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Nowicki R, Bieżuńska-Kusiak K, Kulbacka J, Choromanska A, Daczewska M, Potoczek S, Rachwalik M, Saczko J. St. Thomas Modified Cardioplegia Effects on Myoblasts’ Viability and Morphology. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020280. [PMID: 35208603 PMCID: PMC8879905 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The cardioplegic arrest of the heart during cardiosurgical procedures is the crucial element of a cardioprotection strategy. Numerous clinical trials compare different cardioplegic solutions and cardioprotective protocols, but a relatively small number of papers apply to in vitro conditions using cultured cells. This work aimed to analyze whether it is possible to use the rat heart myocardium cells as an in vitro model to study the protective properties of St. Thomas cardioplegia (ST2C). Methods: The rat heart myocardium cells-H9C2 were incubated with cold cardioplegia for up to 24 h. After incubation, we determined: viability, confluency, and cell size, the thiol groups’ level by modifying Ellman’s method, Ki67, and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen expression (PCNA). The impact on cells’ morphology was visualized by the ultrastructural (TEM) study and holotomograpic 3D imaging. Results: The viability and confluency analysis demonstrated that the safest exposure to ST2C, should not exceed 4h. An increased expression of Ki67 antigen and PCNA was observed. TEM and 3D imaging studies revealed vacuolization after the longest period of exposure (24). Conclusions: According to obtained results, we conclude that STC can play a protective role in cardiac surgery during heart arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Nowicki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Curie-Skłodowskiej, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Bieżuńska-Kusiak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (J.K.); (A.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (J.K.); (A.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Anna Choromanska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (J.K.); (A.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21 St., 50-335 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Stanisław Potoczek
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maciej Rachwalik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Curie-Skłodowskiej, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.B.-K.); (J.K.); (A.C.); (J.S.)
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