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Ling H, Huang W, Zhong W, Tan P, Zhang H, Liu Y, Chen J. Tolerance limit of external beam radiotherapy combined with low-dose rate brachytherapy in normal rabbit tissue. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2023:7174994. [PMID: 37210630 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dosage-optimized multimodal radiotherapies that are safe for head and neck cancer patients are desirable. In this study, we investigated tissue tolerance to varying doses of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with low-dose rate brachytherapy in the neck of a rabbit model. METHODS Twenty rabbits were used in the four test groups (five each) with iodine-125 seeds implanted in the neck treated with EBRT in four doses at 50, 40, 30 and 20 Gy each. Twelve rabbits for three control groups (four each). Three months after implantation, all rabbits were euthanized, and target tissues were collected. Analyses included seed implantation assessment, histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay, electron microscopy and statistics with the SPSS software. RESULTS Five rabbits died in the four test groups, and three rabbits died in the three control groups (one per group), which showed no significant difference by survival analysis. The calculated minimum peripheral dose was 17.6 Gy, the maximum dose near the seed was 1812.5 Gy, the D90 was 34.5 Gy and the mean dose was 124.5 Gy. In all groups that received radiation, apoptosis occurred primarily in the esophageal mucosa and corresponded to the dose of radiation; a higher dose caused a greater apoptosis, with significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). Electron microscopy of carotid arteries revealed that endothelial cells were swollen and some were shed from basement membrane, but no other noticeable tissue damages. CONCLUSIONS Limited EBRT at maximal dose (50 Gy) combined with the brachytherapy interstitially applied to the neck was tolerated well in the rabbit model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ling
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Wenxiao Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Waisheng Zhong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Pingqing Tan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
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Yao Y, Li Z, Jiao D, Zhou X, Li J, Han X. Palliative local treatment of bone metastases by 125I seed brachytherapy under DynaCT guidance: single-center experience. Diagn Interv Radiol 2021; 27:558-563. [PMID: 33769288 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2021.20769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the clinical benefit of 125I seed brachytherapy under DynaCT guidance for palliative local treatment of bone metastases. METHODS From December 2014 to September 2017, 82 patients with painful bone metastases, who experienced treatment failure using standard strategies or rejected treatment were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent 125I seed brachytherapy under DynaCT guidance. Technical success, visual analogue scale (VAS), numerical rating scale (NRS), verbal rating scale (VRS), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) and complications were analyzed. RESULTS The success rate of 125I seed implantation was 100%. The VAS and NRS scores for the most severe pain were 7.0 (5.0-9.0) and 8.0 (6.0-9.0) before brachytherapy. The pain scores assessed every 2 hours gradually decreased within 12 hours (p < 0.001). A comparison of KPS scores showed that patients had significantly better quality of life on weeks 1, 4, and 8 than on week 0 (p < 0.001). The associated complications were mild subcutaneous hemorrhage 25.6% (21/82), fever 7.3% (6/82), minor displacement of radioactive seeds 5.0% (4/82), pathologic fracture 2.4% (2/82), and local skin reaction 2.4% (2/82). After symptomatic treatment, all complications were relieved. Minor displacement of radioactive seeds did not cause damage to adjacent tissues. No serious life-threatening complications occurred in the study group. CONCLUSION DynaCT-guided 125I seed implantation is a safe and effective method for palliation of painful bone metastases from cancer after failure or rejection of conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhu Y, Dong M, Yang J, Zhang J. Evaluation of Iodine-125 Interstitial Brachytherapy Using Micro-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Xenografts. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:371-380. [PMID: 30636171 PMCID: PMC6339452 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodine-125 interstitial brachytherapy (125I-IBT) is a promising treatment option for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study evaluated the usefulness of micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (micro-PET/CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in assessing response to 125I-IBT in HCC HepG2 xenograft. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve mice with bilateral HepG2 xenografts were divided into 3 equal groups implanted with iodine-125 seeds into the left xenografts with a dose of 30, 50, and 80 Gy, respectively, and the right xenografts were used as internal controls. Before and 28 days after treatment, the 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT was performed. The ratios of left to right xenografts of tumor volume (RTV), maximum standardized uptake value (RSUVmax), mean optical density of caspase-3 expression (RMODcaspase-3), and apoptosis index (RAI) were compared. RESULTS The RTV means of the 50 and 80 Gy groups were significantly lower than in the 30 Gy group after treatment (P<0.01) and the RTV means after treatment were lower than baseline in the 50 and 80 Gy groups (P<0.05). The RSUVmax mean after treatment was lower than baseline in the 80 Gy group (P<0.05). The RMODCaspase-3 and RAI means of the 80 Gy group were higher than in the 30 Gy group (P<0.05). The RSUVmax was correlated negatively to RMODcaspase-3 (r=-0.624, P<0.05) and RAI (r=-0.651, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggest that 125I-IBT inhibits tumor growth via upregulating caspase-3 expression and prompting apoptosis in HCC HepG2 xenografts. The 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT may be a useful functional imaging modality to assess early response to 125I-IBT in HCC HepG2 xenograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjun Zhu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Mengjie Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Zhang J, Zhu Y, Dong M, Yang J, Weng W, Teng L. Iodine-125 interstitial brachytherapy reduces tumor growth via Warburg effect inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer A549 ×enografts. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5969-5977. [PMID: 30344747 PMCID: PMC6176348 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine-125 interstitial brachytherapy (125I-IBT) is an alternative and effective treatment option for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the Warburg effect is a determinant of tumor growth. The present study aimed to explore the influence of 125I-IBT on tumor growth and the Warburg effect, and the potential mechanisms underlying NSCLC progression. Mice with A549 cell xenografts were evenly divided into a control group without 125I-IBT, and three treatment groups receiving 125I-IBT with 20, 40 and 60 Gy. Tumor volume (TV), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) determined by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography and mean optical density (MOD) of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), c-Myc, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) staining were compared among groups. Tumor inhibition rate (TIR), 18F-FDG uptake attenuation rate (FUAR) and expression suppression rate (ESR) were also calculated on day 14 and 28. The results demonstrated that the mean TV in the 60 and 40 Gy groups was smaller compared with the control TVs since days 14 and 16, respectively. The mean SUVmax value of the 60 Gy group at day 14, and all treatment group SUVmax values at day 28 were lower compared with the controls. In addition, the MOD of mTOR and GLUT1 was lower in the 60 Gy group, compared with the other groups, and c-Myc and HIF-1α values were lower in the 40 and 60 Gy groups, compared with the control and 20 Gy group (P<0.05). SUVmax positively correlated to TV (day 14, r=0.711; day 28, r=0.586) and the MOD of c-Myc and GLUT1 (r=0.621 and 0.546, respectively; P<0.01). Furthermore, dose dependent increases were observed for TIR, FUAR and ESR. In conclusion, 125I-IBT reduced tumor growth by inhibiting the Warburg effect, which may have resulted from downregulation of mTOR, c-Myc, HIF-1α and GLUT1 expression, particularly c-Myc and GLUT1, in NSCLC A549 ×enografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yangjun Zhu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wanwen Weng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Lu J, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Teng G, Chen K. Clinical efficacy of computed tomography-guided iodine-125 seed implantation therapy in patients with advanced spinal metastatic tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:7-12. [PMID: 26719712 PMCID: PMC4690646 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s95410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and clinical efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided radioactive iodine-125 (125I) seed implantation treatment in patients with spinal metastatic tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 20 cases of spinal metastatic tumors, including nine men and eleven women aged 50–79 years (mean age: 61.1 years). We used treatment planning system (TPS) to construct three-dimensional images of the spinal metastatic tumors and to determine what number and dose rate distribution to use for the 125I seeds. The matched peripheral dose of the 125I seed implantation was 90–130 Gy. Twenty-four spinal metastatic tumors were treated by CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation. A median of 19 (range: 4–43) 125I seeds were implanted. Results Twenty cases were followed for a median of 15.3 months (range: 7–32 months). The rate of pain relief was 95%. The median control time for all of the patients was 12.5 months. The 3-, 6-, and 12-month cumulative local control rates were 100%, 95%, and 60%, respectively. The median survival time for all of the patients was 16 months. The cumulative 6- and 12-month survival rates were 100% and 78.81%, respectively. No major complications were observed. No 125I seeds were lost or migrated to other tissues or organs. Conclusion CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for the treatment of patients with spinal metastatic tumors. It is a possible alternative therapy for the treatment of spinal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Zhang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingsheng Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai the Sixth People Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaojun Teng
- Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kemin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai the Sixth People Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Hu S, Shi X, Chen Y, Huang W, Song Q, Lin X, Liu Y, Chen K, Wang Z. Functional imaging of interstitial brachytherapy in pancreatic carcinoma xenografts using spectral CT: how does iodine concentration correlate with standardized uptake value of (18)FDG-PET-CT? Br J Radiol 2015; 89:20150573. [PMID: 26642307 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the correlation between iodine concentration (IC) for the quantitative analysis of spectral CT and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT ((18)FDG PET-CT) as an indicator of therapeutic response to interstitial brachytherapy in transplanted human pancreatic carcinomas in BALB/c-nu mice. METHODS Xenograft models were created by subcutaneous injection of SW1990 human pancreatic cancer cell suspensions into immunodeficient BALB/c-nu mice. 30 mice bearing SW1990 human pancreatic cancer cell xenografts were randomly separated into two groups: experimental (n = 15; 1.0 mCi) and control (n = 15, 0 mCi). After 2 weeks of treatment, spectral CT and (18)FDG micro-PET-CT scan were performed. IC values and SUVmax in the lesions were measured. IC normalized to the muscle tissue is indicated as nIC. The relationships between the nIC and SUVmax of the transplantation tumours were analysed. RESULTS 2 weeks after treatment, the nIC in three-phase scans and SUVmax of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The nIC values of the three-phase scans have certain positive correlation with the SUVmax values (r = 0.69, p < 0.05; r = 0.73 and p < 0.05; r = 0.80, p < 0.05 in the 10-, 25- and 60-s phase, respectively). CONCLUSION Spectral CT could serve as a valuable imaging modality, as our results suggest that nIC correlates with SUVmax of (18)FDG PET-CT for evaluating the therapeutic effect of (125)I interstitial brachytherapy in a pancreatic carcinoma xenograft. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Spectral CT offers opportunities to assess the therapeutic response of pancreatic cancer. This study supports the conclusion that nIC values in spectral CT could also serve as a valuable functional imaging parameter for early monitoring and evaluation of the therapeutic response of (125)I interstitial brachytherapy mouse models because the nIC correlates with the SUVmax of (18)FDG PET-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Hu
- 1 Department of Radiology, The affiliated Renmin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- 3 Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yerong Chen
- 1 Department of Radiology, The affiliated Renmin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- 2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Song
- 2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhu Lin
- 2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- 4 Department of Radiology, Ninth people's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kemin Chen
- 2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- 2 Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang ZM, Lu J, Zhang LY, Lin XZ, Chen KM, Chen ZJ, Liu FJ, Yan FH, Teng GJ, Mao AW. Biological effects of low-dose-rate irradiation of pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro using 125I seeds. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:2336-2342. [PMID: 25741139 PMCID: PMC4342908 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i8.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the mechanism of the radiation-induced biological effects of 125I seeds on pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro.
