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Walsh LE, Rosenfeld B, Feuerstahler L, Pessin H, Breitbart W. Measuring hopelessness in advanced cancer: a secondary analysis of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness questionnaire (HAI). Psychol Health 2023; 38:847-861. [PMID: 34678104 PMCID: PMC9023589 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1989430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hopelessness, or a sense of despair about the future, has been a growing focus of psychological research among patients with serious medical illnesses. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness (HAI) questionnaire, developed specifically for those facing a life-threatening illness. Participants were 344 advanced cancer patients (e.g. lung, breast, gastrointestinal, etc.) participating in two psychotherapy research trials. DESIGN Descriptive statistics characterised participants in regard to both demographic (age, gender, race, ethnicity, religiosity) and clinical characteristics (cancer type). Scale properties were assessed for internal consistency using Cronbach's coefficient alpha, item-total correlations, Principle Axis factor analysis, and its correlation to relevant psychological constructs. Nonlinear confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed for latent construct variance by gender. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness questionnaire. RESULTS Results indicated strong internal consistency and temporal stability of the HAI, with significant correlations between the HAI and several theoretically related psychological constructs. CFA suggested the same single underlying factor for males and females. CONCLUSIONS The HAI demonstrated strong psychometric properties in the context of advanced cancer. Future research is needed to assess the utility of the HAI in more medically and geographically diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E. Walsh
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, 441 East Fordham Road, 226 Dealy Hall, Bronx, NY 10458
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 640 Lexington Ave., 7 Fl. New York, NY 10022
| | - Barry Rosenfeld
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, 441 East Fordham Road, 226 Dealy Hall, Bronx, NY 10458
| | - Leah Feuerstahler
- Fordham University, Department of Psychology, 441 East Fordham Road, 226 Dealy Hall, Bronx, NY 10458
| | - Hayley Pessin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 640 Lexington Ave., 7 Fl. New York, NY 10022
| | - William Breitbart
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 640 Lexington Ave., 7 Fl. New York, NY 10022
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Meléndez JC, Delhom I, Satorres E, Abella M, Real E. [Hopelessness as a predictor of loneliness in older adults]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2022; 57:85-89. [PMID: 35190191 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hopelessness is characterized by a set of negative cognitive schemas about the future, conceptualized on the basis of three dimensions: affective, motivational and cognitive. This construct is linked to loneliness, the incidence of which in older adults is increasingly high. The aim of this research is to test whether hopelessness factors predict levels of loneliness in older adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS 138 non-institutionalized persons from Valencia city between 65-90 years old participated, with a mean age of 73.67 (SD=4.8), and 59.4% were women. The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA) were administered to assess participants. RESULTS The motivational and cognitive factors acted as statistically significant predictors of loneliness, while the affective factor was not presented as a significant factor. The final model obtained an R2adj=.442, F(3, 87)=23.97, p<.001. CONCLUSIONS Loneliness is a phenomenon of great concern in the field of gerontology due to its high incidence and impact. The results indicate that hopelessness, specifically loss of motivation and negative expectations about the future, are critical issues for the development of feelings of loneliness in older adults. Thus, it is relevant to pay attention to these variables in order to apply loneliness prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Meléndez
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España.
