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Duarte CM, Lopes MI, Abecasis F. Transfusion policy in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients: Less could be more. Perfusion 2024; 39:96-105. [PMID: 35634987 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a restrictive transfusion policy of red blood cells (RBC) and platelets in pediatric patients submitted to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). METHODS Retrospective descriptive study of pediatric patients supported with ECMO, from January 2010 to December 2019. Hemoglobin, platelet, lactate and mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) values of each patient while on ECMO, were collected. Transfusion efficiency and tissue oxygenation were statistically evaluated comparing pre-transfusion hemoglobin, lactate and SvO2 with post-transfusion values. Ranges of hemoglobin and platelets were established, and the number of transfusions registered. The bleeding complications and outcome were documented. RESULTS Of a total of 1016 hemoglobin values, the mean value before transfusion was 8.6 g/dl. Hemoglobin and SvO2 increased significantly post-transfusion. Red blood cell transfusion varied with hemoglobin values: when hemoglobin value was less than 7 g/dl, 89% (41/46) were transfused but just 23% (181/794) when greater or equal to 7 g/dl. In the presence of active bleeding, the frequency of RBC transfusion increased from 32% to 62%, with hemoglobin between 7 g/dl and 8 g/dl.The mean value for platelet transfusion was 32 x 109/L. Thirty-eight (43%) platelet values between 20 x 109/L and 30x109/L, and 31 (40%) between 30 x 109/L and 40 x 109/L led to platelet transfusion; between 40 x 109/L and 50 x 109/L, only 7 (9%) prompted platelet transfusion.Comparing the 2010-2015 to 2016-2019 periods there was a decrease in RBC and platelet transfusion threshold with similar survival (p = .528). Survival to discharge was 68%. CONCLUSIONS Using a restrictive RBC and platelet transfusion policy was safe and allowed a good outcome in this case series. The presence of active bleeding was an important decision factor when hemoglobin was above 7 g/dl and platelets were above 30 x 109/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Marques Duarte
- Pediatric Department Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Hospital Santa Maria (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Inȇs Lopes
- Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Hospital Santa Maria (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco Abecasis
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Department, Lead of Pediatric Interhospital Transport System and Neonatal and Pediatric ECMO program, Hospital Santa Maria (CHULN), Portugal
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2
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Grazioli A, Plazak M, Dahi S, Rabin J, Menne A, Ghoreishi M, Taylor B, Perelman S, Mazzeffi M. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation without allogeneic blood transfusion: An observational cohort study. Perfusion 2023; 38:1519-1525. [PMID: 35957550 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221119015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unclear whether patients who will not accept allogeneic blood transfusion can be managed successfully with veno-arterial (V-A) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The objective of our study was to determine what percentage of V-A ECMO patients were managed without allogeneic blood transfusion. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with cardiogenic shock requiring V-A ECMO between January 2016 and January 2019. The primary outcome was avoidance of any allogeneic blood transfusion. RESULTS Of the 206 patients included, 23 (11.2%) were managed without any allogeneic blood transfusion. Fourteen (60.9%) avoided allogeneic blood transfusion during their entire hospitalization. "No-transfusion" patients were younger, more commonly men, were less likely to have a prior diagnosis of hypertension or coronary artery disease, had higher baseline hemoglobin, had higher SAVE scores, and were less likely to have received aspirin before ECMO. No patients in the "no-transfusion" group had major bleeding compared to 35% of patients in the blood transfusion group (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was 17.4% for those who avoided blood transfusion and 41.5% for those who received blood transfusion (p = 0.04). ECMO duration was significantly shorter in patients who avoided blood transfusion compared to those who received blood transfusion (median 3.5 vs 7 days, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Select patients can be successfully managed on V-A ECMO without allogeneic blood transfusion. Jehovah's Witnesses and other patients with objections to allogeneic transfusion might be offered V-A ECMO if its anticipated duration is short (e.g. <7 days) and baseline hemoglobin concentration is high (e.g. ≥10 mg/dL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Grazioli
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Plazak
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Siamak Dahi
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Rabin
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Menne
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mehrdad Ghoreishi
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bradley Taylor
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seth Perelman
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Mazzeffi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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3
