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Wu Y, Chen J, Yin G, Shen M, Li Q. Mediated relationships between coping style and social support on the quality of life of disabled older adults. Int J Nurs Pract 2024:e13279. [PMID: 38880939 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between coping styles, social support and quality of life among disabled older adults and to examine the mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between social support and quality of life. METHODS Using a purposive sampling method, three investigators conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey of eligible participants in the geriatric department of a tertiary care hospital in one of the largest cities in southern China between August 2021 and March 2022. A total of 187 questionnaires were collected, of which 176 were valid, with an effective response rate of 94.1%. RESULTS Social support and positive coping were positively related to disabled older adults' quality of life, while negative coping was negatively related to both social support and disabled older adults' quality of life. According to the mediating effect analysis after covariate adjustment, positive coping completely mediated the relationship between social support and older adults' quality of life (p < 0.01), with the mediating effect size accounting for 76.9% of the total effect. Negative coping had some mediating effect on the relationship between social support and older adults' quality of life (p < 0.01), with the mediating effect size accounting for 13.0% of the total effect. CONCLUSION The quality of life of disabled older adults is low, which is closely related to their social support and coping styles. Therefore, it is important to recognize and emphasize the key role that social support systems play in improving the quality of life of this population, broaden their access to social support and guide them to adopt positive coping styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrong Wu
- School of Nursing and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaru Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Yin
- School of Nursing and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manxuan Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhang F, Yang W. Interaction between activities of daily living and cognitive function on risk of depression. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1309401. [PMID: 38384887 PMCID: PMC10880188 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1309401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective There is a lack of literature about the joint effects of activities of daily living (ADL) limitation and cognitive impairment on depression. This study aimed to estimate the association of ADL limitation and cognitive impairment with depression among Chinese older adults aged 65 and above and to test their interaction on both additive and multiplicative scales. Methods Data was drawn from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), including 11,025 eligible participants. Logistic regression models were fitted, and both multiplicative and additive interactions for ADL limitation and cognitive impairment were tested. Results A total of 3,019(27.4%) participants reported depressive symptoms. After controlling for potential confounding factors, ADL limitation and cognitive impairment were both positively associated with depression. The adjusted additive interaction of basic and instrumental activities of daily living limitation were 2.47 (95%CI:1.92-3.19) and 3.67 (95%CI:2.88-4.66), respectively, but the multiplicative interaction items were both insignificant. Conclusion ADL limitation and cognitive impairment were both risk factors for depression among Chinese older adults. Moreover, the significant interaction of ADL limitation and cognitive impairment was found in the additive model, suggesting that improving ADL may be helpful in reducing the risk of depression among older people with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghao Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Wenyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Okahashi S, Noguchi T, Ishihara M, Osawa A, Kinoshita F, Ueda I, Kamiya M, Nakagawa T, Kondo I, Sakurai T, Arai H, Saito T. Dyadic Art Appreciation and Self-Expression Program (NCGG-ART) for People with Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment and Their Family Caregivers: A Feasibility Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1435-1448. [PMID: 38250777 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-pharmacological interventions effective for depressive mood and bilateral relationships among persons with cognitive impairment (PwCI) and their family caregivers (FCGs) have not been established. OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility of a newly developed group-based art appreciation and self-expression program (NCGG-ART) for dyads of PwCI and their FCGs. METHODS This pilot randomized control trial included 34 dyads of PwCI diagnosed with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment, and their FCGs, from an outpatient rehabilitation service (Holistic Physio-Cognitive Rehabilitation [HPCR]). Participants were randomly divided equally into the HPCR (control group) or NCGG-ART and HPCR (intervention group) groups. Both included 1-hour weekly, 6-week programs. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms among FCGs assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Feasibility outcomes included participant satisfaction and motivation. FCGs were interviewed about their experiences and feelings regarding the program, which were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Thirty-two dyads (intervention group:16; control group:16) completed the study period. High participation rates, satisfaction, and motivation were demonstrated throughout the intervention. Scores in the PHQ-9 among FCGs did not show positive effects: mean changes in the score were 1.3 for the intervention group and -0.8 for the control group (Cohen d:0.56). However, the qualitative analysis revealed favorable experiences and feelings of the FCGs, such as positive emotions, social interactions, and person-centered attitudes to and positive relationships with PwCI. CONCLUSIONS This program demonstrated high feasibility with FCGs' favorable responses to emotions and relationships with PwCI, ensuring future investigations with a confirmatory study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Okahashi
