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Hong SA, Simpson MC, Du EY, Ward GM. Epidemiology and Prognostic Indicators of Survival in Tongue Lymphoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:190-199. [PMID: 35373599 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221088175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymphoma, categorized as either non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma, is the second most common malignancy in the head and neck. Primary tongue lymphoma is exceedingly rare, with only case reports or small case series in the literature. This population-based analysis is the first to report the epidemiology and prognostic factors of survival in patients with primary tongue lymphoma. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database from the National Cancer Institute was queried for patients diagnosed between the years 2000 and 2016 with tongue lymphoma. Outcomes of interest were overall and disease-specific survival. Independent variables included age at diagnosis, sex, race, marital status, primary subsite, histologic subtype, stage, and treatment type. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Seven hundred forty patients met criteria; the male-female ratio was 1.5:1 and the mean age at diagnosis was 67.8 years. The majority of lesions localized to the base of tongue (90.0%), were histologically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (59.5%), and presented at stage I or II (77.9%). Most early-stage lymphomas were treated with chemotherapy only (40.5%) or a combination of both chemotherapy and radiation (31.3%), while late-stage cancers were primarily treated with chemotherapy alone (68.5%). In multivariate analysis, younger age at diagnosis, female sex, married/partnered marital status, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue histologic subtype, and earlier cancer stage were found to be associated with improved survival. Chemotherapy treatment with or without radiation was also associated with better survival compared to no treatment or radiation alone, though data regarding immunotherapy was unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew C Simpson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Y Du
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory M Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Ren X, Cheng Y, Wu S, Zeng X, Shi X, Ling Q, Li Z, Liang Z, Wang B. Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the tongue base: the clinicopathology of seven cases and evaluation of HPV and EBV status. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:30. [PMID: 32238190 PMCID: PMC7110811 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-00936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) primarily derived from the base of the tongue, is rare. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are important aetiological risk factors for tumours of the head and neck. This study describes the clinicopathological features of NHL in the tongue base and the status of HPV and EBV in these cases. Methods Seven cases were identified from the Pathological Registry Database at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). The study utilized immunochemistry, in situ hybridization (ISH), and gene rearrangement to confirm the disease and and performed a clinical follow up for each case. Results All 7 lymphomas were localized at the base of the tongue. Six of the cases exhibited tongue base masses with smooth surface membranes. One case presented as multiple deep ulcers. The most common histologic subtype was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which occurred in five cases. The other two cases were mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS). One of the DLBCL cases was positive for HPV DNA and diffusely expressed P16 protein. During the follow up period, the MCL patient and an elderly DLBCL patient died. The remaining five patients were alive through the end of follow up. Conclusions Most lymphomas of the tongue base manifest as an endogenous mass without membranous change. The most common subtype of NHLs of the tongue base is DLBCL, and the occurrence at this site may have a good prognosis. With proper therapy, even late stage tongue base lymphomas can be suppressed and remain in remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Ren
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Cheng
- Departments of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Shafei Wu
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Shi
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Zongzhu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongdan district Shuaifuyuan 1st, 100730, Beijing, China.
| | - Beverly Wang
- Department of Pathology and Otolaryngology, UC Irvine School of Medicine, UC Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, USA.
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Burkitt lymphoma presenting with fever of unknown origin and isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2019; 32:354-356. [PMID: 31425376 DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) continues to present a clinical conundrum for even expert practitioners. The syndrome of FUO has over 200 possible etiologies. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with only 1,200 US adult cases reported annually. Fever, night sweats, and weight loss, otherwise known as B symptoms, are common early symptoms of BL. Nerve palsy, especially isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy (IHNP), is rarely seen as a presenting sign in any pathological condition. A case report of FUO and IHNP as the presenting manifestations of BL is presented. The rarity of IHNP and its clinical features delayed the recognition of this syndrome and emphasizes the value of a thorough understanding of the physical examination and the association of unusual clinical findings with a readily identifiable clinical syndrome.
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Pierce WA, Hederman AD, Gordon CJ, Ostrenga AR, Herrington B. Angioedema associated with dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers in a child with Burkitt lymphoma. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2011; 68:402-6. [PMID: 21330681 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A case of severe macroglossia and angioedema in a child with Burkitt lymphoma who was treated with two dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers is reported. SUMMARY An eight-year-old white boy arrived at the pediatric emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and distention after an episode of mild abdominal trauma. Physical examination results were significant for diffuse abdominal tenderness and distention, with a large palpable mass in the right quadrants. Computed tomography revealed a large abdominal mass, and a biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma. Before initiation of chemotherapy, the child developed tumor lysis syndrome, with subsequent renal failure and cardiorespiratory compromise. Once the patient was stabilized and sedated on mechanical ventilation, tumor-directed chemotherapy was initiated, and rapid tumor regression ensued. To control episodes of hypertension, nicardipine was initiated and titrated to achieve the blood pressure goals. Three days after initiation of nicardipine therapy, the child developed facial swelling and significant, protruding macroglossia. Eight days after nicardipine initiation, a tracheotomy was required due to upper airway obstruction; at that time, the patient was converted to amlodipine administered via nasogastric tube for continued blood pressure control. The boy's macroglossia persisted for another 18 days, until a multi-disciplinary drug therapy review resulted in the discontinuation of amlodipine. Within one week of the withdrawal of amlodipine, the child's macroglossia was completely resolved. CONCLUSION An eight-year-old boy with Burkitt lymphoma developed severe macroglossia and angioedema when treated with nicardipine. The reaction persisted throughout treatment with amlodipine and resolved quickly after amlodipine was withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesly A Pierce
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina,Charleston, USA
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Terada T. Primary non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma of the tongue. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 49:e18-9. [PMID: 20947229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A 96-year-old woman was admitted with a mass in the tongue. Examination and imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) showed a mass (2cm×2cm×1.5cm) in the dorsal aspect of the tongue, which was biopsied. Histologically there was diffuse proliferation of large malignant lymphoid cells. Mitotic figures and apoptotic cells were scattered. Immunohistochemically, the atypical lymphoid cells stained for CD45, CD20, p53 protein, and KI-67 antigen (labelling=100%). In contrast, they did not stain for various cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, CD3, CD30, CD45RO, or TdT. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell carcinoma of the tongue. Systemic imaging studies showed no other tumours. There was no lymphadenopathy. The patient was given R-CHOP chemotherapy and radiation and the tumour disappeared. She is still free of symptoms 5 years after her initial presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Terada
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital, Miyakami 1231 Shimizu-Ku, Shizuoka 424-8636, Japan.
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Abstract
Malignant lymphomas represent approximately 5% of all malignant neoplasms of the head and neck area. They are classically divided into two subgroups, Hodgkin's lymphomas (HLs) and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). We describe the clinical characteristics of head and neck lymphomas and the methods to establish the diagnosis. The World Health Organization classification of lymphoid tissues describes more than 50 different histological types, and we analyse the most common staging system for lymphomas, the Ann Arbor staging system. Finally, the different therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zapater
- ENT Department, University General Hospital, Valencia Medical School, Valencia, Spain.
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