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Abo M, Imamura K, Hosogi S, Kobayashi T, Takeda Y, Kase K, Koba H, Watanabe S, Ohkura N, Hara J, Yano S. Comparing region of interest selection and whole-field analysis for measurement of ciliary beat frequency in high-speed video analysis. Respir Investig 2024; 62:419-425. [PMID: 38489921 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is crucial in mucociliary clearance. High-speed video analysis (HSVA) is commonly used to measure CBF but lacks standardization. We compared visual observation and computer-assisted calculation using fast Fourier transformation (FFT) in freshly collected bronchial ciliary epithelial cells and cultured cells. METHODS Bronchial epithelial cells were obtained from 12 patients who required bronchoscopic examination. Eighty-five videos of ciliary movement of freshly collected and cultured cells were recorded and used to calculate CBF using manual observation, region of interest (ROI) selection, and whole-field analysis. RESULTS CBF measured by the ROI selection method strongly correlated with that measured using manual observation, especially in freshly collected cells. However, 27.8% of the manual observation method values were doubled in the ROI selection method, probably because a round trip of cilia was calculated as two cycles and needed to be corrected to 1/2 value. Upon increasing the number of ROIs, the results of the ROI selection method came closer to that of WFA. CONCLUSIONS Computer-assisted calculation using FFT can aid in measuring CBF; however, current methods require visual confirmation. Further automated evaluation techniques are needed to establish more standardized and generalized CBF measurement methods using HSVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Abo
- Kanazawa University Health Service Center, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Imamura
- Department of Electrical, Information and Communication Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shigekuni Hosogi
- Department of Clinical and Translational Physiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kobayashi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hayato Koba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohkura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Johsuke Hara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Seiji Yano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan; Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-0934, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Ning N, Luo D, Xia W, Mou G, Zhao J, Zhang J, Li C, Wang H, Li J. Dysregulation of TMEM16A impairs oviductal transport of embryos. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C623-C632. [PMID: 37458439 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00031.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic pregnancy is an acute abdominalgia in obstetrics and gynecology, especially in fallopian tubal pregnancy. The ion channel protein transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) is widely distributed in various tissues, even in the oviduct. In this study, we showed that TMEM16A was expressed in the human fallopian tube and was upregulated in patients with tubal pregnancy. By measuring isolated fallopian tube tissues, we found that TMEM16A was involved in regulating not only the contraction of muscle strips but also the beat frequency of cilia. In addition, pharmacological activation or inhibition of TMEM16A could lead to retention of embryos in oviducts. Moreover, the embryos in oviducts were delayed in development and some of them had malformations and deletions. The total number of embryos in the oviducts and uterus was significantly less than that of the control group. Furthermore, we detected changes in the level of m6A methylation, where the relevant writers and readers were reduced in tubal tissues from tubal pregnancies. In m6A mRNA methylation, writers catalyze the addition of methyl groups to cytosine residues and readers bind to the methyl groups and affect gene translation. In human fallopian tube epithelial cell line FTE187, we found that interference with methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) expression increased TMEM16A, suggesting that TMEM16A might be regulated by m6A methylation. In general, our study revealed a novel regulatory point for embryo transport and development, introducing a new role for the diagnosis and treatment of tubal pregnancy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The ion channel protein TMEM16A is expressed in the epithelium and smooth muscle of the human fallopian tube and is upregulated in patients with tubal pregnancy. TMEM16A is involved in regulating the smooth muscle contraction and the cilia beating. Dysregulated TMEM16A may result in embryo retention in the oviduct and delayed early embryo development. Our study reveals a new regulatory point for embryo transport and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ning
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjing Mou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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5
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Sampaio P, da Silva MF, Vale I, Roxo-Rosa M, Pinto A, Constant C, Pereira L, Quintão CM, Lopes SS. CiliarMove: new software for evaluating ciliary beat frequency helps find novel mutations by a Portuguese multidisciplinary team on primary ciliary dyskinesia. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00792-2020. [PMID: 34104642 PMCID: PMC8174773 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00792-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of ciliary beat frequency (CBF) performed by high-speed videomicroscopy analysis (HVMA) is one of the techniques required for the correct diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Currently, due to lack of open-source software, this technique is widely performed by visually counting the ciliary beatings per a given time-window. Our aim was to generate open-source, fast and intuitive software for evaluating CBF, validated in Portuguese PCD patients and healthy volunteers. Nasal brushings collected from 17 adult healthy volunteers and 34 PCD-referred subjects were recorded using HVMA. Evaluation of CBF was compared by two different methodologies: the new semi-automated computer software CiliarMove and the manual observation method using slow-motion movies. Clinical history, nasal nitric oxide and transmission electron microscopy were performed for diagnosis of PCD in the patient group. Genetic analysis was performed in a subset (n=8) of suspected PCD patients. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was R2=0.9895. The interval of CBF values obtained from the healthy control group (n=17) was 6.18-9.17 Hz at 25°C. In the PCD-excluded group (n=16), CBF ranged from 6.84 to 10.93 Hz and in the PCD group (n=18), CBF ranged from 0 to 14.30 Hz. We offer an automated open-source programme named CiliarMove, validated by the manual observation method in a healthy volunteer control group, a PCD-excluded group and a PCD-confirmed group. In our hands, comparisons between CBF intervals alone could discern between healthy and PCD groups in 78% of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Sampaio
