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Lechien JR, Maniaci A, Hans S, Iannella G, Fakhry N, Mayo-Yáñez M, Ayad T, Mannelli G, Chiesa-Estomba CM. Epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of young patients with laryngeal cancer: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:5741-5753. [PMID: 35652941 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of young patients with laryngeal cancer (LC). METHODS PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched by three researchers for studies investigating epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of patients with age < 40 years old and LC. The following outcomes were investigated with PRISMA criteria: age; ethnicity; gender; tobacco/alcohol habits; anatomical, pathological, therapeutic and survival features. Authors performed a bias analysis of papers and provided recommendations for future studies. RESULTS Seventeen papers published between 1982 and 2021 met our inclusion criteria, accounting for 928 patients with age < 40 years (female/male ratio: 2:5). There were on average 54.2 and 45.8% of smokers and drinkers. The tumor location mainly consisted of glottis (70.1%), supraglottis (27.7%) and subglottis (2.2%). Radiation therapy was the main therapeutic strategy used in young adults with LC. The 2-year overall survival ranged from 50 to 100% and depended on tumor stage, treatment, and cohort features. Four studies reported better overall survival in young compared with old adults, while there were no significant differences in three studies. There was an important heterogeneity between studies regarding the inclusion/exclusion criteria, epidemiological, clinical, pathological and treatment. CONCLUSION It was suggested that young patients with LC had lower proportion of smokers and drinkers and better overall survival compared with older but both data of the current literature and heterogeneity between studies limit us to draw definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme R Lechien
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Elsan Hospital, Paris, France. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France. .,Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F Ingrassia, ENT Section, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Hans
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Via Carlo Forlanini, 34, 47121, Forli, Italy.,Department of 'Organi di Senso', University "Sapienza", Viale dell'Università, 33, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, APHM, Aix Marseille University, La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yáñez
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tareck Ayad
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Giuditta Mannelli
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, AOU-Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- Laryngeal and Head and Neck Surgery Study Groups of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
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Laryngeal cancers in paediatric and young adult patients: epidemiology, biology and treatment. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 30:145-153. [PMID: 34740227 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of thi study was to review the recent literature on epidemiology, biology and treatment of laryngeal cancer in paediatric and young adult patients. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies reported that 2-10% of patients with laryngeal cancer are younger than 40-year-old, while the prevalence of laryngeal cancer remains unknown in the paediatric population. The development of laryngeal cancer in young adults is multifactorial and may be linked to common carcinogens (tobacco and alcohol), occupational factors, laryngopharyngeal reflux, immunosuppression, human papillomavirus infection and genetic polymorphism. A substantial number of cohort studies reported a significant lower proportion of drinkers and smokers in young populations with laryngeal cancer, supporting the higher prevalence of chromosomal losses or abnormalities predisposing to cancer in this group. The development of laryngeal cancer in paediatric patients is strongly associated with genetic syndromes with DNA repair abnormalities. The pathological, clinical and survival outcome differences between young and old patient groups vary significantly between studies, depending on epidemiological, genetic features and therapeutic strategies used. SUMMARY Paediatric and adult populations with laryngeal cancer present different clinical, pathological and survival outcomes. In the adult population, the patient age at the time of disease development underlies genetic and etiological differences with different mutation patterns between young and old patients, the latter being more frequently individuals with a history of tobacco and alcohol abuse. The differences between age groups regarding stage of cancer at initial presentation, as well as clinical and survival outcomes, are unclear, which may be due to demographic, ethnicity and population genetic differences.