| | - Iraida Delhom
- Universidad Internacional de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Encarnación Satorres
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Mireia Abella
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Elena Real
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
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Nikoloudi M, Tsilika E, Parpa E, Kostopoulou S, Tentolouris A, Psarros C, Alexandra M, Mystakidou K. Herth Hope Index: A Psychometric Evaluation Study within a Sample of Greek Patients with Cancer. Indian J Palliat Care 2021; 27:367-374. [PMID: 34898931 PMCID: PMC8655662 DOI: 10.25259/ijpc_364_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to develop the Greek version of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) and assess its psychometric properties to a palliative care patient sample, using a cross-sectional design. Materials and Methods: The HHI was translated into Greek (HHI-Gr) using the ‘forward-backward’ procedure. It was administered to 130 eligible cancer patients, while for the stability of patients’ responses, 40 of these patients completed the HHI-Gr 3 days later. Along with the HHI-Gr, patients also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The HHI-Gr internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s a), stability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), factor structure (factor analysis) and convergent validity (correlation with the HADS and the BHS questionnaires) were examined using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. Results: The HHI-Gr yielded a one-factor model and a Cronbach alpha (0.860) with excellent internal consistency reliability and stability ICC (>0.90). Satisfactory convergent validity was supported by the correlation analysis between the HHI-Gr and BHS (r = 0.718, P < 0.001). Overall test-retest reliability was satisfactory with a range between 0.77 and 0.96 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the HHI-Gr is an instrument with satisfactory psychometric properties and is a valid research tool for the measurement of the levels of hope among Greek oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nikoloudi
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aigaleo, Greece
| | - Eleni Tsilika
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aigaleo, Greece
| | - Efi Parpa
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aigaleo, Greece
| | - Sotiria Kostopoulou
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aigaleo, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Aigaleo, Greece
| | - Constantin Psarros
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Aigaleo, Greece
| | | | - Kyriaki Mystakidou
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aigaleo, Greece
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Evidencias de validez factorial de la Escala de desesperanza de Beck en español con muestras clínicas y no clínicas. ACTA COLOMBIANA DE PSICOLOGIA 2020. [DOI: 10.14718/acp.2020.23.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
El propósito del presente estudio fue evaluar la estructura interna de la adaptación al español de Escala de Desesperanza de Beck et al. (1974), dada su utilidad y relevancia en la predicción de conductas suicidas. Para esto, se analizaron las respuestas a la escala de 1260 estudiantes universitarios (M = 4.79; DT = 4.29) y de una muestra clínica en la que participaron 150 jóvenes con intento de suicidio de alta letalidad (M = 8.51; DT = 2.38). Se examinó la estructura interna por medio del Análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) en tres fases: en la primera, se comparó el modelo original con cuatro modelos encontrados en las diferentes adaptaciones al español; en la segunda, se tomaron en cuenta modelos que analizan la aquiescencia; y en la tercera, se hizo una validación cruzada de esos modelos con población clínica. Los resultados señalan que la escala es unidimensional tanto en el caso de las muestras clínicas (χ2 = 154.84, gl = 135, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99,RMSEA = 0.03) como en la población universitaria; sin embargo, a esta última se le añadió un factor de método para el tratamiento de la aquiescencia (χ2 = 252.14, gl = 134, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.03). Los resultados muestran la importancia de utilizar análisis y modelos que consideren la naturaleza de los datos y las características de la muestra para aportar evidencias más sólidas para la validez de constructo.
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Satorres E, Ros L, Meléndez JC, Serrano JP, Latorre JM, Sales A. Measuring elderly people's quality of life through the Beck Hopelessness Scale: a study with a Spanish sample. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:239-244. [PMID: 27786537 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1247427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hopelessness is a key element of suicidal intent. It can instill a pessimistic outlook on the future, leading an individual to believe that suicide is the only answer to their problems. Hopelessness operates as a modulating variable between depression and suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to confirm the factor structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) in a non-clinical sample. METHOD Three hundred and sixty-two Spanish individuals, aged over 60, free of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms, completed the BHS scale. Participants were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using one-, two- and three-factor models. RESULTS The one- and two-factor models presented adequate fit indices. Specifically, the indices of the two-factor models were better than those of the one-factor model. The two-factor model, without items 4, 9 and 14, provided the best fit, given that the indices obtained in the CFA and their internal consistency were better than those of the other models. CONCLUSION The validation of the BHS for a population of Spanish older adults provides a reliable and valid measure of hopelessness and could be useful in clinical practice and research as an effective tool for the early detection of suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Satorres
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Valencia , Spain
| | - L Ros
- b Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Castilla La Mancha , Spain
| | - J C Meléndez
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Valencia , Spain
| | - J P Serrano
- b Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Castilla La Mancha , Spain
| | - J M Latorre
- b Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Castilla La Mancha , Spain
| | - A Sales
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology , University of Valencia , Spain
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Confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in patients with advanced cancer: A theory-driven approach. Palliat Support Care 2017; 15:704-709. [PMID: 28835295 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951517000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diagnosis and treatment of depression are complicated by the presence of a serious medical illness, such as cancer. The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression remains unknown; however, the symptom cluster of sickness behavior is more clearly related to inflammation. Symptom clusters may provide the specificity needed to improve treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study is to use confirmatory factor analysis to examine the construct of sickness behavior in patients with advanced cancer using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). METHOD Patients (N = 167) were recruited from chemotherapy clinics and the Department of Psychiatry at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Symptoms were a priori delineated using the factor labels sickness behavior and negative affectivity (two-factor model), and affective, cognitive, and sickness behavior (three-factor model). These data were also fit for a more traditional model using affective, cognitive, and somatic factors. RESULTS The mean total BDI-II score was 14.74 (SD = 8.52; range = 1-46). Fit statistics for all models were good, but the novel three-factor model with sickness behavior provided the best fit: χ2(186) = 273.624; p < 0.001; root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.053; comparative fit index = 0.949. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Both the two- and three-factor models provide support for the unique construct of sickness behavior in patients with advanced cancer. High factor correlations with the BDI-II and other measures of distress were observed, which raises questions about theoretically distinct, but related, constructs.