- iNOVA4HEALTH, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Ferro da Silva
- iNOVA4HEALTH, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Vale
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Monte da Caparica, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mónica Roxo-Rosa
- iNOVA4HEALTH, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pinto
- iNOVA4HEALTH, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Constant
- Unidade de Pneumologia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria CHLN, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luisa Pereira
- Unidade de Pneumologia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria CHLN, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla M Quintão
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Monte da Caparica, Caparica, Portugal
- NOVA Laboratório de Instrumentação, Engenharia Biomédica e Física da Radiação (LIBPhys-UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana S Lopes
- iNOVA4HEALTH, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Wu YS, Jiang J, Ahmadi S, Lew A, Laselva O, Xia S, Bartlett C, Ip W, Wellhauser L, Ouyang H, Gonska T, Moraes TJ, Bear CE. ORKAMBI-Mediated Rescue of Mucociliary Clearance in Cystic Fibrosis Primary Respiratory Cultures Is Enhanced by Arginine Uptake, Arginase Inhibition, and Promotion of Nitric Oxide Signaling to the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Channel. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:515-525. [PMID: 31427400 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ORKAMBI, a combination of the corrector, lumacaftor, and the potentiator, ivacaftor, partially rescues the defective processing and anion channel activity conferred by the major cystic fibrosis-causing mutation, F508del, in in vitro studies. Clinically, the improvement in lung function after ORKAMBI treatment is modest and variable, prompting the search for complementary interventions. As our previous work identified a positive effect of arginine-dependent nitric oxide signaling on residual F508del-Cftr function in murine intestinal epithelium, we were prompted to determine whether strategies aimed at increasing arginine would enhance F508del-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel activity in patient-derived airway epithelia. Now, we show that the addition of arginine together with inhibition of intracellular arginase activity increased cytosolic nitric oxide and enhanced the rescue effect of ORKAMBI on F508del-CFTR-mediated chloride conductance at the cell surface of patient-derived bronchial and nasal epithelial cultures. Interestingly, arginine addition plus arginase inhibition also enhanced ORKAMBI-mediated increases in ciliary beat frequency and mucociliary movement, two in vitro CF phenotypes that are downstream of the channel defect. This work suggests that strategies to manipulate the arginine-nitric oxide pathway in combination with CFTR modulators may lead to improved clinical outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: These proof-of-concept studies highlight the potential to boost the response to cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators, lumacaftor and ivacaftor, in patient-derived airway tissues expressing the major CF-causing mutant, F508del-CFTR, by enhancing other regulatory pathways. In this case, we observed enhancement of pharmacologically rescued F508del-CFTR by arginine-dependent, nitric oxide signaling through inhibition of endogenous arginase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Wu
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet Jiang
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saumel Ahmadi
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandria Lew
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Onofrio Laselva
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunny Xia
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire Bartlett
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wan Ip
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leigh Wellhauser
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong Ouyang
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanja Gonska
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Programmes in Translational Medicine (Y.-S.W., C.B., W.I., H.O., T.G., T.J.M.) and Molecular Medicine (Y.-S.W., J.J., S.A., A.L., O.L., S.X., L.W., C.E.B.), Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (T.J.M.), Biochemistry (C.E.B.), Physiology (Y.-S.W., S.A., O.L., S.X., C.E.B.), and Paediatrics (T.G., T.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Xia W, Zhang D, Ouyang J, Liang Y, Zhang H, Huang Z, Liang G, Zhu Q, Guan X, Zhang J. Effects of pelvic endometriosis and adenomyosis on ciliary beat frequency and muscular contractions in the human fallopian tube. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:48. [PMID: 29753325 PMCID: PMC5948789 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pelvic endometriosis (EM) and adenomyosis (AM) have different effects on the fallopian tube. This study aimed to assess the transport capability of the fallopian tube in women with pelvic EM or AM. METHODS Twenty women with uterine leiomyoma (control group), 20 with adenomyosis without pelvic EM (AM group) and 35 with pelvic EM without AM (EM group) were included. EM cases were further divided into the tubal EM and non-tubal EM subgroups. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF), percentage of ciliated cells, and smooth muscle contraction were measured. RESULTS CBFs of the ampulla in EM cases were significantly lower than those of control and AM cases; CBFs of the ampulla and isthmus in tubal EM cases were significantly lower than those of the control group and non-tubal EM subgroup. In both the ampulla and isthmus segment, percentages of ciliated cells in EM patients were significantly lower than those of AM and control patients; the tubal EM subgroup showed significantly lower values than the control group and non-tubal EM subgroup. Amplitude-to-weight ratios of longitudinal muscular contractility in EM cases were significantly lower than control values; tubal EM cases showed significantly lower values than controls and the non-tubal EM subgroup. Contraction frequencies in EM cases were significantly lower than those of control and AM cases, in both longitudinal and circular muscles; tubal EM cases showed significantly lower values than controls and the non-tubal EM subgroup. CONCLUSION EM with tubal EM damaged transport function of the fallopian tube, to varying degrees, whereas tubal function in EM without tubal EM and in AM is not altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiling Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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