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Putranto AW, Meidyawati R, Dwiseptyoga S, Zikrullah DYA. Evaluation of Physical Properties in Carboxymethyl Chitosan Modified Glass Ionomer Cements and the Effect for Dentin Remineralization: SEM/EDX, Compressive Strength, and Ca/P Ratio. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 39013447 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this article was to evaluate the effects of modifying glass ionomer cement (GIC) with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) on surface morphology and remineralization outcomes by examining dentin morphology and calcium ion composition changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty holes in a cylindrical acrylic mold were filled with three groups of restorative materials: GIC, GIC modified with CMC (GIC-CMC) 5%, and GIC-CMC10%. The surface morphology of each group's materials was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compressive strength measurement was performed using a universal testing machine. The dentin remineralization process was performed by applying GIC, GIC-CMC5%, and GIC-CMC10% materials for 14 days on demineralized dentin cavities treated with 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 7 days. A morphological evaluation was conducted using SEM. The calcium ion composition and calcium-to-phosphorous (Ca/P) ratio were examined using an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare all four groups of calcium ions (p < 0.05). RESULTS The modification of GIC with CMC affected the morphological changes in the materials in the form of reduced porosity and increased fractures. A significant difference was found in compressive strength between the GIC-CMC modification materials of GIC-CMC5% and GIC-CMC10% and the GIC control group. The dentin tubule morphology and surface changes were observed after applying GIC, GIC-CMC5%, and GIC-CMC10% materials for 14 days, as evaluated by SEM. The EDX examination showed an increase in calcium ion content and hydroxyapatite formation (Ca/P ratio) after applying the GIC-CMC10% material. CONCLUSION The surface porosity of the GIC modification material with the addition of CMC tended to decrease. However, an increase in cracked surfaces that widened, along with the rise in CMC percentage, was found. This modification also reduced the compressive strength of the materials, with the lowest average yield at 10% CMC addition. Therefore, the modification of GIC with CMC affects changes in morphology, calcium ion composition, and Ca/P ratio in demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Wisnu Putranto
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Meidyawati
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Senyan Dwiseptyoga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Kuru E, Eronat N, Türkün M, Çoğulu D. Comparison of remineralization ability of tricalcium silicate and of glass ionomer cement on residual dentin: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:732. [PMID: 38926776 PMCID: PMC11202387 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the remineralization effects of a calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine) and of a glass ionomer cement (GIC: Fuji IX) on artificially demineralized dentin. METHODS Four standard cavities were prepared in dentin discs prepared from 34 extracted sound human third molars. In each disc, one cavity was covered with an acid-resistant varnish before demineralization (Group 1). The specimens were soaked in a chemical demineralization solution for 96 h to induce artificial carious lesions. Thereafter, one cavity each was filled with Biodentine (Group 2) and GIC (Group 3), respectively, and one carious lesion was left unrestored as a negative control (Group 4). Next, specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 21 days. After cross-sectioning the specimens, the Ca/P ratio was calculated in each specimen by using scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Finally, data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Both cement types induced dentin remineralization as compared to Group 4. The Ca/P ratio was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 3 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The dentin lesion remineralization capability of Biodentine is higher than that of GIC, suggesting the usefulness of the former as a bioactive dentin replacement material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Biodentine has a higher remineralization ability than that of GIC for carious dentin, and its interfacial properties make it a promising bioactive dentin restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kuru
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Usak University School of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet, Merkez/Usak, 64200, Turkey.
| | - Nesrin Eronat
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ege University School of Dentistry, Erzene, Bornova/İzmir, 35040, Turkey
| | - Murat Türkün
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ege University School of Dentistry, Erzene, Bornova / İzmir, 35040, Turkey
| | - Dilşah Çoğulu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ege University School of Dentistry, Erzene, Bornova/İzmir, 35040, Turkey
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Zhong Y, Liu C, Yan X, Li X, Chen X, Mai S. Odontogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium-doped bioactive glass in vital pulp therapy. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045026. [PMID: 38740053 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad4ada] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of magnesium-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) on the mineralization, odontogenesis, and anti-inflammatory abilities of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Mg-BG powders with different Mg concentrations were successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method and evaluated using x-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Apatite formation was observed on the surfaces of the materials after soaking in simulated body fluid. hDPSCs were cultured with Mg-BG powder extracts in vitro, and no evident cytotoxicity was observed. Mg-BG induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and mineralization of hDPSCs and upregulated the expression of odontogenic genes, including those encoding dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, ALP, osteocalcin, and runt-related transcription factor 2. Moreover, Mg-BG substantially suppressed the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Collectively, the results of this study suggest that Mg-BG has excellent in vitro bioactivity and is a potential material for vital pulp therapy of inflamed pulps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewen Zhong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sui Mai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, People's Republic of China
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Vilela HS, Resende MCA, Trinca RB, Scaramucci T, Sakae LO, Braga RR. Glass ionomer cement with calcium-releasing particles: Effect on dentin mineral content and mechanical properties. Dent Mater 2024; 40:236-243. [PMID: 37981512 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the effect a glass ionomer cement (GIC) containing hydroxyapatite (HAp) or calcium silicate (CaSi) particles on mineral content and mechanical properties of demineralized dentin. Ion release and compressive strength (CS) of the cements were also evaluated. METHODS GIC (Fuji 9 Gold Label, GC), GIC+ 5%HAp and GIC+ 5%CaSi (by mass) were evaluated. Ion release was determined by induced coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (Ca2+/Sr2+) or ion-specific electrode (F-) (n = 3). A composite (Filtek Z250, 3 M ESPE) was used as control in remineralization tests. Demineralized dentin discs were kept in contact with materials in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for eight weeks. Mineral:matrix ratio (MMR) was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (n = 5). Dentin hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) were determined by nanoindentation (n = 10). CS was tested after 24 h and 7d in deionized water (n = 12). Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Ca2+ and Sr2+ release was higher for the modified materials (p < 0.05). Only GIC+ 5%HAp showed higher F- release than the control (p < 0.05). All groups showed statistically significant increases in MMR, with no differences among them after 8 weeks (p > 0.05). No differences in dentin H or E were observed among groups (p > 0.05). HAp-modified GIC showed increased initial CS, while adding CaSi had the opposite effect (p < 0.05). After 7 days, GIC+ 5%CaSi presented lower CS in relation to control and GIC+ 5%HAp (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE GIC modification with HAp or CaSi affected CS and increased ion release; however, none of the groups showed evidence of dentin remineralization in comparison to the negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handially S Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana C A Resende
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Trinca
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia O Sakae
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto R Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Vilela HS, Trinca RB, Alves TVM, Scaramucci T, Sakae LO, Mariano FS, Giannini M, Silva FRO, Braga RR. Effect of a calcium silicate cement and experimental glass ionomer cements containing calcium orthophosphate particles on demineralized dentin. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:97. [PMID: 38225525 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to evaluate the effect of a glass ionomer cement (GIC; Fuji 9 Gold Label, GC) with added calcium orthophosphate particles and a calcium silicate cement (CSC; Biodentine, Septodont) regarding ion release, degradation in water, mineral content, and mechanical properties of demineralized dentin samples. METHODS GIC, GIC + 5% DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate), GIC + 15% DCPD, GIC + 5% β-TCP (tricalcium phosphate), GIC + 15% β-TCP (by mass), and CSC were evaluated for Ca2+/Sr2+/F- release in water for 56 days. Cement mass loss was evaluated after 7-day immersion in water. Partially demineralized dentin disks were kept in contact with materials while immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for 56 days. The "mineral-to-matrix ratio" (MMR) was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Dentin hardness and elastic modulus were obtained by nanoindentation. Samples were observed under scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Ca2+ release from CSC and GIC (μg/cm2) were 4737.0 ± 735.9 and 13.6 ± 1.6, respectively. In relation to the unmodified GIC, the addition of DCPD or β-TCP increased ion release (p < 0.001). Only the dentin disks in contact with CSC presented higher MMR (p < 0.05) and mechanical properties than those restored with a resin composite used as control (p < 0.05). Mass loss was similar for GIC and CSC; however, the addition of DCPD or β-TCP increased GIC degradation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Despite the increase in ion release, the additional Ca2+ sources did not impart remineralizing capability to GIC. Both unmodified GIC and CSC showed similar degradation in water. CLINICAL RELEVANCE CSC was able to promote dentin remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handially S Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Trinca
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tarsila V M Alves
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia O Sakae
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia S Mariano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia R O Silva
- Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto R Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Cabalén MB, Molina GF, Piscitelli V, Rossa M, Aranguren JP, Palma SD, Pino GA, Picca M, Burrow MF. Application of 20% silver nanoclusters in polymethacrylic acid on simulated dentin caries; its penetration depth and effect on surface hardness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21126. [PMID: 38036660 PMCID: PMC10689463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were: To evaluate the surface hardness of simulated dentin caries lesions treated with either silver nanoclusters (AgNCls) synthesized in polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) or 38% silver diammine fluoride (SDF), as well as observe the penetration of the treatment solutions into the simulated caries lesions. Dentin blocks 4 mm thick obtained from caries-free third molars were sectioned and then simulated caries lesions on the occlusal dentin surfaces were created. Each specimen (n = 8) was divided into four sections: (A) treated with 20% AgNCls/PMAA; (B) treated with SDF 38% (FAgamin, Tedequim, Cordoba, Argentina); (C) sound tooth protected by nail-varnish during artificial caries generation (positive control); and (D) artificial caries lesion without surface treatment (negative control). AgNCls/PMAA or SDF were applied on the simulated lesions with a microbrush for 10 s, then excess removed. The surface hardness was measured by means of Vickers indentation test. To trace the depth of penetration, up to 400 μm, of silver ions, elemental composition of the samples was observed using EDX, coupled with SEM, and measured every 50 μm from the surface towards the pulp chamber. Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was also employed to trace silver ion penetration; the atomic silver line 328.06 nm was used with a 60 μm laser spot size to a depth of 240 μm. Student's-t test identified significant differences between treatment groups for each depth and the Bonferroni test was used for statistical analysis of all groups (p < 0.05). Mean surface hardness values obtained were 111.2 MPa, 72.3 MPa, 103.3 MPa and 50.5 MPa for groups A, B, C and D respectively. There was a significant difference between groups A and C compared with groups B and D, the group treated with AgNCls/PMAA achieved the highest surface hardness, similar or higher than the sound dentin control. A constant presence of silver was observed throughout the depth of the sample for group A, while group B showed a peak concentration of silver at the surface with a significant drop beyond 50 μm. The 20% AgNCls/PMAA solution applied to simulated dentin caries lesions achieved the recovery of surface hardness equivalent to sound dentin with the penetration of silver ions throughout the depth of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belén Cabalén
- Becaria CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Fabian Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
- The Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Vincent Piscitelli
- Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de La Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- INFIQC: Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET - UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Rossa
- Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de La Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- INFIQC: Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET - UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Aranguren
- Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de La Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- INFIQC: Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET - UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Daniel Palma
- INFIQC: Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET - UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Ariel Pino
- Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de La Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- INFIQC: Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET - UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisicoquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre S/N, Pabellón Argentina, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana Picca
- Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dawasaz AA, Togoo RA, Mahmood Z, Ahmad A, Thirumulu Ponnuraj K. Remineralization of Dentinal Lesions Using Biomimetic Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020159. [PMID: 37092411 PMCID: PMC10123630 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article was to systematically provide an up-to-date review on the different methods of remineralizing human dentine using different biomimetic agents. The authors performed a systematic search within PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in addition to the grey literature in Google Scholar® using MeSH terms. The PICO question was P: human teeth dentinal sections; I: application of biomimetic remineralizing agents; C: other non-biomimetic approaches; O: extent of remineralization and physical properties of remineralized dentine. The initially identified studies were screened for titles and abstracts. Non-English articles, reviews, animal studies, studies involving the resin-dentine interface, and other irrelevant articles were then excluded. The other remaining full-text articles were retrieved. Bibliographies of the remaining articles were searched for relevant studies that could be included. A total of 4741 articles were found, and finally, 39 full-text articles were incorporated in the current systematic review. From these, twenty-six research studies used non-collagenous protein (NCP) analogs to biomineralize dentine, six studies used bioactive materials derived from natural sources, six studies used zinc hydroxyapatite, and one study used amelogenin peptide to induce hydroxyapatite formation on the surface of demineralized dentine. Additive effects of triclosan and epigenin were assessed when combined with commonly available NCPs. Overall, a moderate risk of bias was observed and, hence, the findings of the included studies could be acceptable. A meta-analysis of some similar studies was performed to assess the depth of remineralization and elastic modulus. Despite having high heterogeneity (I2 > 90), all the studies showed a significant improvement in biomimetic remineralization efficacy as compared to the control. All the included studies carried out a functional remineralization assessment and found a 90-98% efficacy in the extent of remineralization while the elastic modulus reached 88.78 ± 8.35 GPa, which is close to natural dentine. It is pertinent to note the limitations of these studies that have been carried out in vitro under controlled settings, which lack the effects of a natural oral environment. To conclude, the authors suggest that the biomimetic remineralization of dentine using NCP analogs, bioactive materials, and natural products carries significant potential in treating dentinal lesions; however, more long-term studies are needed to assess their clinical applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azhar Dawasaz
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rafi Ahmad Togoo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuliani Mahmood
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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de Oliveira Roma FRV, de Oliveira TJL, Bauer J, Firoozmand LM. Resin-modified glass ionomer enriched with BIOGLASS: Ion-release, bioactivity and antibacterial effect. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:903-911. [PMID: 36382666 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing dental materials for the prevention of remineralization or demineralization is important for high-risk caries patients. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological effects of adding 45S5 bioglass to resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Samples belonged to the following groups: GIC: conventional glass ionomer cement (Vitro Fil), RMGIC: resin-modified GIC (Vitro Fil LC), and RMGIC/45S5: RMGIC with 10% (wt %) of 45S5. Changes in pH and release of fluoride, calcium, and phosphorus ions under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) pH conditions were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was verified based on colony-forming units. Material sorption and solubility were analyzed after bacterial exposure. After 28 days, the bioactivity of the materials was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Analysis of variance, post hoc Scheffe, and Tukey (α = 0.05) tests were employed for statistical analysis. RMGIC/45S5 showed higher alkalization activity, calcium release at pH 4 and 7, and sorption than GIC and RMGIC (p < .05). Release of phosphorus and fluoride at pH 4 and 7 was higher for GIC than that for RMGIC and RMGIC/45S5 (p < .05). RMGIC/45S5 showed higher values than RMGIC (p < .05). However, antibacterial activity did not differ among the groups. Precipitates of calcium and phosphorus were visualized in RMGIC/45S5 samples via SEM/EDS. These results indicate that the RMGIC/45S5 promotes alkalization and increases the release of calcium, phosphorus, and fluoride ions, resulting in precipitate deposition rich in calcium and phosphorus, thereby being a promising option to improve the bioactivity of RMGIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábia Regina Vieira de Oliveira Roma
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Tarcisio Jorge Leitão de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - José Bauer
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Leily Macedo Firoozmand
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Pelepenko LE, Marciano MA, Francati TM, Bombarda G, Bessa Marconato Antunes T, Sorrentino F, Martin RA, Boanini E, Cooper PR, Shelton RM, Camilleri J. Can strontium replace calcium in bioactive materials for dental applications? J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1892-1911. [PMID: 35770805 PMCID: PMC9796236 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The substitution of calcium with strontium in bioactive materials has been promising but there has been some concern over the material instability and possible toxicity. The aim of this research was the synthesis and characterization of calcium and strontium substituted bioactive materials and assessment of interactions with local tissues and peripheral elemental migration in an animal model. A bioactive glass, hydroxyapatite and hydraulic calcium silicate with 50% or 100% calcium substitution with strontium were developed and the set materials were characterized immediately after setting and after 30 and 180-days in solution. Following subcutaneous implantation, the local (tissue histology, elemental migration) and systemic effects (elemental deposition after organ digestion) were assessed. The strontium-replaced silicate cements resulted in the synthesis of partially substituted phases and strontium leaching at all-time points. The strontium silicate implanted in the animal model could not be retrieved in over half of the specimens showing the high rate of material digestion. Tissue histology showed that all materials caused inflammation after 30 days of implantation however this subsided and angiogenesis occurred after 180 days. Strontium was not detected in the local tissues or the peripheral organs while all calcium containing materials caused calcium deposition in the kidneys. The tricalcium silicate caused elemental migration of calcium and silicon in the local tissues shown by the elemental mapping but no deposition of calcium was identified in the peripheral organs verified by the assessment of the digested tissues. Strontium can substitute calcium in bioactive materials without adverse local or systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Bombarda
- School of Dentistry of PiracicabaState University of CampinasPiracicabaBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Boanini
- Department of Chemistry, “Giacomo Ciamician”University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Paul Roy Cooper
- Department of Oral ScienceSir John Walsh Research Institute, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Richard Michael Shelton
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Josette Camilleri
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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10