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Worku ET, Win AM, Parmar D, Anstey C, Shekar K. Haematological Trends and Transfusion during Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single Centre Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2629. [PMID: 37048711 PMCID: PMC10095131 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporal trends in haematological parameters and their associations with blood product transfusion requirements in patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are poorly understood. We performed a retrospective data analysis to better understand the behaviour of haematological and coagulation parameters and their associations with transfusion requirements during ECMO. METHODS Patient demographics, haematological and coagulation parameters, plasma haemoglobin and fibrinogen concentrations, platelet count, the international normalised ratio (INR), the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and blood product transfusion data from 138 patients who received ECMO in a single high-volume centre were analysed. RESULTS Ninety-two patients received venoarterial (VA) ECMO and 46 patients received venovenous (VV) ECMO. The median (IQR) duration of VA, and VV ECMO was 8 (5-13) days and 13 (8-23) days, respectively. There were significant reductions in haemoglobin, the platelet count, and the fibrinogen concentration upon initiation of ECMO. On average, over time, patients on VV ECMO had platelet counts 44 × 109/L higher than those on VA ECMO (p ≤ 0.001). Fibrinogen and APTT did not vary significantly based on the mode of ECMO (p = 0.55 and p = 0.072, respectively). A platelet count < 50 × 109/L or a fibrinogen level < 1.8 g/L was associated with 50% chance of PRBC transfusion, regardless of the ECMO type, and packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion was more common with VA ECMO. APTT was predictive of the transfusion requirement, and the decrement in APTT was discriminatory between VVECMO survivors and nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION ECMO support is associated with reductions in haemoglobin, platelet count, and fibrinogen. Patients supported with VA ECMO are more likely to receive a PRBC transfusion compared to those on VV ECMO. Thrombocytopaenia, hypofibrinogenaemia, and anticoagulation effect the likelihood of requiring PRBC transfusion. Further research is needed to define optimal blood management during ECMO, including appropriate transfusion triggers and the anticoagulation intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott T. Worku
- Adult Intensive Care Services, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD 4032, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - April M. Win
- Intensive Care Unit, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Dinesh Parmar
- Adult Intensive Care Services, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD 4032, Australia
| | - Chris Anstey
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Kiran Shekar
- Adult Intensive Care Services, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD 4032, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia
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4
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Gancar JL, Shields MC, Wise L, Waller JL, Stansfield BK. Red blood cell volume, but not platelet or plasma volume is associated with mortality in neonatal ECMO. Transfusion 2022; 62:2254-2261. [PMID: 36062908 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood product transfusions are necessary for critically ill neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Transfusions are administered in response to unstudied arbitrary thresholds and may be associated with adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify relationships between blood product components and mortality in neonates receiving ECMO support for respiratory indications. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective review of neonates receiving ECMO for respiratory indications from 2002 to 2019 from a single quaternary-referral neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Demographic and outcome data and transfusion volume (ml/kg/day) were harvested from the medical record, and baseline mortality risk was assessed using NEO-RESCUERS scores. The association between volume of red blood cells (RBC), platelet, plasma transfusion rates (ml/kg/day), and mortality on ECMO were assessed after adjustment for NEO-RESCUERS score. Cox proportional hazards (CPH) competing risk model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable and mortality outcome. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among 248 neonates undergoing ECMO for respiratory failure, overall survival was 93%. RBC, platelet, and plasma volume were highly associated with mortality during ECMO in an unadjusted model. After adjusting for NEO-RESCUERS score, RBC volume was associated with increased mortality risk (HR 1.013, 95% CI 1.004-1.022, p = .0043), but platelet and plasma volume were not associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS RBC, but not platelet or plasma volume, is associated with mortality in neonates on ECMO. Our findings refute previous studies demonstrating an association between platelet volume and mortality for neonates on ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Gancar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Molly C Shields
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Linda Wise
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer L Waller
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Data Science, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brian K Stansfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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5
