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Eldeeb D, Ikeda Y, Hojo H, Ohba S. Unraveling the hidden complexity: Exploring dental tissues through single-cell transcriptional profiling. Regen Ther 2024; 27:218-229. [PMID: 38596822 PMCID: PMC11002530 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the composition and function of cells constituting tissues and organs is vital for unraveling biological processes. Single-cell analysis has allowed us to move beyond traditional methods of categorizing cell types. This innovative technology allows the transcriptional and epigenetic profiling of numerous individual cells, leading to significant insights into the development, homeostasis, and pathology of various organs and tissues in both animal models and human samples. In this review, we delve into the outcomes of major investigations using single-cell transcriptomics to decipher the cellular composition of mammalian teeth and periodontal tissues. The recent single-cell transcriptome-based studies have traced in detail the dental epithelium-ameloblast lineage and dental mesenchyme lineages in the mouse incisors and the tooth germ of both mice and humans; unraveled the microenvironment, the identity of niche cells, and cellular intricacies in the dental pulp; shed light on the molecular mechanisms orchestrating root formation; and characterized cellular dynamics of the periodontal ligament. Additionally, cellular components in dental pulps were compared between healthy and carious teeth at a single-cell level. Each section of this review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of tooth biology, offering valuable insights into developmental processes, niche cell identification, and the molecular secrets of the dental environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia Eldeeb
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
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Yang D, Jeong Y, Ortinau L, Solidum J, Park D. Mx1 -labeled pulp progenitor cells are main contributors to postnatal odontoblasts and pulp cells in murine molars. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586156. [PMID: 38585950 PMCID: PMC10996506 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration of dentin and odontoblasts from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is essential for permanent tooth maintenance. However, the in vivo identity and role of endogenous DPSCs in reparative dentinogenesis are elusive. Here, using pulp single-cell analysis before and after molar eruption, we revealed that endogenous DPSCs are enriched in Cxcl12- GFP + coronal papilla-like cells with Mx1- Cre labeling. These Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + cells are long-term repopulating cells that contribute to the majority of pulp cells and new odontoblasts after eruption. Upon molar injury, Mx1 + DPSCs localize into the injury site and differentiate into new odontoblasts, forming scleraxis -GFP + and osteocalcin -GFP + dentinal tubules and reparative dentin. Single-cell and FACS analysis showed that Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + DPSCs are the most primitive cells with stem cell marker expression and odontoblast differentiation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Mx1 labels postnatal DSPCs, which are the main source of pulp cells and new odontoblasts with reparative dentinogenesis in vivo .
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Zhang D, Lin W, Jiang S, Deng P, Liu L, Wang Q, Sheng R, Shu HS, Wang L, Zou W, Zhou BO, Jing J, Ye L, Yu B, Zhang S, Yuan Q. Lepr-Expressing PDLSCs Contribute to Periodontal Homeostasis and Respond to Mechanical Force by Piezo1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303291. [PMID: 37553778 PMCID: PMC10582421 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Periodontium supports teeth in a mechanically stimulated tissue environment, where heterogenous stem/progenitor populations contribute to periodontal homeostasis. In this study, Leptin receptor+ (Lepr+) cells are identified as a distinct periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) population by single-cell RNA sequencing and lineage tracing. These Lepr+ PDLSCs are located in the peri-vascular niche, possessing multilineage potential and contributing to tissue repair in response to injury. Ablation of Lepr+ PDLSCs disrupts periodontal homeostasis. Hyper-loading and unloading of occlusal forces modulate Lepr+ PDLSCs activation. Piezo1 is demonstrated that mediates the mechanosensing of Lepr+ PDLSCs by conditional Piezo1-deficient mice. Meanwhile, Yoda1, a selective activator of Piezo1, significantly accelerates periodontal tissue growth via the induction of Lepr+ cells. In summary, Lepr marks a unique multipotent PDLSC population in vivo, to contribute toward periodontal homeostasis via Piezo1-mediated mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Weimin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Peng Deng
- Division of Oral and Systemic Health SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Linfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Rui Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hui Sophie Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on ExtremitiesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
- Institute of Microsurgery on ExtremitiesShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233China