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Maciel Pires P, Ionescu AC, Pérez-Gracia MT, Vezzoli E, Soares IPM, Brambilla E, de Almeida Neves A, Sauro S. Assessment of the remineralisation induced by contemporary ion-releasing materials in mineral-depleted dentine. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6195-6207. [PMID: 35670863 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate the ability of current ion-releasing materials to remineralise bacteria-driven artificial caries lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardised class I cavities were obtained in 60 extracted human molars. Specimens underwent a microbiological cariogenic protocol (28 days) to generate artificial caries lesions and then were randomly divided into four restorative groups: adhesive + composite (negative control); glass ionomer cement (GIC); calcium silicate cement (MTA); and resin-modified calcium silicate cement (RMTA). Microhardness analysis (ΔKHN) was performed on 40 specimens (10/group, t = 30 days, 45 days, 60 days in artificial saliva, AS). Micro-CT scans were acquired (3/group, t = 0 days, 30 days, and 90 days in AS). Confocal microscopy was employed for interfacial ultra-morphology analysis (2/group, t = 0 days and 60 days in AS). Additional specimens were prepared and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR (n = 3/group + control) to analyse the ability of the tested materials to induce apatite formation on totally demineralised dentine discs (60 days in AS). Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Adhesive + composite specimens showed the lowest ΔKHN values and the presence of gaps at the interface when assessed through micro-CT even after storage in AS. Conversely, all the tested ion-releasing materials presented an increase in ΔKHN after storage (p < 0.05), while MTA best reduced the demineralised artificial carious lesions gap at the interface. MTA and RMTA also showed apatite deposition on totally demineralised dentine surfaces (SEM and FTIR). CONCLUSIONS All tested ion-releasing materials expressed mineral precipitation in demineralised dentine. Additionally, calcium silicate-based materials induced apatite precipitation and hardness recovery of artificial carious dentine lesions over time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Current ion-releasing materials can induce remineralisation of carious dentine. MTA shows enhanced ability of nucleation/precipitation of hydroxyapatite compared to RMTA and GIC, which may be more appropriate to recover severe mineral-depleted dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Maciel Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrei Cristian Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pérez-Gracia
- Microbiology, Departamento de Farmacia, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Vezzoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Igor Paulino Mendes Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aline de Almeida Neves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
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11
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Sajini S, Atmeh AR, Banerjee A, Festy F, Cook RJ, Andiappan M, Watson TF. Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1710-1720. [PMID: 36123189 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential mineralising effects of calcium silicate-based dentine replacement material (Biodentine™) in comparison with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX™) on different human dentine substrates using a multimodal non-invasive optical assessment. METHODS Cements were applied on artificially demineralised or naturally carious dentine and stored for 4 weeks in phosphate-rich media +/- tetracycline used for mineralisation labelling. Interfacial dentine was examined from the same sample and location before and after aging using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy was used to detect changes in the mineral content of dentine. RESULTS Significant changes in the fluorescence intensity and lifetime were detected in partially demineralised dentine and caries-affected dentine underneath both tested cements, after storage (p < 0.001). This was associated with a significant increase in the mineral content as indicated by the increased intensity of the phosphate Raman peak located at 959 cm-1 (p < 0.0001). Caries-infected dentine showed significant fluorescence changes under Biodentine™ after storage (p < 0.001), but not under GIC (p = 0.44). Tetracycline binding induced a reduction in the fluorescence lifetime with comparable increase in the fluorescence intensity in both cements' groups within the affected dentine (p < 0.001). Significance Two-photon fluorescence microscopy can be used efficiently for non-destructive in-vitro dentine caries characterisation providing a technique for studying the same dentine-cement interface over time and detect changes. Biodentine™ demonstrated comparable remineralising potential to GIC, in addition to inducing remineralisation of caries-infected dentine. This may suggest using Biodentine™ as part of minimally invasive operative dentistry (MID) in caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shara Sajini
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amre R Atmeh
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Richard J Cook
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manoharan Andiappan
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy F Watson
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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12
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Garoushi S, Vallittu P, Lassila L. Development and characterization of ion-releasing fiber-reinforced flowable composite. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1598-1609. [PMID: 36041943 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop and characterize an ion-releasing experimental fiber-reinforced flowable composite (Bio-SFRC) and dentin treatment solution made of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with a high molecular weight. In addition we also evaluated the interface structure and mineralization potential between the Bio-SFRC and dentin. METHODS Some mechanical properties (flexural properties and fracture toughness) of Bio-SFRC in comparison with commercial inert (G-aenial Flo X) and ion-releasing materials (ACTIVA-BioActive Base/Liner and Fuji II LC) were assessed (n = 8/group). Calcium-release at different time-points was measured during the first six weeks by using a calcium-ion selective electrode. Surface analysis of composites after being stored in simulated body fluid (SBF) was investigated by using SEM/EDS. Dentin disks (n = 50) were prepared from extracted sound teeth and demineralization was simulated by acid etching. SEM/EDS was used to evaluate the microstructure of dentin on the top surface and at interface with composites after being stored in SBF. RESULTS Bio-SFRC showed higher fracture toughness (1.6 MPa m1/2) (p < 0.05) compared to Flo X (1.2 MPa m1/2), ACTIVA (1 MPa m1/2) and Fuji II LC (0.8 MPa m1/2). Accumulative calcium release after six weeks from Bio-SFRC (15 mg/l) was higher than other tested ion-releasing materials (≈ 6 mg/l). Mineralization was clearly seen at the interface between treated dentin and Bio-SFRC. None of the commercial tested materials showed signs of mineralization at the interface and dentinal tubules remained open. SIGNIFICANCE Developing such reinforced ion-releasing flowable composite and PAA solution might offer the potential for mineralization at the interface and inside the organic matrix of demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care, Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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13
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Zhang Q, Guo J, Huang Z, Mai S. Promotion Effect of Carboxymethyl Chitosan on Dental Caries via Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen and Dentin Remineralization. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144835. [PMID: 35888302 PMCID: PMC9319914 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe ultrastructural changes during the process of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-mediated intrafibrillar mineralization, we evaluated the biomimetic remineralization potential of CMC in type-I collagen fibrils and membranes, and further explored the bond strength as well as the bond interfacial integrity of the biomimetic remineralized artificial caries-affected dentin (ACAD). Methods: A mineralized solution containing 200 μg/mL CMC was used to induce type-I collagen biomimetic remineralization in ACAD, while traditional mineralization without CMC was used as a control. The process and pattern of mineralization were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) as well as structured illumination microscopy (SIM). The Vickers hardness test was used to quantify the dentin hardness, while the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test was used to assess the bond strength and durability. The bond interfacial integrity was evaluated by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Results: TEM, SEM, and SIM images showed that CMC had a positive effect on stabilizing amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and promoting intrafibrillar mineralization, while extrafibrillar mineralization was formed without CMC. Furthermore, hardness evaluation and µTBS proved that CMC significantly increased dentin hardness and bond strength. CLSM indicated that CMC could create a significantly better bond interfacial integrity with less of a micro-gap in ACAD. Significance: CMC possessed the ability to promote intrafibrillar mineralization and remineralization in demineralized caries dentin lesions, as well as improve bond performance, which implied its potential in carious dentin demineralization or dentin hypersensitivity and possibly even as a possible material for indirect pulp-capping, to deal with deep caries. Highlights: CMC possessed the ability to induce intrafibrillar mineralization effectively; the bond strength and bond durability of demineralized caries dentin were improved via CMC-induced remineralization; the CMC-induced remineralization complex is a potential material for indirect pulp-capping, to deal with deep caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Zihua Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Sui Mai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
- Correspondence:
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14
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Saghiri MA, Vakhnovetsky J, Vakhnovetsky A, Ghobrial M, Nath D, Morgano SM. Functional role of inorganic trace elements in dentin apatite tissue-Part 1: Mg, Sr, Zn, and Fe. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126932. [PMID: 35101699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many essential elements exist in nature with significant influence on dentin and bone apatite tissue. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the major inorganic crystalline structure of dentin that provides a site for various physiological functions such as surface layer ion exchange. Decades of apatite research have shown that enamel is a high-substituted crystalline apatite, but recent findings suggest that dentin apatite may play a more important role in regulating ion exchange as well as mineral crystallinity. This article is the first part of a review series on the functional role of inorganic trace elements including magnesium, strontium, zinc, and iron in dentin hydroxyapatite. The morphology, physiology, crystallinity, and solubility of these elements as they get substituted into the HAp lattice are extensively discussed. An electronic search was performed on the role of these elements in dentin apatite from January 2007 to September 2021. The relationship between different elements and their role in the mineral upkeep of dentin apatite was evaluated. Several studies recognized the role of these elements in dentinal apatite composition and its subsequent effects on morphology, crystallinity, and solubility. These elements are of great importance in physiological processes and an essential part of living organisms. Magnesium and strontium stimulate osteoblast activity, while zinc can improve overall bone quality with its antibacterial properties. Iron nanoparticles are also vital in promoting bone tissue growth as they donate or accept electrons in redox reactions. Thus, understanding how these elements impact dentin apatite structure is of great clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States; Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Julia Vakhnovetsky
- Sector of Angiogenesis Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, NJ, United States; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Marina Ghobrial
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Devyani Nath