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3
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Li R, Yu S, Zhu W, Wang S, Yan L. Studying the impact of young age on prognosis and treatment in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas using the SEER database. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7368. [PMID: 31380154 PMCID: PMC6661153 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in young patients was reported to be more aggressive and associated with poorer survival than in older patients. However, very few studies contained sufficient cases to permit meaningful statistical analysis. It is still unknown whether less aggressive method like radical radiotherapy (RT) is comparable to total laryngectomy (TL) in survival rate among young patients. Methods This study extracted patient data from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database from 2004 to 2015. The findings for 304 patients (1.2%) below the age of 40 were compared with those for 24,827 patients (98.8%) aged 40 or older. Results The younger cohorts contained a higher proportion of female patients (33.6% vs. 19.1%, respectively), had more cases of glottic involvement (64.5% vs. 53.1%), and were less likely to have distant metastasis (0.7% vs.3.2%). A total of 5-year overall survival and cancer-specific survival rates (CSS) in the younger patients were 86.3% and 88.8%, respectively, significantly better than for older patients (53.8% and 67.6%). Significant differences were still observed when stratified for tumor stage (stage I-IV). The negative independent prognostic factors in younger patients were advanced tumor stage, degree of nodal involvement, and status of distant metastasis. Treatment with surgery and/or RT all produced excellent outcomes in stage I-IV diseases, and radical RT resulted in survival rates equal to those for TL in locally advanced LSCC among young patients (5-year CSS: 90% vs. 91.5%, p = 0.99). Conclusion LSCC is less aggressive and has significantly better survival in younger patients. For younger patients, advanced nodal involvement is the most important independent prognostic factor, and larynx preservation is comparable to TL in survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shitong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjia Zhu
- Department of E.N.T, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Silén S, Haapaniemi A, Dickinson A, Rönn K, Mäkitie A. Presentation of second primary cancers in young laryngeal carcinoma patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2019; 139:85-89. [PMID: 30712430 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2018.1527037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is rare in the young. OBJECTIVES We characterized the clinical behavior of LSCC and assessed the presentation of second primary tumors (SPCs) in this patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) were used to identify an epidemiological series of LSCC patients diagnosed at the age of 40 years or under, during 1953-2012 in Finland. Data regarding primary treatment, survival, and SPCs were available. To further characterize the comorbidity and lifestyle factors of young patients with LSCC, institutional data were collected of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital during 1967-2012. RESULTS We identified 151 patients, with a mean follow-up of 252 months. The 10-year overall survival (OS) was 75% and the disease-specific survival was 84%. SPCs were diagnosed in 26% (n = 39), with a median delay of 28 years. Of the 35 patients in the institutional series from Helsinki, 22 (63%) were current or former smokers. LSCC recurred in 28% of patients. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The delay to SPCs in young patients was significantly longer compared with the general LSCC population. As factors underlying this phenomenon cannot be identified by this retrospective study, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Silén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amy Dickinson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karin Rönn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nachalon Y, Alkan U, Shvero J, Yaniv D, Shkedy Y, Limon D, Popovtzer A. Assessment of laryngeal cancer in patients younger than 40 years. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:1602-1605. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.26951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Nachalon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Uri Alkan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Jacob Shvero
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Dan Yaniv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Yotam Shkedy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Dror Limon
- Davidoff Cancer Center; Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital; Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Davidoff Cancer Center; Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital; Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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6
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D'Souza AM, Mark J, Demarcantonio M, Leino D, Sisson R, Geller JI. Pediatric laryngeal carcinoma in a heterozygous carrier of Fanconi anemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28139070 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A case of invasive, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in an 8-year-old female treated with laryngectomy is presented. Perinatal exposure to human papilloma virus and constitutional heterozygosity for a FANCC mutation were identified, though FANCC heterozygosity is not known to be cancer predisposing. An additional tumor-associated mutation in NOTCH1 was also identified potentially contributing to oncogenesis. This case illustrates an exceedingly rare type of cancer in the pediatric population and discusses diagnostic workup, evaluation of risk factors for head and neck cancer, and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M D'Souza
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J Mark
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - M Demarcantonio
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - D Leino
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R Sisson
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J I Geller
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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7
