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Scarano A, Khater AGA, Gehrke SA, Inchingolo F, Tari SR. Animal Models for Investigating Osseointegration: An Overview of Implant Research over the Last Three Decades. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:83. [PMID: 38667540 PMCID: PMC11051165 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental implants and bone augmentation are among dentistry's most prevalent surgical treatments; hence, many dental implant surfaces and bone grafts have been researched to improve bone response. Such new materials were radiologically, histologically, and histomorphometrically evaluated on animals before being used on humans. As a result, several studies used animals to evaluate novel implant technologies, biocompatibility, surgical techniques, and osseointegration strategies, as preclinical research on animal models is essential to evaluate bioactive principles (on cells, compounds, and implants) that can act through multiple mechanisms and to predict animal behavior, which is difficult to predict from in vitro studies alone. In this study, we critically reviewed all research on different animal models investigating the osseointegration degree of new implant surfaces, reporting different species used in the osseointegration research over the last 30 years. Moreover, this is the first study to summarize reviews on the main animal models used in the translational research of osseointegration, including the advantages and limitations of each model and determining the ideal location for investigating osseointegration in small and large animal models. Overall, each model has advantages and disadvantages; hence, animal selection should be based on the cost of acquisition, animal care, acceptability to society, availability, tolerance to captivity, and housing convenience. Among small animal models, rabbits are an ideal model for biological observations around implants, and it is worth noting that osseointegration was discovered in the rabbit model and successfully applied to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Ahmad G. A. Khater
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Egyptian Russian University (ERU), Badr City 11829, Egypt;
- Health Affairs Directorate, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Banisuif 62511, Egypt
| | | | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sergio Rexhep Tari
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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2
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Biguetti CC, Lakkasetter Chandrashekar B, Simionato GB, Momesso NR, Duarte MAH, Rodrigues DC, Matsumoto MA. Influence of age and gender on alveolar bone healing post tooth extraction in 129 Sv mice: a microtomographic, histological, and biochemical characterization. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:4605-4616. [PMID: 37261497 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the effect of biological sex and aging on craniofacial bone features in 129 Sv mice and their influence on dental socket healing post tooth extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 52 129 Sv mice were used, of which 28 were young (3-4 months) and 24 were aged (17-18 months), equally distributed according to biological sex. After an upper right incisor extraction, mice specimens were collected at 7, 14, and 21-days post-surgery for microtomographic (microCT) and comprehensive histological analysis. Mandible, skull bones, and maxillae at 21 days were analyzed by microCT, while blood plasma samples were collected for the detection of key bone turnover markers (P1NP and CTX-1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. RESULTS Aged females depicted significantly decreased mineralized bone content in alveolar sockets in comparison to young females and aged males at day 7, and aged males at day 14. Mandible RCA and Ma.AR of aged females were also significantly decreased in comparison with young females. Histological evaluation revealed that all alveolar sockets healed at 21 days with inflammation resolution and deposition of new bone. Immunohistochemistry for TRAP revealed increased area density for osteoclasts in alveolar sockets of aged females when compared to young females at 21 days. While a significant increase in CTX-1 levels was detected in blood plasma of aged females when compared to young females, P1NP levels did not significantly change between young and older females. No significant changes were observed for males. CONCLUSIONS Age and gender can significantly affect craniofacial bones of 129 Sv mice, especially maxilla and mandible in females. Considering the altered bone resorption parameters and delayed alveolar bone healing in older females, careful deliberation is necessary during development of pre-clinical models for craniofacial research. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Aging can be a contributing factor to slower bone healing in craniofacial bones. However, there are no sufficient experimental studies that have addressed this phenomenon along with biological sex taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cristina Biguetti
- Department of Surgery and Biomechanics, School of Podiatric Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA.
