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Nguyen QA, Kim B, Chung HY, Ahn YY, Kim K. Detoxification of arsenite by iodide in frozen solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139903. [PMID: 37611765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of arsenite (As(III)) to arsenate (As(V)) has received significant attention because it helps mitigate the hazardous and adverse effects of As(III) and subsequently improves the effectiveness of arsenic removal. This study developed an efficient freezing technology for the oxidative transformation of As(III) based on iodide (I-). For a sample containing a very low concentration of 20 μM As(III) and 200 μM I- frozen at -20 °C, approximately 19 μM As(V) was formed after reaction for 0.5 h at pH 3. This rapid conversion has never been achieved in previous studies. However, As(V) was not generated in water at 25 °C. The acceleration of the oxidation of As(III) by I- in ice may be attributed to the freeze-concentration effect. During freezing, all components (i.e., As(III), I-, and protons) are highly concentrated in the ice grain boundary regions, resulting in thermodynamically and kinetically favorable conditions for the redox reaction between As(III) and I-. The efficiency of the oxidation of As(III) using I- increased at high I- concentrations and low pH values. The low freezing temperature (below -20 °C) hindered the oxidative transformation of As(III) by I-. The efficiency of the oxidation of As(III) significantly increased using a fixed initial concentration of I- by subjecting the system to six freezing-melting cycles. The outcomes of this study suggest the possibility of the self-detoxification of As(III) in the natural environment, indicating the potential for developing an eco-friendly method for the treatment of As(III)-contaminated areas in regions with a cold climate. It also demonstrates radical remediation to almost completely remove a very small amount of As(III) that was input in As(III)-contaminated wastewater detoxification, a benchmark that existing methods have been unable to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Anh Nguyen
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Chung
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yoon Ahn
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea.
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Alam M, Alshehri T, Wang J, Singerling SA, Alpers CN, Baalousha M. Identification and quantification of Cr, Cu, and As incidental nanomaterials derived from CCA-treated wood in wildland-urban interface fire ashes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130608. [PMID: 37056018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the combustion of vegetation, fires at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) burn structural materials, including chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood. This study identifies, quantifies, and characterizes Cr-, Cu-, and As-bearing incidental nanomaterials (INMs) in WUI fire ashes collected from three residential structures suspected to have originated from the combustion of CCA-treated wood. The total elemental concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma-time of flight-mass spectrometry (ICP-TOF-MS) following acid digestion. The crystalline phases were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), specifically using electron diffraction and high-resolution imaging. The multi-element single particle composition and size distribution were determined by single particle (SP)-ICP-TOF-MS coupled with agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis. Chromium, Cu, and As are the dominant elements in the ashes and together account for 93%, 83%, and 24% of the total mass of measured elements in the ash samples. Chromium, Cu, and As phases, analyzed by TEM, most closely match CrO3, CrO2, eskolaite (Cr2O3), CuCrO2, CuCr2O4, CrAs2O6, As2O5, AsO2, claudetite (As2O3, monoclinic), or arsenolite (As2O3, cubic), although a bona fide phase identification for each particle was not always possible. These phases occur predominantly as heteroaggregates. Multi-element single particle analyses demonstrate that Cr occurs as a pure phase (i.e., Cr oxides) as well as in association with other elements (e.g., Cu and As); Cu occurs predominantly in association with Cr and As; and As occurs as As oxides and in association with Cu and Cr. Several Cr, Cu, and As clusters were identified and the molar ratios of Cr/Cu and Cr/As within these clusters are consistent with the crystalline phases identified by TEM as well as their heteroaggregates. These results indicate that WUI fires can lead to significant release of CCA constituents and their combustion-transformed by-products into the surrounding environment. This study also provides a method to identify and track CCA constituents in environmental systems based on multi-element analysis using SP-ICP-TOF-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbub Alam
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Talal Alshehri
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States; Environmental Health Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Sheryl A Singerling
- National Center for Earth and Environmental Nanotechnology Infrastructure (NanoEarth), Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Charles N Alpers
- US Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819, United States
| | - Mohammed Baalousha
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States.
