1
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Xia Y, Zou S, Xie P, Feng X. A kind of multi-dot ensemble regression AI detector for lubricating oil additive content based on lambert-beer law. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124436. [PMID: 38776667 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a Multi-dot Ensemble Regression AI detector (MER) based on the Lambert-Beer law. We pre-trained a model using the infrared spectral data of target additives collected in advance to detect the target additives in unknown oil samples. The algorithm's feasibility was validated by assessing the content of additives in a series of simulated commercial oil samples that were not part of the training set. We established models for three common lubricating oil additives (anti-friction, anti-wear, and antioxidant agents), demonstrating their effectiveness in oil sample detection. Additionally, by comparing with other algorithms, we established the superiority of MER in small-sample learning scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Xia
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shaode Zou
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Peiyuan Xie
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xin Feng
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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2
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Huber M, Trubetskov M, Schweinberger W, Jacob P, Zigman M, Krausz F, Pupeza I. Standardized Electric-Field-Resolved Molecular Fingerprinting. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39073985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Field-resolved infrared spectroscopy (FRS) of impulsively excited molecular vibrations can surpass the sensitivity of conventional time-integrating spectroscopies, owing to a temporal separation of the molecular signal from the noisy excitation. However, the resonant response carrying the molecular signal of interest depends on both the amplitude and phase of the excitation, which can vary over time and across different instruments. To date, this has compromised the accuracy with which FRS measurements could be compared, which is a crucial factor for practical applications. Here, we utilize a data processing procedure that overcomes this shortcoming while preserving the sensitivity of FRS. We validate the approach for aqueous solutions of molecules. The employed approach is compatible with established processing and evaluation methods for the analysis of infrared spectra and can be applied to existing spectra from databases, facilitating the spread of FRS to new molecular analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinus Huber
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology─Member of the Research Alliance, Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Physics Department and State Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - M Trubetskov
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Schweinberger
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Center for Molecular Fingerprinting, 1093 Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Jacob
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Zigman
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Center for Molecular Fingerprinting, 1093 Budapest, Hungary
| | - F Krausz
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Center for Molecular Fingerprinting, 1093 Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Pupeza
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology─Member of the Research Alliance, Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Physics Department and State Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics ITWM, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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3
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Spange S, Seifert A. Solvatochromism in Mixtures of Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) Solvents with Water. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400077. [PMID: 38709643 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The UV/Vis absorption energies νmax of Reichardt's dye B30 with respect to ET(30) and 4-nitroaniline (NA) are investigated as a function of the solvent composition Nav,z. in co-solvent/water mixtures. Nav,z. is the average molar concentration of the solvent mixture at a given solvent fraction z. The z can be the mole, the volume or the mass fraction. The co-solvents considered were acetonitrile, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, piperidine and 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol. Acetone and acetonitrile can be expected to slightly enhance the water structure at low co-solvent concentrations. This interpretation is supported by the analysis of the refractive index as a function of the solvent composition. In general, it can be stated that the structural complexity of the binary solvent mixtures is mainly responsible for the evolution of the absorption energies ET(30) or νmax(NA) as a function of the mixture composition. In particular, the endothermic solvation of NA in co-solvent/water mixtures and its effect on the νmax(NA) is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Spange
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Technology Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Andreas Seifert
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Technology Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
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4
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Park Y, Noda I, Jung YM. Novel Developments and Progress in Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024:37028241255393. [PMID: 38872353 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241255393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
