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Bauer A, Teply M. How Patients Cope Throughout the Course of an Incurable Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2023; 22:347-353. [PMID: 37507246 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Patients cope in different ways when living with an incurable cancer. These varied coping styles impact how oncology providers communicate with patients. If providers do not tailor communication with a general understanding of how a patient is coping, this risks miscommunication with the patient, inaccurate disease understanding, and suboptimal care. This review explores the spectrum of coping patterns that influence a patient's behaviors and communication with their oncology team throughout a cancer course. We then review several strategies to assist with coping in order to provide more transparent communication throughout the cancer course. Patients express coping styles on a spectrum, from "avoidant" to "resistant" to "engaged." The "avoidant" and "resistant" coping styles often impede transparent communication between patient and provider due to expressions of unrealistic hope by the patient. Several communication skills can improve patient coping and readiness to discuss prognostic information about the cancer, which will better facilitate conversations around end of life and readiness to stop cancer treatment and initiate hospice when indicated. Understanding the spectrum of coping styles and stress responses by patients and families can improve shared understanding between patient and provider as well as a sense of partnership with patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Bauer
- Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Melissa Teply
- Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
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2
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Richardson AL. Hope and anxiety. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101664. [PMID: 37572550 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety-related disorders continue to be one of the most prevalent and burdensome psychiatric disorders. Research has examined resilience factors, such as hope, that can build resilience toward or mitigate the impact of anxiety disorders. The following review provides a summary of hope as a factor of resilience as well as a mechanism of change in reducing levels of anxiety. First, hope and anxiety are conceptualized as future-oriented traits. Then, hope as a source of resilience against trait anxiety is discussed. The article then discusses the moderate, indirect relationship between hope and general as well as specific forms of anxiety before providing empirical support for hope as a mechanism of change in the reduction of anxiety. Finally, considerations for future study of hope and anxiety are discussed.
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3
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Zheng L, Yao J, Zhou W, Liu D. The effect of physical activity on the quality of life of athletes with disabilities and the mediating role of life satisfaction and physical self-esteem. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 240:104044. [PMID: 37806021 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of physical activity(PA) on the quality of life (QOL) of athletes with disabilities using sport and health theory. We administered a paper-based field questionnaire to 118 athletes with disabilities and used structural equation modeling to analyze the mechanisms of physical self-esteem (PSE) and satisfaction with life (SWL) in the role of PA and QOL in athletes with disabilities. RESULTS: 1) PA still had a significant positive effect on the QOL of athletes with disabilities mediated by PSE (β = 0.206, p < .01,95 % CI = [0.11,0.306]); PA had a greater significant effect on QOL in athletes with disabilities when PSE and SWL were combined (β = 0.206, p < .01,95 % CI = [0.11,0.306]); 3) PSE and SWL have an indirect effect of 32.18 % in PA affecting QOL in athletes with disabilities. CONCLUSION: 1) PA significantly improves PSE, SWL, and QOL for people with disabilities; 2) PSE and SWL can not only play separate mediating roles in the process of PA influencing the QOL of athletes with disabilities, but they can also work together to exert a co-mediating effect. This provides a theoretical basis for PA to enhance QOL or improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, China.
| | - Juan Yao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Sichuan Institute of Industrial Technology, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Physical Education and Health, Nanning Normal University, China
| | - Danping Liu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
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4
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Li C, Ning G, Xia Y. Does exercise participation promote happiness?: Mediations and heterogeneities. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1033157. [PMID: 36969647 PMCID: PMC10036593 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1033157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper uses a nationally representative and large-scale dataset from China to empirically examine the relationship between exercise participation and happiness. To address the problem of reverse causality between the two factors, the instrumental variable (IV) approach is used to deal with endogeneity to some extent. It is demonstrated that higher frequencies of exercise participation are positively related to happiness. Findings also demonstrate that physical exercise could significantly decrease depressive disorders, improves self-rated health conditions and reduces the frequency of health problems affecting people's work and life. At the same time, all of above health factors significantly influence subjective wellbeing. When these health variables are included in regressions, the correlation between exercise participation and happiness declines. This confirms that physical activity helps to improve happiness by enhancing mental and overall health conditions. In addition, results show that physical activities are more prominently related to happiness for male, older and unmarried individuals and those living in rural areas, lacking social security and with higher levels of depression as well as lower socioeconomic status. Furthermore, a series of robustness checks are carried out and exercise participation's positive role in improving happiness is further confirmed using different happiness measures and instrumental variables, various IV models, as well as penalized machine learning methods and placebo tests. With the increasing emphasis of improving happiness as an important goal in the global public health policy, findings of this paper have important policy implications for enhancing subjective wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai, China
- Chao Li
| | - Guangjie Ning
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangjie Ning
| | - Yuxin Xia
- HSBC Business School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
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5
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Rand KL, Rogers SK. Cognitive models of hope. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101510. [PMID: 36459929 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Rand
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA.
