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Wu Y, Li M, Zhai K, Wei S, Li Z, Wu X, Ying J, Mu D, Ge Z, Li Y. Establishment of cerebral perfusion in a rat model with extracorporeal life support. Perfusion 2024:2676591241237133. [PMID: 39175255 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241237133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal life support echniques as an Adjunct to Advanced Cardiac Life Support is usually suitable for complex heart surgery such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cerebral perfusion is a clinically feasible neuroprotective strategy; however, the lack of a reliable small animal model.Methods: Based on the rat model of ECLS we evaluate the effects of ECLS-CP using HE staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining and ELISA.Result: We found that ECLS combined with the cerebral perfusion model did not cause brain injury and immune inflammation. There was no difference between the two by a left carotid artery or right carotid artery CP.Conclusion: These experimental results can provide the experimental basis for selecting blood vessels for ECLS patients and clinical CP to offers a trustworthy animal model for future exploration of applying brain perfusion strategies during ECLS-CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Neurology Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kerong Zhai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilin Wei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoming Ge
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Neurology Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Edinger F, Zajonz T, Mayer N, Schmidt G, Schneck E, Sander M, Koch C. A Novel Model of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Rats with Femoral Cannulation and Insights into Hemodynamic Changes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1819. [PMID: 39200283 PMCID: PMC11351971 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has gained wide acceptance for the treatment of acute severe respiratory failure. Since no rat model of VV ECMO therapy with femoral drainage has yet been described, although this cannulation strategy is commonly used in humans, this study aimed to establish such a model. Twenty male Lewis rats were randomly assigned to receive a sham procedure or VV ECMO therapy. After the inhalative induction of anesthesia, animals were intubated and the vascular accesses were placed surgically. While venous drainage was achieved through a modified multi-orifice 18 G cannula that was placed in the inferior vena cava through the femoral vein over a guide wire with an ultra-flexible tip, the venous return was realized via a shortened 20 G cannula into the jugular vein. Hemodynamic data were obtained from a tail artery and left ventricular pressure-volume catheter. Repetitive blood gas analyses were carried out, and systemic inflammation was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. While animals in the ECMO group showed adequate oxygenation and decarboxylation, there was no evidence of recirculation. VV ECMO therapy increased stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV). ECMO-induced inflammation was reflected in increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha. However, no differences in interleukins 6 and 10 were seen. This study describes a frequently used cannulation strategy in humans for a rat model of VV ECMO. Despite successful oxygenation and decarboxylation, the oxygenated blood may reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and lead to an increased LVEDV, which is associated with increased SV and CO. This model allows us to answer research questions about topics such as intestinal microcirculation in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Zajonz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Zhang R, Zhai K, Huang J, Wei S, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wu X, Li Y, Gao B. Sevoflurane alleviates lung injury and inflammatory response compared with propofol in a rat model of VV ECMO. Perfusion 2024; 39:142-150. [PMID: 36206156 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221131217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is a reasonable salvage treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it requires sedating the patient. Sevoflurane and propofol have pulmonary protective and immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of sevoflurane and propofol on rats with induced ARDS undergoing VV ECMO. METHODS Fifteen sprague-dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: Con group, sevoflurane (Sevo) group and propofol (Pro) group. Arterial blood gas tests were performed at time pointsT0 (baseline), T1 (the time to ARDS), and T2 (weaning from ECMO). Oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated, and lung edema assessed by determining the lung wet:dry ratio. The protein concentration in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was determined by using bicinchoninic acid assay. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the lung pathological scores in each group. IL-1β and TNF-α were also measured in the BALF, serum and lung. RESULTS Oxygenation index showed improvement in the Sevo group versus Pro group. The wet:dry ratio was reduced in the Sevo group compared with propofol-treated rats. Lung pathological scores were substantially lower in the Sevo group versus the Pro group. Protein concentrations in the BALF and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the Sevo group were substantially lower versus Pro group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that compared with propofol, sevoflurane was more efficacious in improving oxygenation and decreasing inflammatory response in rat models with ARDS subject to VV ECMO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kerong Zhai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilin Wei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingren Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Strudthoff LJ, Focke J, Hesselmann F, Kaesler A, Martins Costa A, Schlanstein PC, Schmitz-Rode T, Steinseifer U, Steuer NB, Wiegmann B, Arens J, Jansen SV. Novel Size-Variable Dedicated Rodent Oxygenator for ECLS Animal Models-Introduction of the "RatOx" Oxygenator and Preliminary In Vitro Results. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:800. [PMID: 37421033 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The overall survival rate of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) remains at 60%. Research and development has been slow, in part due to the lack of sophisticated experimental models. This publication introduces a dedicated rodent oxygenator ("RatOx") and presents preliminary in vitro classification tests. The RatOx has an adaptable fiber module size for various rodent models. Gas transfer performances over the fiber module for different blood flows and fiber module sizes were tested according to DIN EN ISO 7199. At the maximum possible amount of effective fiber surface area and a blood flow of 100 mL/min, the oxygenator performance was tested to a maximum of 6.27 mL O2/min and 8.2 mL CO2/min, respectively. The priming volume for the largest fiber module is 5.4 mL, while the smallest possible configuration with a single fiber mat layer has a priming volume of 1.1 mL. The novel RatOx ECLS system has been evaluated in vitro and has demonstrated a high degree of compliance with all pre-defined functional criteria for rodent-sized animal models. We intend for the RatOx to become a standard testing platform for scientific studies on ECLS therapy and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse J Strudthoff
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jannis Focke
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Hesselmann
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kaesler
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ana Martins Costa
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technologies, University of Twente, 7522 LW Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C Schlanstein
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinseifer
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Niklas B Steuer
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Bettina Wiegmann
- Department for Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625 Hanover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DLZ), 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Jutta Arens
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technologies, University of Twente, 7522 LW Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian V Jansen
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Chen C, Wang N, Wang B, Zhang Q, Hu Y, Cheng G, Tao S, Huang J, Wang C, Zhang Y. Network analysis-based strategy to investigate the protective effect of cepharanthine on rat acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1054339. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1054339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined with Network Analysis (NA) and in vivo experimental methods, we explored and verified the mechanism of Cepharanthine (CEP) involved in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Potential targets of CEP were searched using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The pathogenic genes related to ARDS were obtained using the DisGeNET database. A protein-protein interaction network of common target genes of disease-compound was subsequently built and visualised. Functional enrichment analysis was performed through the Enrichr database. Finally, for in vivo experimental verification, we established an oleic acid-induced ARDS rat model, mainly through histological evaluation and the ELISA method to evaluate both the protective effect of CEP on ARDS and its effect on inflammation. A total of 100 genes were found to be CEP targeted genes, while 153 genes were found to be associated with ARDS. The PPI network was used to illustrate the link and purpose of the genes associated with CEP and ARDS, which contained 238 nodes and 2,333 links. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that inflammatory response and its related signalling pathways were closely associated with CEP-mediated ARDS treatment. Thus, a key CEP–gene–pathway-ARDS network was constructed through network analysis, including 152 nodes (5 targets and 6 pathways) and 744 links. The results of in vivo experiments showed that CEP could alleviate histopathological changes and pulmonary edema related to ARDS, in addition to reducing neutrophil infiltration and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, whilst increasing serum contents of ResolvinD1 and ResolvinE1. Thus, these effects enhance the anti-inflammatory responses. Thus, our results show that CEP can treat oleic acid-induced ARDS in rats via ResolvinE1 and ResolvinD1 signalling pathways that promote inflammation resolution, providing a new avenue to explore for the clinical treatment of ARDS.
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Huang J, Zhang R, Zhai K, Li J, Yao M, Wei S, Cheng X, Yang J, Gao B, Wu X, Li Y. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation promotes alveolar epithelial recovery by activating Hippo/YAP signaling after lung injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:1391-1400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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