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | | | - Gustavo Baroni Simionato
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Nataira Regina Momesso
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dental Materials and Endodontics, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariza Akemi Matsumoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Araçatuba, Brazil
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3
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Wang Y, Cao X, Shen Y, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Xu C. Initial Development of an Immediate Implantation Model in Rats and Assessing the Prognostic Impact of Periodontitis on Immediate Implantation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:896. [PMID: 37627781 PMCID: PMC10451242 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish an immediate implantation rat model and to evaluate the effects of pre-existing periodontitis and two different socket rinse solutions on immediate implantation prognosis. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups before immediate implantation, including the control group, the group with experimentally induced periodontitis (EP), in which rats have been experimentally induced periodontitis before implantation, and the group with induced periodontitis and with extraction sockets rinsed with three percent H2O2 (EP-H2O2), in which rats have been induced periodontitis before implantation, and extraction sockets were rinsed with three percent H2O2. Periodontitis was induced by ligating the thread around the molars for four weeks. Six weeks after titanium alloy implants were self-tapped and left to heal transmucosally, maxillae were dissected after the clinical examination to perform micro-CT and histological analysis. RESULTS An immediate implantation model was successfully built in rats. There was no significant difference in implant survival rates between the EP and control groups. However, the clinical examination results, micro-CT analysis, and histological analysis in EP and EP-H2O2 groups showed a significantly worse prognosis than in the control group. Three percent H2O2 showed a similar effect with saline. CONCLUSION This study presented a protocol for establishing a rat immediate implantation model and showed that periodontitis history might negatively affect the prognosis of immediate implantation. These findings urge caution and alternative strategies for patients with periodontal disease history, enhancing the long-term success of immediate implantation in dental practice. Additionally, the comparable outcomes between 3% H2O2 and saline suggest the use of saline as a cost-effective and safer alternative for implant site preparation in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ximeng Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yingyi Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shaohai Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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Moradi Haghgoo J, Khoshhal M, Sharifi S, Khodadadi I, Ghadidmi Pour H, Seif Rabie MA, Rabienejad N. Determination of Osteoblast Cell Viability and Histological Changes of Samples Obtained from Different Implant Drills during Osteotomy. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2023; 24:220-225. [PMID: 37388200 PMCID: PMC10300142 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2022.91439.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem The bone particles collected during osteotomy could be used as autogenous bone graft materials for dental implant surgery. Different factors such as drill design may influence its clinical viability. Purpose This study examined the effect of drill design on the osteoblast viability and histopathology parameters of bone collected during the preparation of dental implant site. Materials and Method In this experimental study, 90 samples were obtained from three different bone drilling systems including Bego, Implantium, and Dio during fixture installation in patients requiring treatment at the Department of Periodontology, Dentistry University Hamedan. The MTT (3-4,5-Dimethylthiazol2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was used to determine percentage of cell viability. Samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde for histological evaluation. Then, they were kept in 10% EDTA solution for 4 weeks for decalcification. The provided slides were evaluated regarding bone structure and osteocytes counts for assessment of viability. Tukey test and SPPS 21 software were used for statistical analysis. Results The result showed the viability of osteoblast obtained by Dio (0.45±0.04) was significantly better than Bego (0.37±0.05) and Implantium (0.37±0.04) systems. In histopathological evaluation, the grafting material obtained by Dio presented the best osteoblast morphology. Conclusion It might be concluded that drill geometry has significantly influenced the viability of bone particles collected during the preparation of implant sites .Moreover, characteristic geometry alone cannot represent the performance of a particular drill, and several geometric features should be concerned. The results of this study showed that the geometry of the Dio drill was the best considering the viability and histopathological evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Moradi Haghgoo
- Dept. of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | | | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Seif Rabie
- Dept. of Sociable Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nazli Rabienejad
- Dept. of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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5
