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Choudhary AK, Lee YY. Mechanistic Insights into Aspartame-induced Immune Dysregulation. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401314666181016124250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective:
Aspartame, (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) is a
widely used artificial sweetener but studies raise safety concerns regarding the use of aspartame
metabolites especially methanol. In this review, we aimed to provide mechanistic insights that may
explain aspartame-induced immune dysregulation.
Findings:
While evidence is limited, from the available literature, possible mechanisms for immune
dysfunction associated with aspartame include (1) alterations in bidirectional communication between
neuro-immune-endocrine responses (2) disruption of the brain-gut-microbiota-immune axis (3)
induction of oxidative stress in immune cells and organs and lastly (4) the immune-activation effect
of methanol.
Conclusion:
Further studies are needed to confirm above proposed mechanisms that may explain aspartame-
induce immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbind K. Choudhary
- Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Shivpuri, (M.P.), India
| | - Yeong Y. Lee
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Gray DL, Marrero DG, Godfrey C, Orr DP, Golden MP. Chronic poor metabolic control in the pediatric population: a stepwise intervention program. DIABETES EDUCATOR 1988; 14:516-20. [PMID: 3208638 DOI: 10.1177/014572178801400614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Improving metabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with IDDM who are in chronically poor metabolic control is one of the most difficult tasks confronting health care providers. These patients have clinical histories characterized by recurrent episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis and the persistance of acute disease symptoms. Complex psychosocial factors play a critical role in the genesis of chronic poor control, and patients are often resistant to standard interventions. To guide treatment of these difficult patients, we have developed a stepwise intervention program that addresses psycho social issues and provides strategies for improving metabolic control. The steps include documentation of patient response to insulin and the correction of educational deficiencies, defining and renegotiating the family care role, confronting families' inappropriate perceptions of care, and legal interventions. Previous evaluation has shown that appli cation of this approach can nearly eliminate recurrent episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis.
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Franz M. Use of nonnutritive and nutritive sweeteners. DIABETES EDUCATOR 1988; 14:357-9. [PMID: 3383751 DOI: 10.1177/014572178801400423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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