This first of the two-part series of the comprehensive survey review on the progress of the two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) field during the period 2021-2022, covers books, reviews, tutorials, novel concepts and theories, and patent applications that appeared in the last two years, as well as some inappropriate use or citations of 2D-COS. The overall trend clearly shows that 2D-COS is continually growing and evolving with notable new developments. The technique is well recognized as a powerful analytical tool that provides deep insights into systems in many science fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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5
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Park Y, Noda I, Jung YM. Diverse Applications of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024:37028241256397. [PMID: 38835153 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241256397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This second of the two-part series of a comprehensive survey review provides the diverse applications of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) covering different probes, perturbations, and systems in the last two years. Infrared spectroscopy has maintained its top popularity in 2D-COS over the past two years. Fluorescence spectroscopy is the second most frequently used analytical method, which has been heavily applied to the analysis of heavy metal binding, environmental, and solution systems. Various other analytical methods including laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, capillary electrophoresis, seismologic, and so on, have also been reported. In the last two years, concentration, composition, and pH are the main effects of perturbation used in the 2D-COS fields, as well as temperature. Environmental science is especially heavily studied using 2D-COS. This comprehensive survey review shows that 2D-COS undergoes continuous evolution and growth, marked by novel developments and successful applications across diverse scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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6
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Zerulla B, Krstić M, Chen S, Yu Z, Beutel D, Holzer C, Nyman M, Nefedov A, Wang Y, Mayerhöfer TG, Wöll C, Rockstuhl C. Polarization-dependent effects in vibrational absorption spectra of 2D finite-size adsorbate islands on dielectric substrates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13683-13693. [PMID: 38660936 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00860j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In the last few years, infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) has become a standard technique to study vibrational excitations of molecules. These investigations are strongly motivated by potential applications in monitoring chemical processes. For a better understanding of the adsorption mechanism of molecules on dielectrics, the polarization-dependence of an interaction of infrared light with adsorbates on dielectric surfaces is commonly used. Thus, the peak positions in absorption spectra could be different for s- and p-polarized light. This shift between the peak positions depends on both the molecule itself and the dielectric substrate. While the origin of this shift is well understood for infinite two-dimensional adsorbate layers, finite-size samples, which consist of 2D islands of a small number of molecules, have never been considered. Here, we present a study on polarization-dependent finite-size effects in the optical response of such islands on dielectric substrates. The study uses a multi-scale modeling approach that connects quantum chemistry calculations with Maxwell scattering simulations. We distinguish the optical response of a single molecule, a finite number of molecules, and a two-dimensional adsorbate layer. We analyze CO and CO2 molecules deposited on CeO2 and Al2O3 substrates. The evolution of the shift between the polarization-dependent absorbance peaks is first studied for a single molecule, which does not exhibit any shifting at all, and for finite molecular islands, where it increases with increasing island size, as well as for an infinite two-dimensional adsorbate layer. In the latter case, the agreement between the obtained results and the experimental IRRAS data and more traditional three/four-layer model theoretical studies supports the predictive power of the multi-scale approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Zerulla
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Marjan Krstić
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Shuang Chen
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Zairan Yu
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Dominik Beutel
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Nyman
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Alexei Nefedov
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Yuemin Wang
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Thomas G Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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7