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Canullo L, Iacono R, Pires Godoy E, Punzo A, Cavicchia A, Gianfreda F, Bollero P. Hybrid Funnel Technique: A Novel Approach for Implant Site Preparation: A Pilot Study. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10090157. [PMID: 36135152 PMCID: PMC9497956 DOI: 10.3390/dj10090157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Different techniques and tools have been developed for implant site preparation. In this clinical scenario, Hybrid Funnel Technique (HFT), a novel osteotomy procedure, has been proposed. (2) Aim: The aim of this retrospective observational study was to consider the different responses to compression of the histological bony compartments (cancellus and cortical). HFT involves the use of multiple drills for the cortical layer preparation and of an osteotome for the osteocompaction of the cancellous bone. (3) Materials and Methods: Following computer-supported implant planning and guided surgery, 10 osteotomies with HFT were performed and 10 implants with the same length and diameter were placed in seven healthy and no daily smoking patients. Periapical X-ray and intraoral photographs were performed at baseline and after 12 months of follow-up to evaluate marginal bone level (MBL) changes and aesthetic results obtained from implant prosthetic rehabilitation. (4) Results: At 1 year of follow-up, 100% of the implants were successfully integrated, MBL change mean value was 0.17 mm ± 0.21. No differences in terms of MBL were noted between thin and thick biotypes. Pink esthetic score (PES) and white esthetic score (WES), assessed one year after definitive restoration placement, were 7.5 ± 2.3 and 8.5 ± 1.1, respectively. (5) Conclusions: Based on the findings of this preliminary clinical study, HFT has led to stability of peri-implant tissues and could represent a reliable technique for surgical preparation of the implant site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Canullo
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Iacono
- F.A.S Screening for Prevention and Oral Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Eduardo Pires Godoy
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil
| | | | - Alessio Cavicchia
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrizio Bollero
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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6
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Vrielinck L, Moreno‐Rabie C, Schepers S, Van Eyken P, Coucke W, Politis C. Peri‐zygomatic Infection Associated to Zygomatic Implants: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:405-412. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Vrielinck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Saint John´s Hospital Genk Belgium
| | - Catalina Moreno‐Rabie
- OMFS‐IMPATH Research Group Department of Imaging and Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Serge Schepers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Saint John´s Hospital Genk Belgium
| | | | - Wim Coucke
- Certified Freelance Statistician Heverlee Belgium
| | - Constantinus Politis
- OMFS‐IMPATH Research Group Department of Imaging and Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium
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7
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Kotsakis GA, Romanos GE. Biological mechanisms underlying complications related to implant site preparation. Periodontol 2000 2022; 88:52-63. [PMID: 35103318 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Implant site preparation is a critical stage of implant surgery that may underpin various complications related to implant surgery. This review discusses the latest available scientific information on risk factors related to implant site preparation. The role of the drilling process in relation to the density of the available alveolar bone, the effects of insertion torque on peri-implant osseous healing, and implant-related variables such as macrodesign and implant-abutment connection are all factors that can influence implant success. Novel information that links osteotomy characteristics (including methods to improve implant initial stability, the impact of drilling speed, and increase of the implant insertion torque modifying the bone-implant interface) with the appropriate instrumentation techniques will be discussed, as well as interactions at the bone-biomaterial interface that may lead to biologic complications mediated by implant dissolution products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Dental School, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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8
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He Q, Mu Z, Shrestha A, Wang C, Wang S, Tang H, Li Y, Song J, Ji P, Huang Y, Chen T. Development of a rat model for type 2 diabetes mellitus peri-implantitis: A preliminary study. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1936-1946. [PMID: 33715257 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an in vivo model to simulate the complex internal environment of diabetic peri-implantitis (T2DM-PI) model for a better understanding of peri-implantitis in type 2 diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Maxillary first molars were extracted in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and customized cone-shaped titanium implants were installed in the extraction sites. Thereafter, implants were uncovered and customized abutments were screwed into implants. A high-fat diet and a low-dose injection of streptozotocin were utilized to induce T2DM. Finally, LPS was locally injected in implant sulcus to induce peri-implantitis. RESULTS In the present study, T2DM-PI model has been successfully established. Imaging analysis revealed that abundant inflammatory cells infiltrated in the soft tissue in T2DM-PI group with concomitant excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, higher expression of MMP and increased number of osteoclasts led to collagen disintegration and bone resorption in T2DM-PI group. CONCLUSIONS These results describe a novel rat model which stimulate T2DM-PI in vivo, characterized by overwhelming inflammatory response and bone resorption. This model has a potential to be used for investigation of initiation, progression and interventional therapy of T2DM-PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing He
