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Favere K, Van Hecke M, Eens S, Bosman M, Stobbelaar K, Hotterbeekx A, Kumar-Singh S, L Delputte P, Fransen E, De Sutter J, Guns PJ, Roskams T, Heidbuchel H. The natural history of CVB3 myocarditis in C57BL/6J mice: an extended in-depth characterization. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 72:107652. [PMID: 38750778 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Viral infections are the leading cause of myocarditis. Besides acute cardiac complications, late-stage sequelae such as myocardial fibrosis may develop, importantly impacting the prognosis. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB)-induced myocarditis in mice is the most commonly used translational model to study viral myocarditis and has provided the majority of our current understanding of the disease pathophysiology. Nevertheless, the late stages of disease, encompassing fibrogenesis and arrhythmogenesis, have been underappreciated in viral myocarditis research to date. The present study investigated the natural history of CVB-induced myocarditis in C57BL/6J mice, expanding the focus beyond the acute phase of disease. In addition, we studied the impact of sex and inoculation dose on the disease course. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice (12 weeks old; n=154) received a single intraperitoneal injection with CVB to induce viral myocarditis, or vehicle (PBS) as control. Male mice (n=92) were injected with 5 × 105 (regular dose) (RD) or 5 × 106 (high dose) (HD) plaque-forming units of CVB, whereas female mice received the RD only. Animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 4, 8, and 11 weeks after CVB or PBS injection. Virally inoculated mice developed viral disease with a temporary decline in general condition and weight loss, which was less pronounced in female animals (P<.001). In male CVB mice, premature mortality occurred between days 8 and 23 after inoculation (RD: 21%, HD: 20%), whereas all female animals survived. Over the course of disease, cardiac inflammation progressively subsided, with faster resolution in female mice. There were no substantial group differences in the composition of the inflammatory cell infiltrates: predominance of cytotoxic T cells at day 7 and 14, and a switch from arginase1-reactive macrophages to iNOS-reactive macrophages from day 7 to 14 were the main findings. There was concomitant development and maturation of different patterns of myocardial fibrosis, with enhanced fibrogenesis in male mice. Virus was almost completely cleared from the heart by day 14. Serum biomarkers of cardiac damage and cardiac expression of remodeling genes were temporarily elevated during the acute phase of disease. Cardiac CTGF gene upregulation was less prolonged in female CVB animals. In vivo electrophysiology studies at weeks 8 and 11 demonstrated that under baseline conditions (i.e. in the absence of proarrhythmogenic drugs), ventricular arrhythmias could only be induced in CVB animals. The cumulative arrhythmia burden throughout the entire stimulation protocol was not significantly different between CVB and control groups. CONCLUSION CVB inoculation in C57BL/6J mice represents a model of acute self-limiting viral myocarditis, with progression to different patterns of myocardial fibrosis. Sex, but not inoculation dose, seems to modulate the course of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Favere
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Manon Van Hecke
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Eens
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthias Bosman
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kim Stobbelaar
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Hotterbeekx
- Molecular Pathology Group, FGGW-Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Molecular Pathology Group, FGGW-Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter L Delputte
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- Centre for Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan De Sutter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
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Alsmadi MM, Jaradat MM, Obaidat RM, Alnaief M, Tayyem R, Idkaidek N. The In Vitro, In Vivo, and PBPK Evaluation of a Novel Lung-Targeted Cardiac-Safe Hydroxychloroquine Inhalation Aerogel. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:172. [PMID: 37566183 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was repurposed for COVID-19 treatment. Subtherapeutic HCQ lung levels and cardiac toxicity of oral HCQ were overcome by intratracheal (IT) administration of lower HCQ doses. The crosslinker-free supercritical fluid technology (SFT) produces aerogels and impregnates them with drugs in their amorphous form with efficient controlled release. Mechanistic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling can predict the lung's epithelial lining fluid (ELF) drug levels. This study aimed to develop a novel HCQ SFT formulation for IT administration to achieve maximal ELF levels and minimal cardiac toxicity. HCQ SFT formulation was prepared and evaluated for physicochemical, in vitro release, pharmacokinetics, and cardiac toxicity. Finally, the rat HCQ ELF concentrations were predicted using PBPK modeling. HCQ was amorphous after loading into the chitosan-alginate nanoporous microparticles (22.7±7.6 μm). The formulation showed a zero-order release, with only 40% released over 30 min compared to 94% for raw HCQ. The formulation had a tapped density of 0.28 g/cm3 and a loading efficiency of 35.3±1.3%. The IT administration of SFT HCQ at 1 mg/kg resulted in 23.7-fold higher bioavailability, fourfold longer MRT, and eightfold faster absorption but lower CK-MB and LDH levels than oral raw HCQ at 4 mg/kg. The PBPK model predicted 6 h of therapeutic ELF levels for IT SFT HCQ and a 100-fold higher ELF-to-heart concentration ratio than oral HCQ. Our findings support the feasibility of lung-targeted and more effective SFT HCQ IT administration for COVID-19 compared to oral HCQ with less cardiac toxicity. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo'tasem M Alsmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
