head. Dermoscopy evaluation was rarely performed in the pre-operative diagnostic setting. The most definitive treatment was wide local excision, but local recurrences were common. In total, we observed 11 cases of recurrences and 9 patients with locoregional or distant metastases. Four patients received adjuvant radiotherapy, two patients needed chemotherapy and local cancer therapy and one patient received radiochemotherapy.
CONCLUSION
Our reports and the review of the literature can provide a better awareness and management of this rare tumor.
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