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Parsons M, Tong Y, Valenti SC, Gorelik V, Bhatnagar S, Boily M, Gorelik N. Reporting of Participant Demographics in Clinical Trials Published in General Radiology Journals. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2024; 53:81-91. [PMID: 37741699 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The reporting of research participant demographics provides insights into study generalizability. Our study aimed to determine the frequency at which participant age, sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) are reported and used for subgroup analyses in radiology randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and their secondary analyses; as well as the study characteristics associated with, and the classification systems used for demographics reporting. METHODS RCTs and their secondary analyses published in 8 leading radiology journals between 2013 and 2021 were included. Associations between study characteristics and demographic reporting were tested with the chi-square goodness of fit test for categorical variables, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for impact factor, and logistic regression for publication year. RESULTS Among 432 included articles, 89.4% (386) reported age, 90.3% (390) sex/gender, 5.6% (24) race/ethnicity, and 3.0% (13) SES. Among articles that reported these demographics and were not specific to a subgroup, results were analyzed by age in 14.2% (55/386), sex/gender in 19.4% (66/340), race/ethnicity in 13.6% (3/22), and SES in 46.2% (6/13). Journal, impact factor, and last author continent were predictors of race/ethnicity and SES reporting. Funding was associated with race/ethnicity reporting. No study reported sex and gender separately, or documented transgender, nonbinary gender spectrum or intersex participants. A single category for race/ethnicity was used in 37.5% (9/24) of studies, consisting of either "White" or "Caucasian." CONCLUSION The reporting of participant demographics in radiology trials is variable and not always representative of the population diversity. Editorial guidelines on the reporting and analysis of participant demographics could help standardize practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlee Parsons
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yi Tong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Sahir Bhatnagar
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Boily
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalia Gorelik
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Parillo M, van der Molen AJ, Asbach P, Elsholtz FHJ, Laghi A, Ronot M, Wu JS, Mallio CA, Quattrocchi CC. The role of iodinated contrast media in computed tomography structured Reporting and Data Systems (RADS): a narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7621-7631. [PMID: 37969632 PMCID: PMC10644138 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective In recent years, there has been a large-scale dissemination of guidelines in radiology in the form of Reporting & Data Systems (RADS). The use of iodinated contrast media (ICM) has a fundamental role in enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of computed tomography (CT) but poses certain risks. The scope of the present review is to summarize the current role of ICM only in clinical reporting guidelines for CT that have adopted the "RADS" approach, focusing on three specific questions per each RADS: (I) what is the scope of the scoring system; (II) how is ICM used in the scoring system; (III) what is the impact of ICM enhancement on the scoring. Methods We analyzed the original articles for each of the latest versions of RADS that can be used in CT [PubMed articles between January, 2005 and March, 2023 in English and American College of Radiology (ACR) official website]. Key Content and Findings We found 14 RADS suitable for use in CT out of 28 RADS described in the literature. Four RADS were validated by the ACR: Colonography-RADS (C-RADS), Liver Imaging-RADS (LI-RADS), Lung CT Screening-RADS (Lung-RADS), and Neck Imaging-RADS (NI-RADS). One RADS was validated by the ACR in collaboration with other cardiovascular scientific societies: Coronary Artery Disease-RADS 2.0 (CAD-RADS). Nine RADS were proposed by other scientific groups: Bone Tumor Imaging-RADS (BTI-RADS), Bone‑RADS, Coronary Artery Calcium Data & Reporting System (CAC-DRS), Coronavirus Disease 2019 Imaging-RADS (COVID-RADS), COVID-19-RADS (CO-RADS), Interstitial Lung Fibrosis Imaging-RADS (ILF-RADS), Lung-RADS (LU-RADS), Node-RADS, and Viral Pneumonia Imaging-RADS (VP-RADS). Conclusions This overview suggests that ICM is not strictly necessary for the study of bones and calcifications (CAC-DRS, BTI-RADS, Bone-RADS), lung parenchyma (Lung-RADS, LU-RADS, COVID-RADS, CO-RADS, VP-RADS and ILF-RADS), and in CT colonography (C-RADS). On the other hand, ICM plays a key role in CT angiography (CAD-RADS), in the study of liver parenchyma (LI-RADS), and in the evaluation of soft tissues and lymph nodes (NI-RADS, Node-RADS). Future studies are needed in order to evaluate the impact of the new iodinated and non-iodinate contrast media, artificial intelligence tools and dual energy CT in the assignment of RADS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parillo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Aart J. van der Molen
- Department of Radiology, C-2S, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Asbach
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Henry Jürgen Elsholtz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Laghi
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology-Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Maxime Ronot
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP Nord, Clichy, France
- Université Paris Cité, CRI UMR1148, Paris, France
| | - Jim S. Wu
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlo Augusto Mallio
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
- Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