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Forland BM, Hughey KD, Wilhelm MJ, Williams ON, Cappello BF, Gaspar CL, Myers TL, Sharpe SW, Johnson TJ. Optimal Spectral Resolution for Infrared Studies of Solids and Liquids. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 78:486-503. [PMID: 38404070 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241231601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Due to a legacy originating in the limited capability of early computers, the spectroscopic resolution used in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and other systems has largely been implemented using only powers of two for more than 50 years. In this study, we investigate debunking the spectroscopic lore of, e.g., using only 2, 4, 8, or 16 cm-1 resolution and determine the optimal resolution in terms of both (i) a desired signal-to-noise ratio and (ii) efficient use of acquisition time. The study is facilitated by the availability of solids and liquids reference spectral data recorded at 2.0 cm-1 resolution and is based on an examination in the 4000-400 cm-1 range of 61 liquids and 70 solids spectra, with a total analysis of 4237 peaks, each of which was also examined for being singlet/multiplet in nature. Of the 1765 liquid bands examined, only 27 had widths <5 cm-1. Of the 2472 solid bands examined, only 39 peaks have widths <5 cm-1. For both the liquid and solid bands, a skewed distribution of peak widths was observed: For liquids, the mean peak width was 24.7 cm-1 but the median peak width was 13.7 cm-1, and, similarly, for solids, the mean peak width was 22.2 cm-1 but the median peak width was 11.2 cm-1. While recognizing other studies may differ in scope and limiting the analysis to only room temperature data, we have found that a resolution to resolve 95% of all bands is 5.7 cm-1 for liquids and 5.3 cm-1 for solids; such a resolution would capture the native linewidth (not accounting for instrumental broadening) for 95% of all the solids and liquid bands, respectively. After decades of measuring liquids and solids at 4, 8, or 16 cm-1 resolution, we suggest that, when accounting only for intrinsic linewidths, an optimized resolution of 6.0 cm-1 will capture 91% of all condensed-phase bands, i.e., broadening of only 9% of the narrowest of bands, but yielding a large gain in signal-to-noise with minimal loss of specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda M Forland
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Kendall D Hughey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Connor L Gaspar
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Tanya L Myers
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Steven W Sharpe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
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8
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Nicolle A, Deng S, Ihme M, Kuzhagaliyeva N, Ibrahim EA, Farooq A. Mixtures Recomposition by Neural Nets: A Multidisciplinary Overview. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:597-620. [PMID: 38284618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are transforming how we understand chemical mixtures, providing an expressive view of the chemical space and multiscale processes. Their hybridization with physical knowledge can bridge the gap between predictivity and understanding of the underlying processes. This overview explores recent progress in ANNs, particularly their potential in the 'recomposition' of chemical mixtures. Graph-based representations reveal patterns among mixture components, and deep learning models excel in capturing complexity and symmetries when compared to traditional Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship models. Key components, such as Hamiltonian networks and convolution operations, play a central role in representing multiscale mixtures. The integration of ANNs with Chemical Reaction Networks and Physics-Informed Neural Networks for inverse chemical kinetic problems is also examined. The combination of sensors with ANNs shows promise in optical and biomimetic applications. A common ground is identified in the context of statistical physics, where ANN-based methods iteratively adapt their models by blending their initial states with training data. The concept of mixture recomposition unveils a reciprocal inspiration between ANNs and reactive mixtures, highlighting learning behaviors influenced by the training environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Nicolle
- Aramco Fuel Research Center, Rueil-Malmaison 92852, France
| | - Sili Deng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Matthias Ihme
- Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California, United States
| | | | - Emad Al Ibrahim
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamir Farooq
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Mayerhöfer TG, Noda I, Popp J. The footprint of linear dichroism in infrared 2D-Correlation spectra. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123311. [PMID: 37683431 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
On the level of the Bouguer-Beer-Lambert approximation, the effects introduced by linear dichroism into absorbance spectra can be simulated by classic linear dichroism theory. If wave optics and dispersion theory are employed, linear dichroism can be modelled with a 4x4 matrix formalism. For linear dichroism theory, the angle between polarization direction and transition moment can be seen as a perturbation which allows to calculate corresponding infrared 2D correlation spectra. Similarly, with help of an orientation representation based on Euler's angles, varying the latter allows the same if electromagnetic theory is employed. Correspondingly, we compare the substantially different footprints of linear dichroism according to both theories in infrared 2D correlation spectra and show that only those based on wave optics and dispersion theory are in accordance with experimental results. Accordingly, in particular asynchronous 2D correlation spectra allow to detect orientation with a sensitivity that is unparalleled in case of conventional spectra, even if they are recorded with help of a polarizer and an analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany.