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhixiang Mu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.,Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Annie Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chao Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Tang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihan Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanding Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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9
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Bahraminasab M, Arab S, Safari M, Talebi A, Kavakebian F, Doostmohammadi N. In vivo performance of Al 2O 3-Ti bone implants in the rat femur. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:79. [PMID: 33482866 PMCID: PMC7821505 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alumina-titanium (Al2O3-Ti) biocomposites have been recently developed with improved mechanical properties for use in heavily loaded orthopedic sites. Their biological performance, however, has not been investigated yet. Methods The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo biological interaction of Al2O3-Ti. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to fabricate Al2O3-Ti composites with 25 vol.%, 50 vol.%, and 75 vol.% Ti content. Pure alumina and titanium were also fabricated by the same procedure for comparison. The fabricated composite disks were cut into small bars and implanted into medullary canals of rat femurs. The histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation were carried out to determine the bone formation ability of these materials and to evaluate the bone-implant interfaces. Results The histological observation showed the formation of osteoblast, osteocytes with lacuna, bone with lamellar structures, and blood vessels indicating that the healing and remodeling of the bone, and vasculature reconstruction occurred after 4 and 8 weeks of implantation. However, superior bone formation and maturation were obtained after 8 weeks. SEM images also showed stronger interfaces at week 8. There were differences between the composites in percentages of bone area (TB%) and the number of osteocytes. The 50Ti composite showed higher TB% at week 4, while 25Ti and 75Ti represented higher TB% at week 8. All the composites showed a higher number of osteocytes compared to 100Ti, particularly 75Ti. Conclusions The fabricated composites have the potential to be used in load-bearing orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Bahraminasab
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Arab
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Safari
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Athar Talebi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kavakebian
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nesa Doostmohammadi
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
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10
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Steiner C, Karl M, Laschke MW, Schupbach P, Venturato A, Gasser A. Comparison of extraction sites versus artificial defects with xenogenic bone substitute in minipigs. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:490-501. [PMID: 33398935 PMCID: PMC8404495 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The preclinical evaluation of bone substitutes is frequently performed in artificially created defects. However, such defects do not reflect the predominant clinical application of bone substitutes for socket preservation. Hence, the goal of this animal study was to compare the performance of a xenogenic bone substitute in extraction sites versus artificial defects. Material and Methods Four study sites each were created in the mandibles of four minipigs in the region of the third premolars and first molars, respectively. On one side, fresh extraction sockets were established while contralaterally trephine defects were created in healed alveolar bone. All sites were augmented using a particulate xenogenic bone substitute, covered by resorbable membranes and allowed to heal for 12 weeks. The amounts of new bone, non‐bone tissue and remaining bone substitute granules were quantified through histological and micro‐CT analysis. Comparative statistics were based on t‐tests for two samples and ANOVA with the level of significance set at α = 0.05. Results Histomorphometric data from only two animals could be quantitatively analyzed due to difficulty with identifying the surgical sites. The percentage of newly formed bone ranged between 53.2% ± 5.6% for artificial defects and 54.9% ± 12.4% for extraction sites. With the exception of ANOVA indicating a greater amount of non‐bone tissue in extraction sites as compared to artificial sites (p = 0.047), no statistically significant differences were observed. Micro‐CT scans showed patterns similar to the ones observed in histomorphometry. As extraction sites could be identified only in two micro‐CT reconstructions, quantitative assessment was not undertaken. Conclusions Despite the comparable performance of bone substitute material in artificial defects and extraction sites found here, the data gathered with this experiment was insufficient for showing equivalence of both approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Karl