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Li W, Zhang H, Ren L, Zou Y, Tian F, Ji X, Li Q, Wang W, Ma G, Xia S. Radiomics of dual-energy computed tomography for predicting progression-free survival in patients with early glottic cancer. Future Oncol 2022; 18:1873-1884. [PMID: 35293227 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with early glottic cancer using radiomic features on dual-energy computed tomography iodine maps. Methods: Radiomic features were extracted from arterial and venous phase iodine maps, and radiomic risk scores were determined by univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression with tenfold cross-validation. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the association between radiomic risk scores and PFS. Results: Patients were stratified into low-risk and high-risk groups using radiomics, the PFS corresponding rates with statistical significance between the two groups. The high-risk group showed better survival, benefiting from laryngectomy. Conclusion: Radiomics could provide a promising biomarker for predicting the PFS of early glottic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Huanlei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 Changling Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 Changling Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Fengyue Tian
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University (Tianjin No. 4 Hospital), No. 4 Weishan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xiaodong Ji
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Guolin Ma
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
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A comparative study between CT, MRI, and intraoral US for the evaluation of the depth of invasion in early stage (T1/T2) tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Radiol 2021; 38:114-125. [PMID: 33970389 PMCID: PMC8741672 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-021-00533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to clarify the accuracy of intraoral ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative image depth of invasion (DOI) measurement of T1/T2 tongue cancer through comparison with histopathological measurements. Methods Imaging of the primary lesions was performed at our hospital; the lesions were classified into T1 and T2 based on the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC, and surgery performed. There was histopathological confirmation of lesions as squamous cell carcinoma in 48 patients with tongue cancer. T3 and T4 cases, cases in which preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy were performed, and cases where biopsy was performed before imaging were excluded. The radiological DOI in US, CT, and MRI and the histopathological DOI as base were comparatively investigated and statistical analyses were performed by Bland–Altman analysis and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results Bland–Altman analysis showed that the US radiological DOI was overestimated by an average of 0.2 mm compared to the histopathological DOI, while CT and MRI radiological DOI were overestimated by an average of 2–3 mm. The comparison of CT and MRI revealed that the difference between the MRI and histopathological DOI, as well as the 95% limit of agreement, were smaller than those of the CT radiological DOI. Conclusions US is the most accurate preoperative diagnostic tool for T1 and T2 squamous cell carcinoma; CT and MRI tend to have an overestimation of about 2–3 mm and so caution is required.
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Schöckel L, Jost G, Seidensticker P, Lengsfeld P, Palkowitsch P, Pietsch H. Developments in X-Ray Contrast Media and the Potential Impact on Computed Tomography. Invest Radiol 2020; 55:592-597. [DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Currie GM. Pharmacology, Part 5: CT and MRI Contrast Media. J Nucl Med Technol 2019; 47:189-202. [PMID: 30770477 DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.118.220012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacology principles provide key understanding that underpins the clinical and research roles of nuclear medicine practitioners. The scope of practice of the nuclear medicine technologist demands knowledge and understanding of indications, contraindications, warnings, precautions, proper use, drug interactions, and adverse reactions for each medication to be used. This article is part of a series that aims to enhance understanding of pharmacologic principles relevant to nuclear medicine. This article will build on the introductory concepts, terminology, and principles of pharmacology explored in the first 2 articles in the series. Specifically, this article will focus on the pharmacologic principles and adverse reactions associated with iodinated and gadolinium contrast media used in CT and MRI, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M Currie
- Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia, and Regis University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Extracellular pH is a biomarker enabling detection of breast cancer and liver cancer using CEST MRI. Oncotarget 2018; 8:45759-45767. [PMID: 28501855 PMCID: PMC5542224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular pH (pHe) decrease is associated with tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance, which can be detected by chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we demonstrated that ioversol CEST MRI can be exploited to achieve pHe mapping of the liver cancer microenvironment. In in vitro studies, we firstly explored whether ioversol signal is pH-dependent, and calculated the function equation between the CEST effects of ioversol and pH values, in the range of 6.0 to 7.8, by a ratiometric method. Then we verified the feasibility of this technique and the equation in vivo by applying pHe imaging in an MMTV-Erbb2 transgenic mouse breast cancer model, which is often used in CEST pHe studies. Furthermore, in vivo ioversol CEST MRI, we were able to map relative pHe and differentiate between tumor and normal tissue in a McA-RH7777 rat hepatoma model. This suggests pHe may be a useful biomarker for human liver cancer.