| | - Isao Noda
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany
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10
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Mayerhöfer TG, Singh AK, Huang JS, Krafft C, Popp J. Unveiling chiral optical constants of α-pinene and propylene oxide through ATR and VCD spectroscopy in the mid-infrared range. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123136. [PMID: 37454437 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical constants functions of analytes are indispensable for the effective design of plasmonic sensors. Such sensors are potentially able to enhance the sensitivity by several order of magnitudes which can greatly facilitate the determination of the generally weak spectral signals caused by vibrational circular dichroism. Accordingly, to demonstrate how to obtain these functions, we have determined the dielectric and chirality admittance functions of α-Pinene and Propylene oxide in the mid-infrared spectral range using attenuated total reflection and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy. Our iterative formalism starts with an estimation of the absorption index function, followed by the calculation of the refractive index function using the Kramers-Kronig relation and a modelled spectrum based on Fresnel's equations. By comparing the experimental and modelled spectra, we improve the absorption index function. To determine the chirality admittance function, we use the same iterative formalism, but with a modified 4x4 matrix formalism formulated by Berreman. Our results show that the experimental absorbance difference is independent of the dielectric function of the chiral substance and depends linearly on the cuvette thickness. Additionally, we provide a sum rule that can be used to assess the quality of VCD spectra and determine the position of the baseline. Our findings provide crucial insights into the optical properties of chiral substances in the mid-infrared spectral range, which have important implications for a range of applications in fields such as analytical chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert‑Einstein‑Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ankit K Singh
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert‑Einstein‑Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jer-Shing Huang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert‑Einstein‑Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert‑Einstein‑Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert‑Einstein‑Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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11
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Mayerhöfer TG, Pahlow S, Ivanovski V, Popp J. Dispersion related coupling effects in IR spectra on the example of water and Amide I bands. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122115. [PMID: 36436263 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We discuss coupling effects in infrared spectra which are caused by dispersion and local field effects. The first effect is instigated by changes of the refractive index due to absorption which have an impact on the strength of adjacent absorptions. The second effect is a consequence of the light-induced polarization of one molecule affecting neighboring ones. These coupling effects do not only effect band positions, but also influence relative intensities. They are particularly strong in case of overlapping bands and complicate their deconvolution by band fitting. We investigated the corresponding challenges for the HO-stretching vibrations in water and the Amide I band in proteins. Our findings show that the effects are significant and of high interest for protein and water structure determination. Especially, for the water stretching vibrations we conclude that it is of utmost importance to consider such coupling effects in quantum mechanical calculations of water spectra. Otherwise, progress in understanding band positions and profiles is likely to be hampered. Also, in case of the Amide I band we found a distinct impact of such coupling effects. Accordingly, we strongly recommend consideration of dispersion and local field effects to ensure the possibility of an accurate, quantitative determination of α-helix and β-sheet structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany.
| | - Susanne Pahlow
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany
| | - Vladimir Ivanovski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, The Former Yugolav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany
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12
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Complex formation in methanol-chloroform solutions: Vibrational spectroscopy and quantum cluster equilibrium study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Mayerhöfer TG, Ilchenko O, Kutsyk A, Popp J. Infrared spectroscopy of quasi-ideal binary liquid mixtures: The challenges of conventional chemometric regression. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121518. [PMID: 35728402 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We have recorded ATR-IR spectra of binary mixtures in the (quasi-)ideal systems Benzene-Toluene, Benzene-Carbon tetrachloride and Benzene-Cyclohexane and performed classical least squares, inverse least squares and principal component regression on the resulting spectra. In contrast to the general expectation, the spectra of ideal mixtures follow only roughly Beer's approximation, in particular stronger bands show shifts and increased intensities for intermediary compositions since the polarization of matter by light cannot be neglected. As a consequence, these conventional regression techniques lead to principle and unavoidable errors, even though some of the classical regression techniques are assumed to be able to cope with nonlinearities. In particular in the system Benzene-Carbon tetrachloride large errors result and the relative average error of the volume fraction determination is about 10 % for all three methods. Especially remarkable is that the multivariate regression methods do not perform better than the classical univariate calibration if for the latter a peak due to an oscillator with comparably low oscillator strength is selected, since for such bands polarization effects are weak and Beer's approximation holds comparably well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany.