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Taiji Noguchi
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Japan
| | - Masumi Ishihara
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Aiko Osawa
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Fumie Kinoshita
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ikue Ueda
- Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masaki Kamiya
- Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakagawa
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Izumi Kondo
- Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Cognition and Behavior Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Su TT, Mejía ST. Capturing multiple assistive technology use and its impact in later life: lessons learned from distinct measurement approaches. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 38112328 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2294990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assistive technology (AT) use is prevalent in older adulthood and can accommodate activity difficulties to support well-being. However, within the context of multiple activity difficulties and multiple technology use, it is unclear how to best assess their combined effects on older adults' health outcomes. This study proposed four distinct approaches to quantify multiple AT use and examined their respective impact in later life. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using data from the 2015 round of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (n = 6,936), we compared four indices to summarize the state of multiple AT use among the U.S. older population: binary, item-specific, cumulative, and accommodative. Separate regression analyses tested the impact of each index on older adults' well-being and restricted participation in meaningful activities. RESULTS In 2015, 59.9% of the respondents were identified as AT users. Among these users, 53.8% reported using two or more technologies when performing daily self-care and mobility activities. The implications of multiple AT use for health outcomes varied across the four indices. Approaches that captured elements of person-technology fit provided the most nuanced and actionable insights on the benefits of using AT to support well-being. CONCLUSIONS ATs were commonly adopted by older adults in everyday activities. Overall, findings suggest that there are multiple approaches to conceptualize the independent, cumulative, or balanced effects of multiple AT use. Each measurement approach has unique implications for understanding the impacts of using ATs on older adults' health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Te Su
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Shannon T Mejía
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Kwan RYC, Ng F, Lam LCW, Yung RC, Sin OSK, Chan S. The effects of therapeutic virtual reality experience to promote mental well-being in older people living with physical disabilities in long-term care facilities. Trials 2023; 24:558. [PMID: 37633916 PMCID: PMC10464193 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental well-being is poor in long-term care facilities (LTCF) residents. Physical disabilities, impaired social engagement, and environmental stress are also common in LTCF which exacerbate the decline of the mental well-being of older people living in LTCF. Protective elements, including nature-based, reminiscence, outdoor, and group activities, are known to be effective to promote the mental well-being of older people living in LTCF. However, limited by their physical disabilities and poor social support, older people living in LTCF are not likely to benefit from these effective measures. Virtual reality has been proven to be feasible to be environmentally unrestricted to providing LTCF residents with all protective elements promoting mental well-being. However, its effects on the mental well-being of LTCF residents living with physical disabilities are unclear. METHODS This study employs a single-blinded, two-parallel-group (intervention-to-control group ratio = 1:1), non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants are aged 60 years or above, LTCF residents, and living with physical disabilities. The study will be conducted in LTCF. In the intervention group, participants will receive a 6-week VR experience program. In the control group, participants will receive the usual care provided by the LTCF. The primary outcome is mental well-being, as measured by World Health Organization Five Well-being Index at the time point of baseline (i.e., week 0) and after completion of the intervention (i.e., week 7). This study aims to recruit a total of 216 participants. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) will be used to examine the effects of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05818579 ), Registered on April 5, 2023. The latest version of the protocol was published online on 19 April 2023. All items come from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set. This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Tung Wah College, Hong Kong (reference number: REC2023158). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, presented at international and local conferences with related themes, and shared in local media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fowie Ng