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schupbach
- Laboratory for Histology, Electron Microscopy and Imaging, Schupbach Ltd., Thalwil, Switzerland
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11
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Coyac BR, Salvi G, Leahy B, Li Z, Salmon B, Hoffmann W, Helms JA. A novel system exploits bone debris for implant osseointegration. J Periodontol 2020; 92:716-726. [PMID: 32829495 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone debris generated during site preparation is generally evacuated with irrigation; here, we evaluated whether retention of this autologous material improved the rate of peri-implant bone formation. METHODS In 25 rats, a miniature implant system composed of an osseo-shaping tool and a tri-oval-shaped implant was compared against a conventional drill and round implant system. A split-mouth design was used, and fresh extraction sockets served as implant sites. Histology/histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and microcomputed tomography (μCT) imaging were performed immediately after implant placement, and on post-surgery days 3, 7, 14, and 28. RESULTS Compared with a conventional drill design, the osseo-shaping tool produced a textured osteotomy surface and viable bone debris that was retained in the peri-implant environment. Proliferating osteoprogenitor cells, identified by PCNA and Runx2 expression, contributed to faster peri-implant bone formation. Although all implants osseointegrated, sites prepared with the osseo-shaping tool showed evidence of new peri-implant bone sooner than controls. CONCLUSION Bone debris produced by an osseo-shaping tool directly contributed to faster peri-implant bone formation and implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Coyac
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Salvi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Brian Leahy
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Zhijun Li
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Dental Medicine Department, Bretonneau Hospital, Montrouge, France, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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12
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Pilawski I, Tulu US, Ticha P, Schüpbach P, Traxler H, Xu Q, Pan J, Coyac BR, Yuan X, Tian Y, Liu Y, Chen J, Erdogan Y, Arioka M, Armaro M, Wu M, Brunski JB, Helms JA. Interspecies Comparison of Alveolar Bone Biology, Part I: Morphology and Physiology of Pristine Bone. JDR Clin Trans Res 2020; 6:352-360. [PMID: 32660303 DOI: 10.1177/2380084420936979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few interspecies comparisons of alveolar bone have been documented, and this knowledge gap raises questions about which animal models most accurately represent human dental conditions or responses to surgical interventions. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to employ state-of-the-art quantitative metrics to directly assess and compare the structural and functional characteristics of alveolar bone among humans, mini pigs, rats, and mice. METHODS The same anatomic location (i.e., the posterior maxillae) was analyzed in all species via micro-computed tomographic imaging, followed by quantitative analyses, coupled with histology and immunohistochemistry. Bone remodeling was evaluated with alkaline phosphatase activity and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining to identify osteoblast and osteoclast activities. In vivo fluorochrome labeling was used as a means to assess mineral apposition rates. RESULTS Collectively, these analyses demonstrated that bone volume differed among the species, while bone mineral density was equal. All species showed a similar density of alveolar osteocytes, with a highly conserved pattern of collagen organization. Collagen maturation was equal among mouse, rat, and mini pig. Bone remodeling was a shared feature among the species, with morphologically indistinguishable hemiosteonal appearances, osteocytic perilacunar remodeling, and similar mineral apposition rates in alveolar bone. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses demonstrated equivalencies among the 4 species in a plurality of the biological features of alveolar bone. Despite contradictory results from older studies, we found no evidence for the superiority of pig models over rodent models in representing human bone biology. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Animal models are extensively used to evaluate bone tissue engineering strategies, yet there are few state-of-the-art studies that rigorously compare and quantify the factors influencing selection of a given animal model. Consequently, there is an urgent need to assess preclinical animal models for their predictive value to dental research. Our article addresses this knowledge gap and, in doing so, provides a foundation for more effective standardization among animal models commonly used in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Pilawski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - U S Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P Ticha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P Schüpbach
- Schupbach Ltd, Service and Research Laboratory, Thalwil, Switzerland
| | - H Traxler
- Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Q Xu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J Pan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - B R Coyac
