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Chang CH, Hwang PA. Low-molecular-weight fucoidan increases telomere length and immunostimulatory effects on NK-92 cells following inhaled anesthetic injury. Mutat Res 2024; 828:111857. [PMID: 38603928 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Inhaled anesthetics, such as isoflurane, may cause side effects, including short-term immunosuppression and DNA damage. In contrast, low molecular weight fucoidan (LMF), derived from brown seaweed, exhibits promising immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we determined the effect of isoflurane on telomeres and examined the potential of LMF to ameliorate the harmful effects of isoflurane. Male Lewis rats, the mouse lymphoma cell line YAC-1, and the human nature killer cell line NK-92 MI were exposed to isoflurane. The relative telomere length (T/S) ratio and mRNA expression were determined by quantitative PCR. The viability assay was used to assess cell viability. In vivo, 2% isoflurane exposure, which is a clinically relevant concentration, reduced telomere length, and correlated with exposure frequency and duration. Isoflurane concentrations above 2% shortened YAC-1 telomeres, with minimal impact on cell viability. LMF pre-treatment enhanced NK-92 MI cell survival resulting from isoflurane exposure and exerted superior telomere protection compared with LMF post-treatment. Furthermore, adding LMF during isoflurane exposure resulted in a significant increase in IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 mRNA compared with the untreated group. LMF protected against isoflurane-induced telomere shortening, enhanced NK cell viability, and modulated cytokine expression, thus mitigating postoperative immune suppression and risk of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsi Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - Pai-An Hwang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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Hastie C, Thompson A, Perkins M, Langford VS, Eddleston M, Homer NZM. Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS) as an Alternative to Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) for the Analysis of Cyclohexanone and Cyclohexanol in Plasma. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32818-32822. [PMID: 34901631 PMCID: PMC8655936 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-poisoning with professional agricultural pesticide products is responsible for about 20% of global suicide, with most cases occurring in South Asia and China. Treatment of severe poisoning involves long-term intensive clinical care and is often unsuccessful. Solvent co-formulants (such as cyclohexanone) also contribute to mortality themselves or via more toxic metabolic products (such as cyclohexanol). Faster detection of co-formulants could aid earlier identification of pesticide poisoning and faster intervention, reducing mortality. Conventional analysis of volatiles in blood uses headspace (HS)-GC/MS. This paper evaluates SIFT-MS, a direct MS technique that provides higher sample throughput than GC/MS, as a potential tool for cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol analysis in plasma. Both instruments were calibrated using a conventional approach prior to analysis of each porcine plasma sample on both instruments. Comparative data were evaluated using Bland-Altman plots, demonstrating that the techniques were in good agreement. Compared with GC/MS, SIFT-MS provides fourfold higher sample throughput and shows great promise as an alternative analytical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Hastie
- Anatune Ltd, Unit 4, Wellbrook Court, Girton
Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Thompson
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular
Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Perkins
- Anatune Ltd, Unit 4, Wellbrook Court, Girton
Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael Eddleston
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular
Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie ZM. Homer
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular
Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Mass
Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences,
Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United
Kingdom
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Li H, Du M, Xu W, Wang Z. MiR-191 downregulation protects against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity through targeting BDNF. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:367-373. [PMID: 33586613 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1886211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflurane inhalation can cause nerve damage, and miR-191 is abnormally expressed in nerve crush injuries. This study aimed to explore the effect of miR-191 on isoflurane-induced cognition impairment and neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro, as well as its potential mechanism. METHODS Sprague-Dawley male rats and primary hippocampal neurons were applied and exposed to 2% isoflurane. The level of miR-191 was regulated both in vitro and in vivo to investigate the role of miR-191 in isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. Morris water maze assay was used to evaluate the neurological function of rats. The level of miR-191 was measured by qRT-PCR. CCK-8 assay and Flow cytometry were applied to detect the cell viability and apoptosis. Dual luciferase reporter gene detection was used for the target gene analysis. RESULTS miR-191 was up-regulated in the hippocampal tissues of rats exposed to isoflurane. Downregulation of miR-191 ameliorated isoflurane-induced cognition impairment, including the increase of the neurological score and the escape latency, and the decrease of the time spent in the original quadrant for the rats exposed to isoflurane. Isoflurane exposure inhibited hippocampal neuron viability and promoted cell apoptosis, which was reversed by down-regulation of miR-191. BDNF is a target gene of miR-191. CONCLUSIONS Isoflurane causes some neurotoxic effect which is mediated through miR-191 abnormal expression targeting BDNF. Downregulation of miR-191 has a protective role against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity, regulates the vitality and slows down neuronal cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Meiqing Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Zengfu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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Alston RP. Volatile anesthesia during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:3169-3170. [PMID: 32505606 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Alston RP, Kitchen C, McKenzie C, Homer N. A Comparison of the Arterial Blood Concentration of Isoflurane During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Between 2 Polypropylene Oxygenators. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 34:1184-1190. [PMID: 31548106 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to compare arterial blood concentration of isoflurane during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) between 2 polypropylene oxygenators of different designs. Secondary objectives were to compare levels of Bispectral Index Score (BIS) during CPB between the 2 oxygenators and to examine the relationships between oxygenator exhaust and arterial blood concentrations of isoflurane and BIS. DESIGN Single, blinded, randomized control trial. SETTING Teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-five patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. INTERVENTIONS Subjects were randomly assigned (1:1) to Inspire 8F (Sorin) or Affinity Fusion (Medtronic) oxygenators. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The mean arterial blood concentration in the Inspire 8F (Sorin) group was 59 (standard deviation [SD] 23) µg/mL, compared with 53 (SD 17) µg/mL in the Affinity Fusion (Medtronic) group with a nonsignificant mean difference of 6 (95% confidence interval = -11, 22) µg/mL (t[23] = 0.676, p = 0.50). No significant difference in BIS was found between the groups (p = 0.896). Moderate and strong, negative correlations respectively, were found between arterial and oxygenator exhaust correlations and BIS (r = -0.472, p < 0.05; r = -0.812, p < 0.001). A strong, positive correlation was found between arterial and exhaust isoflurane concentration (r = 0.810, p < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS No significant difference in arterial blood concentration of isoflurane or BIS was found between the Inspire 8F (Sorin) and Affinity Fusion (Medtronic) oxygenators. A significant positive correlation was found between arterial blood and oxygenator exhaust concentrations of isoflurane, as well as significant negative correlations between both arterial and oxygenator exhaust concentrations of isoflurane and BIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Peter Alston
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Cathy Kitchen
- School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher McKenzie
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie Homer
- Clinical Research Facility Mass Spectrometry Core Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Wang X, Zhang J, Feng K, Yang Y, Qi W, Martinez-Vazquez P, Zhao G, Wang T. The effect of hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass on three electro-encephalographic indices assessing analgesia and hypnosis during anesthesia: consciousness index, nociception index, and bispectral index. Perfusion 2019; 35:154-162. [PMID: 31387454 DOI: 10.1177/0267659119864821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The depth of anesthesia is commonly assessed in clinical practice by the patient's clinical signs. However, during cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia, common symptoms of nociception such as tachycardia, hypertension, sweating, or movement have low sensitivity and specificity in the description of the patient nociception and hypnosis, in particular, detecting nociceptive stimuli. Better monitoring of the depth of analgesia during hypothermia under cardiopulmonary bypass will avoid underdosage or overdosage of analgesia, especially opioids. Induced hypothermia has a multifactorial effect on the level of analgesia and hypnosis. Thermoregulatory processes appear essential for the activation of analgesic mechanisms, ranging from a physiological strong negative affiliation between nerve conduction velocity and temperature, until significant repercussions on the pharmacological dynamics of the analgesic drugs, the latter decreasing the clearance rate with a subsequent increase in the effect-site concentrations. Under the hypothesis that deep hypothermia induces massive effects on the analgesia and hypnosis levels of the patient, we studied whether hypothermia effects were mirrored by several neuromonitoring indices: two hypnosis indices, consciousness index and bispectral index, and a novel nociception index designed to evaluate the analgesic depth. In this clinical trial, 39 patients were monitored during general anesthesia with coronary atherosclerosis cardiopathy who were elective for on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery under hypothermia. The changes and correlation between the consciousness index, bispectral index, and nociception index with respect to the temperature were compared in different timepoints at basic state, during cardiopulmonary bypass and after cardiopulmonary bypass. While the three neuromonitoring indices showed significant correlations with respect to the temperature, the nociception index and consciousness index showed the strongest sensitivities, indicating that these two indices could be an important means of intraoperative neuromonitoring during induced hypothermia under cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kunpeng Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Cardiac surgery, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwei Qi
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Martinez-Vazquez
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guoguang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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