- School of Management, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linda Chiu Wa Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Forster GK, Aarø LE, Alme MN, Hansen T, Nilsen TS, Vedaa Ø. Built Environment Accessibility and Disability as Predictors of Well-Being among Older Adults: A Norwegian Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105898. [PMID: 37239625 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about the influence environmental factors have on well-being is important to deliver policies supporting healthy ageing and sustainable health equity. An under-researched question is whether and how the built environment plays a role on well-being among older adults with disabilities. This study explores the relationship between built environment accessibility and disability on psychosocial well-being among older adults. Data were used from the Norwegian Counties Public Health Survey collected during February 2021 in Møre and Romsdal county (N = 8274; age = 60-97, mean = 68.6). General linear modelling was performed to examine the relationship and interaction between built environment accessibility (services, transportation, and nature) and disability on psychosocial well-being (quality of life, thriving, loneliness, and psychological distress). Higher levels of disability and poorer accessibility were each significantly related to lower psychosocial well-being across all variables (p < 0.001). Significant interaction effects were observed between disability and built environment accessibility on thriving (F(8, 5936) = 4.97, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.006) and psychological distress (F(8, 5957) = 3.09, p = 0.002, η2 = 0.004). No significant interaction effects were found for quality of life and loneliness. These findings indicate good built environment accessibility is associated with thriving and reduces psychological distress among older adults with disabilities. This study supports and extends previous findings on the importance of accessible and equipped environments for well-being and may aid policy makers when planning built environments to foster healthy ageing among this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Katharine Forster
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, NO-7047 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH, NO-5015 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, HVL, NO-5063 Bergen, Norway
| | - Leif Edvard Aarø
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH, NO-5015 Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Nordheim Alme
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, HVL, NO-5063 Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Department of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH, NO-0456 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Welfare and Labour Research, Oslo Metropolitan University, NO-0170 Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Sevenius Nilsen
- Department of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH, NO-0456 Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Vedaa
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH, NO-5015 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, UiB, NO-5015 Bergen, Norway
- Voss District Psychiatric Hospital NKS Bjørkeli, NO-5705 Voss, Norway
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7
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Sevilla JP. The value of vaccines. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 78:102243. [PMID: 36156412 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing vaccine spending depends on recognizing the full value of vaccination (VoV). Existing taxonomies of such value are not comprehensive because they are not guided by general theories. I rely on two such theories: subjective-value theory claims that what has value is determined by what people actually or ideally want in life. A welfarist theory of government states that a fundamental objective of government is to promote social value (or social welfare). These jointly imply that any aspect of life that individuals actually or ideally value and that could be negatively affected by vaccine-preventable diseases (and therefore positively affected by preventive vaccines) is an element of VoV. I build a more comprehensive-value taxonomy than currently exists based on this implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Sevilla
- Data for Decisions, LLC, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, USA.
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8
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Li C, Jin S, Cao X, Han L, Sun N, Allore H, Hoogendijk EO, Xu X, Feng Q, Liu X, Liu Z. Catastrophic health expenditure among Chinese adults living alone with cognitive impairment: findings from the CHARLS. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:640. [PMID: 35922775 PMCID: PMC9351200 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The catastrophic health expenditure of older adults results in serious consequences; however, the issue of whether cognitive status and living situations contribute to such financial burdens is uncertain. Our aim was to compare the differences in catastrophic health expenditure between adults living alone with cognitive impairment and those adults living with others and with normal cognition. METHODS We identified 909 observations of participants living alone with cognitive impairment (cases) and 37,432 observations of participants living with others and with normal cognition (comparators) from the 2011/2012, 2013, 2015 and 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). We used propensity score matching (1:2) to create matched cases and comparators in a covariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis. Catastrophic health expenditure was defined as an out-of-pocket cost for health care ≥40% of a household's capacity to pay. RESULTS In comparison with participants living with others and with normal cognition, those adults living alone with cognitive impairment reported a higher percentage of catastrophic health expenditure (19.5% vs. 11.8%, respectively, P < 0.001). When controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, residence areas, alcohol consumption, smoking status and disease counts, we found that this subpopulation had significantly higher odds of having catastrophic health expenditure (odds ratio [OR] = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40, 2.56). Additional analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that adults living alone with cognitive impairment in the CHARLS experienced a high burden of catastrophic health expenditure. Health care policies on social health insurance and medical assistance should consider these vulnerable adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Shuyi Jin
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Xingqi Cao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Ling Han
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Ning Sun
- grid.496809.a0000 0004 1760 1080Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heather Allore
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Emiel O. Hoogendijk