- Biomaterial and Prosthodontics Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Steven M Morgano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
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15
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Yang J, Huang J, Qin H, Long J, Lin X, Xie F. Remineralization of human dentin type I collagen fibrils induced by carboxylated polyamidoamine dendrimer/amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomposite: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:668-686. [PMID: 34809527 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.2008789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Intrafibrillar mineralization of type I collagen fibrils is of great significance in dental remineralization, which is the key of caries prevention and treatment. Herein, two substances that have the remineralization ability, carboxylated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM-COOH) and nano-sized amorphous calcium phosphate (n-ACP) were combined to synthesize a novel nanomaterial, carboxylated polyamidoamine dendrimer/amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomposite (PAMAM-COOH/ACP). This article aims to evaluate the remineralization effect of PAMAM-COOH/ACP of dentin type I collagen fibrils in vitro. Fluorescence labeling technique was innovatively used to observe and evaluate the remineralization effect. PAMAM-COOH/ACP showed superior remineralization ability of human dentin type I collagen fibrils, especially the intrafibrillar remineralization. Therefore, the novel nanomaterial PAMAM-COOH/ACP is promising to prevent and treat various diseases caused by dentin demineralization and to improve various dental materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Jingxian Huang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hejia Qin
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jindong Long
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuandong Lin
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fangfang Xie
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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16
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Cascales ÁF, Moscardó AP, Toledano M, Banerjee A, Sauro S. An in-vitro investigation of the bond strength of experimental ion-releasing dental adhesives to caries-affected dentine after 1 year of water storage. J Dent 2022; 119:104075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Xie F, Long J, Yang J, Qin H, Lin X, Chen W. Effect of a new modified polyamidoamine dendrimer biomimetic system on the mineralization of type I collagen fibrils: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:212-228. [PMID: 34547218 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1982642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the effects of the new Dentine matrix protein 1 (DMP-1) biomimetic system composed of phosphorylated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM-PO3H2) and carboxylated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM-COOH) on the mineralization of type I collagen fibrils. PAMAM-PO3H2 and PAMAM-COOH were observed to have the ability to induce internal and external mineralization of type I collagen fibrils in vitro through non-classical mineralization crystallization pathway, which has become a hopeful biomimetic system of biomimetic remineralization and demineralization of dentin type I collagen fibrils and has great potential in inducing biomimetic remineralization of demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xie
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jindong Long
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hejia Qin
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuandong Lin
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenxia Chen
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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18
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Al-Taee L, Banerjee A, Deb S. In-Vitro Adhesive and Interfacial Analysis of A Phosphorylated Resin Polyalkenoate Cement Bonded To Dental Hard Tissues. J Dent 2022; 118:104050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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19
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Liang K, Gao Y, Tao S, Weir MD, Zhou C, Li J, Xu HHK. Dentin remineralization in acidic solution without initial calcium phosphate ions via poly(amido amine) and calcium phosphate nanocomposites after fluid challenges. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1517-1530. [PMID: 34392408 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A previous study showed that the combination of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) and rechargeable composites with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) induced dentin remineralization in an acidic solution with no initial calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions, mimicking the oral condition of individuals with dry mouths. However, the frequent fluid challenge in the oral cavity may decrease the remineralization capacity. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the remineralization efficacy on dentin in an acid solution via PAMAM + NACP after fluid challenges for the first time. METHODS The NACP nanocomposite was stored in a pH 4 solution for 77 days to exhaust its Ca and P ions and then recharged. Demineralized dentin samples were divided into four groups: (1) control dentin, (2) dentin coated with PAMAM, (3) dentin with recharged NACP composite, and (4) dentin with PAMAM + recharged NACP. PAMAM-coated dentin was shaken in phosphate-buffered saline for 77 days to desorb PAMAM from dentin. Samples were treated in pH 4 lactic acid with no initial Ca and P ions for 42 days. RESULTS After 77 days of fluid challenge, PAMAM failed to prevent dentin demineralization in lactic acid. The recharged NACP nanocomposite raised the pH to above 6.5 and re-released more than 6.0 and 4.0 mmol/L Ca and P ions daily, respectively, which inhibited further demineralization. In contrast, the PAMAM + NACP combined method induced great dentin remineralization and restored the dentin microhardness to 0.54 ± 0.04 GPa, which approached that of sound dentin (P = 0.426, P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The PAMAM + NACP combination achieved dentin remineralization in an acid solution with no initial Ca and P ions, even after severe fluid challenges. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The novel PAMAM + NACP has a strong and sustained remineralization capability to inhibit secondary caries, even for individuals with dry mouths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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20
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Kim HJ, Bae HE, Lee JE, Park IS, Kim HG, Kwon J, Kim DS. Effects of bioactive glass incorporation into glass ionomer cement on demineralized dentin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7016. [PMID: 33782472 PMCID: PMC8007704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of the incorporation of sodium-free bioactive glass into glass ionomer cement (GIC) on the demineralized dentin are studied. Four experimental groups with various amounts of BAG in GIC were considered: BG0 group: 0 wt% (control); BG5 group: 5 wt%; BG10 group: 10 wt%; BG20 group: 20 wt%. The GIC surface and GIC-approximated demineralized dentin surfaces were evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to evaluate the chemical changes in the GIC-approximated dentin surface. In addition, a shear bond strength test was performed to evaluate the effects of BAG incorporation on the bond strength of GIC. FE–SEM analysis indicated that BAG-incorporated GICs formed distinct precipitates on their surface. Precipitates were also formed on the GIC-approximated demineralized dentin surface. It was more obvious when the amount of BAG increased. In the XRD analysis, fluorapatitie (FAP) peaks were detected in the BG5, BG10, and BG20 groups. There was no significant difference in the shear bond strength among all experimental groups. BAG-incorporated GIC precipitated FAP crystals underlying demineralized dentin surface without affecting bond strength. This study suggests the possibility of BAG as a beneficial additive in GIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Eul Bae
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Seong Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Gyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kwon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duck-Su Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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21
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Qin H, Long J, Zhou J, Wu L, Xie F. Use of phosphorylated PAMAM and carboxyled PAMAM to induce dentin biomimetic remineralization and dentinal tubule occlusion. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:800-807. [PMID: 33642446 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It is crucial to emphasize the biomineralization therapeutic method to repair etched dentin in clinic. Non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) play critical role in the biomineralization of dentine. In this paper, we synthesized the phosphate-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM-PO3H2) by one-step modification successfully and examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H-nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) to characterize the structure of PAMAM-PO3H2. PAMAM-PO3H2 and carboxylterminated dendrimers (PAMAM-COOH) were applied as the dual biomimetic analogs of NCPs. Through the characterization of FT-IR, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the surfaces of human dentin were covered with regenerated crystals and the dentinal tubules were occluded by PAMAM-PO3H2 and PAMAM-COOH. In summary, the combination of PAMAM-PO3H2 and PAMAM-COOH may be another feasible therapeutic method for the treatment of dentin caries and dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejia Qin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Jindong Long
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Liuxian Wu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Fangfang Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangxi Medical University
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22
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Nicholson JW, Coleman NJ, Sidhu SK. Kinetics of ion release from a conventional glass-ionomer cement. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:30. [PMID: 33725215 PMCID: PMC7966620 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Release kinetics for sodium, silicon, aluminium, calcium and phosphorus from conventional glass-ionomer dental cement has been studied in neutral and acid conditions. Specimens (6 mm height × 4 mm diameter) were made from AquaCem (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany), 6 per experiment. They were matured (37 °C, 1 h), then placed in 5 cm3 storage solution at 20-22 °C. In the first experiment, deionised water, changed daily for 28 days, was used. In the second, deionised water, changed monthly for 21 months, was used. In the third, lactic acid (20 mmol dm-3, pH: 2.7 ± 0.1), changed monthly for 21 months was used. After storage each solution was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Results showed that in neutral conditions, no calcium was released, but in acid, significant amounts were released. The other elements (Na, Al, Si and P) were released in neutral as well as acid conditions, with greater amounts in acid. More frequent changes of water gave greater release. In neutral conditions, release over 21 months followed the equation: [E]c = [E]1t/(t + t½) + β√t ([E]c is the cumulative release of the element). In acid conditions, this became: [E]c = [E]1t/(t + t½) + αt. Hence release of all elements was shown to occur in two steps, a rapid initial one (half-life: 12-18 h) and a longer second one. In neutral conditions, the longer step involves diffusion; in acid it involves erosion. These patterns influence the material's bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Nicholson
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
- Bluefield Centre for Biomaterials, 67-68 Hatton Garden, London, EC1N 8JY, UK.