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Willers A, Swol J, van Kuijk SMJ, Buscher H, McQuilten Z, Ten Cate H, Rycus PT, McKellar S, Lorusso R, Tonna JE. HEROES V-A-HEmoRrhagic cOmplications in veno-arterial Extracorporeal life Support-Development and internal validation of a multivariable prediction model in adult patients. Artif Organs 2022; 46:2266-2283. [PMID: 35712783 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for bleeding complications during extracorporeal life support (ECLS) indicated for cardiac support remain poorly investigated. The aim is to develop and internally validate a prediction model to calculate the risk for bleeding complications in adult patients receiving veno-arterial (V-A) ECLS. METHODS Data of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry of adult patients undergoing V-A ECLS between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed. The primary outcome was bleeding complications recorded during V-A ECLS. Multivariable logistic regression with backward stepwise elimination was used to develop the prediction model. Performance of the model was tested by discriminative ability and calibration with receiver operator characteristic, area under the curve, and visual inspection of the calibration plot. Internal validation was performed to detect overfitting of the model. RESULTS In total 28 767 adult patients were included, of which 29.0% developed bleeding complications. Sex, body mass index, surgical cannulation, pre-ECLS respiratory and hemodynamic variables, pre-ECLS support and interventions, and different type of diagnosis were included in the prediction model. This prediction model showed a predictive capability with an AUC of 0.66. CONCLUSION The model is based on the largest cohort of V-A ECLS patients and is the best available predictive model for bleeding events given the predictors that are available in V-A ECLS compared to current literature. The model can help in identifying patients at high risk for bleeding complications and will help in developing further research and decision-making in terms of anticoagulation management. External validation is warranted to extrapolate this model in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Willers
- ECLS Center, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart & Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Justyna Swol
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sander M J van Kuijk
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment (KEMTA), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hergen Buscher
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Center of Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zoe McQuilten
- Transfusion Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne Australia Clinical Haematology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter T Rycus
- Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen McKellar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- ECLS Center, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart & Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph E Tonna
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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6
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Parker LP, Svensson Marcial A, Brismar TB, Broman LM, Prahl Wittberg L. Impact of Altered Vena Cava Flow Rates on Right Atrium Flow Characteristics. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:1167-1178. [PMID: 35271411 PMCID: PMC9054263 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00649.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The right atrium (RA) combines the superior (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) flows. Treatments like extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and hemodialysis by catheter alter IVC/SVC flows. Here we assess how altered IVC/SVC flow contributions impact RA flow. Four healthy volunteers were imaged with CT, reconstructed and combined into a patient-averaged model. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were performed for a range of IVC/SVC flow contributions (30-70% each, increments of 5%) and common flow metrics were recorded. Model sensitivity to reconstruction domain extent, constant/pulsatile inlets and hematocrit was also assessed. Consistent with literature, a single vortex occupied the central RA across all flowrates with a smaller counter-rotating vortex, not previously reported, in the auricle. Vena cava flow was highly helical. RA turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) (P=0.027) and time-averaged wall shear stress (WSS) (P<0.001) increased with SVC flow. WSS was lower in the auricle (2 Pa, P<0.001). WSS in the vena cava were equal at IVC/SVC =65/35%. The model was highly sensitive to the reconstruction domain with cropped geometries lacking helicity in the vena cavae, altering RA flow. RA flow was not significantly affected by constant inlets or hematocrit. The rotational flow conventionally described in the RA is confirmed however a new, smaller vortex was also recorded in the auricle. When IVC flow dominates, as is normal, TKE in the RA is reduced and WSS in the vena cavae equalize. Significant helicity exists in the vena cava, a result of distal geometry and this geometry appears crucial to accurately simulating RA flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis P Parker
- FLOW and BioMEx, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Svensson Marcial
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology at Karolinska Institute, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torkel B Brismar
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology at Karolinska Institute, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Mikael Broman
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa Prahl Wittberg
- FLOW and BioMEx, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Tantibundit P, Mekjarasnapha M, Pulnitiporn A, Jirasavetakul A. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a woman with twin pregnancy. Perfusion 2021; 37:422-425. [PMID: 33739195 DOI: 10.1177/02676591211003281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal cardiac arrest is a rare condition. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pregnancy is different from that in other populations due to physiological changes in patients. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is recommended in patients having cardiac arrest with potentially reversible etiologies. However, data regarding ECPR in pregnancy are limited. CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old woman with a 33-week twin pregnancy developed witnessed cardiac arrest in an antenatal clinic. She underwent perimortem cesarean delivery (PMCD) and ECPR, but uterine atony with massive bleeding occurred. Emergency hysterectomy and massive blood transfusion were performed in the emergency department and the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit after hemodynamics was stable. CONCLUSION Cardiac arrest in pregnancy is a complex condition. Several aspects of management have not been evaluated. Prospective studies for improving the outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porntipa Tantibundit
