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Sharma R, Hastings C, Staretz-Chacham O, Raiman J, Paucar M, Spiegel R, Murray B, Hurst B, Liu B, Kjems L, Hrynkow S. Long-term administration of intravenous Trappsol® Cyclo™ (HP-β-CD) results in clinical benefits and stabilization or slowing of disease progression in patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C1: Results of an international 48-week Phase I/II trial. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 36:100988. [PMID: 37670901 PMCID: PMC10475848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare, fatal, pan-ethnic, autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive major organ failure and neurodegeneration. Preclinical studies confirmed a critical role of systemically administered hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD; Trappsol® Cyclo™) in cholesterol metabolism and homeostasis in peripheral tissues of the body, including the liver, and in the central nervous system (CNS). Herein, the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and efficacy of HP-β-CD, and biomarkers of NPC were assessed in pediatric and adult patients with NPC1. Methods This was a multicenter, Phase I/II, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 48-week study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02912793) to compare the PK of three different single intravenous (IV) doses of HP-β-CD in pediatric and adult patients with NPC1 and to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of three different dosages of HP-β-CD in patients with NPC1 after long-term treatment. Twelve patients aged at least 2 years (2-39 years of age) with a confirmed diagnosis of NPC1 were randomized to receive one of three IV doses of HP-β-CD (1500 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, or 2500 mg/kg) every 2 weeks for 48 weeks. All patients received HP-β-CD; there was no placebo or other control. PK testing of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was at set times after the first infusion. Pharmacodynamic assessments included biomarkers of cholesterol metabolism (synthesis and breakdown products), N-palmitoyl-O-phosphocholineserine (PPCS), and specific biomarkers of CSF neurodegeneration (including total Tau), CNS inflammation (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] and tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα]), CNS cholesterol metabolism (24S-hydroxycholesterol) and inflammatory markers. Efficacy measures included clinical disease severity, neurologic symptoms, and clinical impressions of improvement. Safety assessment included physical examination, vital signs, clinical safety laboratory assessment and adverse events (AEs). Results Nine patients completed the study, 2 in the 1500 mg/kg group, 4 in the 2000 mg/kg group and 3 in the 2500 mg/kg group. Three patients (all in the 1500 mg/kg group) discontinued the study because of either physician decision/site Principal Investigator (PI) discretion, withdrawal by subject/patient/parent/guardian, or other non-safety reasons. In 5 patients who underwent serial lumbar punctures, HP-β-CD was detected in the CSF. Of the 9 patients who completed the study, 8 (88.9%) improved in at least two domains of the 17-Domain Niemann-Pick disease Type C-Clinical Severity Scale (17D-NPC-CSS), and 6 of these patients improved in at least one domain viewed by patients and their caregivers to be key to quality of life, namely, speech, swallow, fine and gross motor skills, and cognition. Of the 9 patients who completed the study, 7 were viewed by their treating physicians as having improved to some degree at the end of the study, and 2 remained stable; both outcomes are highly relevant in a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Some patients and families reported improvement in quality of life.All three doses of HP-β-CD were well tolerated overall, with most treatment-emergent adverse events transient, mild-to-moderate in nature, and considered by the site PIs to be not related to study drug. Interpretation This 48-week trial is the longest to date to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy across multiple clinical endpoints of IV administration of Trappsol® Cyclo™ (HP-β-CD) in NPC1 patients. In pediatric and adult patients with NPC, Trappsol® Cyclo™ IV improved clinical signs and symptoms and was generally well tolerated. The findings presented here demonstrate a favorable benefit-risk profile and support the global pivotal trial now underway to evaluate the long-term treatment benefits and the potential of Trappsol® Cyclo™ as a disease-modifying treatment in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Sharma
- Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Stott Lane, Salford, Greater Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | | | | | - Julian Raiman
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Martin Paucar
- Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Department of Neurology, R43 Rehabgatan, 4th Floor, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronen Spiegel
- Department of Pediatrics B, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bryan Murray
- Boyd Consultants Ltd, Electra House, Crewe Business Park, Crewe, Cheshire CW1 6GL, UK
| | - Bryan Hurst
- Boyd Consultants Ltd, Electra House, Crewe Business Park, Crewe, Cheshire CW1 6GL, UK
| | - Benny Liu
- Highland Hospital, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA 94602, USA
| | - Lise Kjems
- Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc, 6714 NW 16th Street, Suite B, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - Sharon Hrynkow
- Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc, 6714 NW 16th Street, Suite B, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