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Bellido-Pérez M, Monforte-Royo C, Tomás-Sábado J, Porta-Sales J, Balaguer A. Assessment of the wish to hasten death in patients with advanced disease: A systematic review of measurement instruments. Palliat Med 2017; 31:510-525. [PMID: 28124578 PMCID: PMC5405817 DOI: 10.1177/0269216316669867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced conditions may present a wish to hasten death. Assessing this wish is complex due to the nature of the phenomenon and the difficulty of conceptualising it. AIM To identify and analyse existing instruments for assessing the wish to hasten death and to rate their reported psychometric properties. DESIGN Systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments checklist was used to evaluate the methodological quality of validation studies and the measurement properties of the instrument described. DATA SOURCES The CINAHL, PsycINFO, Pubmed and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to November 2015. RESULTS A total of 50 articles involving assessment of the wish to hasten death were included. Eight concerned instrument validation and were evaluated using COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments criteria. They reported data for between two and seven measurement properties, with ratings between fair and excellent. Of the seven instruments identified, the Desire for Death Rating Scale or the Schedule of Attitudes toward Hastened Death feature in 48 of the 50 articles. The Schedule of Attitudes toward Hastened Death is the most widely used and is the instrument whose psychometric properties have been most often analysed. Versions of the Schedule of Attitudes toward Hastened Death are available in five languages other than the original English. CONCLUSION This systematic review has analysed existing instruments for assessing the wish to hasten death. It has also explored the methodological quality of studies that have examined the measurement properties of these instruments and offers ratings of the reported properties. These results will be useful to clinicians and researchers with an interest in a phenomenon of considerable relevance to advanced patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Bellido-Pérez
- 1 Department of Nursing, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,2 Hospital Sagrat Cor, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Monforte-Royo
- 1 Department of Nursing, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Tomás-Sábado
- 3 Escola Universitària d'Infermeria Gimbernat, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Porta-Sales
- 4 School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,5 Palliative Care Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Balaguer
- 4 School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Aloba O, Ajao O, Alimi T, Esan O. Psychometric Properties and Correlates of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in Family Caregivers of Nigerian Patients with Psychiatric Disorders in Southwestern Nigeria. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2017; 7:S18-S25. [PMID: 28163498 PMCID: PMC5244054 DOI: 10.4103/0976-3147.196434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To examine the construct and correlates of hopelessness among family caregivers of Nigerian psychiatric patients. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 264 family caregiver-patients’ dyads recruited from two university teaching hospitals psychiatric clinics in Southwestern Nigeria. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor 9-item model of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) among the family caregivers. Confirmatory factor analysis of the model revealed satisfactory indices of fitness (goodness of fit index = 0.97, comparative fit index = 0.96, Chi-square/degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) = 1.60, root mean square error of approximation = 0.048, expected cross-validation index = 0.307, and standardized root mean residual = 0.005). Reliability of the scale was modestly satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha 0.72). Construct validity of scale was supported by significant correlations with the family caregivers’ scores on the Zarit Burden Interview, mini international neuropsychiatric interview suicidality module, General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The greatest variance in the family caregivers’ scores on the BHS was contributed by their scores on the psychological distress scale (GHQ-12). Conclusions: The BHS has adequate psychometric properties among Nigerian psychiatric patients’ family caregivers. There is the need to pay attention to the psychological well-being of the family caregivers of Nigerian psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olutayo Aloba
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka Ajao
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Alimi
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Esan
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Abstract
This study focused on resilience in patients who recently received a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Psychopathological symptoms, depressive symptoms, and hopelessness were considered as sources of stress in the context of psychosis. Forty-eight SSD patients (mean period between diagnosis and recruitment, 20.79 months) were enrolled. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, depression by the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, hopelessness by the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and functioning by the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale. Resilience was evaluated by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, which was additionally completed by 81 healthy controls. Patients demonstrated less resilience than did healthy participants. Female patients showed higher resilience levels and functioning than did males. High resilience levels were associated with less severe positive symptoms, general psychopathological symptoms, depression, and hopelessness. Apart from negative symptoms, results indicated that resilience may be a potential moderator of functioning. Thus, resilience-oriented interventions might constitute an additional therapeutic approach for SSD patients.