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6
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Rasmussen HN, England E, Cole BP. Hope and physical health. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101549. [PMID: 36640676 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of the recent research focusing on hope and physical health. The reviewed research is limited to research primarily on hope as conceptualized by Snyder and colleagues [33] and to those studies in which the researchers measured hope using scales based on Hope Theory proposed by Snyder and colleagues. Studies on hope and health behaviors, as well as specific health outcomes such as pain, cancer, and chronic illness are included. Overall findings indicate that hope is plays an important role in health.
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Carfora V, Biella M, Catellani P. Affective components in promoting physical activity: A randomized controlled trial of message framing. Front Psychol 2022; 13:968109. [PMID: 36172225 PMCID: PMC9512085 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the study of the affective components involved in predicting physical activity is spreading faster and faster, there is a lack of studies testing their role when promoting physical activity through message interventions. In the present study, we considered these components by focusing on how anticipated affective reactions and emotional processing of the messages influence receivers’ affective attitude toward physical activity, concurrent behavior, and future intention. A sample of 250 participants was involved in an intervention relying on prefactual (i.e., “If … then…”) messages promoting physical activity. All messages were sent through a research app and were focused on the expected consequences of exercising (or not exercising). Four experimental conditions involving messages differing as to their outcome sensitivity framing (i.e., gain, non-loss, non-gain, and loss) were compared to a control condition. Results showed that reading gain and non-gain messages enhanced the positive affective attitude toward physical activity, compared to control. Enhanced affective attitude after the intervention increased, in turn, self-reported physical activity and future intention. Interestingly, gain messages were even more persuasive for people with a low level of positive anticipated affective reactions. Furthermore, their effectiveness was especially attributable to the elicitation of hope in receivers. Discussion focuses on the advantages of considering affective components and their implications when promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carfora
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valentina Carfora,
| | - Marco Biella
- Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Patrizia Catellani
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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8
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Ngai SSY, Cheung CK, Wang L, Li Y, Ng YH, Yu ENH, Leung WPC. Development and Validation of the Career and Life Development Hope (CLDH) Scale among Non-Engaged Youth in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610283. [PMID: 36011916 PMCID: PMC9408436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing career and life development hope (CLDH) is critical for the career and life pursuits of non-engaged youths (NEY) who face various disadvantages in the school-to-work transition, especially considering current challenging labor market conditions and the impacts of the pandemic. Nevertheless, research that explores the assessment of CLDH among NEY is scarce. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop and validate a CLDH measurement instrument. A total of 1998 NEY aged 13-29 years in Hong Kong participated in our study. Exploratory factor analysis of the 20-item CLDH scale suggested a two-factor structure-career and life development pathways (CLDP) and career and life development agency (CLDA)-which accounted for 63.08% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis results show a good model fit (CFI = 0.934, TLI = 0.926, RMSEA = 0.060, 90% CI [0.055, 0.065], SRMR = 0.042) and all the items significantly represented the corresponding sub-constructs. The results also demonstrate a satisfactory internal consistency for all subscales and the full scale (0.89-0.95). Sub-group consistency across subsamples categorized by gender, age, and years of residence in Hong Kong was indicated. Correlations between the CLDH scale and subscales with other career-related and social well-being outcomes (i.e., youth career development competency, career adaptability, civic engagement, social contribution, and social integration) showed good concurrent validity. Our results support that the CLDH scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring NEY's hope for career and life development in the Hong Kong context. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Sek-yum Ngai
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3943-7512
| | - Chau-kiu Cheung
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunjun Li
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen-hang Ng
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elly Nga-hin Yu
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Moylan MN, Fales JL, Grover CA. College students' hope, body-esteem, motivation, and participation in exercise. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-6. [PMID: 35944129 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2109420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: While many are aware of the benefits of exercise, there has been a decline in participation across all ages, with dramatic declines during adolescence/young adulthood. This study aimed to determine whether hope, body-esteem, and motivation to exercise contribute to exercise behavior among college students. Participants: Undergraduates (N = 104) were recruited through the psychology research pool and athletic department. Method: Participants completed a set of questionnaires measuring hope, motivation, body-esteem, and participation in exercise. Results: We performed a hierarchical regression to determine whether hope predicted exercise above the influence of motivation, body-esteem, and demographic factors. Our analysis revealed a significant model predicting exercise with hope and participation in collegiate athletics as significant predictors. Conclusions: The combination of health/enjoyment motivation, participation in collegiate athletics, body-esteem, and hope predicts exercise behavior among college students. Identifying that hope played a significant role is an intriguing finding and warrants continued research on hope in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Moylan
