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Regard L, Martin C, Teillaud JL, Lafoeste H, Vicaire H, Ladjemi MZ, Ollame-Omvane E, Sibéril S, Burgel PR. Effective control of Staphylococcus aureus lung infection despite tertiary lymphoid structure disorganisation. Eur Respir J 2021; 57:13993003.00768-2020. [PMID: 33093122 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00768-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are triggered by persistent bronchopulmonary infection with Staphylococcus aureus, but their roles remain elusive. The present study sought to examine the effects of B- and/or T-cell depletion on S. aureus infection and TLS development (lymphoid neogenesis) in mice. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were pre-treated with 1) an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (B-cell depletion) or 2) an anti-CD4 and/or an anti-CD8 mAb (T-cell depletion) or 3) a combination of anti-CD20, anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs (combined B- and T-cell depletion) or 4) isotype control mAbs. After lymphocyte depletion, mice were infected by intratracheal instillation of agarose beads containing S. aureus (106 CFU per mouse). 14 days later, bacterial load and lung inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed by cultures and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS 14 days after S. aureus-bead instillation, lung bacterial load was comparable between control and lymphocyte-depleted mice. While TLS were observed in the lungs of infected mice pre-treated with control mAbs, these structures were disorganised or abolished in the lungs of lymphocyte-depleted mice. The absence of CD20+ B-lymphocytes had no effect on CD3+ T-lymphocyte infiltration, whereas CD4+/CD8+ T-cell depletion markedly reduced CD20+ B-cell infiltration. Depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells separately had limited effect on B-cell infiltration, but led to the absence of germinal centres. CONCLUSION TLS disorganisation is not associated with loss of infection control in mice persistently infected with S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Regard
- Institut Cochin and Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Martin
- Institut Cochin and Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Teillaud
- Laboratory "Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy", Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Paris, France.,INSERM UMRS 1135, Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Lafoeste
- Institut Cochin and Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Hugues Vicaire
- Institut Cochin and Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Emilie Ollame-Omvane
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Sibéril
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Institut Cochin and Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Paris, France .,Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
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Kiedrowski MR, Paharik AE, Ackermann LW, Shelton AU, Singh SB, Starner TD, Horswill AR. Development of an in vitro colonization model to investigate Staphylococcus aureus interactions with airway epithelia. Cell Microbiol 2016; 18:720-32. [PMID: 26566259 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen responsible for a wide range of diseases and is also a human commensal colonizing the upper respiratory tract. Strains belonging to the clonal complex group CC30 are associated with colonization, although the colonization state itself is not clearly defined. In this work, we developed a co-culture model with S. aureus colonizing the apical surface of polarized human airway epithelial cells. The S. aureus are grown at the air-liquid interface to allow an in-depth evaluation of a simulated colonization state. Exposure to wild-type, S. aureus bacteria or conditioned media killed airway epithelial cells within 1 day, while mutant S. aureus strains lacking alpha-toxin (hla) persisted on viable cells for at least 2 days. Recent S. aureus CC30 isolates are natural hla mutants, and we observed that these strains displayed reduced toxicity toward airway epithelial cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of known virulence factors showed the expression profile of S. aureus grown in co-culture correlates with results from previous human colonization studies. Microarray analysis indicated significant shifts in S. aureus physiology in the co-culture model toward lipid and amino acid metabolism. The development of the in vitro colonization model will enable further study of specific S. aureus interactions with the host epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Kiedrowski
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Alexandra E Paharik
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Laynez W Ackermann
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Annie U Shelton
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sachinkumar B Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Timothy D Starner
- Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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Wang X, Zhang N, Glorieux S, Holtappels G, Vaneechoutte M, Krysko O, Zhang L, Han D, Nauwynck HJ, Bachert C. Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection facilitates invasion of Staphylococcus aureus into the nasal mucosa and nasal polyp tissue. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39875. [PMID: 22768151 PMCID: PMC3387208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of severe chronic airway disease, such as nasal polyps. However the mechanisms underlying the initiation of damage and/or invasion of the nasal mucosa by S. aureus are not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between S. aureus and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) in the invasion of the nasal mucosa and nasal polyp tissue. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Inferior turbinate and nasal polyp samples were cultured and infected with either HSV1 alone, S. aureus alone or a combination of both. Both in turbinate mucosa and nasal polyp tissue, HSV1, with or without S. aureus incubation, led to focal infection of outer epithelial cells within 48 h, and loss or damage of the epithelium and invasion of HSV1 into the lamina propria within 72 h. After pre-infection with HSV1 for 24 h or 48 h, S. aureus was able to pass the basement membrane and invade the mucosa. Epithelial damage scores were significantly higher for HSV1 and S. aureus co-infected explants compared with control explants or S. aureus only-infected explants, and significantly correlated with HSV1-invasion scores. The epithelial damage scores of nasal polyp tissues were significantly higher than those of inferior turbinate tissues upon HSV1 infection. Consequently, invasion scores of HSV1 of nasal polyp tissues were significantly higher than those of inferior turbinate mucosa in the HSV1 and co-infection groups, and invasion scores of S. aureus of nasal polyp tissues were significantly higher than those of inferior turbinate tissues in the co-infection group. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE HSV1 may lead to a significant damage of the nasal epithelium and consequently may facilitate invasion of S. aureus into the nasal mucosa. Nasal polyp tissue is more susceptible to the invasion of HSV1 and epithelial damage by HSV1 compared with inferior turbinate mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiangDong Wang