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Nachalon Y, Cohen O, Alkan U, Shvero J, Popovtzer A. Characteristics and outcome of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in young adults. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1393-1397. [PMID: 28454267 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma rarely occurs in the young adult population. Therefore, the optimal treatment for this age group is unclear, specifically regarding organ preservation treatment. In order to assess the distinct characteristics of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in young adults and describe the effect of treatment on survival, a retrospective chart review of all patients aged <40 years, who were treated in a tertiary referral center for laryngeal SCC between January 1960 and December 2013, was performed. Patients who were treated prior to and following the Veterans study, representing an arbitrary point which started the organ preservation era, were compared. A total of 29 patients (male:female ratio, 2.6:1) were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 35±5 years and 17 patients (59%) were smokers. In total, 12 (41%) of patients were stage I, 4 (14%) were stage II, 8 (28%) were stage III and 5 (17%) were stage IV. Glottic tumors were present in 20 (69%) of patients and supraglottic tumors in 6 (21%); the site of tumor origin could not be determined in 3 (10%) of patients. Surgery was performed in 11 (38%) of patients, radiation in 21 (72%) and chemotherapy in 5 (17%). A comparison between patients treated prior to and following the Veterans study demonstrated a 2-year higher laryngectomy-free survival rate of 53% and 78%, respectively (P=0.299). The 2-year disease-free survival rate was 93% for patients who were treated prior to the Veterans study and 71% for patients who were treated after (P=0.001), with no significant change in overall survival (P=0.413). The results suggest that the characteristics and behavior of laryngeal carcinoma in young adults is similar to older adults. Higher rates of 2-year laryngectomy-free survival were noted in patients treated following the organ preservation era with no significant difference in survival compared with patients who were treated before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Nachalon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel.,Department of Clinical Otolaryngology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ohad Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel.,Department of Clinical Otolaryngology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Uri Alkan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel.,Department of Clinical Otolaryngology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Jacob Shvero
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel.,Department of Clinical Otolaryngology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Department of Clinical Otolaryngology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.,Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel
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9
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Wang JL, Wang X, Yang D, Shi WJ. The Expression of MicroRNA-155 in Plasma and Tissue Is Matched in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:298-305. [PMID: 26847279 PMCID: PMC4740519 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.2.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor-associated microRNAs have been detected in cancer, though whether plasma microRNA-155 (miR-155) could be a potential biomarker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) prognosis is unclear. We aimed to determine how miR-155 can be used to predict the clinical characteristics of patients with LSCC and correctly diagnose them. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected tissue samples and peripheral blood samples before and after treatment from 280 LSCC cases and 560 controls. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR was employed in this study to compare the relative expression of miR-155. RESULTS A total of 280 LSCC patients and 560 age- and sex-matched controls were included in the study. The miR-155 level was more up-regulated in LSCC tissue than in the non-tumor tissues (13.6 ± 2.4 vs. 3.1 ± 0.80, p<0.001). Additionally, a significantly higher miR-155 level in plasma samples from LSCC patients than in those of the controls (8.9 ± 1.25 vs. 1.8 ± 0.8, p<0.001) was reported. Tissue miR-155 showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.933, with a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 89.2%. The AUC for plasma miR-155 was 0.757, with a sensitivity of 58.4% and a specificity of 69.5%. When early LSCC in TNM I stage was considered, tissue miR-155 showed an area under the curve of 0.804, with a sensitivity of 85.2% and a specificity of 87.3%. CONCLUSION The expression of tissue and plasma miR-155 were significantly up-regulated in patients with LSCC. Our work will serve as a basis for further investigation, preferably large-scale validation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ling Wang
- Department of Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Jie Shi
- Department of Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Dubal PM, Svider PF, Kanumuri VV, Patel AA, Baredes S, Eloy JA. Laryngeal chondrosarcoma: a population-based analysis. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:1877-81. [PMID: 24474667 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Laryngeal chondrosarcoma (LC) is a rare entity, reportedly comprising less than 1% of all laryngeal tumors. Consequently, the incidence and survival of patients with this slow-growing tumor has been difficult to study. Our objective was to evaluate incidence, organized by patient demographics, as well as long-term survival trends of this malignancy using a population-based database. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the United States National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. METHODS The SEER database was searched for patients diagnosed with LC between 1973 and 2010. Data analyzed included patient demographics, incidence, treatment modality, and survival. RESULTS One-hundred and forty-three cases were identified, representing 0.2% of all laryngeal tumors. Median age at diagnosis was 61.7 years. Men and women constituted 76.2% and 23.8% of patients, respectively. Tumors were locally invasive with 37.7% T4 disease and infrequent regional and distant metastases. The 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year disease-specific survival for LC was 96.5%, 88.6%, and 84.8%, respectively, compared to 88.3%, 68.2%, and 59.3%, respectively for patients with all other laryngeal tumors (P values < 0.01). Relative survival was 94.9% at 1 year, 88.5% at 5 years, and 88.4% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS This analysis represents the largest LC study sample to date, allowing for evaluation of incidence and long-term survival. LC occurs infrequently, is locally invasive, but only rarely metastasizes. Prognosis for LC is significantly better than for other laryngeal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariket M Dubal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
