Effect of Nasal Corticosteroid on Secretory Immunoglobulin A Measured in Rat Nasal Lavage: Experimental Study

Effect of nasal antihistamine on secretory IgA in nasal lavage of rats

The humoral IgA is an immunoglobulin which plays a defensive role for organisms on mucosal surfaces. Today, intranasal antihistamines are effectively used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. In our study, the effect of azelastine hydrochloride-a nasal antihistaminic-on humoral IgA of the nasal mucosa has been reviewed empirically. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were included in our study. The rats were divided into three groups randomly. Group 1(azelastine hydrochloride): rats in this group had nasal azelastine hydrochloride (0.05%) applied for 30 days at 10 µl/nostril dosage. Group 2 (saline): saline (0.09%) was applied to the rats in this group for 30 days at 10 µl/nostril dosage. Group 3 (control): no application was made throughout the study. The chemicals applied in Groups 1 and 2 were applied to both nostrils by mounting a flexible micropipette to the end of an insulin injector. At the beginning of the study, nasal lavage was performed to both nostrils of the rats in every group on the 15th and 30th day to aspirate irrigation solution (distilled water). The aspirated liquids were kept at - 80° temperature and reviewed together at the end of study. Within-group comparisons: in Group 1 (azelastine hydrochloride), the humoral IgA value on the 15th day was significantly higher than the basal value (p = 0.037). There is a significant difference between humoral IgA value on the 30th day and humoral IgA value on the 15th day (p = 0.045). In Group 2 (saline), no significant difference is available between basal, 15th day and 30th day humoral IgA values (p = 0.265). In Group 3 (control), no significant difference is available between basal, 15th day and 30th day humoral IgA values (p = 0.374). Between-group comparison: there is no significant difference in between-group humoral IgA basal values (p = 0.714). On days 15 and 30, Humoral IgA value of Group 1 was significantly higher than that of Groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.013, p = 0.024, respectively). According to the results we achieved in our study, nasal antihistaminic (azelastine hydrochloride) significantly increases the level of humoral IgA. Our study is the first one in the literature to reveal a relation between nasal antihistaminic and humoral IgA and there is a further need for clinical, randomized and prospective studies.

Effects of propolis in an experimental rat model of allergic rhinitis

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to determine the anti-allergic activity of propolis in an ovalbumin-induced rat model of allergic rhinitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This prospective experimental study was conducted at Hakan Çetinsaya Clinical and Experimental Animal Research Center with 30 rats. After sensitization of all rats with 0.3mg intraperitoneal ovalbumin plus 30mg aluminum hydroxide for 14days (first phase), rats were divided to five groups. In the second phase of the study 10μL of ovalbumin was applied to each nostril for 21days. Together with second phase, ketotifen (n:6), oral propolis (n:6), intranasal propolis (n:6) and intranasal mometasone furoate (n:6) were given to rats. A control group (n:4)(salin) and sham group (n:2) were planned. Symptoms were assessed on days 19, 22, 25, 30 and 35, resulting in 5 symptom scores: symptom scores 1-5. On day 35, nasal tissue was removed and histological examination was performed.

RESULTS

When rats that received systemic and intranasal propolis were compared to controls, ciliary loss, inflammation, increase in goblet cells, vascular proliferation, eosinophil count, chondrocytes and allergic rhinitis symptom score were found to be decreased (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

It was found that propolis had anti-allergic effects on allergic symptom scores and nasal histology.