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Glorieux
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Holtappels
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mario Vaneechoutte
- Laboratory of Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olga Krysko
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (LZ); (DH)
| | - Demin Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (LZ); (DH)
| | - Hans J. Nauwynck
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claus Bachert
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Ryan S, Kell AJ, van Faassen H, Tay LL, Simard B, MacKenzie R, Gilbert M, Tanha J. Single-domain antibody-nanoparticles: promising architectures for increased staphylococcus aureus detection specificity and sensitivity. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1966-74. [PMID: 19751063 DOI: 10.1021/bc900332r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Because antibodies are highly target-specific and nanoparticles possess diverse, material-dependent properties that can be exploited in order to label and potentially identify biomolecules, the development of antibody-nanoparticle conjugates (nanoconjugates) has huge potential in biodiagnostics. Here, we describe a novel superparamagnetic nanoconjugate, one whose recognition component is a single-domain antibody. It is highly active toward its target Staphylococcus aureus, displays long shelf life, lacks cross-reactivity inherent to traditional homologue whole antibodies, and captures a few dozen S. aureus cells in a mixed cell population with ~100% efficiency and specificity. We ascribe the excellent performance of our nanoconjugate to its single-domain antibody component and recommend it as a general purpose recognition element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Ryan
- Institute for Biological Sciences, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, and Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Qiu XQ, Zhang J, Wang H, Wu GY. A novel engineered peptide, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, is effective against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49:1184-9. [PMID: 15728923 PMCID: PMC549282 DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.3.1184-1189.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel antienterococcal peptide was prepared by fusing the enterococcal cCF10 pheromone to the channel-forming domain of colicin Ia, forming Enterococcus faecalis pheromonicin (PMC-EF). This peptide was bactericidal against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) organisms. Electron microscopy and vital dyes confirmed increased membrane permeability. All mice made bacteremic with VRE strains survived when they were treated with PMC-EF, while all controls died.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Qiu
- Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Protein, West China Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Bragonzi A, Copreni E, de Bentzmann S, Ulrich M, Conese M. Airway epithelial cell-pathogen interactions. J Cyst Fibros 2004; 3 Suppl 2:197-201. [PMID: 15463958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2004.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) airway becomes colonized with only a limited number of bacterial pathogens. It is of paramount importance to establish in vitro and in vivo models to better understand bacterial-host interactions under CF-like conditions. In this article, in vitro methods suitable to study Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) adherence to and uptake by airway epithelial cells are described. Acute and chronic respiratory infection models, which have been used in CF transgenic mice and mimic human CF lung pathology, are also taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bragonzi
- Institut fur Allgemeine Hygiene und Umwelthygiene, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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da Silva MCA, Zahm JM, Gras D, Bajolet O, Abely M, Hinnrasky J, Milliot M, de Assis MC, Hologne C, Bonnet N, Merten M, Plotkowski MC, Puchelle E. Dynamic interaction between airway epithelial cells andStaphylococcus aureus. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2004; 287:L543-51. [PMID: 15145788 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00256.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of pulmonary infection, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, few aspects of the interplay between S. aureus and host airway epithelial cells have been investigated thus far. We investigated by videomicroscopy the time- and bacterial concentration-dependent (104, 106, and 108CFU/ml) effect of S. aureus on adherence, internalization, and the associated damage of the airway epithelial cells. The balance between the secretion by S. aureus of the α-toxin virulence factor and by the airway cells of the antibacterial secretory leukoproteinase inhibitor (SLPI) was also analyzed. After 1 h of interaction, whatever the initial bacterial concentration, a low percentage of S. aureus (<8%) adhered to airway cells, and no airway epithelial cell damage was observed. In contrast, after 24 h of incubation, more bacteria adhered to airway epithelial cells, internalized bacteria were observed, and a bacterial concentration-dependent effect on airway cell damage was observed. At 24 h, most airway cells incubated with bacteria at 108CFU/ml exhibited a necrotic phenotype. The necrosis was preceded by a transient apoptotic process. In parallel, we observed a time- and bacterial concentration-dependent decrease in SLPI and increase in α-toxin expression. These results suggest that airway cells can defend against S. aureus in the early stages of infection. However, in later phases, there is a marked imbalance between the bactericidal capacity of host cells and bacterial virulence. These findings reinforce the potential importance of S. aureus in the pathogenicity of airway infections, including those observed early in CF patients.