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11
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Mafi N, Kadivar M, Hosseini N, Ahmadi S, Zare-Mirzaie A. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Iranian Patients and Risk Factors in Young Adults: a Fifteen-Year Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:3373-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.7.3373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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12
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Si-Mohamed A, Badoual C, Hans S, Péré H, Tartour E, Brasnu D. An unusual human papillomavirus type 82 detection in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: case report and review of literature. J Clin Virol 2012; 54:190-3. [PMID: 22480539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx is extremely rare in adolescent or younger adult and typically has an aggressive nature. The mechanism of laryngeal oncogenesis is complex and little is known about the role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in SCC in young age. HPV infection may occur during birth or latter by oro-genital contact. Most HPV genotypes detected were HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 33 and 51. Herein, we report a case of invasive laryngeal SCC expressing an HPV 82 in an 18 year-old man with a history of unexplored severe acute dysphonia that started in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Si-Mohamed
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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13
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Azarpira N, Ashraf MJ, Khademi B, Darai M, Hakimzadeh A, Abedi E. Study the polymorphism of CYP3A5 and CYP3A4 loci in Iranian population with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 38:5443-8. [PMID: 21380731 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer reflects a complicated network of interactions between genes and environmental factors. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a multi-gene superfamily participating in the metabolism of xenobiotics. The aim of our study was to examine whether polymorphisms in the CYP enzyme genes affect the risk of developing larynx squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Polymorphism of CYP3A5 and CYP3A4 genes were investigated in 50 patients with laryngeal SCC and 100 control subjects by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In patients the CYP3A5 3/3 and 1/3genotypes were detected in 92% and 8% respectively. There was no relation between genotype, allele frequency and grade/stage of tumor. In control group, the frequency of CYP3A5 3/3 and CYP3A5 1/3 genotype were 98% and 2% respectively. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency of this gene between patient and control group. In respect of CYP3A41A/B, people in both patient and control groups had the same genotype of CYP3A41A/1A. In this study, the CYP gene variants were not associated with increased risk of laryngeal SCC. Study on the other genetic factors which are involved in activation/detoxication of procarcinogenes, such as CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2E1 and gluthation S transferase is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Azarpira
- Organ Transplant Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Fabricius EM, Wildner GP, Kruse-Boitschenko U, Hoffmeister B, Goodman SL, Raguse JD. Immunohistochemical analysis of integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, and their ligands, fibrinogen, fibronectin, osteopontin and vitronectin, in frozen sections of human oral head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Exp Ther Med 2010; 2:9-19. [PMID: 22977464 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2010.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate the interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix and are believed to be involved in tumor cell survival and metastasis, and in tumor angiogenesis. We used immunohistochemistry of fresh-frozen human tumor tissues to analyze the presence of integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, which are believed to be involved in tumor growth and migration, together with integrin ligands, vitronectin, osteopontin, fibronectin and fibrinogen, in human oral squamous cell carcinomas. Samples of squamous cell carcinomas and control tissues from patients without cancer undergoing oral or maxillofacial surgery were frozen in liquid nitrogen within 30 min of removal. Frozen sections were prepared, and the presence of integrins or ligands was visualized using standard immunohistochemistry (APAAP) with a blinded evaluation. Comparison of samples from the 40 oral cancer patients and the 20 controls revealed increased staining in tumors compared with the controls, and staining was demonstrated for αvβ3 in endothelia. αvβ5 staining was increased in the tumor samples, but this was associated with increased expression in stroma rather than in endothelia. Modestly increased expression of α5β1 was observed in the tumor samples, and this was associated with tumor cells, endothelia and stroma. Expression of ligands for the integrins varied between tissue types, with increased fibrinogen and fibronectin expression in tumor endothelia. Confirmation of the presence of these integrins and their association with tumor cells, endothelia or stroma suggests their potential for these integrins in human oral tumors. Overall, the increased expression of integrins within tumors, particularly expression associated with endothelial cells, supports the principle of selective integrin blockade as a novel anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Fabricius
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Campus Virchow Hospital Charité-Universitätsmedizin
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