| | - Nichola J Coleman
- School of Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Sharanbir K Sidhu
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK
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23
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Huang Y, Song B, Zhou X, Chen H, Wang H, Cheng L. Dental Restorative Materials for Elderly Populations. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050828. [PMID: 33800358 PMCID: PMC7962827 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of dental caries, especially root caries, has risen in elderly populations in recent years. Specialized restorative materials are needed due to the specific site of root caries and the age-related changes in general and oral health in the elderly. Unfortunately, the restorative materials commonly used clinically cannot fully meet the requirements in this population. Specifically, the antibacterial, adhesive, remineralization, mechanical, and anti-aging properties of the materials need to be significantly improved for dental caries in the elderly. This review mainly discusses the strengths and weaknesses of currently available materials, including amalgam, glass ionomer cement, and light-cured composite resin, for root caries. It also reviews the studies on novel anti-caries materials divided into three groups, antimicrobial, remineralization, and self-healing materials, and explores their potential in the clinical use for caries in the elderly. Therefore, specific restorative materials for caries in the elderly, especially for root caries, need to be further developed and applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.H.); (B.S.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bingqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.H.); (B.S.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.H.); (B.S.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China;
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.H.); (B.S.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (Y.H.); (B.S.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (L.C.)
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24
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25
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Liang K, Wang S, Tao S, Xiao S, Zhou H, Wang P, Cheng L, Zhou X, Weir MD, Oates TW, Li J, Xu HHK. Dental remineralization via poly(amido amine) and restorative materials containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Int J Oral Sci 2019; 11:15. [PMID: 31068570 PMCID: PMC6506538 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth decay is prevalent, and secondary caries causes restoration failures, both of which are related to demineralization. There is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic materials with remineralization functions. This article represents the first review on the cutting edge research of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) in combination with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP). PAMAM was excellent nucleation template, and could absorb calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions via its functional groups to activate remineralization. NACP composite and adhesive showed acid-neutralization and Ca and P ion release capabilities. PAMAM+NACP together showed synergistic effects and produced triple benefits: excellent nucleation templates, superior acid-neutralization, and ions release. Therefore, the PAMAM+NACP strategy possessed much greater remineralization capacity than using PAMAM or NACP alone. PAMAM+NACP achieved dentin remineralization even in an acidic solution without any initial Ca and P ions. Besides, the long-term remineralization capability of PAMAM+NACP was established. After prolonged fluid challenge, the immersed PAMAM with the recharged NACP still induced effective dentin mineral regeneration. Furthermore, the hardness of pre-demineralized dentin was increased back to that of healthy dentin, indicating a complete remineralization. Therefore, the novel PAMAM+NACP approach is promising to provide long-term therapeutic effects including tooth remineralization, hardness increase, and caries-inhibition capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics & Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shimeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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26
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Schwendicke F, Al-Abdi A, Pascual Moscardó A, Ferrando Cascales A, Sauro S. Remineralization effects of conventional and experimental ion-releasing materials in chemically or bacterially-induced dentin caries lesions. Dent Mater 2019; 35:772-779. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Al Taee L, Banerjee A, Deb S. An integrated multifunctional hybrid cement (pRMGIC) for dental applications. Dent Mater 2019; 35:636-649. [PMID: 30819551 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glass-ionomer and resin-modified glass-ionomer cements are versatile materials with the ability to form a direct bond with tooth tissues. The aim of this study was to formulate a novel class of dental bio-interactive restorative material (pRMGIC) based on resin-modified glass-ionomer cements via the inclusion of an organophosphorus monomer, ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, with a potential to improve the mechanical properties and also function as a reparative restorative material. METHODS pRMGIC was formulated with modification of the resin phase by forming mixes of ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (EGMP; 0-40%wt) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer into the liquid phase of a RMGIC (Fuji II LC, GC Corp.). The physical properties of the cements were determined including setting characteristics, compressive strength and modulus (CS &CM), microhardness (MH) and biaxial flexural strength (BFS). Fluid uptake and fluoride release were assessed up to 60 days storage. Adhesion to sound dentine was measured using micro-tensile bond strength and surface integrity was analysed using SEM coupled with EDX. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. RESULTS The pRMGIC cements exhibited an increase in working time with increasing EGMP concentration however were within the limits of standard clinical requirements. Although the compressive strength of pRMGIC cements were comparable to control cements in the early stages of maturation, the higher EGMP-containing cements (EGMP30 and 40) exhibited significantly greater values (p < 0.05) after 4 weeks storage (141.0 ± 9 and 140.4 ± 8 MPa, respectively), in comparison to EGMP0 (128.8 ± 7 MPa). A dramatic two fold increase in biaxial flexural strength (p < 0.001) was observed for the pRMGIC's. Furthermore, the ability to decalcify tooth apatite resulted in enhanced interfacial adhesion due to chelation with calcium ions of tooth apatite. The inclusion of EGMP encouraged formation of reinforcing complexes within the RMGIC, thus improving physical properties, decreasing solubility and lower fluoride release. A dense microstructure was observed with increasing EGMP content. SIGNIFICANCE A novel universal bio-interactive adhesive repair material will enable clinicians to offer more effective repair of the tooth-restoration complex, thus future treatments will benefit both patient and a severely constrained healthcare budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamis Al Taee
- Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translation Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Floor 17, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Conservative & MI Dentistry, Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translation Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Floor 26, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sanjukta Deb
- Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translation Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Floor 17, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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28
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Bacino M, Girn V, Nurrohman H, Saeki K, Marshall SJ, Gower L, Saeed E, Stewart R, Le T, Marshall GW, Habelitz S. Integrating the PILP-mineralization process into a restorative dental treatment. Dent Mater 2018; 35:53-63. [PMID: 30545611 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The addition of charged polymers, like poly-aspartic acid (pAsp), to mineralizing solutions allows for transport of calcium and phosphate ions into the lumen of collagen fibrils and subsequent crystallization of oriented apatite crystals by the so-called Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) mineralization process, leading to the functional recovery of artificial dentin lesions by intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of applying the PILP method as part of a restorative treatment and test for effectiveness to functionally remineralize artificial lesions in dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two methods of providing pAsp to standardized artificial lesions during a restorative procedure were applied: (A) pAsp was mixed into commercial RMGI (resin modified glass ionomer) cement formulations and (B) pAsp was added at high concentration (25mg/ml) in solution to rehydrate lesions before restoring with a RMGI cement. All specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid for two weeks to allow for remineralization and then analyzed for dehydration shrinkage, integrity of cement-dentin interface, degree of mineralization, and changes in the nanomechanical profile (E-modulus) across the lesion. RESULTS After the remineralization treatment, lesion shrinkage was significantly reduced for all treatment groups compared to demineralized samples. Pores developed in RMGI when pAsp was added. A thin layer at the dentin-cement interface, rich in polymer formed possibly from a reaction between pAsp and the RMGI. When analyzed by SEM under vacuum, most lesions delaminated from the cement interface. EDS-analysis showed some but not full recovery of calcium and phosphorous levels for treatment groups that involved pAsp. Nanoindentations placed across the interface indicated improvement for RMGI containing 40% pAsp, and were significantly elevated when lesions were rehydrated with pAsp before being restored with RMGI. In particular the most demineralized outer zone recovered substantially in the elastic modulus, suggesting that functional remineralization has been initiated by pAsp delivery upon rehydration of air-dried demineralized dentin. In contrast, the effectiveness of the RMGI on functional remineralization of dentin was minimal when pAsp was absent. SIGNIFICANCE Incorporation of pAsp into restorative treatments using RMGIs promises to be a feasible way to induce the PILP-mineralization process in a clinical setting and to repair the structure and properties of dentin damaged by the caries process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Bacino
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vishavjeet Girn
