1
|
Martin F, Ferrey A, Hobbs L, Lascelles K, van Even S, Oliver T. Understanding the impact of children's and young people's self-harm on parental well-being: a systematic literature review of qualitative and quantitative findings. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024. [PMID: 38362819 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm in children and young people is increasing. Parents are vital in supporting young people; however, parents may experience distress linked to the self-harm. Previous reviews have highlighted the emotional impact and need for information and support, however, have not elucidated the relationships between these themes, nor examined the quantitative data examining parents' well-being. METHODS We conducted a mixed methods review, with qualitative meta-synthesis focusing on links between themes and quantitative synthesis of parental well-being findings, including pooled means. PsycInfo, Medline, EMBASE, AMED, CINHAL and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant records. References of included studies were also searched. Every abstract was screened by two authors. Data were extracted by one author and checked by another. RESULTS We identified 39 reports of 32 studies: 16 with qualitative data and 17 with quantitative data (one had both). Qualitative findings showed how parents' emotions were associated to their knowledge and beliefs about self-harm. Parents' emotions often evidenced the need to self-care, but emotions of guilt reduced engagement in self-care. How parents supported their young person was linked to their knowledge, and the management of their own emotions, and influenced if they could engage in self-care. Quantitative findings were mixed, however suggested poor general mental health amongst these parents. CONCLUSIONS Further good quality quantitative studies are needed, with measurement of psychological mechanisms that may underpin parental distress. Current evidence supports peer-support and interventions that go beyond information provision to address the connected factors of knowledge, emotion, self-care, and parenting behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith Martin
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anne Ferrey
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Hobbs
- School of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Thomas Oliver
- School of Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kuhlemeier A, Shattuck D, Willging C, Ramos MM. Associations Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and School-Based Health-Promotive Factors for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth and Their Peers. LGBT Health 2023; 10:617-628. [PMID: 37358568 PMCID: PMC10734899 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify associations between school-based, health-promotive factors and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) for sexual and gender minority youth and their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Methods: Using data from the 2019 New Mexico Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (N = 17,811) and multilevel logistic regression to account for school-based clustering, we compared the effect of four school-based health-promotive factors on NSSI for stratified samples of lesbian/gay, bisexual, and gender-diverse (hereafter, gender minority [GM]) youth. Interactions were examined to evaluate the impact of school-based factors on NSSI for lesbian/gay, bisexual, (compared with heterosexual) and GM (compared with cisgender) youth. Results: Stratified analyses showed that three school-based factors (adult at school who listens, adult at school who believes they will be successful, clear school rules) were associated with lower odds of reporting NSSI for lesbian/gay and bisexual youth, but not GM youth. Interaction effects showed that lesbian/gay youth demonstrated greater reductions in odds of NSSI when reporting school-based supports compared with heterosexual youth. Associations between school-based factors and NSSI were not significantly different for bisexual compared with heterosexual youth. GM youth appear to experience no health-promotive effect on NSSI of school-based factors. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the potential of schools to provide supportive resources that reduce the odds of NSSI for most youth (i.e., heterosexual and bisexual youth), but are particularly effective in reducing NSSI among lesbian/gay youth. However, more study is needed to understand the potential impact of school-based health-promotive factors on NSSI for GM youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Kuhlemeier
- Southwest Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Daniel Shattuck
- Southwest Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Cathleen Willging
- Southwest Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Mary M. Ramos