- Nanotechnology Institute, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Mays M Jaradat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Rana M Obaidat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alnaief
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
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3
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Johansson C, Hunt H, Signorelli M, Edfors F, Hober A, Svensson AS, Tegel H, Forstström B, Aartsma-Rus A, Niks E, Spitali P, Uhlén M, Szigyarto CAK. Orthogonal proteomics methods warrant the development of Duchenne muscular dystrophy biomarkers. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 37308827 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular components in blood, such as proteins, are used as biomarkers to detect or predict disease states, guide clinical interventions and aid in the development of therapies. While multiplexing proteomics methods promote discovery of such biomarkers, their translation to clinical use is difficult due to the lack of substantial evidence regarding their reliability as quantifiable indicators of disease state or outcome. To overcome this challenge, a novel orthogonal strategy was developed and used to assess the reliability of biomarkers and analytically corroborate already identified serum biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a monogenic incurable disease characterized by progressive muscle damage that currently lacks reliable and specific disease monitoring tools. METHODS Two technological platforms are used to detect and quantify the biomarkers in 72 longitudinally collected serum samples from DMD patients at 3 to 5 timepoints. Quantification of the biomarkers is achieved by detection of the same biomarker fragment either through interaction with validated antibodies in immuno-assays or through quantification of peptides by Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry assay (PRM-MS). RESULTS Five, out of ten biomarkers previously identified by affinity-based proteomics methods, were confirmed to be associated with DMD using the mass spectrometry-based method. Two biomarkers, carbonic anhydrase III and lactate dehydrogenase B, were quantified with two independent methods, sandwich immunoassays and PRM-MS, with Pearson correlations of 0.92 and 0.946 respectively. The median concentrations of CA3 and LDHB in DMD patients was elevated in comparison to those in healthy individuals by 35- and 3-fold, respectively. Levels of CA3 vary between 10.26 and 0.36 ng/ml in DMD patients whereas those of LDHB vary between 15.1 and 0.8 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that orthogonal assays can be used to assess the analytical reliability of biomarker quantification assays, providing a means to facilitate the translation of biomarkers to clinical practice. This strategy also warrants the development of the most relevant biomarkers, markers that can be reliably quantified with different proteomics methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Johansson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helian Hunt
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mirko Signorelli
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fredrik Edfors
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hober
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anne-Sophie Svensson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Tegel
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Forstström
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Niks
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cristina Al-Khalili Szigyarto
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
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Mousa AM, Soliman KEA, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Aljasir M, Alwashmi ASS, Ahmed AA, Khan A, Al-Regaiey KA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aljarbou WA, Elsayed AM. Could allicin alleviate trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic properties? Life Sci 2022; 302:120656. [PMID: 35605695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although trastuzumab (TZB)-induced cardiotoxicity is well documented and allicin (one of the main active garlic ingredients) has ameliorating effects against numerous causes of toxicities; however, the influence of allicin on TZB-induced cardiotoxicity has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the current work explored the potential cardioprotective structural, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of allicin against TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat's model. METHODS Forty rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for five weeks. The control group (G1) received PBS, the allicin group (G2) received allicin (9 mg/kg/day), the TZB group (G3) received TZB (6 mg/kg/week), and the allicin+TZB group (G4) received 9 mg of allicin/kg/day +6 mg of TZB/kg/week. Heart specimens and blood samples were processed for histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular investigations to determine the extent of cardiac injury in all groups. KEY FINDINGS The myocardium of G3 revealed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory and apoptotic cells and the area percentage of collagen fibers and TNF-α immunoexpression compared with G1 and G2. Besides, qRT-PCR analysis exhibited significant reductions of SOD3, GPX1, and CAT expressions with significant increases in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, cTnI, cTnT, and LDH expressions. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in the apoptotic and ROS levels. In contrast, allicin+TZB cotherapy in G4 ameliorated all previous changes compared with G3. SIGNIFICANCE The current study proves that allicin could be used as a novel supplementary cardioprotective therapy to avoid TZB-induced cardiotoxicity via its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