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hamid Nurrohman
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA; Missouri School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Kuniko Saeki
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sally J Marshall
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laurie Gower
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ella Saeed
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ray Stewart
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thuan Le
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Grayson W Marshall
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Habelitz
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Daood U, Matinlinna JP, Fawzy AS. Synergistic effects of VE-TPGS and riboflavin in crosslinking of dentine. Dent Mater 2018; 35:356-367. [PMID: 30528297 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Effect of d-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethyleneglycol)-1000-succinate (VE-TPGS) with riboflavin-5'-phosphate solution on crosslinking of dentine collagen was investigated to analyze collagen's structural integrity. METHODS VE-TPGS was added to RF-solution, at RF/VE-TPGS (w/w) ratios of 0.125/0.250 and 0.125/0.500. Demineralized dentine beams were used (10wt.% phosphoric acid), rinsed using deionized-water and analysed using ELISA (Human MMP2 ELISA; Human CTSK/Cathepsin-K for MMP2 and Cathepsin K analysis). AFM of dentine collagen-fibrils structure was done before and after dentine specimens' placement in mineralization solution and tested after 14days in artificial saliva/collagenase (AS/Co) solution. The specimens were tested after 24h in mineralization solution for surface/bulk elastic modulus. Nano-indentation was carried out for each specimen on intertubular-dentine with lateral spacing of 400nm. Reduced elastic-modulus and nano-hardness were calculated and collagen content was determined using hydroxyproline-assay. Micro-Raman were performed. TEM was carried out to study structural variations of dentine-collagen in artificial-saliva (collagenase). Data were presented as mean±standard deviation and analyzed by SPSS v.15, by analysis of variance. RESULTS Synergetic effect of VE-TPGS was observed with RF through higher structural integrity of dentine collagen-fibrils shown by TEM/AFM. Superior surface/bulk mechanical stability was shown by nano-indentation/mechanical testing. Improvement in collagenase degradation resistance for hydroxyproline release was observed and lower endogenous-protease release of MMP-2/Cathepsin-K. Raman-analysis analysed chemical interactions between RF and collagen confirming structural-integrity of collagen fibrils after crosslinking. After 24h mineralization, AFM showed mineral depositions in close association with dentine-collagen fibrils with RF/VE-TPGS formulations. SIGNIFICANCE Potential synergetic effect of RF/VE-TPGS was observed by reflection of higher structural integrity and conformational-stability of dentine-collagen fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Daood
- Clinical Dentistry, Restorative Division, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A S Fawzy
- UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
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30
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Sauro S, Faus-Matoses V, Makeeva I, Nuñez Martí JM, Gonzalez Martínez R, García Bautista JA, Faus-Llácer V. Effects of Polyacrylic Acid Pre-Treatment on Bonded-Dentine Interfaces Created with a Modern Bioactive Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Subjected to Cycling Mechanical Stress. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101884. [PMID: 30279354 PMCID: PMC6213221 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) are considered excellent restorative materials with unique therapeutic and anti-cariogenic activity. However, concerns exist regarding the use of polyacrylic acid as a dentine conditioner as it may influence the bonding performance of RMGIC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different protocols for cycling mechanical stress on the bond durability and interfacial ultramorphology of a modern RMGIC applied to dentine pre-treated with/without polyacrylic acid conditioner (PAA). METHODS The RMGIC was applied onto human dentine specimens prepared with silicon-carbide (SiC) abrasive paper with or without the use of a PAA conditioner. The specimens were immersed in deionised water for 24 h then divided in 3 groups. The first group was cut into matchsticks (cross-sectional area of 0.9 mm2) and tested immediately for microtensile bond strength (MTBS). The second was first subjected to load cycling (250,000 cycles; 3 Hz; 70 N) and then cut into matchsticks and tested for MTBS. The third group was subjected to load cycling (250,000 cycles; 3 Hz; 70 N), cut into matchsticks, and then immersed for 8 months storage in artificial saliva (AS); these were finally tested for MTBS. The results were analysed statistically using two-way ANOVA and the Student⁻Newman⁻Keuls test (α = 0.05). Fractographic analysis was performed using FE-SEM, while further RMCGIC-bonded dentine specimens were aged as previously described and used for interfacial ultramorphology characterisation (dye nanoleakage) using confocal microscopy. RESULTS The RMGIC applied onto dentine that received no pre-treatment (10% PAA gel) showed no significant reduction in MTBS after load cycling followed by 8 months of storage in AS (p > 0.05). The RMGIC⁻dentine interface created in PAA-conditioned SiC-abraded dentine specimens showed no sign of degradation, but with porosities within the bonding interface both after load cycling and after 8 months of storage in AS. Conversely, the RMGIC⁻dentine interface of the specimens with no PAA pre-treatment showed no sign of porosity within the interface after any of the aging protocols, although some bonded-dentine interfaces presented cohesive cracks within the cement after prolonged AS storage. However, the specimens of this group showed no significant reduction in bond strength (p < 0.05) after 8 months of storage in AS or load cycling (p > 0.05). After prolonged AS storage, the bond strength value attained in RMGIC⁻dentine specimens created in PAA pre-treated dentine were significantly higher than those observed in the specimens created with no PAA pre-treatment in dentine. CONCLUSIONS PAA conditioning of dentine prior to application of RMGIC induces no substantial effect on the bond strength after short-term storage, but its use may increase the risk of collagen degradation at the bonding interface after prolonged aging. Modern RMGIC applied without PAA dentine pre-treatment may have greater therapeutic synergy with saliva during cycle occlusal load, thereby enhancing the remineralisation and protection of the bonding interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sauro
- Departamento de Odontologia, Facultad de Sciencia de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Sechenov University Russia, 119435 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vicente Faus-Matoses
- Departamento de Estomatología. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Irina Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Sechenov University Russia, 119435 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Juan Manuel Nuñez Martí
- Departamento de Odontologia, Facultad de Sciencia de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Raquel Gonzalez Martínez
- Departamento de Odontologia, Facultad de Sciencia de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Antonio García Bautista
- Departamento de Odontologia, Facultad de Sciencia de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Vicente Faus-Llácer
- Departamento de Estomatología. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Neves AB, Bergstrom TG, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, dos Santos TMP, Lopes RT, de Almeida Neves A. Mineral density changes in bovine carious dentin after treatment with bioactive dental cements: a comparative micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1865-1870. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pires PM, Santos TP, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Pithon MM, Lopes RT, Neves AA. Mineral density in carious dentine after treatment with calcium silicates and polyacrylic acid-based cements. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1292-1300. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - T. P. Santos
- Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - M. M. Pithon
- State University of Southwestern Bahia; Jequié BA Brazil
| | - R. T. Lopes
- Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. A. Neves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Sauro S, Watson T, Moscardó AP, Luzi A, Feitosa VP, Banerjee A. The effect of dentine pre-treatment using bioglass and/or polyacrylic acid on the interfacial characteristics of resin-modified glass ionomer cements. J Dent 2018; 73:32-39. [PMID: 29609016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of load-cycle aging and/or 6 months artificial saliva (AS) storage on bond durability and interfacial ultramorphology of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) applied onto dentine air-abraded using Bioglass 45S5 (BAG) with/without polyacrylic acid (PAA) conditioning. METHODS RMGIC (Ionolux, VOCO) was applied onto human dentine specimens prepared with silicon-carbide abrasive paper or air-abraded with BAG with or without the use of PAA conditioning. Half of bonded-teeth were submitted to load cycling (150,000 cycles) and half immersed in deionised water for 24 h. They were cut into matchsticks and submitted immediately to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing or 6 months in AS immersion and subsequently μTBS tested. Results were analysed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (α = 0.05). Fractographic analysis was performed using FE-SEM, while further RMGIC-bonded specimens were surveyed for interfacial ultramorphology characterisation (dye-assisted nanoleakage) using confocal microscopy. RESULTS RMGIC applied onto dentine air-abraded with BAG regardless PAA showed no significant μTBS reduction after 6 months of AS storage and/or load cycling (p > 0.05). RMGIC-dentine interface showed no sign of degradation/nanoleakage after both aging regimens. Conversely, interfaces created in PAA-conditioned SiC-abraded specimens showed significant reduction in μTBS (p < 0.05) after 6 months of storage and/or load cycling with evident porosities within bonding interface. CONCLUSIONS Dentine pre-treatment using BAG air-abrasion might be a suitable strategy to enhance the bonding performance and durability of RMGIC applied to dentine. The use of PAA conditioner in smear layer-covered dentine may increase the risk of degradation at the bonding interface. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE A combined dentine pre-treatment using bioglass followed by PAA may increase the bond strength and maintain it stable over time. Conversely, the use of PAA conditioning alone may offer no significant contribute to the immediate and prolonged bonding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials, Preventive & Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontologia, CEU Carndenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain; Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics Research Division, King's College London Dental Institute, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Timothy Watson
- Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics Research Division, King's College London Dental Institute, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Arlinda Luzi
- Dental Biomaterials, Preventive & Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontologia, CEU Carndenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Avijit Banerjee
- Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics Research Division, King's College London Dental Institute, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Conservative & MI Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute, King's College London, United Kingdom
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Long-term dentin remineralization by poly(amido amine) and rechargeable calcium phosphate nanocomposite after fluid challenges. Dent Mater 2018; 34:607-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Wang P, Gao J, Wang D, Snead ML, Li J, Ruan J. Optimizing concentration of titanium tetrafluoride solution for human dentine remineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tao S, Fan M, Xu HHK, Li J, He L, Zhou X, Liang K, Li J. The remineralization effectiveness of PAMAM dendrimer with different terminal groups on demineralized dentin in vitro. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the dentin remineralization extent that poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) induces quantitatively, and select the most effective kind of PAMAM with a certain terminal group for dentin remineralization, both for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
| | - Menglin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry
- Baltimore
- USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Libang He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
| | - Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
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Ding C, Chen Z, Li J. From molecules to macrostructures: recent development of bioinspired hard tissue repair. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:1435-1449. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00247e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the bioinspired strategies for hard tissue repair, ranging from molecule-induced mineralization, to microscale assembly to macroscaffold fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuoxin Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
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De Caluwé T, Vercruysse C, Declercq H, Schaubroeck D, Verbeeck R, Martens L. Bioactivity and biocompatibility of two fluoride containing bioactive glasses for dental applications. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1414-1428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Abdi A, Paris S, Schwendicke F. Glass hybrid, but not calcium hydroxide, remineralized artificial residual caries lesions in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:389-396. [PMID: 27033226 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For deep carious lesions, less invasive carious tissue removal is recommended. The resulting residual carious lesions might benefit from remineralization by lining or restoration materials. We aimed to compare mineral gains in artificial residual lesions provided by calcium hydroxide and glass hybrid materials in combination with pulpal fluid simulation. METHODS On the coronal aspect of human dentin discs (n = 20), artificial carious lesions were induced using acetic acid. Median mineral loss ΔZ [25th/75th percentiles] of resulting lesions was 1643 [1301/1858] vol% μm. One third of each disc served as baseline sample. The remaining disc was divided into four groups, each being covered with one experimental material (n = 20/group): flowable composite (control (CO)), setting or non-setting calcium hydroxide liner plus flowable composite (CH-S, CH-NS), and glass hybrid (GH). Samples were mounted in a dual-chamber device. Pulpal surfaces were exposed to simulated pulpal fluid at 2.94 kPa. Coronal surfaces were exposed to artificial saliva and rinsed with 200 ppm NaF every 2 weeks. After 12 weeks, mineral loss differences (ΔΔZ) were assessed using transverse microradiography. Electron probe microscopic analysis was used to measure fluoride and strontium concentrations. RESULTS Mineral gains were not significantly different between CO (ΔΔZ = 372 [115/501] vol% μm), CH-S (ΔΔZ = 317 [229/919] vol% μm), or CH-NS (ΔΔZ = 292 [130/579] vol% μm; p > 0.05/Wilcoxon test) but significantly increased in GH (ΔΔZ = 1044 [751/1264] vol% μm, p < 0.001). Samples in GH showed fluoride and strontium enrichment deep into the dentin. Such enrichment was not found in CO. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, GH, but not calcium hydroxide, provided coronal remineralization of residual carious lesions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Glass hybrids might provide additional remineralization of residual carious lesions. The functional implications of this mineral gain need to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allam Al-Abdi
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Paris
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
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Luo XJ, Yang HY, Niu LN, Mao J, Huang C, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Translation of a solution-based biomineralization concept into a carrier-based delivery system via the use of expanded-pore mesoporous silica. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:378-387. [PMID: 26657191 PMCID: PMC5138859 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mineralization of collagen fibrils using solution-based systems containing biomimetic analogs of matrix proteins to stabilize supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions have been predictably achieved in vitro. Solution-based systems have limitations when used for in-situ remineralization of human hypomineralized tissues because periodic replenishment of the mineralizing solution is infeasible. A carrier-based platform designed for delivering mineral precursors would be highly desirable. In the present work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles with expanded pores (eMSN; 14.8nm) were synthesized. Polyacrylic acid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (PA-ACP) was generated from a supersaturated calcium and phosphate ion-containing solution, and chosen as the model mineralizing phase. After amine functionalization (AF) of the eMSN through a post-grafting method, the positively-charged AF-eMSN enabled loading of PA-ACP by electrostatic interaction. In-vitro cytotoxicity testing indicated that PA-ACP@AF-eMSN was highly biocompatible. The release kinetics of mineralization precursors from PA-ACP@AF-eMSN was characterized by an initial period of rapid calcium and phosphate release that reached a plateau after 120h. Intrafibrillar mineralization was examined using a 2-D fibrillar collagen model; successful mineralization was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. To date, this is the first endeavor that employs expanded-pore mesoporous silica to deliver polymer-stabilized intermediate precursors of calcium phosphate for intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen. The carrier-based delivery system bridges the gap between contemporary solution-based biomineralization concepts and clinical practice, and is useful for in-situ remineralization of bone and teeth. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Concepts of collagen biomineralization have been reasonably well established in the past few years and intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen fibrils can be predictably achieved with analogs of matrix proteins using solution-based systems. However, solution-based systems have their limitations in clinical applications that require direct application of mineralization precursors in-situ because periodic replenishment of the mineralizing solution is impossible. The present work presents for the first time, the use of amine-functionalized mesoporous silica with expanded pores for loading and release of polyacid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate mineralization precursors, and for intrafibrillar mineralization of type I collagen fibrils. This strategy represents an important step in the translational application of contemporary biomineralization concepts for in-situ remineralization of bone and teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Ye Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - David H Pashley
- College of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Franklin R Tay
- College of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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DIAS GF, CHIBINSKI ACR, SANTOS FAD, HASS V, ALVES FBT, WAMBIER DS. The hardness and chemical changes in demineralized primary dentin treated by fluoride and glass ionomer cement. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.08815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background Fluoride plays an important role in the control of dental caries. Aim To evaluate the chemical exchange between restoration of glass ionomer cement of high viscosity (GIC) and primary dentin with application of sodium fluoride (NaF) 2% through changes in hardness from uptake of calcium, phosphate and fluoride. Material and method Class I cavities were prepared in 40 sound primary molars, and the sample was divided into two groups (n=20) according to dentin condition: sound (1) and demineralized (2). Sub-groups (n=10) were formed to investigate the isolated action of the GIC or the association with NaF (F). This in vitro study examined the chemical exchange under two conditions, sound and demineralized dentin (pH cycling), to simulate the occurrence of mineral loss for the caries lesion. G1 and G2 received GIC restoration only; groups G1F and G2F received NaF before GIC restoration. The specimens were prepared for Knoop hardness test and micro-Raman spectroscopy. A two-way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Micro-Raman data were qualitatively described. Result Increased hardness was observed in all the sites of direct contact with GIC in sound and demineralized dentin for all groups (p<0.001); no difference was observed in microhardness after application of NaF (p>0.05). In the evaluation of micro-Raman, direct contact between GIC and dentin for sound and demineralized dentin resulted in increased peaks of phosphate. Conclusion The exchange between GIC and demineralized dentin may induce changes of mechanical properties of the substrate, and uptake of mineral ions (phosphate) occurs without the influence of NaF.