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Képes Z, Hajdu I, Fenyvesi F, Trencsényi G. Insights into recent preclinical studies on labelled cyclodextrin-based imaging probes: towards a novel oncological era. Int J Pharm 2023; 640:122978. [PMID: 37121492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As malignancies remain one of the major health concerns worldwide, increasing focus has been centered around the application of cyclodextrins (CDs) in cancer imaging and therapy due to their outstanding inclusion forming capability. Albeit the physicochemical properties of CDs were intensively elucidated, the spread of their clinical application is limited by the relative paucity of knowledge about their pharmacokinetic profile, especially biodistribution. Studies applying fluorescently- CDs, or CD-based MRI contrast agents revealed much about pharmacokinetics and diagnostic applications; however, derivatives labelled with positron emitters seem superior molecular probes in the investigation of the route of CDs in biological niche. In vivo imaging based on preclinical tumor-bearing model systems are well-suited to evaluate the whole-body distribution of the two most frequently assessed CDs: randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RAMEB), and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD). Exploiting the firm signaling interaction between cancer-related cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and RAS oncoprotein, radioconjugated, PGE2-affine CDs project the establishment of novel imaging probes and therapeutic agents. Currently, we provide an overview of the preclinical studies on CD pharmacokinetics highlighting the significance of the integration of translational discoveries into human patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - István Hajdu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Ishitsuka Y, Irie T, Matsuo M. Cyclodextrins applied to the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114617. [PMID: 36356931 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide, is a pharmaceutical additive that improves the solubility of hydrophobic compounds. Recent research has focused on the potential active pharmaceutical abilities of CD. Lysosomal storage diseases are inherited metabolic diseases characterized by lysosomal dysfunction and abnormal lipid storage. Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is caused by mutations in cholesterol transporter genes (NPC1, NPC2) and is characterized by cholesterol accumulation in lysosomes. A biocompatible cholesterol solubilizer 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was recently used in NPC patients for compassionate use and in clinical trials. HP-β-CD is an attractive drug candidate for NPC; however, its adverse effects, such as ototoxicity, should be solved. In this review, we discuss the current use of HP-β-CD in basic and clinical research and discuss alternative CD derivatives that may outperform HP-β-CD, which should be considered for clinical use. The potential of CD therapy for the treatment of other lysosomal storage diseases is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Ishitsuka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Tetsumi Irie
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Packaging Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Muneaki Matsuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
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Trotta F, Loftsson T, Gaud R, Trivedi R, Shende P. Integration of cyclodextrins and associated toxicities: A roadmap for high quality biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Irie T. Inclusion Solves Insolubility —Translational Research Cycle from Bedside to Bench and Bench to Bedside for Drug Development Targeting Niemann-Pick Disease Type C—. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:389-400. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsumi Irie
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Effect of Curcumin-Hydroxypropyl-$$\beta$$-Cyclodextrin Complex and the Complex Loaded Gelatin Carrageenan Microparticles on the Various Chemical and Biological Properties. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Váradi J, Hermenean A, Gesztelyi R, Jeney V, Balogh E, Majoros L, Malanga M, Fenyvesi É, Szente L, Bácskay I, Vecsernyés M, Fehér P, Ujhelyi Z, Vasvári G, Árvai I, Rusznyák Á, Balta C, Herman H, Fenyvesi F. Pharmacokinetic Properties of Fluorescently Labelled Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100509. [PMID: 31546989 PMCID: PMC6843445 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) is utilized in the formulation of pharmaceutical products and recently orphan designation was granted for the treatment of Niemann–Pick disease, type C. The exact mechanism of HPBCD action and side effects are not completely explained. We used fluorescently labelled hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (FITC-HPBCD) to study its pharmacokinetic parameters in mice and compare with native HPBCD data. We found that FITC-HPBCD has fast distribution and elimination, similar to HPBCD. Interestingly animals could be divided into two groups, where the pharmacokinetic parameters followed or did not follow the two-compartment, first-order kinetic model. Tissue distribution studies revealed, that a significant amount of FITC-HPBCD could be detected in kidneys after 60 min treatment, due to its renal excretion. Ex vivo fluorescent imaging showed that fluorescence could be measured in lung, liver, brain and spleen after 30 min of treatment. To model the interaction and cellular distribution of FITC-HPBCD in the wall of blood vessels, we treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with FITC-HPBCD and demonstrated for the first time that this compound could be detected in the cytoplasm in small vesicles after 30 min of treatment. FITC-HPBCD has similar pharmacokinetic to HPBCD and can provide new information to the detailed mechanism of action of HPBCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Váradi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu Street, 310414 Arad, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenței Street, no. 91-95, 050095, sector 5, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jeney
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Enikő Balogh
- MTA-DE Lendület Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Majoros
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Milo Malanga
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R&D Laboratory Ltd., H-1097 Illatos St. 7., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Fenyvesi
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R&D Laboratory Ltd., H-1097 Illatos St. 7., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szente
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin R&D Laboratory Ltd., H-1097 Illatos St. 7., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Vecsernyés