| | - Khaled E A Soliman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahdi H Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abulmaaty M Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
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5
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Bergenin from Bergenia Species Produces a Protective Response against Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bergenin is a phenolic glycoside that has been reported to occur naturally in several plant species, reported as a cardioprotective. However, bergenin, one of the important phytochemicals in these plants, is still not reported as a cardioprotective. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of bergenin on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Bergenin and atenolol were administered through intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats in separate experiments for five (5) days. At the end of this period, rats were administered isoproterenol (80 mg/kg s.c.) to induce myocardial injury. After induction, rats were anaesthetized to record lead II ECG, then sacrificed, blood was collected to analyze cardiac marker enzymes, and a histopathological study of the heart tissues was also performed. Pretreatment with bergenin showed a significant decrease in ST-segment elevation, deep Q-wave, infarct size, and also normalized cardiac marker enzymes (cTnI, CPK, CK-MB, LDH, ALT, and AST), particularly at 3 mg/kg, as compared to isoproterenol treated group. Our findings revealed, for the first time, the use of glycoside bergenin as a potential cardioprotective agent against the isoproterenol-induced MI in rats.
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Chen RJ, Lee YH, Chen TH, Chen YY, Yeh YL, Chang CP, Huang CC, Guo HR, Wang YJ. Carbon monoxide-triggered health effects: the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1141-1159. [PMID: 33554280 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-02976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been known as a "silent killer" because of its ability to bind hemoglobin (Hb), leading to reduced oxygen carrying capacity of Hb, which is the main cause of CO poisoning (COP) in humans. Emerging studies suggest that mitochondria is a key target of CO action that can impact key biological processes, including apoptosis, cellular proliferation, inflammation, and autophagy. Despite its toxicity at high concentrations, CO also exhibits cyto- and tissue-protective effects at low concentrations in animal models of organ injury and disease. Specifically, CO modulates the production of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and mediators by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Given that human diseases are strongly associated with inflammation, a deep understanding of the exact mechanism is helpful for treatment. Autophagic factors and inflammasomes interact in various situations, including inflammatory disease, and exosomes might function as the bridge between the inflammasome and autophagy activation. Thus, the interplay among autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, exosomes, and the inflammasome may play pivotal roles in the health effects of CO. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the beneficial and toxic effects of CO and their underlying mechanisms, focusing on the important role of the inflammasome and its possible crosstalk with autophagy and exosomes. This knowledge may lead to the development of new therapies for inflammation-related diseases and is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of COP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Senior Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Occupational Safety, Health and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Novel biomarkers for subtle myocardial involvement in type I diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2020; 10:175-181. [PMID: 34386719 PMCID: PMC8352619 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Evaluation of certain biomarkers could be used to predict left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function impairment in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine the best cardiac biomarker for prediction of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methodology This study was designed as case-control study. A total of 55 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (group/G1) and 55 healthy controls (G2) were subjected to echocardiography including 3D-Speckle Tracking Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging for assessment of RV and LV systolic and diastolic functions. As well as HbA1c, troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), plasma cardiotrophin (CT-1), activin-A, transforming growth factor-β, and human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) measurements. Results Diabetic patients showed RV and LV systo-diastolic dysfunction compared to controls, the best predictor of LV systolic dysfunction was CT-1 (sensitivity: 69%, while IGFBP-7 was found to be the best predictor of RV systolic dysfunction (sensitivity: 63%). BNP was found to the best predictor of diastolic RV and LV dysfunction (sensitivity: 82% for both). Conclusion CT-1 has proven to be a diagnostic superiority in LV systolic dysfunction whilst BNP continues to prove every day through our study and through many others that it is the chief marker of diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF. This potential accuracy and the increasing availability of BNP in the outpatient setting make it clear that it should be used as a screening test for diabetic patients.
