1
|
Liu Y, Pei Y, Zhang S, Du Z, Chen L, Yan X, Tian J. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels with carotid artery intima-media thickness and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in smokers. Vascul Pharmacol 2024:107416. [PMID: 39151593 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) levels with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), and the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in individuals with a history of smoking. METHODS A total of 469 patients suspected of having carotid atherosclerosis, aged 52 to 73 years with an average age of 65.26 ± 4.37 years, were recruited from the author's hospital from January 2023 to October 2023. All patients had a smoking history of nearly 5 years. Based on their serum 25(OH)D3 levels, they were divided into two groups: the normal group (serum level 30-50 ng/mL, n = 300) and the deficiency group (<30 ng/mL, n = 169). General details of the two patient groups were collected. Carotid artery ultrasound was employed to assess pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid artery compliance coefficient (CC), and CIMT. Blood chemistry analysis measured serum lipid metabolism indicators including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HD-LC). The relationship between CIMT and each variable was analyzed through Pearson correlation, and logistic regression was used to identify risk factors influencing carotid artery plaque development. RESULTS General patient information between the two groups showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Patients in the 25(OH)D3 deficiency group exhibited elevated left and right PWV and CC compared to the 25(OH)D3 normal group (P < 0.05). The deficiency group exhibited larger CIMT and plaque area compared to the normal group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the deficiency group demonstrated higher levels of TC, LDL-C, and HD-LC compared to the normal group (P < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between TC, LDL-C, and CIMT (P < 0.05), while a strong positive correlation existed between 25(OH)D3 and CIMT (P < 0.05). In smokers, the formation of carotid artery plaque was associated with factors such as patient age, CIMT, serum LDL-C, and 25(OH)D3 levels (P < 0.05). As age, CIMT, LDL-C levels increased, and 25(OH)D3 levels decreased, the risk of carotid plaques in smokers increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Smokers with lower 25(OH)D3 levels exhibit higher CIMT and more prominent carotid atherosclerotic plaques, indicating increased arterial stiffness and elevated cardiovascular risk. These findings demonstrate crucial implications that insufficient levels of vitamin D may potentially contribute to a higher risk of atherosclerosis among smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongbin Pei
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shuowen Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhixing Du
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Litao Chen
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Jin Tian
- Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang P, Xu Q, Zhu R. Vitamin D and allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420883. [PMID: 39026686 PMCID: PMC11254667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and allergic diseases has received widespread attention. As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system and may influence the onset and progression of diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we have summarized the current research on the association between vitamin D and allergic diseases. We also discuss the impact of vitamin D on the immune system and its role in the course of allergic diseases, particularly focusing on how vitamin D supplementation affects the treatment outcomes of these conditions. We aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for optimizing the management and treatment of allergic diseases by modulating vitamin D levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panyu Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingxiu Xu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongfei Zhu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ju F, Zhu R. Association of vitamin D levels and VDR variant (rs2228570) with allergic rhinitis: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17283. [PMID: 37426797 PMCID: PMC10329122 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a most common allergic condition characterised by cough, sneezing and flu-like symptoms. The aetiology of AR is not known. A deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with various allergic diseases. The role of vitamin D in allergic rhinitis has been explored in different populations, but the results remained inconsistent. Furthermore, vitamin D exerts its effect through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and genetic variations in the VDR gene significantly alter vitamin D. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the role of vitamin D levels and VDR polymorphisms with a predisposition to the development of AR. Materials and methods All published articles were searched using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Based on rigorous inclusion and exclusion, appropriate studies were identified. Vitamin D levels, VDR genotype and allele frequencies were extracted from the eligible reports. The meta-analysis was performed by comprehensive meta-analysis software v3.3. Results The present meta-analysis comprised 14 reports with 1504 AR patients and 1435 healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, AR had significantly lower levels of vitamin D (P = 0.000, standard difference of means = -1.287, 95% CI = -1.921 to -0.652). The meta-analysis of two separate investigations, which included 917 cases and 847 controls, showed no predisposition to allergic rhinitis. The trial sequential analysis also demonstrated the need for future case-control studies of VDR polymorphism to examine their involvement in AR. Conclusions Lower vitamin D levels are associated with allergic rhinitis, and vitamin D supplementation might be advantageous in addition to standard treatment. The connection of VDR polymorphism (rs2228570) remained equivocal, and additional research is needed. Summary Vitamin D exerct its beneficial effect through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and role of vitamin D and VDR variant in the allergic rhinitis has been contradictories. We performed a meta-analysis to draw a definitive conclusion of importance of vitamin D and VDR polymorphisms in predisposition to development of allergic rhinitis. The observations of the meta-analysis revealed a significant association of lower vitamin D with allergic rhinitis. In addition the VDR rs2228570 variant predisposed subject to develop rhinitis. Collectively, the results of the present investigation redirect requirement of individualized vitamin D supplementation in the management of allergic rhinitis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng Q, Bønnelykke K, Ek WE, Chawes BL, Yuan S, Cheung CL, Li GH, Leung RY, Cheung BM. Null association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization and non-allergic rhinitis: A Mendelian randomization study. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 51:78-86. [PMID: 32949071 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have not found a conclusive association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and allergic rhinitis (AR) or allergic sensitization (AS). OBJECTIVE To investigate a causal association between 25(OH)D levels with risk of AR and AS, using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously shown to be associated with serum 25(OH)D levels, were identified as instrumental variables. The primary outcome was AR, and the secondary outcomes were AS and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR). The genome-wide association (GWA) summary statistics of the outcomes were obtained from two cohort studies (EAGLE Consortium and UK Biobank). An MR analysis with random-effects inverse-variance weighted method was performed as the primary analysis to estimate overall effect size (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Sensitivity analysis using weighted median method and MR-Egger regression method was conducted. A subgroup analysis based on 25(OH)D synthesis-related SNPs was further applied. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were not causally associated with risk of AR (OR: 0.960; 95% CI: 0.779-1.184), AS (OR: 1.059; 95% CI: 0.686 to 1.634) or NAR (OR: 0.937; 95% CI: 0.588-1.491). Subgroup analysis also showed null association between 25(OH)D synthesis-related SNPs and the outcomes. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This MR study found no evidence supporting a causal association between serum 25(OH)D levels and risk of AR, AS and NAR in European-ancestry population. This argues against the previous postulation that vitamin D supplementation is effective in prevention of allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Weronica E Ek
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo L Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ching Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Genomic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Gloria Hy Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Yh Leung
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bernard My Cheung
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|