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - X Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Y Erdogan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Arioka
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Armaro
- Nobel Biocare Services AG, Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland
| | - M Wu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J B Brunski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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13
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Coyac BR, Leahy B, Salvi G, Hoffmann W, Brunski JB, Helms JA. A preclinical model links osseo‐densification due to misfit and osseo‐destruction due to stress/strain. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 30:1238-1249. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Coyac
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Brian Leahy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Giuseppe Salvi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA
| | | | - John B. Brunski
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Jill A. Helms
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA
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14
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Giannobile WV, Berglundh T, Al-Nawas B, Araujo M, Bartold PM, Bouchard P, Chapple I, Gruber R, Lundberg P, Sculean A, Lang NP, Lyngstadaas P, Kebschull M, Galindo-Moreno P, Schwartz Z, Shapira L, Stavropoulos A, Reseland J. Biological factors involved in alveolar bone regeneration: Consensus report of Working Group 1 of the 15 th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46 Suppl 21:6-11. [PMID: 31215113 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To describe the biology of alveolar bone regeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four comprehensive reviews were performed on (a) mesenchymal cells and differentiation factors leading to bone formation; (b) the critical interplay between bone resorbing and formative cells; (c) the role of osteoimmunology in the formation and maintenance of alveolar bone; and (d) the self-regenerative capacity following bone injury or tooth extraction were prepared prior to the workshop. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This summary information adds to the fuller understanding of the alveolar bone regenerative response with implications to reconstructive procedures for patient oral rehabilitation. The group collectively formulated and addressed critical questions based on each of the reviews in this consensus report to advance the field. The report concludes with identified areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- William V Giannobile
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tord Berglundh
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, J. Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - P Mark Bartold
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Iain Chapple
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Odontology, Division of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Moritz Kebschull
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Lior Shapira
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Chen CH, Coyac BR, Arioka M, Leahy B, Tulu US, Aghvami M, Holst S, Hoffmann W, Quarry A, Bahat O, Salmon B, Brunski JB, Helms JA. A Novel Osteotomy Preparation Technique to Preserve Implant Site Viability and Enhance Osteogenesis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020170. [PMID: 30717291 PMCID: PMC6406409 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of bone viability at an osteotomy site is a critical variable for subsequent implant osseointegration. Recent biomechanical studies evaluating the consequences of site preparation led us to rethink the design of bone-cutting drills, especially those intended for implant site preparation. We present here a novel drill design that is designed to efficiently cut bone at a very low rotational velocity, obviating the need for irrigation as a coolant. The low-speed cutting produces little heat and, consequently, osteocyte viability is maintained. The lack of irrigation, coupled with the unique design of the cutting flutes, channels into the osteotomy autologous bone chips and osseous coagulum that have inherent osteogenic potential. Collectively, these features result in robust, new bone formation at rates significantly faster than those observed with conventional drilling protocols. These preclinical data have practical implications for the clinical preparation of osteotomies and alveolar bone reconstructive surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Craniofacial Research Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Benjamin R Coyac
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Masaki Arioka
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Brian Leahy
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - U Serdar Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Maziar Aghvami
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Stefan Holst
- Nobel Biocare Services AG P.O. Box, CH-8058 Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland.
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Waldemar Hoffmann
- Nobel Biocare Services AG P.O. Box, CH-8058 Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland.
| | - Antony Quarry
- Nobel Biocare Services AG P.O. Box, CH-8058 Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland.
| | - Oded Bahat
- Private Practice, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, USA.
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, EA2496, Montrouge, France.
- Dental Medicine Department, Bretonneau Hospital, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris 75018, France.