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8
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Saleh D, Abdelbaset M, Hassan A, Sharaf O, Mahmoud S, Hegazy R. Omega-3 fatty acids ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiorenal toxicity: In-vivo regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and renal Nox4, and in-vitro preservation of the cytotoxic efficacy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242175. [PMID: 33180794 PMCID: PMC7660507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids (OMG), a frequently used nutritional therapy in cancer patients, against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced acute cardiorenal toxicity in rats, and evaluates the cytotoxic activity of DOX when used with OMG against breast cancer cell line. Five groups of rats were treated for 4 consecutive weeks with vehicle (groups I & II), or OMG (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day, po; groups III, IV & V, respectively). After twenty-four hours, the last four groups were injected with DOX (200 mg/kg, ip). In DOX-treated rats, the altered ECG, serum cardiac and renal function biomarkers, and histopathological features indicated the induction of cardiorenal toxicity. Increased oxidative and apoptotic markers in both organs was observed, with elevated renal contents of NADPH-oxidase-4 (Nox4) and renin. OMG pretreatment improved those DOX-induced impairments in a dose-dependent manner, and showed antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects with regulation of renal Nox4 expression. The in-vitro study showed preservation of the cytotoxic activity of DOX on MCF7 cell line in the presence of OMG. The data suggests OMG for protection against acute DOX-induced cardiorenal damage without affecting the latter antitumor activity. It proposes regulation of oxidative stress, Nox4 activity and apoptosis as contributing protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abdelbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola Sharaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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9
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Maqoud F, Zizzo N, Mele A, Denora N, Passantino G, Scala R, Cutrignelli A, Tinelli A, Laquintana V, la Forgia F, Fontana S, Franco M, Lopedota AA, Tricarico D. The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-minoxidil inclusion complex improves the cardiovascular and proliferative adverse effects of minoxidil in male rats: Implications in the treatment of alopecia. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00585. [PMID: 32378360 PMCID: PMC7203570 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of minoxidil (MXD) ethanolic solutions (1%-5% w/v) in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia is limited by adverse reactions. The toxicological effects of repeated topical applications of escalating dose (0.035%-3.5% w/v) and of single and twice daily doses (3.5% w/v) of a novel hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin MXD GEL formulation (MXD/HP-β-CD) and a MXD solution were investigated in male rats. The cardiovascular effects were evaluated by telemetric monitoring of ECG and arterial pressure in free-moving rats. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cardiac morphology and function, and histopathological and biochemical analysis of the tissues, were performed. A pharmacovigilance investigation was undertaken using the EudraVigilance database for the evaluation of the potential cancer-related effects of topical MXD. Following the application of repeated escalating doses of MXD solution, cardiac hypertrophy, hypotension, enhanced serum natriuretic peptides and K+ -ion levels, serum liver biomarkers, and histological lesions including renal cancer were observed. In addition, the administration of a twice daily dose of MXD solution, at SF rat vs human = 311, caused reductions in the systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure of the rats (-30.76 ± 3%, -28.84 ± 4%, and -30.66 ± 5%, respectively, vs the baseline; t test P < .05). These effects were not reversible following washout of the MXD solution. Retrospective investigation showed 32 cases of cancer associated with the use of topical MXD in humans. The rats treated with MXD HP-β-CD were less severely affected. MXD causes proliferative adverse effects. The MXD HP-β-CD inclusion complex reduces these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Rosa Scala
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Anatomy PathologyDepartment of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Flavia la Forgia
- Farmalabor s.r.I.Centro di Ricerca “Dr. Sergio Fontana 1900‐1982”Canosa di PugliaItaly
| | - Sergio Fontana
- Farmalabor s.r.I.Centro di Ricerca “Dr. Sergio Fontana 1900‐1982”Canosa di PugliaItaly
| | - Massimo Franco
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Angela Assunta Lopedota
- Pharmaceutical TechnologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmacy – Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BariBariItaly
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Ebrahimi A, Raichlen JS, Pointon A, Gottfridsson C, Munley J, Hockings P, Cartwright J, Buss N, Wikström J, Gan LM, Whittaker A, Khalil A, George RT, Garkaviy P, Brott D. Drug-induced myocardial dysfunction - recommendations for assessment in clinical and pre-clinical studies. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2020; 19:281-294. [PMID: 32064957 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2020.1731471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Drug-induced myocardial dysfunction is an important safety concern during drug development. Oncology compounds can cause myocardial dysfunction, leading to decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and heart failure via several mechanisms. Cardiovascular imaging has a major role in the early detection and monitoring of cardiotoxicity. Echocardiography is the method of choice because of its widespread availability, low cost, and absence of radiation exposure. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can provide better reliability, reproducibility, and accuracy in the detection of drug-induced myocardial dysfunction. In addition, it enables assessment of myocardial edema, fibrosis, and necrosis. Cardiac serologic biomarkers such as troponins and B-type natriuretic peptides are used in combination with imaging during drug development. This article provides a general overview of each imaging modality and practical guidance for early detection and monitoring of cardiotoxicity.Areas covered: Cardiovascular imaging modalities and cardiac biomarkers for monitoring of cardiac function and early detection of drug-induced myocardial dysfunction in drug development.Expert opinion: Some new drugs especially in the oncology field, can cause myocardial dysfunction. Depending on the strength of pre-clinical or clinical data, CV imaging modalities and cardiac biomarkers play an important role in the early detection and mitigation plans for such drugs during their development.