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Manasicha Mekjarasnapha
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Adhus Jirasavetakul
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Khon Kaen hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Esper SA, Wallisch WJ, Ryan J, Sanchez P, Sciortino C, Murray H, Arlia P, D'Cunha J, Mahajan A, Triulzi D, Subramaniam K. Platelet transfusion is associated with 90-day and 1-year mortality for adult patients requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Vox Sang 2020; 116:440-450. [PMID: 33215723 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining one-year mortality respecting component blood transfusion are sparse. We hypothesize that component blood product transfusions are negatively associated with 90-day and 1-year survival for all patients requiring veno-arterial (VA) or veno-venous (VV) ECMO. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This was an IRB-approved retrospective cohort analysis of 676 consecutive patients requiring ECMO at the University of Pittsburgh between 2005 and 2016. Patients were analysed both as an entire cohort and as two subsets with respect to ECMO modality (VA vs. VV). Additional data collected and analysed included patient characteristics, laboratory values and blood product transfusion. RESULTS Multivariable analysis revealed that platelet transfusion was associated with 90-day mortality (OR: 1·05, P = 0·037) and one-year mortality for the entire cohort (OR = 1·05, P = 0·046,). Platelet transfusion volume was also associated with mortality in the VA-ECMO subset of patients at both 90 days (OR = 1·08, P = 0·03) and one year (OR: 1·11, P = 0·014). Age, peak International Normalized Raton ECMO, nadir haemoglobin (on ECMO) and final haemoglobin (after ECMO) were significantly associated with mortality for patients requiring VA-ECMO. For VV-ECMO patients, age, INR and peak creatinine on ECMO were associated with mortality. No individual component blood product was associated with one-year mortality for patients requiring VV-ECMO. CONCLUSION Platelet transfusion was associated with increased 90-day and 1-year mortality for patients requiring VA-ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Esper
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Division, Director, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, UPMC Center for Perioperative Care, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William John Wallisch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - John Ryan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pablo Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Holt Murray
- Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian University Hospital, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Arlia
- Department of Perfusion Medicine, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan D'Cunha
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darrell Triulzi
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Abbasciano RG, Yusuff H, Vlaar APJ, Lai F, Murphy GJ. Blood Transfusion Threshold in Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Cardiac and Respiratory Failure-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1192-1202. [PMID: 33046363 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review studies that have evaluated the effects of liberal or restrictive red cell transfusion thresholds on clinical outcomes in patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support for cardiac or respiratory failure. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The study comprised 1,070 patients from observational studies and randomized controlled trials analyzing transfusion policies in venoarterial (VA) and venovenous (VV) ECMO adult populations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Eligible studies were identified by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, and EMBASE until March 4, 2020, using a combination of subject headings and text words. Risk of bias assessment was performed to assess study quality according to the ROBINS-I tool and the case series studies appraisal checklist. There was high risk of bias in the studies analyzed, and none had methodologic adequacy. Three studies analyzed VA ECMO and VV ECMO patients separately. Five datasets were related exclusively or mostly to VA ECMO. Four were retrospective analyses, and one was conducted as a prospective observational study; the median transfusion threshold reported was 8 g/dL, with a mean mortality of 52%. Eight datasets were related either exclusively or mostly to VV ECMO. Six were retrospective and two were prospective observational studies; the median transfusion threshold was 8 g/dL, and the mean mortality rate was 33%. CONCLUSIONS The present study did not resolve uncertainty as to transfusion management in ECMO, although several studies (most of them in VV ECMO) demonstrated that a restrictive threshold has acceptable outcomes in single-center cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Giuseppe Abbasciano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | - Hakeem Yusuff
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Florence Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin James Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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10
