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Yang J, Zhou C, Li H. Effects of lifestyle and its interaction with anemia on cognitive function in older adults: A longitudinal study. Psych J 2024; 13:242-251. [PMID: 38105563 PMCID: PMC10990814 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the impact of lifestyle factors on cognitive function in older adults is critical for developing intervention strategies to achieve successful aging. Moreover, older adults who fulfill the World Health Organization criteria for anemia have a significantly higher risk of developing dementia. In the current study, we aimed to assess the buffering effects of lifestyle on cognitive function in older Chinese adults through a nationally representative survey. The sample consisted of 1201 participants (mean age: 82.39 ± 12.08 years, 52.1% female) from the 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between changes in lifestyle factors and the rate of cognitive function changes, as well as the effects of the interaction between lifestyle factors and anemia on cognitive function changes. Increased levels of participation in leisure activities, social activities, and dietary diversity delayed cognitive decline. Persistent anemia accelerated cognitive decline, while frequent participation in leisure activities delayed cognitive decline due to anemia. The increased levels of participation in leisure activities, social activities, and dietary diversity can alleviate the cognitive decline caused by aging itself, and more frequently participation in leisure activities can also alleviate the adverse effects of anemia on cognitive function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral ScienceInstitute of PsychologyBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural HistoryHangzhouChina
| | - Chen Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral ScienceInstitute of PsychologyBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hui‐Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral ScienceInstitute of PsychologyBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Navarra GA, Tabacchi G, Scardina A, Agnese M, Thomas E, Bianco A, Palma A, Bellafiore M. Functional fitness, lifestyle and demographic factors as predictors of perceived physical and mental health in older adults: A structural equation model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290258. [PMID: 37672501 PMCID: PMC10482288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 50 years, socioeconomic development has brought a reduction in birth rates, an increase in life expectancy and consequently in the elderly population. For this reason, there has been an increasing focus on physical and mental health of the elderly, promoting the concept of healthy aging. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between perceived physical and mental health of older adults and a variety of determinants, such as demographic factors, physical functional fitness, physical activity level, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and anthropometric indices, through a structural equation modeling (SEM). A cross-sectional observational study involved 208 elderly (24 men and 184 women) over the age of 60, fully independent and autonomous. Perceived physical and mental health were assessed with the Short Form 12 questionnaire. Basic sociodemographic information was collected; anthropometric features were directly measured, functional fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Test, and physical activity level was determined through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) was also collected through the MEDAS questionnaire. The SEM analysis revealed that functional fitness, which was a latent variable of the model described by the six administered fitness tests, was a strong predictor both of perceived physical and perceived mental health in the sample of elderly. Physical activity level was as predictor of the perceived physical component, but not of the mental health, while score of metabolic equivalent task did not result a predictor, as well as the sociodemographic factors and adherence to MD. The present findings suggest that it would be strongly recommended for elderly subjects to engage in physical activity specifically targeted to aged populations, in order to enhance their fitness abilities and enable them to improve the perception of their own health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Angelo Navarra
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Garden Tabacchi
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Scardina
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Agnese
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Bellafiore
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Magnante AT, Ord AS, Holland JA, Sautter SW. Neurocognitive functioning of patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35931087 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder commonly associated with motor deficits. However, cognitive impairment is also common in patients with PD. Cognitive concerns in PD may affect multiple domains of neurocognition and vary across different stages of the disease. Extant research has focused mainly on cognitive deficits in middle to late stages of PD, whereas few studies have examined the unique cognitive profiles of patients with early-stage PD. This study addressed this gap in the published literature and examined neurocognitive functioning and functional capacity of patients with de novo PD, focusing on the unique pattern of cognitive deficits specific to the early stage of the disease. Results indicated that the pattern of cognitive deficits in patients with PD (n = 55; mean age = 72.93) was significantly different from healthy controls (n = 59; mean age = 71.88). Specifically, tasks related to executive functioning, attention, and verbal memory demonstrated the most pronounced deficits in patients with early-stage PD. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Theresa Magnante
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Anna Shirokova Ord
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Jamie A Holland
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Scott W Sautter
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
- Hampton Roads Neuropsychology Inc., Virginia Beach, VA, USA
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