- grid.16872.3a0000 0004 0435 165XDepartment of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC – location VU University medical center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xin Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Qiushi Feng
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Sociology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang H, Liu H, Guo F, Li J, Li P, Guan T, Yao Y, Lv X, Xue T. Association between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Physical Functioning in Middle-aged and Older Chinese Adults: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:986-993. [PMID: 34908113 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution is associated with several chronic diseases and subclinical processes that could subsequently contribute to physical disability. However, whether and to what extent air pollution exposure is associated with objective measures of physical functioning remains understudied. METHODS We used longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and included 10,823 participants who were surveyed at least twice. Annual average exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was assessed using a state-of-the-art estimator. Physical functioning was assessed with four objective tests covering hand-grip strength, balance, repeated chair stands, and gait speed. Mixed-effects models with participants as a random term were used to estimate associations with multiple adjustments. RESULTS We found a significant and robust association between exposure to increased PM2.5 and the reduction in hand-grip strength and balance ability. Each 10-μg/m 3 increase in annual averaged concentrations of PM2.5 was associated with a 220-g (95% confidence interval [CI]: 127, 312 g) reduction in hand-grip strength per 60 kg of body weight and a 5% risk (95% CI: 2, 7) of reduced balance ability. The estimated effect of each 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM2.5 on hand-grip strength and balance ability was equivalent to the effect of aging [1.12 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.48) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.50, 1.50) years, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 may be differentially associated with various dimensions of physical functioning. Improving air quality can prevent physical disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hengyi Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuyu Guo
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajianghui Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University
| | - Tianjia Guan
- Department of Health Policy, School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Lv
- Dementia Care and Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Beijing Dementia Key Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Zhang Z, Xu H, Li LW, Liu J, Choi SWE. Social Relationships in Early Life and Episodic Memory in Mid- and Late Life. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:2121-2130. [PMID: 33075811 PMCID: PMC8599048 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines the longitudinal relationships between retrospective reports of early-life social relationships (i.e., having good friends, parent-child relationship quality, and childhood neighborhood social cohesion) and episodic memory in China. METHODS We analyzed 2 waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytical sample included 9,285 respondents aged 45 and older at baseline. A lagged dependent variable approach was used to estimate the associations between measures of early-life social relationships and episodic memory change at the study's 4-year follow-up. RESULTS Retrospective reports of better early-life social relationships are significantly associated with higher levels of episodic memory performance in 2015 among middle-aged and older Chinese, controlling for episodic memory in 2011, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood sociodemographic variables, and the history of stroke. Educational attainment accounts for a significant portion of the associations between early-life social relationships and episodic memory. In contrast, mental health and social engagement in adulthood account for a small part of these associations. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that positive early-life social relationships are beneficial for episodic memory in mid- and late life, and more research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Sociology, Queens College – CUNY, Flushing, New York
| | - Lydia W Li
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jinyu Liu
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Seung-won Emily Choi
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
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Own health, spousal health and transitions in loneliness among middle-aged and older adults in China. AGEING & SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x21001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study examines the effects of own and spousal health on transitions in loneliness over time among married middle-aged and older adults in China, and explores the possible gender differences in these effects using data from the three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2015). The sample includes 6,422 men and 6,391 women who were married and aged 45 and older at the baseline survey. Middle-aged and older adults with poorer physical and emotional health statuses are more likely to transition into and less likely to transition out of loneliness in a two-year period. Spouse's emotional health also affects both types of transition in loneliness and spouse's functional limitation affects transition into loneliness through spouse's emotional health. In addition, for married men, their own functional limitation is significantly associated with their transitions into and out of loneliness. For married women, their spouse's functional limitation is significantly associated with their transition into loneliness and this is mainly through its association with spouse's emotional health. Also, for married women, their spouse's emotional health is significantly associated with their transition out of loneliness. Social interventions to reduce feelings of loneliness need to take a couple approach and consider both spouses’ health problems and how they may affect their daily activities and their interactions with each other and with others.