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Spampinato MV, Abid A, Matheus MG. Current Radiographic Iodinated Contrast Agents. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2017; 25:697-704. [PMID: 28964459 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Millions of radiologic examinations requiring the use of iodinated contrast are performed yearly in North America. Triiodobenzoic acid, the contrast agent molecule currently in use, is a benzene ring covalently bonded to the 3 iodine atoms. Iodinated contrast media can be divided in 4 categories: ionic monomers, ionic dimers, nonionic monomer, and nonionic dimers. Currently, second- and third-generation nonionic low-osmolar and iso-osmolar contrast media are used in clinical practice. The search for a safer and more effective iodinated contrast agents remains an ongoing challenge and important research topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Spampinato
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street MSC 323, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Ahad Abid
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Maria Gisele Matheus
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street MSC 323, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Yeh BM, FitzGerald PF, Edic PM, Lambert JW, Colborn RE, Marino ME, Evans PM, Roberts JC, Wang ZJ, Wong MJ, Bonitatibus PJ. Opportunities for new CT contrast agents to maximize the diagnostic potential of emerging spectral CT technologies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:201-222. [PMID: 27620496 PMCID: PMC5344792 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of spectral CT imaging in the form of fast clinical dual-energy CT enabled contrast material to be differentiated from other radiodense materials, improved lesion detection in contrast-enhanced scans, and changed the way that existing iodine and barium contrast materials are used in clinical practice. More profoundly, spectral CT can differentiate between individual contrast materials that have different reporter elements such that high-resolution CT imaging of multiple contrast agents can be obtained in a single pass of the CT scanner. These spectral CT capabilities would be even more impactful with the development of contrast materials designed to complement the existing clinical iodine- and barium-based agents. New biocompatible high-atomic number contrast materials with different biodistribution and X-ray attenuation properties than existing agents will expand the diagnostic power of spectral CT imaging without penalties in radiation dose or scan time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Yeh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States.
| | - Paul F FitzGerald
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Peter M Edic
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Jack W Lambert
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Robert E Colborn
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Michael E Marino
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Paul M Evans
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, The Grove Centre, White Lion Road, Amersham, Buckinghamshire HP7 9LL, United Kingdom
| | - Jeannette C Roberts
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
| | - Zhen J Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Margaret J Wong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States
| | - Peter J Bonitatibus
- General Electric Global Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309, United States
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Hogstrom B, Ikei N. Physicochemical properties of radiographic contrast media, potential nephrotoxicity and prophylaxis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:1251-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Hogstrom
- Otsuka Novel Products, Medical Imaging; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization; Princeton NJ USA
| | - Nobuhiro Ikei
- Otsuka International Asia Arab Division; Otsuka Pharmaceutical; Osaka Japan
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Meurer K, Laniado M, Hosten N, Kelsch B, Hogstrom B. Intra-arterial and intravenous applications of Iosimenol 340 injection, a new non-ionic, dimeric, iso-osmolar radiographic contrast medium: phase 2 experience. Acta Radiol 2015; 56:702-8. [PMID: 24938661 PMCID: PMC4427611 DOI: 10.1177/0284185114536157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iosimenol 340 injection is a new, dimeric, iso-osmolar, iodinated contrast medium for X-ray angiography. PURPOSE To compare the safety and efficacy of iosimenol injection to iodixanol injection in two randomized, controlled phase 2 trials. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and forty-four adult patients were enrolled in the two trials, one for evaluation during arteriography and the other for evaluation during computed tomography. Safety was compared by assessing adverse events, vital signs, ECGs, and laboratory parameters. Efficacy was assessed as X-ray attenuation in the computed tomography (CT) trial and as the quality of contrast enhancement in the arteriography trial. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in terms of safety or efficacy between the two contrast media. Both were well tolerated upon intravenous as well as intra-arterial injection. The most common adverse event was a feeling of warmth (observed in 35.1% of the patients with Iosimenol injection and 44.3% with iodixanol injection). CONCLUSION Iosimenol upon intravenous as well as upon intra-arterial injection exhibits a safety profile and shows an efficacy similar to that of iodixanol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Laniado
- Institut und Poliklinik für Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bettina Kelsch
- Department of Radiology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barry Hogstrom
- Otsuka Novel Products, Medical Imaging, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Princeton, NJ, USA
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