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Takahashi N, Yamaguchi S, Ohtsuka R, Takeda M, Yoshida T, Kosaka T, Harada T. Gene expression analysis of antioxidant and DNA methylation on the rat liver after 4-week wood preservative chromated copper arsenate exposure. J Toxicol Pathol 2023; 36:31-43. [PMID: 36683727 PMCID: PMC9837468 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2022-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous 4-week repeated dose toxicity study showed that wood preservative chromated copper arsenate (CCA) induced hepatocellular hypertrophy accompanied by biochemical hepatic dysfunction and an increase in oxidative stress marker, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in female rats. To further explore the molecular mechanisms of CCA hepatotoxicity, we analyzed 10%-buffered formalin-fixed liver samples from female rats for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and protein glutathionylation and conducted microarray analysis on frozen liver samples from female rats treated with 0 or 80 mg/kg/day of CCA. Chemical analysis revealed that dimethylated arsenical was the major metabolite in liver tissues of male and female rats. CCA increase labeling indices of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and decrease terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling accompanied with increased expression of protein glutathionylation, indicating a decrease in glutathione (GSH) in hepatocytes of female rats. Microarray analysis revealed that CCA altered gene expression of antioxidants, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), heat shock proteins and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA methylation, cytochrome P450, and glucose and lipid metabolism in female rats. Increased expression of GSTs, including Gsta2, Gsta3, Mgst1, and Cdkn1b (p27), and decreased expression of the antioxidant Mt1, and DNA methylation Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Ctcf were confirmed in the liver of female rats in a dose-dependent manner. Methylation status of the promoter region of the Mt1 was not evidently changed between control and treatment groups. The results suggested that CCA decreased GSH and altered the expression of several genes, including antioxidants, GST, and DNA methylation, followed by impaired cell proliferation in the liver of female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Takahashi
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan,*Corresponding author: N Takahashi (e-mail: )
| | - Satoru Yamaguchi
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Ohtsuka
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Makio Takeda
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kosaka
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Takanori Harada
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321
Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
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Environmental and Health Hazards of Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Wood: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115518. [PMID: 34063914 PMCID: PMC8196618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper chrome arsenate (CCA) water-borne solution used to be widely used to make timber highly resistant to pests and fungi, in particular, wood products designed for outdoor use. Nowadays, CCA is a restricted chemical product in most countries, since potential environmental and health risks were reported due to dermal contact with CCA residues from treated structures and the surrounding soil, as well as the contamination of soils. However, large quantities of CCA-treated timber are still in use in framings, outdoor playground equipment, landscaping, building poles, jetty piles, and fencing structures around the world, thus CCA remains a source of pollutants to the environment and of increasing toxic metal/metalloid exposure (mainly in children). International efforts have been dedicated to the treatment of materials impregnated with CCA, however not only does some reuse of CCA-treated timber still occur, but also existing structures are leaking the toxic compounds into the environment, with impacts on the environment and animal and human health. This study highlights CCA mechanisms and the documented consequences in vivo of its exposure, as well as the adverse environmental and health impacts.
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Matos RC, Oliveira H, Fonseca HMAC, Morais S, Sharma B, Santos C, de Lourdes Pereira M. Comparative Cr, As and CCA induced Cytostaticity in mice kidney: A contribution to assess CCA toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103297. [PMID: 31731207 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CCA (Chromium Copper Arsenate) treated wood, widely used in outdoor residential structures and playgrounds, poses considerable dangers of leaching of its components to the environment. In this study, mouse kidney samples were used to evaluate the effects of CCA, chromium trioxide (CrO3) and arsenic pentoxide (As2O5) on cell pathophysiology by flow cytometry. Samples were collected after 14, 24, 48 and 96 h of animal exposure. While Cr had no statistically significant cytostatic effects, As2O5 induced a S-phase delay in animals exposed for 24 h, and over time a G0/G1 phase blockage. The effects of CCA in S-phase were similar, but more severe than those of As2O5. Since environmental and public health hazards due to the long durability of CCA-treated wood products, these data confirm that CCA has profoundly toxic effects on cell cycle, distinct from the compounds themselves. These cytostatic effects support cell cycle dynamics as a valuable endpoint to assess the toxicity of remaining CCA-treated infrastructures, and the expected increased waste stream over the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cerejeira Matos
- Department of Biology, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; University of Helsinki Institute of Biotechnology Viikinkaari 9, Biocenter 1, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, GreenUP /Citab UP, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Fagbenro OS, Alimba CG, Bakare AA. Experimental modeling of the acute toxicity and cytogenotoxic fate of composite mixtures of chromate, copper and arsenate oxides associated with CCA preservative using Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822). Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2019; 34:e2019010. [PMID: 31771319 PMCID: PMC7014949 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.e2019010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Concurrent occurrence of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood preservative in aquatic ecosystems demands that their joint-actions in eliciting toxic effects be assessed for adequate understanding of the health risk they may pose to biota. Clarias gariepinus was exposed to As2O3 , CrO3 and CuO and their composite mixtures (1:1 and 1:1:1) at various concentrations (0 – 600 mg/L) for 96-h to determine the acute toxicity using OECD (1992) protocol. C. gariepinus was then exposed to sub-lethal concentrations corresponding to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100% of the 96-h LC50 for 7 days to assess the cytogenotoxic effects using piscine micronucleus (MN) test. The 96-h LC50 showed that the metals/metalloid demonstrated differential interactions in a concentration dependent pattern. The 96-h LC50 showed that Cr was the most toxic while Cu and As:Cu were indeterminate (Cr > Cr:Cu > As:Cr > As > As:Cr:Cu > Cu = As:Cu indeterminate). Isobologram and synergistic ratio (SR) models predicted antagonistic interaction between Cu:Cr and As:Cr and synergism between As:Cu in the causation of morbidity and mortality of C. gariepinus. Interaction factor model predicted antagonism as common interactive mechanism among the metal/metalloid mixtures in the induction of MN and abnormal nuclear erythrocytes in C. gariepinus. Predicted interactions among the three metals/ metalloid were largely antagonism and synergism towards the induction of acute toxicity and cytogenotoxicity. The models employed herein may be useful in establishing environmental safe limits for mixtures of metals/metalloids against the induction of acute toxicity and DNA damage in lower aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukunle S Fagbenro
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany
| | - Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany.,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Adekunle A Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Germany
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