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Chen FT, Chen SW, Wu VCC, Hung KC, Chang SH, Ting PC, Chou AH. Impact of massive blood transfusion during adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support on long-term outcomes: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035486. [PMID: 32580985 PMCID: PMC7312286 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bleeding is a common problem during adult extracorporeal membranes oxygenation (ECMO) support, requiring blood transfusion for correction of volume depletion and coagulopathy. The goal of this study is to investigate the long-term outcomes for adults under support of ECMO with massive blood transfusion (MBT). DESIGN Retrospective nationwide cohort study. SETTING Data were provided from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS Totally 2757 adult patients were identified to receive MBT (red blood cell ≥10 units) during ECMO support from 2000 to 2013 via Taiwan NHIRD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The outcomes included in-hospital major complications/mortality, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, newly onset end-stage renal disease and respiratory failure during the follow-up period. RESULTS Patients with MBT had higher in-hospital mortality (65.6% vs 52.1%; OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.53 to 1.98) and all-cause mortality during the follow-up (47.0% vs 35.8%; HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.25 to 1.71) than those without MBT. Not only higher incidences of post ECMO sepsis, respiratory failure and acute kidney injury, but also longer duration of ECMO support, ventilator use and intensive care unit stay were demonstrated in the MBT group. Moreover, a subdistribution hazard model presented higher cumulative of respiratory failure (19.8% vs 16.2%; subdistribution HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.73) for the MBT cohort. Positive dose-dependent relationship was found between the amount of transfused red blood cell product and in-hospital mortality. In the MBT subgroup analysis for the impact of transfused ratio (fresh frozen plasma/packed red blood cell) on in-hospital mortality, ratio ≥1.0 had higher mortality. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MBT during ECMO support had worse long-term outcomes than non-MBT population. The transfused amount of red blood cell had positive dose-dependent effect on in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ting Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wei Chen
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Victor Chien-Chia Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Hung
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Chi Ting
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - An-Hsun Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiamen Changgung Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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11
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Vlaar AP, Oczkowski S, de Bruin S, Wijnberge M, Antonelli M, Aubron C, Aries P, Duranteau J, Juffermans NP, Meier J, Murphy GJ, Abbasciano R, Muller M, Shah A, Perner A, Rygaard S, Walsh TS, Guyatt G, Dionne JC, Cecconi M. Transfusion strategies in non-bleeding critically ill adults: a clinical practice guideline from the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 2020; 46:673-696. [PMID: 31912207 PMCID: PMC7223433 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-019-05884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop evidence-based clinical practice recommendations regarding transfusion practices in non-bleeding, critically ill adults. DESIGN A task force involving 13 international experts and three methodologists used the GRADE approach for guideline development. METHODS The task force identified four main topics: red blood cell transfusion thresholds, red blood cell transfusion avoidance strategies, platelet transfusion, and plasma transfusion. The panel developed structured guideline questions using population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) format. RESULTS The task force generated 16 clinical practice recommendations (3 strong recommendations, 13 conditional recommendations), and identified five PICOs with insufficient evidence to make any recommendation. CONCLUSIONS This clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations and identifies areas where further research is needed regarding transfusion practices and transfusion avoidance in non-bleeding, critically ill adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Vlaar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Room, C3-430, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Simon Oczkowski
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Guidelines in Intensive Care, Development and Evaluation (GUIDE) Group, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sanne de Bruin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Wijnberge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Anaesthesiology e Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecile Aubron
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Brest, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Site La Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Aries
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Brest, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Site La Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - Jacques Duranteau
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud (HUPS), Orsay, France
| | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Meier
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Gavin J Murphy
- Cardiovascular, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Riccardo Abbasciano
- Cardiovascular, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Marcella Muller
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Akshay Shah
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Anders Perner
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie Rygaard
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy S Walsh
- Anaesthetics, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Guidelines in Intensive Care, Development and Evaluation (GUIDE) Group, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - J C Dionne
