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Koirala Dhital M, Dhital SR, Kc BB, Owens V, Khadka HR, Gyawali P. Successful health promotion, its challenges and the way forward in Nepal. Glob Health Promot 2022; 30:68-71. [PMID: 36000808 DOI: 10.1177/17579759221117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Health promotion is the most favorable approach and process to achieve a positive health outcome of the population. Several countries across the world are committed to achieving positive health for their people with the best health promotion strategies. Health promotion, in fact, shares a large portion of health care economy and resources in many countries. A low-income country like Nepal, however, lacks the implementation of rigorous health care strategies on a large scale and is deficient in evidence of the potential scope of health promotion. Nepal has adopted the global health promotion declaration on paper; however, health care providers and authorities are still working in a traditional way using existing health policies and strategies. This paper aims to explore some of the global best practices of health promotion, including the challenges and opportunities by adopting such practices in Nepal, and provides some recommendations as a way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shalik Ram Dhital
- National Health Education, Information and Communication Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bhakta Bahadur Kc
- National Health Education, Information and Communication Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Hem Raj Khadka
- Ministry of Social Development, Sudurpakshim Pradesh, Dhangadi, Nepal
| | - Prajwal Gyawali
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Kadykalo AN, Buxton RT, Morrison P, Anderson CM, Bickerton H, Francis CM, Smith AC, Fahrig L. Bridging research and practice in conservation. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33738830 DOI: 10.1111/cobi13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Calls for biodiversity conservation practice to be more evidence based are growing, and we agree evidence use in conservation practice needs improvement. However, evidence-based conservation will not be realized without improved access to evidence. In medicine, unlike in conservation, a well-established and well-funded layer of intermediary individuals and organizations engage with medical practitioners, synthesize primary research relevant to decision making, and make evidence easily accessible. These intermediaries prepare targeted evidence summaries and distribute them to practitioners faced with time-sensitive and value-laden decisions. To be effective, these intermediaries, who we refer to as evidence bridges, should identify research topics based on the priorities of practitioners; synthesize evidence; prepare and distribute easy-to-find and easy-to-use evidence summaries; and develop and maintain networks of connections with researchers and practitioners. Based on a review of the literature regarding evidence intermediaries in conservation and environmental management, as well as an anonymous questionnaire searching for such organizations, we found few intermediaries that met all these criteria. Few evidence bridges that do exist are unable to reach most conservation practitioners, which include resource managers in government and industry, conservation organizations, and farmers and other private landowners. We argue that the lack of evidence bridges from research to practitioners contributes to evidence complacency and limits the use of evidence in conservation action. Nevertheless, several existing organizations help reduce the gap between evidence and practice and could serve as a foundation for building additional components of evidence bridges in conservation. Although evidence bridges need expertise in research and evidence synthesis, they also require expertise in identifying and communicating with the community of practitioners most in need of clear and concise syntheses of evidence. Article Impact Statement: Evidence-based conservation will not be realized without improved access to evidence. We call for intermediary evidence bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel T Buxton
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Morrison
- EcoEcoAnalysis, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Charles M Francis
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam C Smith
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lenore Fahrig
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kadykalo AN, Buxton RT, Morrison P, Anderson CM, Bickerton H, Francis CM, Smith AC, Fahrig L. Bridging research and practice in conservation. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:1725-1737. [PMID: 33738830 PMCID: PMC9291548 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Calls for biodiversity conservation practice to be more evidence based are growing, and we agree evidence use in conservation practice needs improvement. However, evidence-based conservation will not be realized without improved access to evidence. In medicine, unlike in conservation, a well-established and well-funded layer of intermediary individuals and organizations engage with medical practitioners, synthesize primary research relevant to decision making, and make evidence easily accessible. These intermediaries prepare targeted evidence summaries and distribute them to practitioners faced with time-sensitive and value-laden decisions. To be effective, these intermediaries, who we refer to as evidence bridges, should identify research topics based on the priorities of practitioners; synthesize evidence; prepare and distribute easy-to-find and easy-to-use evidence summaries; and develop and maintain networks of connections with researchers and practitioners. Based on a review of the literature regarding evidence intermediaries in conservation and environmental management, as well as an anonymous questionnaire searching for such organizations, we found few intermediaries that met all these criteria. Few evidence bridges that do exist are unable to reach most conservation practitioners, which include resource managers in government and industry, conservation organizations, and farmers and other private landowners. We argue that the lack of evidence bridges from research to practitioners contributes to evidence complacency and limits the use of evidence in conservation action. Nevertheless, several existing organizations help reduce the gap between evidence and practice and could serve as a foundation for building additional components of evidence bridges in conservation. Although evidence bridges need expertise in research and evidence synthesis, they also require expertise in identifying and communicating with the community of practitioners most in need of clear and concise syntheses of evidence. Article Impact Statement: Evidence-based conservation will not be realized without improved access to evidence. We call for intermediary evidence bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Morrison
- EcoEcoAnalysisOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of Natural Resource SciencesMcGill UniversitySainte‐Anne‐de‐BellevueQuebecCanada
| | | | | | - Charles M. Francis
- Department of BiologyCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
- Canadian Wildlife ServiceEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Adam C. Smith
- Department of BiologyCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
- Canadian Wildlife ServiceEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Lenore Fahrig
- Department of BiologyCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
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Carlson V, Chilton MJ, Corso LC, Beitsch LM. Defining the functions of public health governance. Am J Public Health 2015; 105 Suppl 2:S159-66. [PMID: 25689187 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a literature review in 2011 to determine if accepted governance functions continue to reflect the role of public health governing entities. Reviewing literature and other source documents, as well as consulting with practitioners, resulted in an iterative process that identified 6 functions of public health governance and established definitions for each of these: policy development; resource stewardship; continuous improvement; partner engagement; legal authority; and oversight of a health department. These functions provided context for the role of governing entities in public health practice and aligned well with existing public health accreditation standards. Public health systems research can build from this work in future explorations of the contributions of governance to health department performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Carlson
- Valeria Carlson is with the Health Department and Systems Development Branch, Division of Public Health Performance Improvement, Office for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Support, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Marita J. Chilton is with the Public Health Accreditation Board, Alexandria, VA. Liza C. Corso is with the Division of Public Health Performance Improvement, Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Leslie M. Beitsch is with the Center for Medicine and Public Health, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee
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McFarlane E, Kahili A, Johnson JA. Insights in public health: Bridging the research to practice gap to prevent maternal stress and depression. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH : A JOURNAL OF ASIA PACIFIC MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 73:195-196. [PMID: 24959394 PMCID: PMC4064345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth McFarlane
- University of Hawai'i Office of Public Health Studies, Honolulu, HI and Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (EM)
| | - Andy Kahili
- University of Hawai'i Office of Public Health Studies, Honolulu, HI and Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (EM)
| | - Jodi Aiu Johnson
- University of Hawai'i Office of Public Health Studies, Honolulu, HI and Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (EM)
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Davis MV, Cilenti D, Gunther-Mohr C, Baker EL. Participatory research partnerships: addressing relevant public health system challenges. Public Health Rep 2012; 127:230-5. [PMID: 22379226 DOI: 10.1177/003335491212700214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary V Davis
- North Carolina Institute for Public Health (NCIPH), UNC GSGPH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Higgins JW, Strange K, Scarr J, Pennock M, Barr V, Yew A, Drummond J, Terpstra J. “It’s a Feel. That’s What a Lot of Our Evidence Would Consist of ”: Public Health Practitioners’ Perspectives on Evidence. Eval Health Prof 2011; 34:278-96. [DOI: 10.1177/0163278710393954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article describes how evidence is defined and used in two British Columbia public health departments during the implementation of a Healthy Living initiative in 2009. Through interviews with 21 public health staff and decision makers, the author sought to investigate how “evidence” was defined by both frontline and management staff and how it was used in decision making. The authors found public health staff, particularly frontline practitioners, to be drawn to grassroots and local “lived experience” evidence. This tacit wisdom, in combination with evidence from academia and clinical evidence accessed through disciplinary or professional networks, offered a knowledge transition opportunity to inform decision making, rather than what can be characterized in the literature as unidirectional knowledge translation. It is often difficult for staff to digest and interpret research as part of their work day because of the volume and density of information that typically counts as evidence. Moreover, there exist challenges to identify and gather indicators as evidence of their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Wharf Higgins
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Strange
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Scarr
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Victoria Barr
- School of Regional and Community Planning, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ann Yew
- School of Biomedical Physiology & Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Canada
| | - Janine Drummond
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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