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Spangenberg L, Zenger M, Garcia-Torres F, Mueller V, Reck M, Mehnert A, Vehling S. Dimensionality, Stability, and Validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in Cancer Patients Receiving Curative and Palliative Treatment. J Pain Symptom Manage 2016; 51:615-22. [PMID: 26654946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hopelessness is a clinically important construct in patients with advanced illness. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the dimensionality, stability, and validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) in cancer patients receiving either curative or palliative treatment. METHODS Following a longitudinal design, we assessed a sample of cancer patients receiving either curative or palliative treatment (N = 315) at baseline and at follow-up after 12 months (N = 158). In addition to hopelessness, we measured depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), and health-related quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey-8). We analyzed dimensionality, stability, and construct validity of the BHS using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlational analysis. RESULTS Independent of treatment intention, confirmatory factor analyses resulted in unsatisfactory model fits. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution in both groups receiving curative or palliative treatment. Factor 1 reflected pessimistic/resigned beliefs (Cronbach alpha ≥ 0.85), Factor 2 reflected positive beliefs toward the future (Cronbach alpha = 0.73). Both subscales showed significant associations with anxiety, depression, and decreased health-related quality of life. The factorial structure was partially replicated in patients being reexamined after 12 months (CMIN/DF = 2.130, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.0716, Comparative Fit Index = 0.904, Tucker-Lewis-Index = 0.883, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.085). Hopelessness scores were significantly higher in patients reporting suicidal ideation according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates psychometric limitations of the BHS in patients receiving both curative and palliative treatment, suggesting reduced utility in cancer populations. Given the clinical importance of the construct, a cancer-specific approach to capture the unique meaning of hopelessness in patients with severe medical illness is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Spangenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Markus Zenger
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Faculty of Applied Human Studies, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg and Stendal, Stendal, Germany
| | - Francisco Garcia-Torres
- Department of Psychology, Córdoba University/IMIBIC/Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Volkmar Mueller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Reck
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, LungenClinic Großhansdorf, Großhansdorf, Germany
| | - Anja Mehnert
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sigrun Vehling
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Abstract
The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is an instrument for assessing cognitive thoughts among suicidal persons. Previous studies have identified different factor structures of the BHS. However, results were not conclusive. The aim of this study was to test the factor structure of the BHS in a sample of Italian individuals (N = 509) from the community, and secondarily to investigate correlations between the BHS, depression (Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition), and personality traits (Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire). Following recommendations of previous investigations, we utilized a 5-point response format. We applied a second-order Confirmatory Factor Analyses and tested for the model invariance. The results suggest that besides a single second-order factor, a second-order three-factor solution is also reasonable, in line with Beck’s theorization.
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Meerwijk EL, Ford JM, Weiss SJ. Resting-state EEG delta power is associated with psychological pain in adults with a history of depression. Biol Psychol 2015; 105:106-14. [PMID: 25600291 PMCID: PMC4336814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Psychological pain is a prominent symptom of clinical depression. We asked if frontal alpha asymmetry, frontal EEG power, and frontal fractal dimension asymmetry predicted psychological pain in adults with a history of depression. Resting-state frontal EEG (F3/F4) was recorded while participants (N=35) sat upright with their eyes closed. Frontal delta power predicted psychological pain while controlling for depressive symptoms, with participants who exhibited less power experiencing greater psychological pain. Frontal fractal dimension asymmetry, a nonlinear measure of complexity, also predicted psychological pain, such that greater left than right complexity was associated with greater psychological pain. Frontal alpha asymmetry did not contribute unique variance to any regression model of psychological pain. As resting-state delta power is associated with the brain's default mode network, results suggest that the default mode network was less activated during high psychological pain. Findings are consistent with a state of arousal associated with psychological pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther L Meerwijk
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way No. N505, San Francisco, CA 94143-0606, USA.