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Guidelines in Intensive Care, Development and Evaluation (GUIDE) Group, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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12
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Martucci G, Grasselli G, Tanaka K, Tuzzolino F, Panarello G, Schmidt M, Bellani G, Arcadipane A. Hemoglobin trigger and approach to red blood cell transfusions during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: the international TRAIN-ECMO survey. Perfusion 2020; 34:39-48. [PMID: 30966906 DOI: 10.1177/0267659119830526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Optimal red blood cell transfusion practice during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is still under debate. This survey aimed to assess the Hb trigger (also comparing with other critically ill patients) and major physiologic determinants considered for transfusions during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. METHODS Voluntary Web-based survey, endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, conducted among VV ECMO pratictioners worldwide. RESULTS A total of 447 respondents worldwide answered the questionnaire: 277 (61.9%) from Europe, 99 (22.1%) from North America, 36 (8.2%) from Asia and Oceania, and 35 (7.8%) from Central and South America. Among the respondents, 59.2% managed less than 12 venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation runs/year, 19.4% between 12 and 24 runs/year, and 21.4% more than 24 runs/year. Of the respondents, 54.4% do not use a predefined Hb trigger in veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and, while the rate of adoption of a defined trigger varied worldwide, the effective value of Hb did not differ significantly among macro-regions. In patients on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the Hb trigger to initiate red blood cell transfusion, was higher than in other critically ill patients: 9.1 ± 1.8 g/dL versus 8.3 ± 1.7 g/dL, p < 0.01. The Hb trigger was lower in centers with more than 24 venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation runs/year (8.4 mg/dL (95% CI: 7.7-8.9)); (8.9 mg/dL (95% CI: 8.2-9.7)) in centers with between 12 and 24 venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation runs/year; and (9.6 mg/dL (95% CI: 9.1-10.0)) in centers with fewer than 12 venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation runs/year (p < 0.01). Several and variable adjunctive parameters are considered in cases of uncertainty for transfusion: the principal are hemodynamic status, SvO2, lactates, and fluid balance. CONCLUSION Although the use of a predefined Hb trigger is still under-adopted among centers with low or median extracorporeal membrane oxygenation case volume, the majority of respondents use a higher Hb trigger for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients compared with other critically ill patients. Higher volume centers tolerate lower Hb levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Martucci
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Grasselli
- 2 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,3 Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Kenichi Tanaka
- 4 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabio Tuzzolino
- 5 Research Office, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Panarello
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Matthieu Schmidt
- 6 Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,7 Medical Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Giacomo Bellani
- 8 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,9 Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Antonio Arcadipane
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
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13
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Restrictive Transfusion Practice in Adults Receiving Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single-Center Experience. Crit Care Explor 2020; 2:e0077. [PMID: 32166297 PMCID: PMC7063903 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Restrictive transfusion policies have been adopted in critical care, although these have not included patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. We aimed to assess survival outcomes, adverse events related to RBC transfusion, and cost implications following a change from a “liberal” to a “restrictive” RBC transfusion practice in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: Single high-volume tertiary critical care department at a university hospital. Patients: Patients 16 years old or greater receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation between 2011 and 2017 for more than 24 hours. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Clinical diagnoses, complications, outcomes, median hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were obtained from patients’ electronic records. All laboratory results for hemoglobin and hematocrit were included. RBC transfusions were obtained from prescription charts. We included 402 patients: 99 during a “liberal” transfusion practice (2011–2014)—when the target hemoglobin level was greater than 100 g/L; and 303 treated during a “restrictive” transfusion practice (2014–2017) when the target hemoglobin level was greater than 80 g/L. We found that survival outcomes did not change following the implementation of a “restrictive” transfusion policy. There was also a decrease in the extracorporeal blood flow rates with restrictive transfusion of 0.5 L/min. Nonsurvivors of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation had higher usage of RBC units following a change in transfusion practice. The restrictive strategy allowed a cost saving of £454 per patient. Conclusions: These results suggest that the adoption of a more restrictive approach to RBC transfusion during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is more cost-effective and associated with similar survival outcomes, than when compared with a more liberal approach.
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