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Kraimer K, Scott B, Farrell N, Geltzeiler M, Smith T, Detwiller K. Postoperative Pain Following Coblation of Sinonasal Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasias. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2024; 133:58-62. [PMID: 37377016 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231182212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease and epistaxis is the most common symptom. This can be treated conservatively but severe cases may require operative interventions. Endoscopic endonasal coblation of HHT lesions has been used successfully but postoperative pain management has not been well described. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess levels of postoperative pain and opioid use among patients with HHT who underwent coblation of sinonasal lesions. METHODS This is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal coblation for treatment of HHT lesions with or without bevacizumab injection between November 2019 and March 2020 at a single academic university hospital. Patients were given preoperative questionnaires and contacted via telephone 48 hours after surgery. If they reported using opioids for pain control, they were called every 2 days until they no longer used these medications. RESULTS Fourteen cases, including 13 unique patients, were included in this study. Opioids were ordered on discharge in 4 cases and the average morphine milligram equivalent prescribed on discharge was 41. The median pain score on postoperative day (POD) 2 was 4 of 10. Twelve patients reported using acetaminophen and 4 were using opioid pain medications. Of those using opioid pain medications, only 1 patient was using opioid pain medication by POD 4 and denied any use after POD 10. CONCLUSION This study is the first to analyze postoperative pain management and opioid prescribing patterns in HHT patients undergoing endonasal coblation of telangiectasias. Postoperative pain was mild to moderate and most patients stopped using opioid medications by POD 4, although the majority of patients solely used acetaminophen. Future studies with increased sample size will be useful to further identify predictors of need for analgesics postoperatively and other non-opioid adjuncts for pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Kraimer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian Scott
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nyssa Farrell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, MI, USA
| | - Mathew Geltzeiler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Timothy Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kara Detwiller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Lee DJ, Grose E, Brenna CTA, Philteos J, Lightfoot D, Kirubalingam K, Chan Y, Palmer JN, Adappa ND, Lee JM. The benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative analgesia in sinonasal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:1738-1757. [PMID: 36762711 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have emerged as an alternative to opioids for optimal postoperative pain management. However, the adoption of NSAIDs in sinonasal surgery has been impeded by a theoretical concern for postoperative bleeding. Our objective is to systematically review the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs for patients undergoing sinonasal surgery. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched from inception to January 27, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative observational studies in any language were considered. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate. Our outcomes were postoperative pain scores, requirement for rescue analgesia, and postoperative adverse events (epistaxis, nausea/vomiting). RESULTS Out of 4661 records, 15 RCTs (enrolling 1210 patients) and two observational studies were included. Following endoscopic sinus surgery, there was no difference in pain scores between NSAIDs and non-NSAIDs groups (standardized mean differences [SMD] 0.44 units better, 95% CI -0.18 to 1.05). Following septorhinoplasty, NSAIDs decreased pain scores compared to non-NSAID regimens (SMD 1.14 units better, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.67 units better). Overall, NSAIDs reduced the need for rescue medication with a relative risk (RR) of 0.45 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.84). In addition, NSAIDs decreased the risk of nausea with an RR of 0.62 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.91) and did not increase the risk of epistaxis (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.23-2.22). CONCLUSION Among patients undergoing sinonasal surgery, NSAIDs are beneficial in postoperative pain management and avoidance of postoperative nausea without increasing the risk of postoperative epistaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elysia Grose
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor T A Brenna
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justine Philteos
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Lightfoot
- St. Michael's Hospital Health Sciences Library, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yvonne Chan
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James N Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John M Lee
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Steigerwald L, Schinz K, Sievert M, Mantsopoulos K, Gostian AO, Iro H, Mueller SK. Differences in Need for Opioids After Sinonasal Surgery at Day of Surgery and in the Postoperative Period. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023; 102:110-116. [PMID: 33433234 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320983180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last years, the use of opioid analgesics has increased, as well as their morbidity and mortality, especially in the United States. Most patients after sinonasal surgery receive opioid analgesics, although up to 90% have leftover opioid pills. Around 70% of these patients keep the opioid analgesics, which could possibly lead to improper use. The objective of the following study was the investigation of the need for, use of, timing and side effects of opioid and non-opioid analgesics after sinonasal surgery. METHODS This was a retrospective study of (n = 280) patients who underwent sinonasal surgery in the Otolaryngology Department of the University Erlangen-Nürnberg between January and December 2018. The postoperative pain (3-5 days after surgery) using the numeric rating scale and the postoperative need for on-demand opioids and non-opioid analgesics in relation to demographic and surgical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Of total, 59.64% of all patients received opioid analgesics postoperatively on the day of surgery. On the first postoperative day (POD1), the mean pain score yielded the highest values; however, only 0.71% of the patients needed opioid analgesics, and pain was sufficiently controlled with non-opioids or no pain medication at all. There was a significant reduction of the pain score from POD2 to 5 (P = .01; P < .01, respectively). Only 1.8% of the patients needed an opioid analgesic from POD1-5. Of total, 2.1% of the patients presented with a postoperative bleeding complication, and only 1 (0.4%) patient needed endoscopic coagulation. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the majority of patients need opioid analgesics almost exclusively on the day of surgery. There were no major complications in patients taking either opioid or non-opioids. Our results indicate that the postoperative pain regimen from POD1 should initially be started using non-opioid analgesics and be further escalated to opioid analgesics in individual cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Steigerwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Schinz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matti Sievert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Mantsopoulos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antoniu-Oreste Gostian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Iro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sarina K Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Bergman JE, Casiano RR, Perez AB, Mantero AM, Levine CG. Opiate vs non-opiate prescription medication for pain control after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103214. [PMID: 34607277 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research indicates that most providers give opiates after endoscopic sinonasal surgery. The effectiveness of non-opiate medications after sinonasal surgery is poorly understood and most studies do not assess medication failure. This study compares oral opiate, oral opiate and topical steroid, and oral non-opiate pain control. Patient call-backs are used as a proxy for pain medication failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compares three medication regiments after sinonasal surgery for 180 adults with chronic rhinosinusitis. Patients were instructed to take acetaminophen for mild pain. For moderate/severe pain, patients used: 1) oxycodone-acetaminophen, 2) oxycodone-acetaminophen + budesonide nasal rinses, or 3) meloxicam + acetaminophen. Patients were instructed to call clinic if pain was not controlled. Descriptive statistics compared cohorts. Chi-square tests compared call-backs between cohorts. Logistic regression adjusted for baseline differences in covariates, comorbidities, and operative sites. RESULTS Cohorts had similar age, sex distribution, disease features, and extent of surgery. The meloxicam cohort had less subjects with pain disorders. The oxycodone cohort had less subjects with diabetes, septoplasty, and turbinate reduction. After adjusting for baseline differences and using oxycodone as the reference group (n = 50), the odds of calling clinic for poorly controlled pain was 0.18 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.05-0.6) in the meloxicam cohort (n = 45) and 0.19 (95% CI:0.07-0.5) in the oxycodone + budesonide rinses cohort (n = 85). CONCLUSION In this study, both meloxicam and oxycodone + budesonide rinses were more effective at controlling pain after sinonasal surgery than oxycodone alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Bergman
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Roy R Casiano
- Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Program, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, United States of America
| | - Ana B Perez
- Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Program, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, United States of America
| | - Alejandro M Mantero
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, United States of America
| | - Corinna G Levine
- Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Program, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, United States of America.
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Pandrangi VC, Scott BL, Pailet J, Mace JC, Farrell NF, Geltzeiler M, Smith TL, Detwiller KY. Pain and Opioid Consumption Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:2096-2102. [PMID: 34843110 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Surgeons have a critical role in the current opioid epidemic, and there is a need to prospectively understand patterns of pain and opioid use among patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational cohort. METHODS This was a prospective, observational cohort study that included patients undergoing ESS from November 2019 to March 2020. Demographic data were collected at baseline, as was respondent information regarding preoperative anxiety, pain, and postoperative pain expectations. Opioid use was converted to milligram morphine equivalents (MME). All patients received 10 tablets of 5 mg oxycodone (75 MME). Patients quantified postoperative pain and opioid consumption via telephone follow-up every 48 hours. The primary outcome was total MME utilized. RESULTS There were 91 patients included in the final cohort. Mean opioid use was 35.2 ± 47.3 MME. There were 29 (32%) patients who did not use any opioids after surgery, and six (7%) patients who required opioid refills. Postoperative opioid use was associated with increased preoperative anxiety (r = 0.41, P < .001), preoperative pain (r = 0.28, P = .007), and expectations for postoperative pain (r = 0.36, P < .001). Increased postoperative pain was only associated with increased opioid use on postoperative days 0-2 (r = 0.33, P = .001) and 3-4 (r = 0.59, P < .001). On multivariate regression, former smoking (β = 23.4 MME, SE = 10.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3-43.5, P = .023) and anxiety (β = 35.9, SE = 10.2, 95% CI: 15.6-56.3, P < .001) were associated with increased MME. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients have minimal opioid use after ESS, and pain appears to influence opioid use within the first 4 days after surgery. Additionally, patients with anxiety may benefit from alternative pain management strategies to mitigate opioid consumption. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek C Pandrangi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Brian L Scott
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Jasmina Pailet
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Jess C Mace
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Nyssa F Farrell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Mathew Geltzeiler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Timothy L Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Kara Y Detwiller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