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Zhang Z, Liu H, Choi SWE. Marital loss and risk of dementia: Do race and gender matter? Soc Sci Med 2021; 275:113808. [PMID: 33713925 PMCID: PMC8015783 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have found that marital loss through divorce or widowhood is associated with a higher risk of dementia for older adults. However, whether these associations vary by race and gender is less clear. To address this gap, we drew upon longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2000-2016) to investigate the association between marital loss and dementia risk, separately for non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks. We further examined gender variations in the link between marital loss and dementia risk within each racial group. Results from discrete-time event history models suggested that widowhood is significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia for both Whites and Blacks, controlling for basic demographic characteristics. However, while divorce is significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia for Blacks, the association is marginally significant (p < 0.1) for Whites. There are few significant gender variations in these associations except for the effect of divorce among Whites. Even after controlling for economic and health-related factors, we found that divorce is associated with a higher risk of dementia among White men but not among White women. Economic resources explain a significant portion of the association between widowhood and dementia risk, more so for Whites than for Blacks. Our findings call for more research into the pathways through which marital loss shapes the risk of dementia across racial and ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, Michigan State University, USA.
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Sociology, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Seung-Won Emily Choi
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Texas Tech University, USA
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Kim JJ, Munroe M, Feng Z, Morris S, Al-Refae M, Antonacci R, Ferrari M. Personal Growth and Well-Being in the Time of COVID: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648060. [PMID: 33841285 PMCID: PMC8025836 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical distancing measures necessitated by COVID-19 have resulted in a severe withdrawal from the patterns of daily life, necessitating significantly reduced contact with other people. To many, such withdrawal can be a major cause of distress. But, to some, this sort of withdrawal is an integral part of growth, a pathway to a more enriching life. The present study uses a sequential explanatory QUAN-qual design to investigate whether people who felt that their lives had changed for the better after being forced to engage in physical distancing, what factors predicted such well-being, and how they spent their time to generate this sense of well-being. We invited 614 participants who reported closely following physical distancing recommendations to complete a survey exploring this topic. Our analyses, after controlling for all other variables in the regression model, found a greater positive association between presence of meaning in life, coping style, and self-transcendent wisdom and residualized current well-being accounting for retrospective assessments of well-being prior to physical distancing. An extreme-case content analysis of participants' personal projects found that participants with low self-transcendent wisdom reported more survival-oriented projects (e.g., acquiring groceries or engaging in distracting entertainments), while participants reporting high self-transcendent wisdom reported more projects involving deepening interactions with other people, especially family. Our findings suggest a more nuanced pathway from adversity to a deeper sense of well-being by showing the importance of not merely coping with adversity, but truly transcending it.
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Deng A, Zhang Y, Xiong R. Effects of a transitional care program for individuals with limbs disabilities living in a rural community: A randomized controlled trial. Disabil Health J 2020; 14:100946. [PMID: 32565092 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transitional care (TC) has been proven to be effective in addressing fragmented care and preventing adverse outcomes for chronically ill patients transitioning from hospital to home, but the definitive description of TC that was used successfully for individuals with limbs disability has not been formed in the context of health care reform in China. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a TC program on health outcomes in individuals with limbs disability based on an original community for healthcare. METHOD It was a randomized controlled trial. Individuals in the intervention group received ongoing rehabilitation both at the specialized care center and at home through multidisciplinary team, while individuals in the control group received routine follow-up visits by primary healthcare physicians. Outcomes were measured by Short-Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Caregiver Strain Index (CSI) at 3 and 6 months respectively. RESULTS A total of 84 participants were randomly assigned (intervention n = 42, control n = 42). Mean values of Physical Components Summary, an integral component of SF-36, was significantly better in the intervention group at 3 and 6 months (42.0 ± 2.3 and 44.3 ± 1.5 respectively). The same trend was observed in MBI (72.2 ± 6.8 and 78.6 ± 9.3 at 3 and 6 months respectively). But the significant improvement in CSI was only observed at 6 months. There were significant differences between groups in these scores except Mental Components Summary. CONCLUSION The TC program has been proven to be feasible and improve health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwen Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yakai Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Ribo Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
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