Fernander A, Moorman G, Azuoru M. Race-related stress and smoking among pregnant African-American women.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010;
89:558-564. [PMID:
20078254 DOI:
10.3109/00016340903508676]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To examine the association between the psychosocial construct of race-related stress and smoking among pregnant African-American women.
DESIGN
Inferential statistical analyses were performed.
SETTING
Participants were recruited primarily at a medical clinic as well as through word-of-mouth consistent with the snowball sampling technique.
POPULATION
Seventy pregnant self-identified African-American women (32 smokers and 38 non-smokers) 18 years or older participated in the study.
METHODS
Participants completed self-report measures of the Index of Race-Related Stress and an investigator-developed demographic and smoking questionnaire.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Smoking status of each participant was established through self-report.
RESULTS
Significant associations were found between the smoking status of pregnant African-American women and the frequency and perceptions of overall race-related stress (p < 0.03 and 0.02, respectively), the frequency and perceptions of both individual and cultural race-related stress (p < 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.03, respectively). No associations were found between institutional race-related stress and smoking status.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that integrating race-related stress relieving and coping activities into smoking cessation intervention programs for pregnant African-American women may reduce smoking and subsequent smoking-related reproductive health disparities in the population.
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