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Lutz MR, Orr CJ, Shonna Yin H, Heerman WJ, Flower KB, Sanders LM, Rothman RL, Schildcrout JS, Bian A, Kay MC, Wood CT, Delamater AM, Perrin EM. Television Time, Especially During Meals, Is Associated With Less Healthy Dietary Practices in Toddlers. Acad Pediatr 2024; 24:741-747. [PMID: 37802249 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While several studies examine the relationship between screen time and dietary practices in children and teenagers, there is limited research in toddlers. This study evaluates the association between television (TV) exposure and dietary practices in 2-year-old children. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis from the Greenlight Intervention Study. Toddlers' daily TV watching time, mealtime TV, and dietary practices were assessed by caregiver report at the 24-month well-child visit. Separate regression models were used and adjusted for sociodemographic/household characteristics and clinic site. RESULTS Five hundred and thirty-two toddlers were included (51% Latino; 30% non-Latino Black; 59% ≤$20,000 annual household income). Median daily TV watching time was 42 minutes (interquartile range: 25, 60); 25% reported the TV was "usually on" during mealtimes. After adjustment, toddlers who watched more TV daily had higher odds of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, and more junk food; those watching less TV had higher odds of consuming more fruits/vegetables. Those with the TV "usually on" during mealtimes were more likely to consume sugar-sweetened beverages (aOR 3.72 [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.16-6.43]), fast food (aOR 2.83 [95%CI 1.54-5.20]), and more junk food (aOR 4.25 [95%CI 2.71-6.65]). CONCLUSIONS Among toddlers from primarily minoritized populations and of lower socioeconomic status, those who watched more TV daily and usually had the TV on during meals had significantly less healthy dietary practices, even after adjusting for known covariates. This study supports the current American Academy of Pediatrics screen time guidelines and underscores the importance of early counseling on general and mealtime TV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Lutz
- Department of Pediatrics (MR Lutz and EM Perrin), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
| | - Colin J Orr
- Department of Pediatrics (CJ Orr and KB Flower), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
| | - Hsiang Shonna Yin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health (HS Yin), New York University Grossman School of Medicine.
| | - William J Heerman
- Department of Pediatrics (WJ Heerman and RL Rothman), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - Kori B Flower
- Department of Pediatrics (CJ Orr and KB Flower), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
| | - Lee M Sanders
- Departments of Pediatrics and Health Policy (LM Sanders), Stanford University, Calif.
| | | | - Jonathan S Schildcrout
- Department of Biostatistics (JS Schildcrout and A Bian), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - Aihua Bian
- Department of Biostatistics (JS Schildcrout and A Bian), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - Melissa C Kay
- Department of Pediatrics (CT Wood), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Charles T Wood
- Department of Pediatrics (CT Wood), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Alan M Delamater
- Mailman Center for Child Development (AM Delamater), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Fla.
| | - Eliana M Perrin
- Department of Pediatrics (MR Lutz and EM Perrin), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Division of General Pediatrics (EM Perrin), Department of Pediatrics, Schools of Medicine and Nursing.
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Litterbach EK, Laws R, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Spence AC. Mothers' experiences of reducing family mealtime screen use in Australian households with young children. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e21. [PMID: 38099428 PMCID: PMC10830358 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Screen use at mealtimes is associated with poor dietary and psychosocial outcomes in children and is disproportionately prevalent among families of low socio-economic position (SEP). This study aimed to explore experiences of reducing mealtime screen use in mothers of low SEP with young children. DESIGN Motivational interviews, conducted via Zoom or telephone, addressed barriers and facilitators to reducing mealtime screen use. Following motivational interviews, participants co-designed mealtime screen use reduction strategies and trialled these for 3-4 weeks. Follow-up semi-structured interviews then explored maternal experiences of implementing strategies, including successes and difficulties. Transcripts were analysed thematically. SETTING Australia. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen mothers who had no university education and a child between six months and six years old. RESULTS A range of strategies aimed to reduce mealtime screen use were co-designed. The most widely used strategies included changing mealtime location and parental modelling of expected behaviours. Experiences were influenced by mothers' levels of parenting self-efficacy and mealtime consistency, included changes to mealtime foods and an increased value of mealtimes. Experiences were reportedly easier, more beneficial and offered more opportunities for family communication, than anticipated. Change required considerable effort. However, effort decreased with consistency. CONCLUSIONS The diverse strategies co-designed by mothers highlight the importance of understanding why families engage in mealtime screen use and providing tailored advice for reduction. Although promising themes were identified, in this motivated sample, changing established mealtime screen use habits still required substantial effort. Embedding screen-free mealtime messaging into nutrition promotion from the inception of eating will be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise-Kate Litterbach