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sandra J Weiss
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way No. N505, San Francisco, CA 94143-0606, USA
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Aloba O, Akinsulore A, Mapayi B, Oloniniyi I, Mosaku K, Alimi T, Esan O. The Yoruba version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale: psychometric characteristics and correlates of hopelessness in a sample of Nigerian psychiatric outpatients. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 56:258-71. [PMID: 25446724 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies from the developed western countries have repeatedly demonstrated that hopelessness positively correlates with an increased risk of suicide in the context of chronic mental disorders such as schizophrenia and affective disorders. Despite this persistently strong association, the construct of hopelessness in terms of its factorial structure and correlates has not been explored among Nigerian psychiatric outpatients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this present study is to examine the psychometric characteristics of the Yoruba language culturally adapted version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in a cross-sectional sample of psychiatric outpatients in South-western Nigeria. METHOD The participants were 327 Nigerian adult outpatients receiving treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar and depressive disorders, consecutively recruited from the outpatient psychiatric clinics of a university teaching hospital in South-western Nigeria. The outpatients were recruited over a one year period. They completed the Yoruba translated version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS-Y), a sociodemographic and illness-related questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Their level of functioning was assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), psychopathology was evaluated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the level of disability measured with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-II). Suicidality and confirmation of the diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar and depressive disorders were evaluated with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The construct of hopelessness in terms of factorial structure, reliability, validity and correlates was explored. Exploratory Factor Analysis using Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation was used to examine the factorial structure of the BHS-Y. Internal consistency was examined with Cronbach's alpha, and the construct validity of the scale was assessed using correlational analyses with the MINI suicidality module, BDI-II, GAF and WHODAS-II domain scores. We also tested the hypothesis that a shortened version of the BHS-Y will possess psychometric properties similar to the 20 item version. RESULTS Exploratory Factor Analysis using Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation showed that the construct of hopelessness among our outpatients was best explained by a 3 factor model. Reliability of the translated version of the scale was adequate as indicated by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. Construct validity was also satisfactory as reflected by the strong correlations with MINI suicidality, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Global Assessment of Functioning scores. The shortened 4 item single factor BHS-Y composed of items 8, 9, 13 and 15 demonstrated psychometric properties similar to those of the full item version. CONCLUSION The Beck Hopelessness Scale (Yoruba Version) demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity and therefore may be useful in measuring the construct of hopelessness and in clinical suicide risk assessments among Nigerian psychiatric outpatients. There is the need for more studies to further explore the psychometric features and correlates of this scale among other Nigerian ethnic groups in addition to other medical patients' populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olutayo Aloba
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Adesanmi Akinsulore
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Boladale Mapayi
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Ibiduniyi Oloniniyi
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Kolawole Mosaku
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Alimi
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Esan
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Innamorati M, Lester D, Balsamo M, Erbuto D, Ricci F, Amore M, Girardi P, Pompili M. Factor Validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in Italian Medical Patients. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-013-9380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hanna D, White R, Lyons K, McParland MJ, Shannon C, Mulholland C. The structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale: A confirmatory factor analysis in UK students. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mystakidou K, Tsilika E, Parpa E, Athanasouli P, Galanos A, Anna P, Vlahos L. Illness-related hopelessness in advanced cancer: influence of anxiety, depression, and preparatory grief. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2009; 23:138-47. [PMID: 19327556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2007] [Revised: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest in the psychological distress in patients with cancer has been the major reason for the conduction of this study. The aims were to assess the relationship of hopelessness, anxiety, distress, and preparatory grief, as well as their predictive power to hopelessness. Ninety-four patients with advanced cancer completed the study at a palliative care unit in Athens, Greece. Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Greek version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, and the Preparatory Grief in Advanced Cancer Patients scale were administered. Information concerning patients' treatment was acquired from the medical records, whereas physicians recorded their clinical condition. Hopelessness correlated significantly with preparatory grief (r = .630, P < .0005), anxiety (r = .539, P < .0005), depression (r = .642, P < .0005), HAD-Total (r = .686, P < .0005), and age (r = -.212, P = .040). Multiple regression analyses showed that preparatory grief (P < .0005), depression (P < .0005), and age (P = .003) were predictors of hopelessness, explaining 58.8% of total variance. In this patient sample, depression, preparatory grief, and patients' age were predictors of hopelessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Mystakidou
- Department of Radiology, Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2009; 3:79-82. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0b013e3283277013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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