| | - John B Brunski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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16
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Arioka M, Zhang X, Li Z, Tulu US, Liu Y, Wang L, Yuan X, Helms JA. Osteoporotic Changes in the Periodontium Impair Alveolar Bone Healing. J Dent Res 2019; 98:450-458. [PMID: 30626268 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518818456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is associated with decreased bone density and increased bone fragility, but how this disease affects alveolar bone healing is not clear. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which osteoporosis affects the jaw skeleton and then to evaluate possible mechanisms whereby an osteoporotic phenotype might affect the rate of alveolar bone healing following tooth extraction. Using an ovariectomized mouse model coupled with micro-computed tomographic imaging, histologic, molecular, and cellular assays, we first demonstrated that the appendicular and jaw skeletons both develop osteoporotic phenotypes. Next, we demonstrated that osteoporotic mice exhibit atrophy of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and that this atrophy was accompanied by a reduction in the pool of osteoprogenitor cells in the PDL. The paucity of PDL-derived osteoprogenitor cells in osteoporotic mice was associated with significantly slower extraction socket healing. Collectively, these analyses demonstrate that the jaw skeleton is susceptible to the untoward effects of osteoporosis that manifest as thinner, more porous alveolar bone, PDL thinning, and slower bone repair. These findings have potential clinical significance for older osteopenic patients undergoing reconstructive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arioka
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - X Zhang
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,3 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z Li
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,4 Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - U S Tulu
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Y Liu
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,3 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Wang
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Yuan
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J A Helms
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Wang S, Ogawa T, Zheng S, Miyashita M, Tenkumo T, Gu Z, Lian W, Sasaki K. The effect of low-magnitude high-frequency loading on peri-implant bone healing and implant osseointegration in Beagle dogs. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 62:497-502. [PMID: 30139715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) loading plays an important role in bone healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of LMHF loading applied directly to titanium dental implants on peri-implant bone healing and implant osseointegration. METHODS The mandibular premolars and molars were extracted from six male Beagle dogs. Three months post-extraction, each of the six dogs had three titanium implants (Aadva Standard Implant Narrow, Φ3.3×8mm) inserted into the mandibular premolar and molar area (three implants per side). In each animal, one side was randomly selected to undergo daily LMHF loading (treatment group), while the other side had no further intervention (control). The loading was applied directly to the implant abutment using an individual jig and a custom-made loading device (8μm, 100Hz). The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was tested every week. Three dogs were euthanized after 2 weeks, and three were euthanized after 8 weeks. Tissue samples were fixed and stained for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric analyses. Data were analyzed statistically, with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS The treatment group had significantly increased peri-implant bone volume relative to tissue volume in region of interest 2 (100-500μm) compared with the control group after 2 weeks of loading (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between groups after 8 weeks. The ISQ value and the micro-CT results did not differ between groups during the study period. CONCLUSIONS LMHF loading positively influenced peri-implant bone healing in the early healing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Wang
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan; School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Toru Ogawa
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan; School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Makiko Miyashita
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taichi Tenkumo
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Zhiyuan Gu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhai Lian
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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18
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Abstract
In lamellar bone, a network of highly oriented interconnected osteocytes is organized in concentric layers. Through their cellular processes contained within canaliculi, osteocytes are highly mechanosensitive and locally modulate bone remodeling. We review the recent developments demonstrating the significance of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network in bone maintenance around implant biomaterials. Drilling during implant site preparation triggers osteocyte apoptosis, the magnitude of which correlates with drilling speed and heat generation, resulting in extensive remodeling and delayed healing. In peri-implant bone, osteocytes physically communicate with implant surfaces via canaliculi and are responsive to mechanical loading, leading to changes in osteocyte numbers and morphology. Certain implant design features allow peri-implant osteocytes to retain a less aged phenotype, despite highly advanced extracellular matrix maturation. Physicochemical properties of anodically oxidized surfaces stimulate bone formation and remodeling by regulating the expression of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand), RANK, and OPG (osteoprotegerin) from implant-adherent cells. Modulation of certain osteocyte-related molecular signaling mechanisms (e.g., sclerostin blockade) may enhance the biomechanical anchorage of implants. Evaluation of the peri-implant osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network should therefore be a necessary component in future investigations of osseointegration to more completely characterize the biological response to materials for load-bearing applications in dentistry and orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Shah