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pálma Fehér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ujhelyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasvári
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Árvai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Rusznyák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Cornel Balta
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu Street, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Hildegard Herman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu Street, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Knauer N, Pashkina E, Apartsin E. Topological Aspects of the Design of Nanocarriers for Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E91. [PMID: 30795556 PMCID: PMC6410174 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry holds great potential for the design of versatile and safe carriers for therapeutic proteins and peptides. Nanocarriers can be designed to meet specific criteria for given application (exact drug, administration route, target tissue, etc.). However, alterations in the topology of formulation components can drastically change their activity. This is why the supramolecular topology of therapeutic nanoconstructions has to be considered. Herein, we discuss several topological groups used for the design of nanoformulations for peptide and protein delivery: modification of polypeptide chains by host-guest interactions; packaging of proteins and peptides into liposomes; complexation and conjugation with dendrimers. Each topological type has its own advantages and disadvantages, so careful design of nanoformulations is needed. Ideally, each case where nanomedicine is needed requires a therapeutic construction specially created for that taking into account features of the administration route, target tissue, or organ, properties of a drug, its bioavailability, etc. The wide number of studies in the field of protein delivery by supramolecular and nanocarriers for proteins and peptides evidence their increasing potential for different aspects of the innovative medicine. Although significant progress has been achieved in the field, there are several remaining challenges to be overcome in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Knauer
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 14, Yadrinthevskaya str., 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Pashkina
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 14, Yadrinthevskaya str., 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Apartsin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8, Lavrentiev ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2, Pirogov str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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9
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Hajdu I, Angyal J, Szikra D, Kertész I, Malanga M, Fenyvesi É, Szente L, Vecsernyés M, Bácskay I, Váradi J, Fehér P, Ujhelyi Z, Vasvári G, Rusznyák Á, Trencsényi G, Fenyvesi F. Radiochemical synthesis and preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-labeled NODAGA-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (68Ga-NODAGA-HPBCD). Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 128:202-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Topuz F, Uyar T. Electrospinning of Cyclodextrin Functional Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2018; 11:E6. [PMID: 30586876 PMCID: PMC6358759 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have sparked tremendous attention in drug delivery since they can offer high specific surface area, tailored release of drugs, controlled surface chemistry for preferred protein adsorption, and tunable porosity. Several functional motifs were incorporated into electrospun nanofibers to greatly expand their drug loading capacity or to provide the sustained release of the embedded drug molecules. In this regard, cyclodextrins (CyD) are considered as ideal drug carrier molecules as they are natural, edible, and biocompatible compounds with a truncated cone-shape with a relatively hydrophobic cavity interior for complexation with hydrophobic drugs and a hydrophilic exterior to increase the water-solubility of drugs. Further, the formation of CyD-drug inclusion complexes can protect drug molecules from physiological degradation, or elimination and thus increases the stability and bioavailability of drugs, of which the release takes place with time, accompanied by fiber degradation. In this review, we summarize studies related to CyD-functional electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery applications. The review begins with an introductory description of electrospinning; the structure, properties, and toxicology of CyD; and CyD-drug complexation. Thereafter, the release of various drug molecules from CyD-functional electrospun nanofibers is provided in subsequent sections. The review concludes with a summary and outlook on material strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Topuz
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Tamer Uyar
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Higashi T, Iohara D, Motoyama K, Arima H. Supramolecular Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Novel Concept Combining Pharmaceutical Sciences and Supramolecular Chemistry with a Focus on Cyclodextrin-Based Supermolecules. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:207-216. [PMID: 29491254 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry is an extremely useful and important domain for understanding pharmaceutical sciences because various physiological reactions and drug activities are based on supramolecular chemistry. However, it is not a major domain in the pharmaceutical field. In this review, we propose a new concept in pharmaceutical sciences termed "supramolecular pharmaceutical sciences," which combines pharmaceutical sciences and supramolecular chemistry. This concept could be useful for developing new ideas, methods, hypotheses, strategies, materials, and mechanisms in pharmaceutical sciences. Herein, we focus on cyclodextrin (CyD)-based supermolecules, because CyDs have been used not only as pharmaceutical excipients or active pharmaceutical ingredients but also as components of supermolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | | | | | - Hidetoshi Arima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program," Kumamoto University