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Rimmer RA, Scott B, Pailet J, Farrell NF, Mace JC, Detwiller KY, Smith TL, Dogan A, Gupta S, Andersen P, Cetas J, Geltzeiler M. Opioid use after endoscopic skull base surgery: A descriptive, prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2021; 12:160-171. [PMID: 34309220 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid abuse is a public health crisis and the perioperative period can be a time of first opioid exposure. Little is known about postoperative pain management after endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS). METHODS This investigation was a single-institution, longitudinal, prospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing ESBS between November 2019 and March 2020. Participants completed preoperative questionnaires and were contacted every 48 hours postoperatively to quantify pain and opioid consumption. RESULTS A total of 33 patients were enrolled and 28 of 33 patients (85%) underwent ESBS for sellar pathology. Mean total morphine milligram equivalents (MME) consumed was 381.9 ± 476.0. History of a headache disorder (p = 0.025) and previous opioid use within 60 days preoperatively (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with greater opioid use. Mean duration of opioid use was 6.7 ± 5.1 (range, 0-20) days. Headache disorder (p = 0.01), depression (p = 0.03), anxiety (p = 0.03), age ≤46 years (p = 0.029), and previous opioid use (p = 0.008) were all associated with longer mean opioid use. Patients with headache disorder also reported higher mean postoperative pain scores. Fewer than half of the participants required opioids by postoperative day 8. Prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at discharge was significantly associated with less outpatient opioid use (p = 0.032). At 2-month follow-up, 37% of patients reported keeping excess opioids. CONCLUSION After ESBS, greater total opioid use was significantly associated with history of headaches and previous opioid use within 60 days. Overall, opioid use declined among all patients in the postoperative period, but several factors may contribute to longer duration of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Rimmer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Brian Scott
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jasmina Pailet
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Nyssa Fox Farrell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jess C Mace
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Kara Y Detwiller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Timothy L Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Aclan Dogan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Sachin Gupta
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Peter Andersen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Justin Cetas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Mathew Geltzeiler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
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Lee JT, Levine CG, Overdevest JB, Higgins TS, Manes RP, Myhill JA, Soler ZM. American Rhinologic Society expert practice statement: Postoperative pain management and opioid use after sinonasal surgery. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2021; 11:1296-1307. [PMID: 34251080 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this American Rhinologic Society expert practice statement (EPS) is to provide clinically applicable, evidence-based recommendations regarding pain management in sinonasal surgery. This EPS was developed following the recommended methodology and approval process as previously outlined. The topics of interest included preoperative counseling, local anesthesia, use of opioids for postoperative pain, use of nonopioid medication for postoperative pain, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and bleeding, and use of gabapentin for pain control. Following a modified Delphi approach, 6 statements were developed, 5 of which reached consensus and 1 that did not. These statements and accompanying evidence are summarized along with an assessment of future needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jivianne T Lee
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Corinna G Levine
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jonathan B Overdevest
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Thomas S Higgins
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - R Peter Manes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jeffrey A Myhill
- Otolaryngology and Allergy, North East Arkansas Baptist Clinic, Jonesboro, AR
| | - Zachary M Soler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Are opioids necessary in post sinus surgery care? Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 29:27-30. [PMID: 33337609 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of the review is to review the recent literature on the use of opioids in post sinus surgery care. RECENT FINDINGS Research regarding the use of opioids in post sinus surgery over the past two years support previous thinking that there is an overprescription of opioids for an operation which is not particularly painful, resulting in the potential for narcotic abuse and misuse. SUMMARY Large randomized controlled trials with detailed pain recording scoring systems are needed to assess the opioid requirements - if any - after sinus surgery.
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Preoperative Gabapentin Administration and Its Impact on Postoperative Opioid Requirement and Pain in Sinonasal Surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 164:889-894. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599820952805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective To determine the efficacy of preoperative gabapentin on patient-reported pain levels and postoperative opioid requirements following sinonasal surgery. Study Design Retrospective review. Setting Academic institution. Methods Patients undergoing sinonasal surgery between July 2019 and January 2020 were followed. Groups were divided into those that received 600 mg of oral gabapentin 1 hour preoperatively (gabapentin) and those that did not (control). Postoperatively, each patient was counseled to use acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and oxycodone as needed for pain control. Patients completed a daily postoperative pain and medication log. Pain was measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) and opioid use by morphine equivalent dose (MED). Chi-square test and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis. Results Fifty-seven patients were included (control, n = 28; gabapentin, n = 29). There was no significant difference in age, sex, or baseline Sinonasal Outcome Test–22 scores between the groups. The total MED, postoperative day (POD) 1-2 MED, POD 3-4 MED, and POD 5-6 MED did not differ significantly between the control (17.9, 12.2, 4.6, 1.5) and gabapentin (19.0, 8.9, 7.2, 3.5) groups ( P = .98, .25, .16, .44). The mean daily VAS score did not differ significantly between the control (3.1) and gabapentin (2.8) groups ( P = .81). The mean daily VAS score decreased significantly in both groups with each successive POD ( P = .004). Conclusion Preoperative gabapentin did not significantly reduce postoperative pain or opioid use. Postoperative discomfort following sinonasal surgery is mild, and opioid intake is minimal.
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