| | - Bo O. Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesTianjin300020China
| | - Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Bo Yu
- Division of Preventive and Restorative SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Department of Oral ImplantologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Department of Oral ImplantologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Zhao WM, Xuan K, Li B, Jin Y. Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1899-1964. [PMID: 36656056 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Abstract
The tissue-resident skeletal stem cells (SSCs), which are self-renewal and multipotent, continuously provide cells (including chondrocytes, bone cells, marrow adipocytes, and stromal cells) for the development and homeostasis of the skeletal system. In recent decade, utilizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting, lineage tracing, and single-cell sequencing, studies have identified various types of SSCs, plotted the lineage commitment trajectory, and partially revealed their properties under physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we retrospect to SSCs identification and functional studies. We discuss the principles and approaches to identify bona fide SSCs, highlighting pioneering findings that plot the lineage atlas of SSCs. The roles of SSCs and progenitors in long bone, craniofacial tissues, and periosteum are systematically discussed. We further focus on disputes and challenges in SSC research.
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Iwayama T, Iwashita M, Miyashita K, Sakashita H, Matsumoto S, Tomita K, Bhongsatiern P, Kitayama T, Ikegami K, Shimbo T, Tamai K, Murayama MA, Ogawa S, Iwakura Y, Yamada S, Olson LE, Takedachi M, Murakami S. Plap-1 lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics reveal cellular dynamics in the periodontal ligament. Development 2022; 149:277273. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.201203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Periodontal tissue supports teeth in the alveolar bone socket via fibrous attachment of the periodontal ligament (PDL). The PDL contains periodontal fibroblasts and stem/progenitor cells, collectively known as PDL cells (PDLCs), on top of osteoblasts and cementoblasts on the surface of alveolar bone and cementum, respectively. However, the characteristics and lineage hierarchy of each cell type remain poorly defined. This study identified periodontal ligament associated protein-1 (Plap-1) as a PDL-specific extracellular matrix protein. We generated knock-in mice expressing CreERT2 and GFP specifically in Plap-1-positive PDLCs. Genetic lineage tracing confirmed the long-standing hypothesis that PDLCs differentiate into osteoblasts and cementoblasts. A PDL single-cell atlas defined cementoblasts and osteoblasts as Plap-1−Ibsp+Sparcl1+ and Plap-1−Ibsp+Col11a2+, respectively. Other populations, such as Nes+ mural cells, S100B+ Schwann cells, and other non-stromal cells, were also identified. RNA velocity analysis suggested that a Plap-1highLy6a+ cell population was the source of PDLCs. Lineage tracing of Plap-1+ PDLCs during periodontal injury showed periodontal tissue regeneration by PDLCs. Our study defines diverse cell populations in PDL and clarifies the role of PDLCs in periodontal tissue homeostasis and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Iwayama
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Mizuho Iwashita
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | | | - Hiromi Sakashita
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- StemRIM Institute of Regeneration-Inducing Medicine, Osaka University 3 , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Shuji Matsumoto
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Kiwako Tomita
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Phan Bhongsatiern
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Tomomi Kitayama
- StemRIM Inc. 2 , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085 , Japan
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 4 Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science , , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | | | - Takashi Shimbo
- StemRIM Institute of Regeneration-Inducing Medicine, Osaka University 3 , Suita 565-0871 , Japan
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 4 Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science , , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Katsuto Tamai
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 4 Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science , , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Masanori A. Murayama
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science 5 , Noda, Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Shuhei Ogawa
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science 5 , Noda, Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science 5 , Noda, Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry 6 Department of Periodontology and Endodontology , , Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 , Japan
| | - Lorin E. Olson
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation 7 , Oklahoma City, OK 73104 , USA
| | - Masahide Takedachi
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry 1 Department of Periodontology , , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
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