METHODS: SW1990 and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines were cultured in DMEM in a suitable environment. Gray’s model of iodine-125 (125I) seed irradiation was used. In vitro, exponential phase SW1990, and PANC-1 cells were exposed to 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy using 125I radioactive seeds, with an initial dose rate of 12.13 cGy/h. A clonogenic survival experiment was performed to observe the ability of the cells to maintain their clonogenic capacity and to form colonies. Cell-cycle and apoptosis analyses were conducted to detect the apoptosis percentage in the SW1990 and PANC-1 cells. DNA synthesis was measured via a tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation experiment. After continuous low-dose-rate irradiation with 125I radioactive seeds, the survival fractions at 2 Gy (SF2), percentage apoptosis, and cell cycle phases of the SW1990 and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines were calculated and compared.
RESULTS: The survival fractions of the PANC-1 and SW1990 cells irradiated with 125I seeds decreased exponentially as the dose increased. No significant difference in SF2 was observed between SW1990 and PANC-1 cells (0.766 ± 0.063 vs 0.729 ± 0.045, P < 0.05). The 125I seeds induced a higher percentage of apoptosis than that observed in the control in both the SW1990 and PANC-1 cells. The rate of apoptosis increased with increasing radiation dosage. The percentage of apoptosis was slightly higher in the SW1990 cells than in the PANC-1 cells. Dose-dependent G2/M cell-cycle arrest was observed after 125I seed irradiation, with a peak value at 6 Gy. As the dose increased, the percentage of G2/M cell cycle arrest increased in both cell lines, whereas the rate of DNA incorporation decreased. In the 3H-TdR incorporation experiment, the dosimetry results of both the SW1990 and PANC-1 cells decreased as the radiation dose increased, with a minimum at 6 Gy. There were no significant differences in the dosimetry results of the two cell lines when they were exposed to the same dose of radiation.
CONCLUSION: The pancreatic cancer cell-killing effects induced by 125I radioactive seeds mainly occurred via apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest.
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Hu S, Huang W, Chen Y, Song Q, Lin X, Wang Z, Chen K. Spectral CT evaluation of interstitial brachytherapy in pancreatic carcinoma xenografts: preliminary animal experience. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:2167-73. [PMID: 24903229 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the capability of spectral CT to detect the therapeutic response to (125)I interstitial brachytherapy in a pancreatic carcinoma xenograft nude mouse model. METHODS Twenty mice bearing SWl990 human pancreatic cancer cell xenografts were randomly separated into two groups: experimental (n = 10; 1.0 mCi) and control (n = 10; 0 mCi). After a two-week treatment, spectral CT was performed. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and iodine concentration (IC) in the lesions were measured and normalized to the muscle tissue, and nIC CD31 immunohistochemistry was used to measure microvessel density (MVD). The relationships between the nIC and MVD of the tumours were analysed. RESULTS The nIC of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group during the multiphase examination. A significant difference in the MVD was observed between the two groups (P <0.001). The nIC values of the three-phase scans have a certain positive correlation with MVD (r = 0.57, p < 0.0001; r = 0.48, p = 0.002; r = 0.63, p = 0.0017 in the 10, 25, and 60 s phase, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Spectral CT can be a useful non-invasive imaging modality in evaluating the therapeutic effect of (125)I interstitial brachytherapy to a pancreatic carcinoma. KEY POINTS Spectral CT offers opportunities to assess therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer cases. Spectral CT findings correlated with vascular changes associated with (125)I seed implantation. Spectral CT with monochromatic imaging removed most (125)I seed artefacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Renmin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, China,
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