- 1 Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - P Thomsen
- 1 Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - A Palmquist
- 1 Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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19
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Chen CH, Wang L, Serdar Tulu U, Arioka M, Moghim MM, Salmon B, Chen CT, Hoffmann W, Gilgenbach J, Brunski JB, Helms JA. An osteopenic/osteoporotic phenotype delays alveolar bone repair. Bone 2018; 112:212-219. [PMID: 29704698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a function decline in tissue homeostasis and tissue repair. Aging is also associated with an increased incidence in osteopenia and osteoporosis, but whether these low bone mass diseases are a risk factor for delayed bone healing still remains controversial. Addressing this question is of direct clinical relevance for dental patients, since most implants are performed in older patients who are at risk of developing low bone mass conditions. The objective of this study was to assess how an osteopenic/osteoporotic phenotype affected the rate of new alveolar bone formation. Using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, the rates of tooth extraction socket and osteotomy healing were compared with age-matched controls. Imaging, along with molecular, cellular, and histologic analyses, demonstrated that OVX produced an overt osteoporotic phenotype in long bones, but only a subtle phenotype in alveolar bone. Nonetheless, the OVX group demonstrated significantly slower alveolar bone healing in both the extraction socket, and in the osteotomy produced in a healed extraction site. Most notably, osteotomy site preparation created a dramatically wider zone of dying and dead osteocytes in the OVX group, which was coupled with more extensive bone remodeling and a delay in the differentiation of osteoblasts. Collectively, these analyses demonstrate that the emergence of an osteoporotic phenotype delays new alveolar bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Chen
- Craniofacial Research Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liao Wang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - U Serdar Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Masaki Arioka
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Melika Maghazeh Moghim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; University College London Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paris Descartes University - Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 2496 - Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies Lab and Dental Medicine Department, Bretonneau Hospital, HUPNVS, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Chien-Tzung Chen
- Craniofacial Research Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Waldemar Hoffmann
- Nobel Biocare Services AG P.O. Box, CH-8058 Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Gilgenbach
- Nobel Biocare Services AG P.O. Box, CH-8058 Zürich-Flughafen, Switzerland
| | - John B Brunski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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20
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Yuan X, Pei X, Zhao Y, Li Z, Chen CH, Tulu US, Liu B, Van Brunt LA, Brunski JB, Helms JA. Biomechanics of Immediate Postextraction Implant Osseointegration. J Dent Res 2018; 97:987-994. [PMID: 29608868 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518765757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to gain insights into the biology and mechanics of immediate postextraction implant osseointegration. To mimic clinical practice, murine first molar extraction was followed by osteotomy site preparation, specifically in the palatal root socket. The osteotomy was positioned such that it removed periodontal ligament (PDL) only on the palatal aspect of the socket, leaving the buccal aspect undisturbed. This strategy created 2 distinct peri-implant environments: on the palatal aspect, the implant was in direct contact with bone, while on the buccal aspect, a PDL-filled gap existed between the implant and bone. Finite element modeling showed high strains on the palatal aspect, where bone was compressed by the implant. Osteocyte death and bone resorption predominated on the palatal aspect, leading to the loss of peri-implant bone. On the buccal aspect, where finite element modeling revealed low strains, there was minimal osteocyte death and robust peri-implant bone formation. Initially, the buccal aspect was filled with PDL remnants, which we found directly provided Wnt-responsive cells that were responsible for new bone formation and osseointegration. On the palatal aspect, which was devoid of PDL and Wnt-responsive cells, adding exogenous liposomal WNT3A created an osteogenic environment for rapid peri-implant bone formation. Thus, we conclude that low strain and high Wnt signaling favor osseointegration of immediate postextraction implants. The PDL harbors Wnt-responsive cells that are inherently osteogenic, and if the PDL tissue is healthy, it is reasonable to preserve this tissue during immediate implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yuan
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - X Pei
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Mainland China
| | - Y Zhao
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Basic Science, School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Mainland China
| | - Z Li
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,4 Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, Mainland China
| | - C H Chen
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,5 Craniofacial Research Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - U S Tulu
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - B Liu
- 6 Ankasa Regenerative Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - L A Van Brunt
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J B Brunski
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J A Helms
- 1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,6 Ankasa Regenerative Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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