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Kahl BC, Becker K, Friedrich AW, Clasen J, Sinha B, Von Eiff C, Peters G. agr-dependent bacterial interference has no impact on long-term colonization of Staphylococcus aureus during persistent airway infection of cystic fibrosis patients. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 41:5199-201. [PMID: 14605162 PMCID: PMC262511 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.41.11.5199-5201.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The agr specificity group distribution of persistent Staphylococcus aureus clones recovered from the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients did not differ from that of isolates recovered from various clinical infections and healthy nasal carriers. The success of CF clones in terms of cocolonization and/or infection with S. aureus, prevalence of clones, or persistence appeared to be independent of agr group specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara C Kahl
- Institute of Medical of Microbiology. Institute for Hygiene, University of Muenster, Muenster 48149, Germany.
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Lina G, Boutite F, Tristan A, Bes M, Etienne J, Vandenesch F. Bacterial competition for human nasal cavity colonization: role of Staphylococcal agr alleles. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69:18-23. [PMID: 12513972 PMCID: PMC152380 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.1.18-23.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the bacterial aerobic nasal flora of 216 healthy volunteers to identify potential competitive interactions among different species, with special emphasis on the influence of staphylococcal agr alleles. The Staphylococcus aureus colonization rate correlated negatively with the rate of colonization by Corynebacterium spp. and non-aureus staphylococci, especially S. epidermidis, suggesting that both Corynebacterium spp. and S. epidermidis antagonize S. aureus colonization. Most of the S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates were agr typed by a PCR method. Only one S. aureus agr (agr(Sa)) allele was detected in each carrier. Multiple logistic regression of the two most prevalent agr(Sa) alleles (agr-1(Sa) and agr-2(Sa)) and the three S. epidermidis agr (agr(Se)) alleles showed a specific influence of the agr system. The results of this model did not support conclusions drawn from previous in vitro agr-specific cross-inhibition experiments. Our findings suggest that the agr alleles, which are strongly linked to the bacterial genetic background, may simply be associated with common biological properties--including mediators of bacterial interference--in the strains that bear them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Lina
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, INSERM E-0230, IFR 62, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Lyon, France.
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Gillet Y, Issartel B, Vanhems P, Fournet JC, Lina G, Bes M, Vandenesch F, Piémont Y, Brousse N, Floret D, Etienne J. Association between Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying gene for Panton-Valentine leukocidin and highly lethal necrotising pneumonia in young immunocompetent patients. Lancet 2002; 359:753-9. [PMID: 11888586 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07877-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1039] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between 1986 and 1998, eight cases of community-acquired pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying the gene for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were recorded in France, six of which were fatal. We aimed to assess the clinical features of these eight cases, and those of other cases identified prospectively, and to compare them with the characteristics of patients with pneumonia caused by PVL-negative strains. METHODS We compared eight retrospective and eight prospective cases of PVL-positive S aureus pneumonia with 36 cases of PVL-negative S aureus pneumonia. For all patients, we recorded age, length of hospital stay, risk factors for infection, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, antibiotic treatment, and serial radiological findings. FINDINGS Median age was 14.8 years (IQR 5.4-24.0) for the PVL-positive patients and 70.1 years (59.2-81.4) for the others (p=0.001). Influenza-like illness had occurred during the 2 days before admission in 12 of the 16 PVL-positive patients, but in only three of 33 PVL-negative patients (p<0.001). PVL-positive infections were more often marked by: temperature greater than 39 degrees C (p=0.01), heart rate above 140 beats per min (p=0.02), haemoptysis (p=0.005), onset of pleural effusion during hospital stay (p=0.004), and leucopenia (p=0.001). The survival rate 48 h after admission was 63% for the PVL-positive patients and 94% for PVL-negative individuals (p=0.007). Histopathological examination of lungs at necropsy from three cases of necrotising pneumonia associated with PVL-positive S aureus showed extensive necrotic ulcerations of the tracheal and bronchial mucosa and massive haemorrhagic necrosis of interalveolar septa. INTERPRETATION PVL-producing S aureus strains cause rapidly progressive, haemorrhagic, necrotising pneumonia, mainly in otherwise healthy children and young adults. The pneumonia is often preceded by influenza-like symptoms and has a high lethality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Gillet
