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Świątek AH, Szcześniak M, Borkowska H, Bojdo W, Myszak UZ. Aesthetic Experience and the Ability to Integrate Beauty: The Mediating Effect of Spirituality. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4033-4041. [PMID: 37795106 PMCID: PMC10547007 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s423513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to integrate beauty (AIB) is the ability to inner transformation including thinking about oneself, perceived phenomena, or the world through exposure to an aesthetic object (or phenomenon). Previous research indicates that the AIB is positively related to aesthetic experience. Still, it is unclear whether spirituality can mediate the relationship between the two variables. Spirituality is understood as an experience of transcendence that relates to the unseen and is "larger than human". The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between emotional and cognitive experiences related to the reception of art (as the most representative form of beauty) and the ability to connect with spirituality and aesthetic experiences. Methods The online survey included a sample of N = 195 adults (74% female) between the ages of 18 and 54. The Spirituality Scale (SD-36), the Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire (AEQ) and the Ability to Integrate Beauty Scale (AIBS) were used to test hypotheses. Results The analysis revealed a statistically significant, moderate relationship between the ability to integrate beauty and both the total aesthetic experience score and the spirituality scale score. The results support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between aesthetic experience in art and spirituality. The study also confirmed the mediating effect of spirituality on the relationship between aesthetic experience and aesthetic intelligence. Conclusion Individuals with a higher level of spiritual development tend to have a greater ability to integrate beauty and have more intense aesthetic experiences, which in turn may increase their aesthetic intelligence. The results suggest that a deepened spirituality contributes to a greater ability to integrate beauty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata H Świątek
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szcześniak
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hanna Borkowska
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Weronika Bojdo
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Urszula Zofia Myszak
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Bekker CI, Rothmann S, Kloppers MM. The happy learner: Effects of academic boredom, burnout, and engagement. Front Psychol 2023; 13:974486. [PMID: 36704676 PMCID: PMC9872023 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.974486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of demographic and contextual variables on boredom in English and mathematics, and to test structural models of boredom, learner burnout, learner engagement, and life satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional survey design and employing a convenience sampling technique, 544 secondary school learners in the Sedibeng District, Gauteng, South Africa, took part in the study. The participants completed the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire - English, the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire - Mathematics, the Schoolwork Engagement Inventory, the School Burnout Inventory, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Latent variable modeling was used to test measurement and structural models of boredom, burnout, engagement, and life satisfaction. The indirect effects of boredom on life satisfaction were also computed. The results showed that Afrikaans as the home language, the final mark for English in the previous examination, caregivers that cannot help with English homework, and disliking the English teacher predicted boredom in English. Afrikaans as the home language, marks for mathematics in the previous examination, not having the ability to focus on schoolwork at home, and disliking the mathematics teacher predicted boredom in mathematics. Boredom in mathematics and English resulted in an increase in learner burnout and a decrease in learner engagement. Furthermore, boredom in mathematics and English indirectly affected life satisfaction via learner burnout and engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastiaan Rothmann
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa,*Correspondence: Sebastiaan Rothmann,
| | - Magdalena M. Kloppers
- Research Unit Self-directed Learning, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Koen V, Robertson N, Tsabedze W. Incidence of psycho-social well-being in a rural community of South Africa. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1549-1563. [PMID: 34662437 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This article explores the incidence of psychosocial well-being within Lokaleng; a rural community located in the North West province of South Africa. While the community is unique, it shares similarities with many other rural communities in South Africa, such as being deprived of various resources and being impoverished, indicating a need to explore the incidence of psychosocial well-being in this community as there has been no research on this phenomenon in this community specifically. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed. A purposive sample of adult community members (n = 189) completed a battery of validated questionnaires and data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software package. The results are indicative that the sample experienced lower levels of psychosocial well-being, which supports similar findings of other South African studies that rural communities tend to report lower levels of psychosocial well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Koen
- Department of Psychology within the School of Psychosocial Health, COMPRES, School of Psychosocial Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Neville Robertson
- Department of Psychology within the School of Psychosocial Health, COMPRES, School of Psychosocial Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Wandile Tsabedze
- Department of Psychology within the School of Psychosocial Health, COMPRES, School of Psychosocial Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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4
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Music therapists’ empathic experiences of shared and differing orientations to religion and spirituality in the client-therapist relationship. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2021.101786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Gender and managerial competence: a comparison of male and female first-line nurse managers in Indonesia. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/fon-2021-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
First-line nurse managers are more likely to work according to gender beliefs and stereotypes, which may affect their managerial competence. This study is aimed at comparing managerial competence of male and female first-line nurse managers in public hospitals in Indonesia.
Methods
This study employed a descriptive comparative approach with a cross-sectional survey with a total of 256 participants selected from 18 public hospitals. To measure managerial competence, the managerial competence scale for Indonesian first-line nurse managers was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive analyses using mean, standard deviation, and Independent t-test.
Results
Managerial competence of male and female first-line nurse managers was not significantly different (P = 0.555). Female nurse managers descriptively reported/received higher ranking in facilitating spiritual nursing care, managing self, staffing and professional development, utilizing informatics, and applying quality care improvement. Male nurse managers reported higher in leadership and financial management.
Conclusions
Female and male first-line nurse managers should be treated equally for leadership and managerial development.
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Sabouhi F, Mohtashami MJ, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mahdavi S, Khalili M, Imeni M. The effect of spiritual care on quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2: a clinical trial. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:827-833. [PMID: 33831980 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate effect of a spiritual care on quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2. METHODS The current study was a clinical trial. Fifty four patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2 referred to Al-Zahra hospital at Isfahan was allocated to two case and control groups. Spiritual care training including transcendental meditation (T.M) technique was established for case group. Participants in case group performed four weeks of meditation technique following participating in sessions of meditation technique training. Data gathering was done using a standard tool to assess quality of life in patients with diabetes (diabetes quality of life: DQOL). Data was analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS Mean score of quality of life in the four areas of quality of life was not significantly different among case and control groups at baseline, however, mean score of quality of life in case group (2.25 ± 0.56) was significantly better than control group (2.52 ± 0.38) after intervention (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Given findings of the study, it seems that spiritual care can improve quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhri Sabouhi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mona Joz Mohtashami
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadpourhodki
- Kashmar Center of Higher Health Education, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mahdavi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mitra Khalili
- Department of Nursing, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Malihe Imeni
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Karataş Z, Tagay Ö. The relationships between resilience of the adults affected by the covid pandemic in Turkey and Covid-19 fear, meaning in life, life satisfaction, intolerance of uncertainty and hope. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021; 172:110592. [PMID: 33518871 PMCID: PMC7832104 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the association between the resilience of the adults affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and Covid-19 fear, meaning in life, life satisfaction, intolerance of uncertainty, hope gender, psychological trauma history and the presence of the individuals diagnosed with Covid-19 around. A total of 929 adults with the mean age of 41.58 participated in the current study. Findings from the study indicated that hope, meaning in life, life satisfaction, not having the experience of psychological trauma positively and significantly predict resilience while intolerance of uncertainty and Covid-19 fear negatively and significantly predict resilience. The presence of people diagnosed with Covid-19 and gender on the other hand were found to not significantly predict resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Karataş
- Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Education Faculty Education Sciences, Department Counseling and Guidance Programme, Turkey
| | - Özlem Tagay
- Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Education Faculty Education Sciences, Department Counseling and Guidance Programme, Turkey
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8
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Botha B, Mostert K, Jacobs M. Exploring indicators of subjective well-being for first-year university students. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2019.1665885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Botha
- WorkWell Research Unit, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Karina Mostert
- WorkWell Research Unit, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Melissa Jacobs
- WorkWell Research Unit, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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9
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Stulp HP, Glas GG, Eurelings-Bontekoe L. Validation of an implicit instrument to assess God representations. Part 2: Associations between implicit and explicit measures of God representations and object-relational functioning. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2019.1569490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henk P. Stulp
- Lectorate Health Care and Spirituality, Viaa University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Mayer CH, Surtee S, Barnard A. Women leaders in higher education: a psycho-spiritual perspective. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0081246314548869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Demands on women in middle and senior leadership positions in higher education institutions inevitably challenge their well-being. How they manage these demands is strongly related to their sense of coherence and their spirituality, constructs that have demonstrated positive relations with general and work-related well-being. This study aims to explore the construction of sense of coherence and spirituality of women leaders in higher education institutions. It adopts a qualitative research approach, applying constructivist grounded theory. The sample comprises 13 academic and support services women working in higher education, who belong to the Higher Education Resource Services South Africa network, a non-profit organisation that promotes leadership development and representation of women in senior positions in higher education. This study contributes to knowledge on gender-specific well-being concepts by presenting qualitative findings on women leaders’ life-orientation in terms of sense of coherence and spirituality in a higher education institution in South Africa. Themes from the interview data provide key insights on three subcomponents of sense of coherence: manageability, comprehensibility, and meaningfulness. Spirituality furthermore emerged as constructed in inner-connectedness, trans-personality, and a coping resource in the work context. Meaningfulness emerged as central to the life-orientation and spirituality of women leaders in higher education. Finally, a core theoretical idea is presented in proposing an integrated psycho-spiritual perspective, with meaningfulness as central, grounded in a motivational and relational orientation, and facilitating the potential well-being of women leaders in higher education institutions. Recommendations are made for future research and to inform leadership development and well-being interventions targeting women in higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude-Hélène Mayer
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa
- Institut für Therapeutische Kommunikation, Europa-Universität Viadrina, Germany
| | | | - Antoni Barnard
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, South Africa
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11
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Wissing MP, Khumalo IP, Chigeza SC. Meaning as perceived and experienced by an African student group. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2014.904101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marié P. Wissing
- Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University: Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa
| | - Itumeleng P. Khumalo
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University: Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Shingairai C. Chigeza
- Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University: Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa
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12
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Delle Fave A, Soosai-Nathan L. Meaning as inter-connectedness: theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2014.904090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Khumalo IP, Wissing MP, Schutte L. Presence of meaning and search for meaning as mediators between spirituality and psychological well-being in a South African sample. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2014.904095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itumeleng P. Khumalo
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University: Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Marié P. Wissing
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University: Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa
| | - Lusilda Schutte
- Statistical Consultation Services, North-West University: Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa
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Honiball G, Geldenhuys D, Mayer CH. Acknowledging others as 'whole beings'. Managers' perceptions of spirituality and health in the South African workplace. Int Rev Psychiatry 2014; 26:289-301. [PMID: 24953148 DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2014.881331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the concept of spirituality within selected South African managerial work contexts. The aim of the study was to determine managers' perceptions of spirituality and health-related aspects in various South African workplaces. A phenomenological research paradigm was used, applying an in-depth qualitative research approach. The sample consisted of 12 senior managers from different organizations, including, for example, an international healthcare provider, an international auditing and consulting firm, a manufacturer of paint supplies and decorations and an ecclesiastical organization. Research methods included semi-structured interviews and observation. Data was analysed through content analysis, identifying themes, categories and codes. The findings indicate that spirituality promotes the development of health-related aspects of individuals, such as self-awareness, inner peace and the management of stress and depression. Managers emphasize that spirituality also has an impact on managing teams and teamwork, engaging in competitive behaviour, encouraging honesty and reducing selfishness. Based on the findings, a conclusion is given and practical as well as scientific recommendations are emphasized. In love lies the seed of our growth. The more we love, the closer we are to the spiritual experience. (Paulo Coelho, 1994).
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Affiliation(s)
- George Honiball
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology , Unisa, Pretoria , South Africa
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15
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Mayer CH, Viviers R. 'I still believe...' Reconstructing spirituality, culture and mental health across cultural divides. Int Rev Psychiatry 2014; 26:265-78. [PMID: 24953146 DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2013.866076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Whilst striving to create a balanced and healthy life, individuals experience challenges across their life span. Spirituality can contribute to mental health and well-being, as can cultural constructs. In South Africa, apartheid categories are still vivid, which affect spiritual, cultural and racial mental constructs and impact on the mental health of individuals across cultural groups. This article focuses on the long-term development of spiritual and cultural concepts within a selected individual in Cape Town, South Africa, during 11 years of field work. It also explores the impact of spirituality and culture on the researcher-researched relationship. A mixed-method approach was used, including various qualitative methods of data collection as well as content analysis to analyse the data and intersubjective validation to interpret them. Findings show a strong intrapersonal interlinkage of spirituality, culture and mental health and the researcher-researched relationship having a strong impact on spiritual, cultural and mental health constructions. We are not human beings having a spiritual experience. We are spiritual beings having a human experience. (Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, 1976).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude-Hélène Mayer
- Department of Industrial and Organizational Psychology , Unisa, Pretoria , South Africa
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Mayer CH, Viviers R. 'Following the word of God': Empirical insights into managerial perceptions on spirituality, culture and health. Int Rev Psychiatry 2014; 26:302-14. [PMID: 24953149 DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2014.914473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This article focuses on managers in a selected South African organization and the connections they draw between mental health, culture and spirituality within the workplace. The aim is to gain a deeper understanding of the interrelationships in this complex and growing scientific discourse and to respond to the research question of how mental health, culture and spirituality are interrelated from a managerial perspective. The study follows an inductive single case study approach within the phenomenological paradigm. Qualitative research methods using in-depth interviews and observation were used. The sample comprised 27 managers within the international South African automotive organization. The findings show that not only culture, but also spirituality and religion in particular, influence mental health and well-being of managers at work. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude-Hélène Mayer
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, Unisa , Pretoria , South Africa
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Khumalo IP, Temane QM, Wissing MP. Well-Being in the Batswana Cultural Context: Constructs and Measures. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2011.10820456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Patel CJ, Naidoo S, Paruk Z. Psychometric Properties of the Religious Orientation Test (ROT) in a Sample of South African Students. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2013.10820609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Wissing JAB, Wissing MP, du Toit MM, Temane QM. Psychometric Properties of Various Scales Measuring Psychological Well-Being in a South African Context: The FORT 1 Project. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2008.10820230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Theron LC. “I have undergone some metamorphosis!” The Impact of REds on South African Educators Affected by the Hiv/Aids Pandemic. A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2008.10820169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Psychosocial Health: Disparities Between Urban and Rural Communities. CROSS-CULTURAL ADVANCEMENTS IN POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6368-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Fouché P, van Niekerk R. Academic Psychobiography in South Africa: Past, Present and Future. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/008124631004000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Our aim is to highlight the past, present and future state of affairs of South African psychobiography. Particular attention is given to the trends and the challenges faced by academic psycho-biographers in South Africa. Over the past decade psychobiography has evolved into an established research genre and has become a methodology used by various academics and post-graduate research scholars at South African universities. Psychobiography entails the study of historically significant and extraordinary individuals over their entire life spans with the aim to uncover and reconstruct their lives psychologically. These longitudinal case studies include the psychological study of personalities in diverse occupational fields such as architecture, arts and literature, business and entrepreneur-ship, politics, religion and spirituality, sport, science, as well as the popular biographies of celebrities. Psycho-biographical studies in South Africa have been nurtured in the departments of psychology at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Rhodes University, the University of Johannesburg, and the University of the Free State. Most of these biographical studies have been completed as postgraduate r research endeavours in master's and doctoral degree programmes in psychology where academic staff have initiated and grown psychobiography as a strategic research focus area within their faculties. Psycho-biographical research has considerable logistical and administrative value for postgraduate research and the supervision process, and is also of academic benefit to the theoretical development of South African psychology. In South Africa an array of exemplary personalities constitute a ‘hall of fame’. Their legendary lives are ideal case studies which may be used to develop and/or refute aspects of psychological theory and its applicability to human development over the span of an individual's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Fouché
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Roelf van Niekerk
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein
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de Klerk JJ, Boshoff AB, van Wyk R. Measuring Meaning in Life in South Africa: Validation of an Instrument Developed in the USA. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/008124630903900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Investigations into the construct of meaning in life is an important focus area of psychological research. Research has consistently shown a sense of meaning in life to be a significant correlate of mental health and well-being. Most of this research on meaning in life is conducted worldwide with instruments developed in North America. However, inter-cultural measurement of psychological constructs is a concern, as psychometric instruments in one culture are not necessarily transferable to different cultures. In this case study, we examine whether the Life Regard Index (LRI), developed in the USA and a popular scale for measuring meaning in life, is transferable to a sample from South Africa. The results confirm the construct validity of the LRI, but indicate that the LRI's factor structure has changed and two of the original 28 items were not part of the covariance structure. From these results, we conclude that the LRI is transferable to the South African sample, but not irrespectively and without adjustments. It should be used as a one-dimensional instrument with only 26 items before applying it to the South African sample. The study provides evidence that LRI, which was developed in the USA and became a popular instrument for measuring meaning in life, cannot be transferred indiscriminately to a South African sample. This insight contributes to the quality of future research studies in South Africa, not only on the important aspect of life meaning, but also when applying other psychometric instruments developed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias J. de Klerk
- University of the Free State, Bloemfontein and Sasol, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Patel CJ, Ramgoon S, Paruk Z. Exploring Religion, Race and Gender as Factors in the Life Satisfaction and Religiosity of Young South African Adults. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/008124630903900302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We explored differences in religious and existential well-being, religiosity, and life satisfaction among university students across religion, race, and gender, by using an adapted version of the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), the Religious Orientation Test (ROT), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). A convenience sample of 235 students participated in the study. The females ( n = 188) reported significantly higher levels of religiosity and religious well-being than the males ( n = 47). The white students (n = 43) were found to have lower religiosity levels than their black ( n = 59) and Indian ( n = 133) counterparts and higher life satisfaction scores than the black students. In the Indian sub-sample, the Muslim ( n = 24) as well as the Christian ( n = 29) students had higher levels of religiosity than the Hindu ( n = 80) students. The Christian (Indian) students had significantly higher religious well-being scores than the Hindu (Indian) students. In line with past research, the correlations between life satisfaction, religiosity, and religious well-being were significant. As scores on the SWLS increased, levels of religiosity and religious well-being also increased. The implications of the findings and the limitations of the study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J. Patel
- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sarojini Ramgoon
- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Zubeda Paruk
- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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