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Xu Q, Zhang Z, Tang M, Xing C, Chen H, Zheng K, Zhao Z, Zhou S, Zhao AZ, Li F, Mu Y. Endogenous production of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids mitigates cisplatin-induced myelosuppression by regulating NRF2-MDM2-p53 signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 201:14-25. [PMID: 36906190 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a wide range of cancers. A common side effect of cisplatin is myelosuppression. Research suggests that oxidative damages are strongly and consistently related to myelosuppression during cisplatin treatment. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can enhance the antioxidant capacity of cells. Herein, we investigated the protective benefit of endogenous ω-3 PUFAs on cisplatin-induced myelosuppression and the underlying signaling pathways using a transgenic mfat-1 mouse model. The expression of mfat-1 gene can increase endogenous levels of ω-3 PUFAs by enzymatically converting ω-6 PUFAs. Cisplatin treatment reduced peripheral blood cells and bone marrow nucleated cells, induced DNA damage, increased the production of reactive oxygen species, and activated p53-mediated apoptosis in bone marrow (BM) cells of wild-type mice. In the transgenics, the elevated tissue ω-3 PUFAs rendered a robust preventative effect on these cisplatin-induced damages. Importantly, we identified that the activation of NRF2 by ω-3 PUFAs could trigger an antioxidant response and inhibit p53-mediated apoptosis by increasing the expression of MDM2 in BM cells. Thus, endogenous ω-3 PUFAs enrichment can strongly prevent cisplatin-induced myelosuppression by inhibiting oxidative damage and regulating the NRF2-MDM2-p53 signaling pathway. Elevation of tissue ω-3 PUFAs may represent a promising treatment strategy to prevent the side effects of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Xu
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zongmeng Zhang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Minyi Tang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chaofeng Xing
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hansi Chen
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Kexin Zheng
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhenggang Zhao
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Sujin Zhou
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Allan Zijian Zhao
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Fanghong Li
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yunping Mu
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Ginsenosides in cancer: A focus on the regulation of cell metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Miyata H, Yano M, Yasuda T, Yamasaki M, Murakami K, Makino T, Nishiki K, Sugimura K, Motoori M, Shiraishi O, Mori M, Doki Y. Randomized study of the clinical effects of ω-3 fatty acid-containing enteral nutrition support during neoadjuvant chemotherapy on chemotherapy-related toxicity in patients with esophageal cancer. Nutrition 2016; 33:204-210. [PMID: 27644137 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids have potential positive effects during chemotherapy, such as body weight maintenance and muscle mass preservation. However, little is known about the effect this supplement might have on reducing chemotherapy-induced toxicities. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation in the reduction of chemotherapy-related toxicities. METHODS Sixty-one patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal cancer randomly received ω-3-rich enteral nutrition (EN; n = 31) or ω-3-poor EN support (n = 30) for 15 d during chemotherapy. The daily dosage of ω-3 fatty acids was 900 mg in the ω-3-rich group and 250 mg in the ω-3-poor group. The primary endpoint was the frequency of grade 3/4 neutropenia, and secondary endpoints included other chemotherapy-related adverse events, body weight, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS The total and dietary intake calories during chemotherapy were equal in both groups. There was no significant difference in the body weight change after chemotherapy between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of grade 3/4 leukopenia and neutropenia (P > 0.05). However, stomatitis was significantly less frequent in the ω-3-rich group, than in the ω-3-poor group (P = 0.018). Grade 3/4 diarrhea occurred relatively less frequently in the ω-3-rich group than in the ω-3-poor group; however, this difference was not significant (16.1% versus 36.7%, respectively, P = 0.068). Increases in the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were seen significantly less frequently in the ω-3-rich group than in the ω-3-poor group (P = 0.012 and P = 0.015, respectively). CONCLUSIONS ω-3-rich EN support decreased the frequency of chemotherapy-induced mucosal toxicities, such as stomatitis and diarrhea, and exhibited a hepatoprotective effect during chemotherapy, compared with the ω-3-poor EN support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Yano
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishiki
- Department of Surgery, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keijiro Sugimura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Motoori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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