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Millington-Ward S, Palfi A, Shortall C, Finnegan LK, Bargroff E, Post IJM, Maguire J, Irnaten M, O′Brien C, Kenna PF, Chadderton N, Farrar GJ. AAV-NDI1 Therapy Provides Significant Benefit to Murine and Cellular Models of Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8876. [PMID: 39201561 PMCID: PMC11354491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness, is a multifactorial condition that leads to progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and vision. Therapeutic interventions based on reducing ocular hypertension are not always successful. Emerging features of glaucoma include mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In the current study, NDI1-based gene therapy, which improves mitochondrial function and reduces reactive oxygen species, was delivered intraocularly via an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV). This AAV-NDI1 therapy protected RGCs from cell death in treated (1552.4 ± 994.0 RGCs/mm2) versus control eyes (1184.4 ± 978.4 RGCs/mm2, p < 0.05) in aged DBA/2J mice, a murine model of glaucoma. The photonegative responses (PhNRs) of RGCs were also improved in treated (6.4 ± 3.3 µV) versus control eyes (5.0 ± 3.1 µV, p < 0.05) in these mice. AAV-NDI1 also provided benefits in glaucomatous human lamina cribrosa (LC) cells by significantly increasing basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates and ATP production in these cells. Similarly, NDI1 therapy significantly protected H2O2-insulted primary porcine LC cells from oxidative stress. This study highlights the potential utility of NDI1 therapies and the benefits of improving mitochondrial function in the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Millington-Ward
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - Arpad Palfi
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - Ciara Shortall
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - Laura K. Finnegan
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - Ethan Bargroff
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - Iris J. M. Post
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - John Maguire
- The Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, D02XK51 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, D07K201 Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
| | - Colm O′Brien
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, D07K201 Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
| | - Paul F. Kenna
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
- The Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, D02XK51 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Naomi Chadderton
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
| | - G. Jane Farrar
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02VF25 Dublin, Ireland; (A.P.); (C.S.); (L.K.F.); (E.B.); (I.J.M.P.); (P.F.K.); (G.J.F.)
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