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Influence of phosphoproteins’ biomimetic analogs on remineralization of mineral-depleted resin–dentin interfaces created with ion-releasing resin-based systems. Dent Mater 2015; 31:759-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang T, Yang S, Wang L, Feng H. Use of poly (amidoamine) dendrimer for dentinal tubule occlusion: a preliminary study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124735. [PMID: 25885090 PMCID: PMC4401684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The occlusion of dentinal tubules is an effective method to alleviate the symptoms caused by dentin hypersensitivity, a significant health problem in dentistry and daily life. The in situ mineralization within dentinal tubules is a promising treatment for dentin hypersensitivity as it induces the formation of mineral on the sensitive regions and occludes the dentinal tubules. This study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro effect of a whole generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer (G3.0) on dentinal tubule occlusion by inducing mineralization within dentinal tubules. Dentin discs were treated with PAMAM dendrimers using two methods, followed by the in vitro characterization using Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). These results showed that G3.0 PAMAM dendrimers coated on dentin surface and infiltrated in dentinal tubules could induce hydroxyapatite formation and resulted in effective dentinal tubule occlusion. Moreover, crosslinked PAMAM dendrimers could induce the remineralization of demineralized dentin and thus had the potential in dentinal tubule occlusion. In this in vitro study, dentinal tubules occlusion could be achieved by using PAMAM dendrimers. This could lead to the development of a new therapeutic technique for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianda Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Calcium silicate bioactive cements: Biological perspectives and clinical applications. Dent Mater 2015; 31:351-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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45
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Wang T, Yang S, Wang L, Feng H. Use of multifunctional phosphorylated PAMAM dendrimers for dentin biomimetic remineralization and dentinal tubule occlusion. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14744h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers can induce biomimetic remineralization of demineralized dentin as analogs of non-collagenous proteins in the presence of polyacrylic acid, an amorphous calcium phosphate stabilizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianda Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- China
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ATMEH A, CHONG E, RICHARD G, BOYDE A, FESTY F, WATSON T. Calcium silicate cement-induced remineralisation of totally demineralised dentine in comparison with glass ionomer cement: tetracycline labelling and two-photon fluorescence microscopy. J Microsc 2014; 257:151-60. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.R. ATMEH
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - E.Z. CHONG
- Biomaterials, Biomimetics and Biophotonics; King's College London Dental Institute; Guy's Hospital; London Bridge London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - G. RICHARD
- Septodont; Saint Maur des Fossés Cedex France
| | - A. BOYDE
- Hard Tissue Research Unit; Queen Mary, University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS U.K
| | - F. FESTY
- Biomaterials, Biomimetics and Biophotonics; King's College London Dental Institute; Guy's Hospital; London Bridge London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - T.F. WATSON
- Biomaterials, Biomimetics and Biophotonics; King's College London Dental Institute; Guy's Hospital; London Bridge London SE1 9RT U.K
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Niu LN, Zhang W, Pashley DH, Breschi L, Mao J, Chen JH, Tay FR. Biomimetic remineralization of dentin. Dent Mater 2013; 30:77-96. [PMID: 23927881 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Remineralization of demineralized dentin is important for improving dentin bonding stability and controlling primary and secondary caries. Nevertheless, conventional dentin remineralization strategy is not suitable for remineralizing completely demineralized dentin within hybrid layers created by etch-and-rinse and moderately aggressive self-etch adhesive systems, or the superficial part of a caries-affected dentin lesion left behind after minimally invasive caries removal. Biomimetic remineralization represents a different approach to this problem by attempting to backfill the demineralized dentin collagen with liquid-like amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursor particles that are stabilized by biomimetic analogs of noncollagenous proteins. METHODS This paper reviewed the changing concepts in calcium phosphate mineralization of fibrillar collagen, including the recently discovered, non-classical particle-based crystallization concept, formation of polymer-induced liquid-precursors (PILP), experimental collagen models for mineralization, and the need for using phosphate-containing biomimetic analogs for biomimetic mineralization of collagen. Published work on the remineralization of resin-dentin bonds and artificial caries-like lesions by various research groups was then reviewed. Finally, the problems and progress associated with the translation of a scientifically sound concept into a clinically applicable approach are discussed. RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE The particle-based biomimetic remineralization strategy based on the PILP process demonstrates great potential in remineralizing faulty hybrid layers or caries-like dentin. Based on this concept, research in the development of more clinically feasible dentin remineralization strategy, such as incorporating poly(anionic) acid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursor-containing mesoporous silica nanofillers in dentin adhesives, may provide a promising strategy for increasing of the durability of resin-dentin bonding and remineralizing caries-affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste and IGM-CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Banomyong D, Messer H. Two-year clinical study on postoperative pulpal complications arising from the absence of a glass-ionomer lining in deep occlusal resin-composite restorations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4:265-70. [PMID: 23355492 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2012.00160.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To observe the effects of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) lining on the risk of pulpal complications in deep occlusal cavities with resin-based restorations. METHODS Fifty-three patients, aged 18-30 years, who had one or two deep occlusal carious lesions (≥3 mm in depth) in molars, were recruited. Dental caries were removed, and the prepared cavity was restored with resin composite using one of two restorative procedures: (a) without GIC lining; and (b) with (resin-modified) GIC lining. Restored teeth were evaluated for any pulpal complications (subjective symptoms, objective signs or loss of tooth vitality) at 1 month (baseline), 1 year, and 2 years after restoration. RESULTS After excluding shallow cavities, 31 restorations without GIC lining, and 31 restorations with GIC lining, were placed and recalled at baseline without any pulpal complications. At the 1- and 2-year recalls, six patients who had restorations in group 1, and 13 in group 2, had dropped out. None of the remaining teeth in the two groups exhibited pulpal complications at either recall period, regardless of GIC lining placement. CONCLUSIONS The absence of GIC lining does not increase the risk of pulpal complications in deep occlusal cavities restored with resin-based restorations in either the short or long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuchit Banomyong
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Khoroushi M, Mousavinasab SM, Keshani F, Hashemi S. Effect of resin-modified glass ionomer containing bioactive glass on the flexural strength and morphology of demineralized dentin. Oper Dent 2012; 38:E1-10. [PMID: 23098663 DOI: 10.2341/11-325-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, bioactive materials have been incorporated into glass ionomer cements to promote the precipitation of calcium phosphates in surrounding tooth structures. This in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) containing bioactive glass (RMGI-BAG) on the flexural strength (FS) of demineralized dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 dentin bars (2×2×6 mm) were prepared from sound human third molars. Of these, 60 bars were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 96 hours. This produced dentin in two demineralization conditions (DC): untreated and demineralized. Each dentin bar was immersed for 14 days in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C. Three immersion conditions (IC) were investigated: IC1-SBF only; IC2-SBF + an RMGI bar; IC3-SBF + an RMGI-BAG bar. The combination of the DCs and ICs produced six groups (n=20). FS values of the specimens were measured using a three-point bending test. The microstructural changes and the elemental contents of dentin surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the effects of the two independent variables, ie, DC and IC, on mean flexural strength. Tukey multiple comparison tests and simple main effects models were used as needed. The significance level of all tests was set at α=0.05. RESULTS Both DC (p=0.001) and IC (p=0.049) significantly influenced FS (two-way ANOVA). The interaction between DC and IC did not significantly affect FS (p=0.36). For undemineralized dentin, IC did not affect the mean FS (simple main effects model; p=0.4). However, for demineralized dentin, IC significantly affected FS (small main effects model; p=0.008). The Tukey test showed that for demineralized dentin, the mean FS produced by immersion in SBF + RMGI-BAG was significantly stronger than that produced by either immersion in SBF only (p=0.011) or in SBF + RMGI (p=0.034). Scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analyses revealed more calcium and phosphate ions on the surface of dentin immersed in SBF + RMGI-BAG than on dentin immersed in SBF + RMGI. CONCLUSION Immersion in SBF + RMGI-BAG increased the FS of demineralized dentin more than immersion in SBF + RMGI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khoroushi
- Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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