- Emporia State University, Emporia, Kansas, USA
- Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica L Fales
- Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, Washington, USA
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10
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Han SS, Li B, Wang GX, Ke YZ, Meng SQ, Li YX, Cui ZL, Tong WX. Physical Fitness, Exercise Behaviors, and Sense of Self-Efficacy Among College Students: A Descriptive Correlational Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:932014. [PMID: 35910985 PMCID: PMC9335150 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.932014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-efficacy is an important component of the mental well-being of college students. This study aimed to evaluate the development and the correlation between physical fitness (PF), exercise behavior, and self-efficacy in college students. To examine whether PF in individual college students can predict self-efficacy, and whether exercise behavior mediates this relationship. Methods This was an observational study of 1923 randomly selected college students (50.5% girl). Measures included the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and PF testing. Results Self-efficacy was weakly correlated to both PF (r = 0.240) and exercise behavior (r = 0.248). In regression analysis, PF explained 24.7% of the variance in self-efficacy, increasing to 29.4% when exercise behavior was considered. Therefore, the predictive effect of PF on self-efficacy is partially realized through healthy exercise behavior. Conclusion Physical fitness can predict self-efficacy among college students, with exercise behavior being an important mediation of this relationship. Strategies to improve positive exercise behaviors and PF could improve students' self-efficacy and overall mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-shan Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-xu Wang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - You-zhi Ke
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-qiao Meng
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ya-xing Li
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Zhong-lei Cui
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Wen-xia Tong
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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11
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past 30 years, researchers have found that childhood trauma and its subsequent stress have a strong and cumulative effect on health in adulthood. Trauma in childhood often leads to mental health problems, skeletal fractures, and early death from conditions such as heart disease, cancer, lung disease, and liver disease. Compounding the effects of traumatic stress, health care systems often create a population of "never-served" persons who avoid health care settings because they've been subject to judgment and marginalization. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a skill underutilized by health care providers and organizations, yet nurse ethics and respect for human rights require us to care for all patients equally without judgment, including those living with the stress of complex trauma. The TIC approach respects human rights and supports nursing ethics, promoting a welcoming, inclusive environment in health care systems and patient-provider relationships that eschews implicit and explicit bias toward patients, regardless of presentation or personal circumstances. TIC foundational principles guide the application of the nursing process using patient-centered care to create safety, the first principle in TIC. Here, the authors discuss the application of these core principles in nursing through a deidentified case study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Dowdell
- Elizabeth B. Dowdell is a professor and coordinator of undergraduate research at Villanova University, Villanova, PA. Patricia M. Speck is a professor and coordinator of advanced forensic nursing at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing. Contact author: Elizabeth B. Dowdell, . This article was inspired in part by a policy dialogue presented at the 2018 American Academy of Nursing Transforming Health, Driving Policy Conference, entitled "Population Trauma: A Systems Approach to Trauma-Informed Care." The authors acknowledge Annie Lewis-O'Connor, PhD, MPH, RN, NP-BC, FAAN for her assistance in providing some of the clinical details in the case study. The authors and planners have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. A podcast with the authors is available at www.ajnonline.com
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12
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Lei F, Lei L. How Does the Optimism of Students Learning a Foreign Language Affect Their Creative Self-Efficacy? The Mediating Effects of Hope and Empathy. Front Psychol 2022; 13:831593. [PMID: 35369131 PMCID: PMC8966132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.831593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Creative self-efficacy (CSE) is a core influencer of creative behavior and has a positive impact on well-being and development. However, the positive psychological processes that help to promote CSE in foreign-language learning (FLL) remain under-studied. Focusing specifically on FLL students, the present study examined the associations among optimism, hope, empathy, and CSE and investigated the possible mediating roles of hope and empathy in the relationship between optimism and CSE. A sample of 330 FLL students from two Chinese universities participated in this study. The results showed that (i) optimism, hope, and empathy were all positively related to CSE and that (ii) optimism did not directly predict CSE but indirectly and positively predicted CSE through hope and empathy. These findings suggest that optimism, empathy, and hope potentially play positive roles in facilitating CSE in FLL students. Based on the present results, some practical approaches are discussed that could help improve the CSE of FLL students, paying particular attention to the effects that potentially motivate their positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lei
- School of Foreign Studies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Language Cognition and Assessment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lei
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Ji C, Yang J, Lin L, Chen S. Physical Exercise Ameliorates Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Quality in College Students: Experimental Evidence from Exercise Intensity and Frequency. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12030061. [PMID: 35323380 PMCID: PMC8944991 DOI: 10.3390/bs12030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise intensity and exercise frequency on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in college students. Methods: All participants came from a university in northeastern China. All participants were tested for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and were diagnosed with anxiety disorders. The research subjects were divided into six groups, namely the low-intensity and low-frequency group (group 1), low-intensity and moderate-frequency group (group 2), low-intensity and high-frequency group (group 3), high-intensity and low-frequency group (group 4), and high-intensity and moderate-frequency group (group 5) and high-intensity and high-frequency group (group 6). The duration of each physical exercise for each group was 1 h. Participants’ exercise intensity was monitored using Polar H10 HR sensors and the Borg RPE scale. The experiment was carried out for a total of 6 weeks. The researchers conducted pre- and post-test scores on the subjects’ anxiety, depression and sleep quality through questionnaires. Results: Exercise intensity improved anxiety and decreased symptoms of depression better than exercise frequency; sleep quality was more closely related to exercise intensity. Conclusion: Exercise intensity and exercise frequency have different effects on anxiety, depression and sleep quality improvement, indicating that exercise intensity and exercise frequency have different effects on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxin Ji
- Department of Physical Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
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14
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Feldman DB, O'Rourke MA, Bakitas MA, Krouse RS, Deininger HE, Hudson MF, Corn BW. Hope, Burnout, and Life Satisfaction: An Intriguing Trinity Among Investigators of the SWOG Cancer Research Network. JCO Oncol Pract 2021; 17:e908-e916. [PMID: 33900801 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although hope has been explored in patients, few studies have investigated hopefulness in health care professionals. We surveyed oncology professionals within the SWOG Cancer Research Network, exploring relationships among personal hopefulness, social support, work stress, burnout, and life satisfaction. We hypothesized that hope would mediate the relationships between these other variables and life satisfaction. METHODS SWOG members were randomly selected for an online survey containing measures of hope, social support, work stress, burnout, and satisfaction with life. Of 1,000 invitees, 226 responded. RESULTS We tested a multiple mediational model using Hayes' bootstrapping approach (ie, PROCESS v3.4). As hypothesized, hope partially mediated the relationships between burnout and life satisfaction as well as between social support and life satisfaction. In particular, hopefulness was associated with lower burnout (-0.23; P = .005), greater social support (0.23; P = .005), and greater life satisfaction (0.50; P < .001). Work stress was associated with greater burnout (0.57; P < .001) but was not associated with general life satisfaction. Finally, social support was associated with lower burnout (-0.16; P = .005) and greater life satisfaction (0.24; P < .001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hope may mitigate the effects of burnout. The combination of hope and social support may prove helpful for reducing burnout and improving life satisfaction. Single-session hope-enhancement interventions incorporating both hope and social support have previously been shown to increase hope and well-being in non-health care professionals. Such interventions for health care providers warrant further study.
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Safizade H, Amirzadeh N, Mangolian Shahrbabaki P. Motivational Factors for Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors in Iranian Women: A Qualitative Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3109-3114. [PMID: 33112574 PMCID: PMC7798153 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of breast cancer increases the chance of recovery and life expectancy. Screening is the primary tool for early diagnosis and timely treatment of breast cancer in early stages. This qualitative study aimed to explain the motivational factors for breast cancer screening in Iranian women. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis. The 45 women were selected through purposive sampling. Focus group were used for data collection and the data were analyzed using the Lundman and Graneheim thematic content analysis approach. RESULTS Data analysis identified 9 themes: knowledge acquisition, presence of happy-hopeful spirit, positive attitude and self-worth, maternal role, intellectual and financial independence, religious beliefs, motivational fears, and supportive family. CONCLUSION According to the results of this study, it seems that health systems need to change the attitudes and beliefs of people to enhance health culture by identifying women's motivations for breast cancer screening in different groups and increase social knowledge about screening methods by supporting and training.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Safizade
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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