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, Diabetes Victoria, Melbourne, VIC3053, Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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Litterbach EK, Laws R, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Spence AC. "That's the routine": A qualitative exploration of mealtime screen use in lower educated Australian families with young children. Appetite 2023; 180:106377. [PMID: 36410562 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family meals are an opportune context for initiating healthy eating habits in young children. However, using screens at family mealtimes may negate some of the associated nutritional and social benefits. In High Income countries, frequent mealtime screen use is common, particularly in families of low socioeconomic position (SEP). This study aimed to explore experiences and acceptability of mealtime screen use in families of low SEP with young children. METHODS Qualitative interviews with 25 mothers of low SEP were conducted via telephone or Zoom™ using Photo Interviewing and a semi-structured interview script. Transcripts were analysed thematically using a Constructivist paradigm. RESULTS Many parents reported an eagerness for reducing family mealtime screen use. Three major themes were identified in explaining the reasons behind levels of engagement in family mealtime screen use. These included parental self-efficacy, such as parental confidence in saying no to screens at mealtimes, physical resources such as having enough space in the home for a functioning dining table without view of a television, and temporal priorities such as prioritising screen use for managing children's difficult behaviour at mealtimes over long-term health considerations. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that although family mealtime screen use is likely linked with a range of child behaviours and parenting practices that may negatively influence children's dietary intake and social engagement, parents often considered screens acceptable at mealtimes. Nonetheless, parents' desire to reduce family mealtime screen use provides an important opportunity to determine how best to support parents to achieve this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise-Kate Litterbach
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Thompson DA, Tschann JM, Jimenez-Zambrano AM, Martinez SM, Reyes GA, Solis GA, Clark L. Screen-related discord and dismay in low-income Mexican American families with toddlers: A qualitative study. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 68:60-67. [PMID: 36396565 PMCID: PMC10168647 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding parental experiences with managing their toddler's screen use is important to inform the design of interventions addressing early childhood screen use, yet current evidence is limited. To enhance our understanding of the context of toddler screen use, this study characterizes the screen-related discord and dismay parents experience in families with toddlers. DESIGN AND METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted to explore everyday experiences with screen use among low-income Mexican American caregivers of toddlers (21 mothers, 10 fathers, 1 grandmother). Transcripts were content analyzed to identify prominent themes. RESULTS Three themes were identified. Experiences of screen-related discord and dismay arose (1) between parent and child, (2) between parents, and (3) surfaced as parental internal dissonance about toddler screen use. Parent-child discord resulted from parental limit setting and child reactions to parental screen use, which often included tantrums. Parent-partner discord included patterns of agreeing to disagree and direct disagreement between partners. Parents also reported their own feelings of ambivalence and dismay as they struggled to reconcile their preferences against their toddler's actual screen use, while living in a screen-saturated world. CONCLUSIONS Findings offer insight into types of screen-related discord and dismay low-income Mexican American parents experience as they attempt to manage their toddler's screen use. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Although discord in families is normal, the screen-specific discord reported by participants warrants consideration in efforts promoting healthy screen use in families. Providers can tailor their counseling to consider the range of screen-related discord families of toddlers may experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy A Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America; Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
| | - Jeanne M Tschann
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Andrea M Jimenez-Zambrano
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Suzanna M Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Gabriela A Reyes
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Guadalupe A Solis
- Adult and Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lauren Clark
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
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Litterbach EK, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Laws R, Spence AC. Mealtime TV Use Is Associated with Higher Discretionary Food Intakes in Young Australian Children: A Two-Year Prospective Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132606. [PMID: 35807787 PMCID: PMC9268203 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mealtime television use has been cross-sectionally associated with suboptimal diets in children. This study aimed to assess the two-year prospective association between baseline mealtime television use and subsequent diets in young children, and identify socioeconomic differences. Methods: Parents reported their child’s television use at meals, and fruit, vegetable, and discretionary food intakes. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses assessed the association between baseline mealtime television use and follow-up diet outcomes. Differences were assessed by socioeconomic position. Results: Participants were 352 Australian parents of children aged six months to six years. Daily mealtime television use (average frequency/day) was associated with higher daily frequency of discretionary food intakes (β 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.67) at the 2-year follow-up. Individually, television use during breakfast and dinner (1–2 days/week compared to never) predicted higher daily intake frequency of discretionary food, β 0.36 (95% CI 0.12–0.60) and β 0.19 (95% CI 0.00–0.39), respectively. Similarly, 3–7 days/week of television use during breakfast and lunch predicted higher frequency of discretionary food intake, β 0.18 (95% CI 0.02–0.37) and β 0.31 (95% CI 0.07–0.55), respectively. Associations were not socioeconomically patterned. Conclusions: Investigating mealtime television use motivators across the socioeconomic spectrum could inform interventions targeting the high consumption of discretionary foods in children.