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12
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Shen CL, Brackee G, Song X, Tomison MD, Finckbone V, Mitchell KT, Tang L, Chyu MC, Dunn DM, Wang JS. Safety Evaluation of Green Tea Polyphenols Consumption in Middle-aged Ovariectomized Rat Model. J Food Sci 2017; 82:2192-2205. [PMID: 28753729 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluates chronic safety in middle-aged ovariectomized rats supplemented with different dosages of green tea polyphenols (GTP) in drinking water. The experiment used 6-mo-old sham (n = 39) and ovariectomized (OVX, n = 143) female rats. All sham (n = 39) and 39 of the OVX animals received no GTP treatment and their samples were collected for outcome measures at baseline, 3 mo, and 6 mo (n = 13 per group for each). The remaining OVX animals were randomized into 4 groups receiving 0.15%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% (n = 26 for each) of GTP (wt/vol), respectively, in drinking water for 3 and 6 mo. No mortality or abnormal treatment-related findings in clinical observations or ophthalmologic examinations were noted. No treatment-related macroscopic or microscopic findings were noted for animals administered 1.5% GTP supplementation. Throughout the study, there was no difference in the body weight among all OVX groups. In all OVX groups, feed intake and water consumption significantly decreased with GTP dose throughout the study period. At 6 mo, GTP intake did not affect hematology, clinical chemistry, and urinalysis, except for phosphorus and blood urea nitrogen (increased), total cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, and urine pH (decreased). This study reveals that the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of GTP is 1.5% (wt/vol) in drinking water, the highest dose used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Dept. of Pathology, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Gordon Brackee
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Xiao Song
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, Ga., U.S.A
| | - Michael D Tomison
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - VelvetLee Finckbone
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Kelly T Mitchell
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Lili Tang
- Dept. of Environmental Health Science, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, Ga., U.S.A
| | - Ming-Chien Chyu
- Graduate Healthcare Engineering, Whitacre College of Engineering, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Dale M Dunn
- Dept. of Pathology, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Tex., U.S.A
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Dept. of Environmental Health Science, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, Ga., U.S.A
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Bettio LEB, Gil-Mohapel J, Patten AR, O'Rourke NF, Hanley RP, Gopalakrishnan K, Wulff JE, Christie BR. Effects of Isx-9 and stress on adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Experimental considerations and future perspectives. NEUROGENESIS 2017; 4:e1317692. [PMID: 28656155 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1317692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic small molecules capable of promoting neuronal fate in stem cells is a promising strategy to prevent the decline of hippocampal function caused by several neurological disorders. Within this context, isoxazole 9 (Isx-9) has been shown to strongly induce cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), while also improving hippocampal function in healthy mice. We have recently demonstrated that Isx-9 is able to restore normal neurogenesis levels after procedural stress. Here, we further discuss these findings highlighting the importance of including a naïve group in studies investigating the effects of either restraint stress or mild chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E B Bettio
- Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna R Patten
- Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natasha F O'Rourke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ronan P Hanley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karthik Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeremy E Wulff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian R Christie
- Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Bettio LE, Patten AR, Gil-Mohapel J, O’Rourke NF, Hanley RP, Kennedy S, Gopalakrishnan K, Rodrigues ALS, Wulff J, Christie BR. ISX-9 can potentiate cell proliferation and neuronal commitment in the rat dentate gyrus. Neuroscience 2016; 332:212-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Cyclodextrins in pharmaceutical formulations II: solubilization, binding constant, and complexation efficiency. Drug Discov Today 2015; 21:363-8. [PMID: 26687191 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides that have been recognized as pharmaceutical adjuvants for the past 20 years. The molecular structure of these glucose derivatives, which approximates a truncated cone, bucket, or torus, generates a hydrophilic exterior surface and a nonpolar interior cavity. Cyclodextrins can interact with appropriately sized drug molecules to yield an inclusion complex. These noncovalent inclusion complexes offer a variety of advantages over noncomplexed forms of a drug. Cyclodextrins are carbohydrates that are primarily used to enhance the aqueous solubility, physical chemical stability, and bioavailability of drugs. Their other applications include preventing drug-drug interactions, converting liquid drugs into microcrystalline powders, minimizing gastrointestinal and ocular irritation, and reducing or eliminating unpleasant taste and smell. Here, we focus on the solubilization of drugs by complexation, and discuss the determination and significance of binding constants for cyclodextrin complexes, and the determination of complexation efficiency and factors that influence it. We also make some general observations on cyclodextrin complexation and the use of cyclodextrins in solid, as well as parenteral, dosage forms.
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