| | - Oleksii Ilchenko
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads Building 345C, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Andrii Kutsyk
- Faculty of Radiophysics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, 07745, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Helmholtzweg 4, Germany
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14
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Spange S, Weiß N, Mayerhöfer TG. The Global Polarity of Alcoholic Solvents and Water - Importance of the Collectively Acting Factors Density, Refractive Index and Hydrogen Bonding Forces. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200140. [PMID: 36284211 PMCID: PMC9596611 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The DHBD quantity represents the hydroxyl group density of alcoholic solvents or water. DHBD is purely physically defined by the product of molar concentration of the solvent (N) and the factor Σn=n×f which reflects the number n and position (f-factor) of the alcoholic OH groups per molecule. Whether the hydroxyl group is either primary, secondary or tertiary is taken into account by f. Σn is clearly linearly correlated with the physical density or the refractive index of the alcohol derivative. Relationships of solvent-dependent UV/Vis absorption energies as ET (30) values, 129 Xe NMR shifts and kinetic data of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane solvolysis with DHBD are demonstrated. It can be shown that the ET (30) solvent parameter reflects the global polarity of the hydrogen bond network rather than specific H-bond acidity. Significant correlations of the log k1 rate constants of the solvolysis reaction of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane with DHBD show the physical reasoning of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Spange
- Institute of ChemistryChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Nadine Weiß
- Institute of ChemistryChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Thomas G. Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic TechnologyAlbert-Einstein-Straße 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller UniversityHelmholtzweg 4Jena07743Germany
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Noda I. Estimating more than two pure component spectra from only two mixture spectra using two-dimensional correlation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 276:121221. [PMID: 35397449 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A procedure is described to estimate the pure component spectra of mixtures from only a pair of available spectra even when there are more than two component species present in the system. In contrast, traditional multivariate curve resolution (MCR) technique cannot be used for such a case. The method relies on the use of two-trace two-dimensional (2T2D) correlation spectroscopy. Asynchronous 2T2D spectrum is used to identify the characteristic bands most strongly associated with the individual mixture component species. Correlation coefficients derived from the synchronous 2T2D spectrum are used to obtain a set of correlative filtering functions to distribute the spectral intensity of the average spectrum among the estimates of the pure component spectra. Efficacy of the method was demonstrated using a pair of ATR IR spectra obtained for two solution mixtures containing three main ingredients with very similar compositions. Relatively congested and overlapped spectral region was used first for the demonstration, and reasonable resolution was accomplished yielding a set of the estimates of pure component spectra with most of the expected pertinent features included. The analysis was then extended to a broader spectral region containing well-isolated spectral signatures of individual components for positive validation. While traditional MCR technique seems to perform better with a large number of spectra, this technique can be effectively used in conjunction with MCR to improve its stability and performance, especially under some challenging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Noda
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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16
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Spange S, Mayerhöfer TG. The negative solvatochromism of Reichardt`s dye B30 - a complementary study. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200100. [PMID: 35579664 PMCID: PMC9400910 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The UV/Vis spectra of a hypothetical negative solvatochromic dye in a solvent are theoretically calculated assuming the classical damped harmonic oscillator model and the Lorentz‐Lorenz relation. For the simulations, the oscillator strength of the solvent was varied, while for the solute all oscillator parameters were kept constant. As a result, a simple change of the oscillator strength of the solute can explain the redshift and intensity increase of the UV/Vis band of the solute. Simulated results are compared with measured UV/Vis spectroscopic data of 2,6‐diphenyl‐4‐(2,4,6‐triphenylpyridinium‐1‐yl) phenolate B30 (Reichardt‘s dye) Significant correlations of the absorption energy (1/λmax) with the molar absorption coefficient ϵ as function of solvent polarity are demonstrated for several derivatives of B30. The approach presented is only applicable to negative solvatochromism. Therefore, while the approach is vital to fully understand solvatochromism, it needs to be complemented by other approaches, e. g., to describe the changes of the chemical interactions based on the nature of the solvent, to explain all its various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Spange
- Chemnitz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Chemnitz, Institute of Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Thomas Günter Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Spectroscopy/Imaging, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, GERMANY
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