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meinhardt I, Cargo T, Te Maro B, Bowden L, Fortune S, Cuthbert S, James S, Cook R, Papalii T, Kapa-Kingi K, Kapa-Kingi M, Prescott A, Hetrick SE. Development of guidelines for school staff on supporting students who self-harm: a Delphi study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:631. [PMID: 36175876 PMCID: PMC9520113 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-harm is a major public health issue that significantly impacts communities, making early intervention and prevention paramount in addressing this public health issue. This study aimed to develop evidence-based, culturally responsive, safe, and practical guidelines to assist school staff in effectively supporting students who self-harm. METHODS This Delphi study comprised of a five-step process, oversighted by a Rōpū Mātanga Māori (Māori clinical and cultural governance group), and drawing on the expertise and knowledge gained from existing literature, interviews with stakeholders, and two panels of experts (youth and stakeholders). The Rōpū Mātanga Māori ensured accountability to the principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Treaty of Waitangi) and kept Māori processes central to the research aims. The panels completed two rounds of questionnaires, rating their endorsement of each statement. Statements rated as important or essential by 80% or more of both panels and Māori participants were included in the final guidelines. The Rōpū Mātanga Māori reviewed any remaining statements to determine inclusion. RESULTS Following the five-step process, 305 statements were included in the guidelines. These statements provided guiding actions that endorsed communication, collaborative responsibility, and wellbeing and a student-centred approach. CONCLUSION The guidelines provide guidance to all school staff that is culturally responsive and safe, consensus-based, and evidence-based. It is informed by the voices and experiences of young people and those who support them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inge Meinhardt
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Building 302, Level 2, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland Central, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Tania Cargo
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Building 302, Level 2, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland Central, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,A Better Start, E Tipu E Rea (Grant Number 15-02688), National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben Te Maro
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,Clinical Advisory Services Aotearoa, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Linda Bowden
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,Clinical Advisory Services Aotearoa, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Fortune
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Social and Community Health, Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.29980.3a0000 0004 1936 7830Department of Psychological Medicine, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sasha Cuthbert
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susanna James
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.5491.90000 0004 1936 9297School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Riley Cook
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tania Papalii
- grid.507908.30000 0000 8750 5335Northland District Health Board, Whangarei, New Zealand
| | - Korotangi Kapa-Kingi
- grid.507908.30000 0000 8750 5335Northland District Health Board, Whangarei, New Zealand
| | | | - Annabelle Prescott
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Elisabeth Hetrick
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,A Better Start, E Tipu E Rea (Grant Number 15-02688), National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meng L, Qu D, Bu H, Huo L, Qi L, Yang J, Zheng T, Du X, He K, Wang Y, Zhou Y. The Psychosocial Correlates of Non-suicidal Self-Injury Within a Sample of Adolescents With Mood Disorder. Front Public Health 2022; 10:768400. [PMID: 35273935 PMCID: PMC8902037 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.768400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background According to the integrated theoretical model, adolescents' behaviors were the outcome of the complex interplay between multiple levels. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious and high prevalent problem among adolescents with mood disorders. However, a systematic perspective on psychosocial correlates among Chinese clinical adolescents is still rare. Method The impact of several factors at the individual (i.e., sex, age, self-esteem, and psychological distress), family (i.e., family structure, family income, and family support), and social level (i.e., living environment, peer support, and teacher support) on the frequency of NSSI behaviors were investigated in the current study. This research included 621 Chinese adolescents with mood disorders from 20 hospitals. Results Three-steps hierarchical regression analyses indicated that lower levels of psychological distress and higher levels of self-esteem were most associated with less frequency of NSSI behaviors. In addition, family support was negatively associated with the frequency of NSSI behaviors. After controlling the factors at individual and family levels, no significant association was found between the factors at the social level and the frequency of NSSI behaviors. Conclusion These findings provide preliminary support for the notion that adolescent self-esteem and family support may effectively shield them from problematic behavior; nevertheless, adolescents suffering from more emotional pain can be even riskier. Thus, further intervention strategies should consider the non-independence of individual capacities, co-combinatory effects of mood disorder, and family environment in treating those vulnerable Chinese adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diyang Qu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - He Bu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijuan Huo
- Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Qi
- School of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiezhi Yang