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Associations between Home Environment, Children's and Parents' Characteristics and Children's TV Screen Time Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041589. [PMID: 33567527 PMCID: PMC7914694 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In Ireland, television (TV) screen time is a highly prevalent sedentary behavior among children aged less than five years. Little is known about the influence of parental rules and policies or screen time availability and accessibility within the home on children’s TV screen time behaviors. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the extent to which parents’ sociodemographic and sedentary behaviors are associated with children’s TV screen time; and to determine the associations between parents’ rules and practices, home physical environment and children’s daily TV viewing. Three hundred and thirty-two children aged 3–5 years and their parents participated in the study. Children’s TV screen time and home environmental characteristics (parents’ rules and practices and the physical environment) were assessed using questions from standardized and validated questionnaires. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Within the different sedentary behaviors evaluated, parents’ TV viewing was positively associated with children’s TV screen time (OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.09–2.50, p = 0.018). Leaving the TV on, whether or not it was being watched, was associated with a 38% increased probability of children watching ≥ 1 h TV daily. Children whose parents restricted their outdoor activity were more likely to watch ≥ 1 h TV daily (OR 2.01, 95%CI 1.04–3.88, p = 0.036). Findings from the study demonstrated that parents’ own screen time behaviors, leaving the TV on whether it was being watched or not and restricting outdoor play were associated with higher children’s TV viewing in the home environment. This knowledge is essential to inform future interventions aimed to address the increase in screen time among young children.
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Tombeau Cost K, Korczak D, Charach A, Birken C, Maguire JL, Parkin PC, Szatmari P. Association of Parental and Contextual Stressors With Child Screen Exposure and Child Screen Exposure Combined With Feeding. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e1920557. [PMID: 32022883 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.20557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Parents may use screen exposure or screen exposure combined with feeding for infants and toddlers to alleviate their own stress. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of individual and contextual stressors with child screen exposure (CSE) and CSE combined with feeding (CSE+F) in children aged 7 to 18 months as measured by parent-reported use and variation in quantity of CSE and CSE+F. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional, population-based study drew parent-child participants from TARGet Kids, a network of primary health care research settings throughout Toronto, Ontario, Canada, between November 1, 2011, and July 31, 2018. The included children were aged 7 to 18 months. Exclusion criteria were health conditions affecting growth, acute conditions, chronic conditions, severe developmental delay, and families who were unable to communicate in the English language. Data were analyzed from April 1, 2019, to July 31, 2019. EXPOSURES Parenting stress, child age, child negative affectivity, family living arrangements, and family income were assessed with parent-completed questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was CSE and the variation in CSE, which represented the amount of background and engaged use of screens (television, videos or DVDs, video games, computers, and mobile devices) in a typical week. The secondary outcome was CSE+F, which represented the frequency of breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack consumption during screen exposure in a typical week. Both CSE and CSE+F were assessed with the parent-completed Nutrition and Health Questionnaire; Infant Behavior Questionnaire, Revised Very Short; and Parenting Stress Index, Short Form. RESULTS The final sample size was 1085 children for the analysis of CSE and 1083 children for the analysis of CSE+F. Among 914 respondents, the children's mean (SD) age was 11.6 (2.3) months, and 478 (52.3%) were male. Among 910 respondents, 839 (92.2%) were mothers, with a mean (SD) age among 873 respondents of 34.4 (4.2) years. In a typical week, 581 of 779 children (74.6%) were reported to have any CSE, and 321 of 874 children (36.7%) had some CSE+F. Higher parenting stress levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; P = .04) and older child age (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.01-2.03; P = .04) were associated with CSE. Higher parenting stress levels (incidence rate [IR], 1.00; 95% CI, 1.00-1.01; P = .002) and lower household income (IR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.10-1.45; P = .01) were associated with increased CSE. Older child age (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.35-2.38; P < .001) and lower household income (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.72-3.74; P < .001) were associated with CSE+F. Lower household income (IR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03-1.42; P = .02) was associated with increased CSE+F. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that parenting stress, income, and child age were associated with CSE, and child age and household income were associated with CSE+F. Given these findings, interventions to improve parental coping mechanisms may decrease child screen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daphne Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alice Charach
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Birken
