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Tang Y, Wei Z, Li N, Jiang C, Liang C, Sun L, Tian L, Jin Z, Wu Z, Sun H. CT Quantitation and Prediction of the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Non-Obese Patients with Pancreatic Fatty Infiltration. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2619-2625. [PMID: 38974951 PMCID: PMC11226987 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s455966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-obese patients with pancreatic fatty infiltration through abdominal computed tomography (CT) quantitation. Patients and Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis of abdominal CT and inpatient medical records of 238 inpatients from July 2019 to April 2021. The patients were divided into a normal non-obese group (BMI < 25, n = 135) and diabetic non-obese group (BMI < 25, n = 103). Abdominal CT-related parameters included body width; mean CT values of the pancreas, liver, and spleen; difference between pancreas and spleen CT values (P-S); pancreas-to-spleen attenuation ratio (P/S); and liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio (L/S). Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk factors for comorbid diabetes in a non-obese population. Results The P-values of the pancreas CT value, P-S, P/S, body width, and L/S were all <0.05 and correlated to comorbid diabetes in non-obese patients. Worsening pancreatic fatty infiltration increased the risk of developing diabetes. Using a P/S of 1.0 as reference, every successive decrease in this ratio by 0.1 increases patient risk by 3.981, 4.452, 6.037, and 12.937 times. Conclusion The risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-obese patients increases with the degree of pancreatic fatty infiltration as assessed by CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zemin Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lufeng Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Moin H, Shafi R, Ishtiaq A, Liaquat A, Majeed S, Zaidi NN. Effectiveness of analog of Humanin in ameliorating streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in Sprague Dawley rats. Peptides 2023; 165:171014. [PMID: 37119975 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus(DM) is associated with numerous complications, including nephropathy, which principally occur due to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Humanin(HN), a novel peptide generated from mitochondria, has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential as observed in different disease models. However, role of HN in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been explored. This study aimed to evaluate biochemical and molecular aspects of the effects of HN analog, Humanin-glycine([S14G]-humanin) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of DN. Ninety Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly segregated into three groups - A (control), B (disease control) and C (treatment). DM type-I was induced in group B and C via single intra-peritoneal dose of STZ (45mg/Kg). Seven days following STZ injection, rats were deemed diabetic if their blood glucose level was >250mg/dL. Subsequently, diabetic rats in group C were injected with [S14G]-humanin intra-peritoneally (0.4mg/Kg/day) for sixteen weeks. Biochemical analysis revealed that diabetic rats had markedly elevated levels of serum glucose, creatinine, BUN, TNF-α, and kidney tissue SOD. Whereas, significant decline was detected in serum insulin and albumin levels. All these parameters were significantly reversed in group C after administering [S14G]-humanin. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis displayed up-regulation of pro-inflammatory (IL-18, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α) and down-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-1RN, IL-4) in diabetic rats (group B). [S14G]-humanin treatment significantly reversed the expression IL-18 and IL-1α, however, change in relative expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines was insignificant(group C). Conclusively, the findings of this study depicted potential therapeutic role of [S14G]-humanin in pre-clinical rodent model of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Moin
- Department of Physiology, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Riffat Shafi
- Department of Physiology, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Ishtiaq
- