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Paquet A, Girard M, Passerieux C, Boule MC, Lacroix A, Sazerat P, Olliac B, Nubukpo P. The body interior in anorexia nervosa: from interoception to conceptual representation of body interior. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1389463. [PMID: 38979073 PMCID: PMC11229774 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1389463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Body image disorders are well documented in anorexia nervosa (AN); however, knowledge of interoceptive awareness (IA) in this population remains poor. This descriptive study investigated whether and how the representation of the interior of the body may have an impact on IA. Methods The representations and knowledge of the body interior were evaluated with a drawing task in 34 women with AN and 34 healthy controls (HCs). A lexicometric analysis was performed on the vocabulary used to describe the drawn body parts in a structured interview. It was assumed that the conceptual representation of the body interior could be affected by or influence IA. Thus, the relationship between IA, measured with the heartbeat task and the ischemia-induction test, and the drawings was explored. Other scales, such as those of body shape, awareness or satisfaction, were used to assess affective representations of the body. Results The drawing, lexicometric and IA results were similar in the two groups. No correlations were found among IA, body representation scores and representation level of body interior. Only the representation of bones by the AN group was significantly different. Discussion Increased visual attention to the skeleton or greater awareness of bone health could explain the stronger representation of bones in the AN group. The psychophysical therapy received by some AN participants (73%) did not seem to have influenced IA. Our results do not support a relationship between IA and the representation of the body interior.Clinical trial registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT03988218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Paquet
- Department of Research and Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 EpiMACT, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France
- University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France
| | - Murielle Girard
- Department of Research and Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 EpiMACT, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France
| | - Céline Passerieux
- University Hospital Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boule
- University Hospital Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Aurélie Lacroix
- Department of Research and Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 EpiMACT, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France
| | - Pierre Sazerat
- University Hospital Department of Addictology, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Bertrand Olliac
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 EpiMACT, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France
- University Hospital Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Nubukpo
- Department of Research and Innovation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
- INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 EpiMACT, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France
- University Hospital Department of Addictology, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
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Paquet A, Plansont B, Girard M. Painful Life Events in Psychiatric Disorders: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:781-789. [PMID: 31135256 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1591546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We reported in a previous study the painful events experienced in the past in subjects with schizophrenia or major depression, in comparison to controls, and related them to the experimental pain sensitivity, anxiety, and the diagnosis. We present here the detailed analysis of these past painful events, with the aim of determining whether schizophrenic, depressive and control groups are qualitatively (type of painful events experienced, emotional or sensory components associated with pain) and quantitatively (duration, severity, and intensity) comparable concerning their past painful experiences. The questionnaire used relies on memory and feelings and will provide an indication about the way pain is experienced and memorized in daily life. The reported history of pain was not the same in the three groups. Depressed subjects differed from the others by the number of reported painful events. Painful events of everyday life, such as trauma without fracture and wounds, were the most highly reported painful events for all groups. Surprisingly, the daily pain events are associated to affective component of pain perception. Other kinds of event were differently reported between the groups. Experience of pain appears to be memorized and reported differently depending on the psychiatric disorder and type of event. The characteristics of each individual, their previous experience, contribute to the expression of psychiatric disorders, including in the field of pain. Past pain experience should be taken into account when attending someone for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Paquet
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Limoges , France
| | - Brigitte Plansont
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Limoges , France
| | - Murielle Girard
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Limoges , France
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García-Blanco A, González-Valls P, Iranzo-Tatay C, Rojo-Moreno L, Sierra P, Livianos L. Hypoesthesia in generalised anxiety disorder and major depression disorder. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2018; 22:310-313. [PMID: 29320917 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2017.1417441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The determination of soft signs can be a conducive practice to understand the differential etiology between depression and anxiety. This study aims at examining malleolar hypoesthesia role in distinguishing between patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depression disorder (MDD). Methods: This study examines the presence of malleolar hypoesthesia in patients with GAD (n = 47) compared to patients with MDD (n = 48) and healthy individuals (controls; n = 99). The Wartenberg wheel, a medical device for neurological use, was employed to determine the presence of hypoesthesia on both sides of the ankles. Results: The data revealed: i) MDD patients showed higher hypoesthesia than GAD patients (p = .008), ii) participants with hypoesthesia had higher anxiety and depression scores than participants without hypoesthesia (all p < .001) and iii) logistic regression model indicated that hypoesthesia can be a predictor of MDD relative to GAD diagnosis (Odds Ratio: 17.43 (1.40-217.09; p = .026)). Conclusions: Malleolar hypoesthesia was higher in MDD than GAD. The detection of hypoesthesia may help to investigate the differential etiology between MDD and GAD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana García-Blanco
- a Health Research Institute La Fe , Valencia , Spain.,b Department of Personality , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Rojo-Moreno
- a Health Research Institute La Fe , Valencia , Spain.,c Department of Medicine , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain.,d CIBERESP , Valencia , Spain
| | - Pilar Sierra
- a Health Research Institute La Fe , Valencia , Spain.,c Department of Medicine , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Lorenzo Livianos
- a Health Research Institute La Fe , Valencia , Spain.,c Department of Medicine , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain.,d CIBERESP , Valencia , Spain
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Paquet A, Plansont B, Labrunie A, Malauzat D, Girard M. Past Pain Experience and Experimentally induced Pain Perception. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2017; 38:1013-1021. [PMID: 28766994 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1354103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Many intercurrent factors may be involved in the modulation of the pain message and its expression, such as the previous experience of pain built along the life. In this study, we aimed to determine whether susceptibility to experimentally induced pain is differentially influenced by the individual previous painful experience in subjects with schizophrenia (SC) major depression (MD), and controls (C). METHODS The SC (30), MD (32) and C (30) groups participated in experimental pain tests (application of pressure and induction of ischemia) after a semi-structured interview to make an inventory of the previous painful experiences, and the evaluation of anxiety either with autonomic (heart rate, blood pressure) or psychological (Hospital Anxiety Depression scale HAD) measures, and catastrophism. RESULTS The reported pain intensities, severities, duration, of the previous pain events, and the number of previous painful events were equivalent in the three groups, except for the number of painful events experimented before the last six months which was lower in the MD group. Experimental pain sensitivity was influenced by the diagnosis, the HAD scores or the number and intensities of previous lived painful events. CONCLUSION The lack of a past experience of pain was comparable for the different groups, suggesting that psychiatric disorders do not affect the experience of pain associated with daily life or past events. For each subject, the reported previous experience of pain influences the present feeling of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Paquet
- a Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Centre Hospitalier Esquirol , Limoges , France
| | - Brigitte Plansont
- a Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Centre Hospitalier Esquirol , Limoges , France
| | - Anaïs Labrunie
- b INSERM, U1094 , Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale , Limoges , France ; CHU Limoges , Centre d'Epidémiologie, de Biostatistique et de Méthodologie de la Recherche , Limoges , France
| | - Dominique Malauzat
- a Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Centre Hospitalier Esquirol , Limoges , France
| | - Murielle Girard
- a Unité de recherche et de neurostimulation , Centre Hospitalier Esquirol , Limoges , France
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