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sick Kids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia C Parkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sick Kids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Paediatric Outcomes Research Team, Division of Paediatric Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jusienė R, Urbonas V, Laurinaitytė I, Rakickienė L, Breidokienė R, Kuzminskaitė M, Praninskienė R. Screen Use During Meals Among Young Children: Exploration of Associated Variables. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100688. [PMID: 31615125 PMCID: PMC6843261 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is evidence that eating meals or snacks while watching TV is an obesogenic factor. Moreover, the patterns of TV and other screen use during meals begin early and persist. However, there are only a few studies to date which address the prevalence and predictors of young children’s exposure to screen during mealtimes. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the associated factors of screen use during meals in early childhood. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in Lithuania. Data of 847 children aged 2 to 5 years old (51.5% boys) were analyzed in this study. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/1½-5) and reported their children’s daily screen time, exposure to background TV, screen use during child’s meals, child and parental height and weight, and sociodemographic data. Results: More than half of children were exposed to screen during meals: 33.7% occasionally, several times per week or per month, and 22%—daily or during every meal. Overall daily screen time, background TV, consumption of junk food, child age, and emotional and behavioral problems were related to mealtime screen use (all associations significant at p < 0.01). Longer daily screen time (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00–1.01), more background TV (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.10–1.45), and elder child age (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.03) were significant predictors of occasional use of screen during meals. Also, longer daily screen time (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–0.99), background TV (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.66–0.91) together with no siblings’ status of a child (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.25–0.69) increased the probability that children were fed in front of screens daily. Conclusions: This study confirmed the unfavorable associations among screen use during meals, daily screen time and junk food consumption in early childhood. In addition, first-time parents should get particular health providers’ attention as they are more likely to use screens during child’s mealtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Jusienė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Vaidotas Urbonas
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ilona Laurinaitytė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Lauryna Rakickienė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Rima Breidokienė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Monika Kuzminskaitė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Rūta Praninskienė
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Children's Hospital, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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O'Connor TM, Elias C, Thompson RR, Arlinghaus KR, Vollrath K, Hernandez DC, Power TG, Hughes SO. The association of TV viewing during dinner meals with quality of dietary intake and BMI z-scores among low income, ethnic minority preschool children. Appetite 2019; 140:231-238. [PMID: 31121200 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TV viewing has been associated with children's weight status and is thought to be mediated mostly through children's dietary intake. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not understood. OBJECTIVE Assess the associations of having the TV on and the child watching TV during dinners with the dietary quality consumed at that meal and with the child's weight status. METHODS Secondary analysis of a directly-observed study of 144 preschool-aged African American and Hispanic, low-income children's dinner meals. Three home dinners were video recorded per child (428 meals observed) and what children were served and consumed measured. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 assessed dietary quality of dinners served and consumed. Child height and weight were measured and parents completed questionnaires. Videos were coded for whether the TV was on and the proportion of the dinner the child watched TV. Mixed models with meal observations nested within child assessed the associations. RESULTS 77% of children consumed at least one dinner with the TV on. The proportion of the meal the child watched TV was not associated with lower dietary quality consumed. TV on was associated with the dietary quality consumed only in the fully adjusted model (p < 0.05). The dietary quality of dinner served was most strongly associated with the dietary quality consumed (p < 0.0001). Neither having the TV on nor child watching the TV while eating were associated with the child's BMI z-score. CONCLUSION Having the TV on during meals was common, but watching TV during the meal was not associated with the dietary quality of what the children consumed. Further controlled studies should evaluate if turning the TV off during dinner directly improves the dietary quality children consume at that meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Public Health and Primary Care, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Cindy Elias
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ralf Richard Thompson
- Public Health and Primary Care, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine R Arlinghaus
- Department of Health and Human Performance and HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristin Vollrath
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daphne C Hernandez
- Department of Health and Human Performance and HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G Power
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Dantas RR, Silva GAPD. THE ROLE OF THE OBESOGENIC ENVIRONMENT AND PARENTAL LIFESTYLES IN INFANT FEEDING BEHAVIOR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 37:363-371. [PMID: 31116240 PMCID: PMC6868558 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the role of the obesogenic environment and parental lifestyles in infant feeding behavior. DATA SOURCES The searches were performed in PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Lilacs and Scielo databases, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The descriptors used were found in the Medical Subject Headings and in the Descriptors in Health Sciences being these: Comportamento alimentar/Feeding Behavior/ Conducta Alimentaria; Crianças/Child/ Niño; Relações familiares/Family Relations/Relaciones Familiares; e Ecologia/ Ecology/ Ecología. These were combined by the Boolean operator AND. DATA SYNTHESIS Researchers consider that parents (orprimary caregivers) are responsible, in part, for the unhealthy eating behavior presented by children, and for them to change it is necessary to change the behavior of the family, ensuring the correct choice of food and the practice of physical activity. The family environment has a significant impact on the development of eating behavior, so adults should provide a good model of this behavior for children. CONCLUSIONS It was verified through this review that, in order to maintain and develop a healthy eating behavior, it is necessary to reach different spheres of life of the individual - physical, social, psychological, family, cultural and mediatic environment.
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