- Division of Paediatric Intensive Care, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
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De Vidipó LA, De Marques EA, Puchelle E, Plotkowski MC. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia interaction with human epithelial respiratory cells in vitro. Microbiol Immunol 2002; 45:563-9. [PMID: 11592630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been isolated with increasing frequency from the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, usually following P. aeruginosa infections, but their adherence to human epithelial respiratory cells has never been investigated. In this study, various S. maltophilia strains were seen to adhere to epithelial respiratory cells in vitro, mainly along intercellular junctions. Bacteria could also enter into host cells, as determined by the gentamicin exclusion assay and transmission electron microscopy. Cells co-incubated with P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia exhibited a significantly decreased adherence of these latter bacteria. No decrease in S. maltophilia adherence was observed when co-infection was carried out with heat-killed P. aeruginosa or when respiratory cells were first incubated with P. aeruginosa, before incubation with S. maltophilia. Our data suggest that P. aeruginosa infections do not account for the increased prevalence of S. maltophilia in CF patient airways, that thermolabile products from P. aeruginosa can control the adherence of S. maltophilia to respiratory cells and also that these two bacteria do not compete for cell receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A De Vidipó
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Mongodin E, Bajolet O, Cutrona J, Bonnet N, Dupuit F, Puchelle E, de Bentzmann S. Fibronectin-binding proteins of Staphylococcus aureus are involved in adherence to human airway epithelium. Infect Immun 2002; 70:620-30. [PMID: 11796591 PMCID: PMC127664 DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.2.620-630.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus adherence to human airway epithelium. Using a humanized bronchial xenograft model in the nude mouse and primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells (HAEC), we showed that S. aureus adhered mainly to undifferentiated HAEC whereas weak adherence (11- to 20-fold lower) to differentiated HAEC was observed (P < 0.01). A fibronectin (FN)-binding protein (FnBP)-deficient strain of S. aureus had a fivefold-lower adherence level to undifferentiated HAEC than did the parental strain (P < 0.005), suggesting that S. aureus FN-binding capacity is involved in the adherence to HAEC. We also showed that 97% of 32 S. aureus clinical strains, isolated from the airway secretions of cystic fibrosis patients (n = 18) and patients with nosocomial pneumonia (n = 14), possessed the two fnb genes. The strains from pneumonia patients had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher FN-binding capacity than did the strains from CF patients. This result was confirmed by the expression of FnBPs, investigated by Western ligand affinity blotting. Our results suggest a major role of FnBPs in the colonization of the airways by S. aureus and point to the importance of the adhesin regulatory pathways in the staphylococcal infectious process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mongodin
- INSERM UMRS514, IFR53, CHU Maison-Blanche. Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Robert Debré, 51092 Reims Cedex, France
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Van Belkum A, Kools-Sijmons M, Verbrugh H. Attachment of Staphylococcus aureus to eukaryotic cells and experimental pitfalls in staphylococcal adherence assays: a critical appraisal. J Microbiol Methods 2002; 48:19-42. [PMID: 11733080 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7012(01)00342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial species with pathogenic potential to both humans and animals. The primary natural niche is said to be the human vestibulum nasi from where bacterial cells may spread to the environment or additional anatomical sites such as the perineum or the hands, where residence is usually transient. Apparently, S. aureus is capable of a precise and balanced interaction with specific types of eukaryotic nasal cells. Although a wide variety of important bacterial ligands and possible eukaryote receptors have been described, the precise mechanisms leading to persistent bacterial colonization and, even more importantly, associated infection have not yet been elucidated in detail. This may be a consequence of the fact that most of the adherence factors have been studied individually in simplified in vitro systems, not taking the complexity of multi-factorial in vivo cell-cell interactions into account. An overall scheme of the initial and sequential interactions leading to S. aureus colonization of eukaryotic cell surfaces has not yet emerged. This review concisely describes the current state of affairs in the multi-disciplinary field of staphylococcal adherence research. Specific emphasis is placed upon the pros and cons of the various artificial, mostly in vitro models employed to study the interaction between bacterial and human or animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Van Belkum
- Deptartment Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam (EMCR), Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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