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Yu Y, Wu M, Zhang N, Yin H, Shu B, Duan W. A pilot study on searching for peri-nuclear NeuN-positive cells. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8254. [PMID: 31938576 PMCID: PMC6953339 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find out neuron (-like) cells in peripheral organs by cell markers in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized. Their organs including brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, stomach, duodenum, and ileum were harvested. The mRNA and protein in these organs were extracted. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was carried out, and NeuN, a “specific” marker for neuronal soma, was assayed with Western blotting. The sections of the aforementioned organs were obtained after a routine fixation (4% methanal)-dehydration (ethanol)-embedding (paraffin) process. NeuN in the sections and seven non-neuronal cell lines was analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) or immunohistochemistry (IHC). Neuronal markers, such as Eno2, NeuN (Rbfox3), choline acetyltransferase (Chat), as well as tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), and neuronal-glial markers, e.g., glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap), S100b, 2′, 3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (Cnp), and other related markers, were positively expressed in all the organs at mRNA level. NeuN was further analyzed by Western blotting. The IF and IHC assays showed that NeuN-positive cells were distributed in all the peripheral tissues (mainly peri-nuclear NeuN-positive cells) though with different patterns from that in brain (nuclear NeuN-positive cells), and a NeuN-negative tissue could not be found. Especially, NeuN and Myl3 co-expressed in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells, suggesting that NeuN could possess other functions than neuronal differentiation. Also, the protein was positively expressed in seven non-neuronal cell lines. Our findings suggested that NeuN-positive cells exist widely, and without identification of its distribution pattern, the specificity of NeuN for neurons could be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Meiyu Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Shu
- Jiangsu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Materia Medica, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weigang Duan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Cheng KC, Li Y, Chang WT, Chen ZC, Cheng JT, Tsai CC. Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3a (UBE3A) as a new biomarker of cardiac hypertrophy in cell models. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 27:355-364. [PMID: 30648591 PMCID: PMC9298619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is widely diagnosed in clinical cardiac disorders. The pathophysiology of hypertrophy is complex and multifactorial, a series of molecular and cellular changes are participated, such as activation of different signaling pathways, a switch of fetal gene program in the myocardium, and apoptosis. Some biomarkers have been applied to assess cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP), brain/B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP), and α- or β- Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) in addition to others. Recently, ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) has been observed to increase in cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, UBE3A as a new biomarker seems valuable in the clinic. The cardiac hypertrophy is induced in rat-derived heart cell line H9c2 cells by potassium bromate (KBrO3), high glucose (HG), or isoproterenol (Iso), respectively. As an oxidizing agent, KBrO3 increased cell size at concentrations less than 250 μM. Similarly, HG and Iso also induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells. Interestingly, each kind of the cell models promoted the gene expression of the well-known biomarkers of cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natri-uretic peptides (ANP) and brain/B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP). Additionally, UBE3A is also raised with the signals involved in cardiac hypertrophy such as calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) determined using Western blots. KBrO3 increased the protein levels of these signals and the specific inhibitor, such as cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, attenuated the signaling in H9c2 cells at concentrations sufficient to inhibit calcineurin in addition to the reduction of mRNA levels of UBE3A, similar to ANP or BNP. Moreover, HG or Iso also significantly increased protein levels of UBE3A in H9c2 cells. Taken together, we provided a new view that UBE3A is markedly raised in cardiac hypertrophy using various cell models, mainly through the activation of the calcineurin/
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890, Japan
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890, Japan; Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan
| | - Zhih-Cherng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Jean-Tae City, Tainan County, 71701, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Gueiren, Tainan City, 71101, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical University, Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan.
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Translational trio of myocardial biomarkers for prediction, monitoring and controlling toxicologic response: Mechanistic (high content analysis), leakage (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I) and function biomarkers (B-type natriuretic peptide). CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Qualification of safety biomarkers for use in drug development: What has been achieved and what is the path forward? CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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