- Shenzhen Health Development Research Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Kangning Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Yanni Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Madjar N, Daka D, Zalsman G, Shoval G. Depression symptoms as a mediator between social support, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal ideation among Arab adolescents in Israel. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0143034321998741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to explore whether depression symptoms mediate the relationships between perceptions of social support from three sources; namely parents, teachers, and peers, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation. We also tested the interactions between the different sources of support. Focusing on the Arab-Israeli population is unique as it is an ethnic minority characterized with strong familial support, and less access to mental health services compared to the ethnic majority. Adolescents (N = 276; 65.6% girls; mean age 15.1 years) from the Arab minority in northern Israel were sampled (74% response rate). Participants were evaluated using validated scales assessing perceived social support, NSSI and suicidal ideation. Path analysis with Bayesian estimation supported the hypothesized model. Depression symptoms fully mediated the relationships between school-related social support (i.e., teachers and peers) and NSSI, and partially between parents’ support and suicidal ideation. Interactions between the social support sources were not significant, and cluster analysis indicated that each source is independently essential to understand NSSI and suicide ideation. This model emphasizes the importance of school-related factors in adolescents’ particular aspects of mental health, and suggests that one source of social support may not compensate for a lack of another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Madjar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petakh Tikva, Israel
| | - Doaa Daka
- School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petakh Tikva, Israel
| | - Gil Zalsman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petakh Tikva, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petakh Tikva, Israel
| | - Gal Shoval
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petakh Tikva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Quarshie ENB, Waterman MG, House AO. Adolescents at risk of self-harm in Ghana: a qualitative interview study exploring the views and experiences of key adult informants. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:310. [PMID: 32546144 PMCID: PMC7298808 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Ghana, rates of self-harm in young people are as high as they are in high income countries. Self-reported interpersonal, familial and societal stressors form the most important background, and self-harm is seen by young people as a way of responding to that stress. In the present study, we obtained the views of key adult informants about self-harm among adolescents in Ghana - what they thought as possible reasons for self-harm in young people and what actions might be needed at an individual or population level to respond to the problem. METHODS We interviewed face-to-face 11 adults, using a semi-structured interview guide. We used an experiential thematic analysis technique to analyse the transcribed interviews. RESULTS The analysis identified five themes: "underestimating the prevalence of self-harm in adolescents", "life on the streets makes self-harm less likely", "self-harm in adolescents is socially and psychologically understandable", "ambivalence about responding to adolescent self-harm", and "few immediate opportunities for self-harm prevention in Ghana". Adolescent self-harm was acknowledged but its scale was underestimated. The participants offered explanations for adolescent self-harm in social and psychological terms that are recognisable from accounts in high income countries. Low rates among street-connected young people were explained by their overarching orientation for survival. Participants agreed that identification was important, but they expressed a sense of inadequacy in identifying and supporting adolescents at risk of self-harm. Again, the participants agreed that self-harm in adolescents should be prevented, but they recognised that relevant policies were not in place or if there were policies they were not implemented - mental health and self-harm were not high on public or political priorities. CONCLUSIONS The adults we interviewed about young people who self-harm see themselves as having a role in identifying adolescents at risk of self-harm and see the organisations in which they work as having a role in responding to individual young people in need. These are encouraging findings that point to at least one strand of a policy in Ghana for addressing the problem of self-harm in young people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Allan O House
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Glennon SD, Viola SB, Blakely AO. Increasing school personnel's self‐efficacy, knowledge, and response regarding nonsuicidal self‐injury in youth. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara D. Glennon
- Department of Psychological ServicesCypress–Fairbanks Independent School DistrictHouston Texas
| | - Shannon B. Viola
- Department of Arts and SciencesUniversity of Houston‐VictoriaVictoria Texas
| | - Alane O. Blakely
- Department of Psychological ServicesCypress–Fairbanks Independent School DistrictHouston Texas
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gayfer BL, Mahdy JC, Lewis SP. Peer reactions to non-suicidal self-injury disclosures: a thematic analysis. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2018.1536647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|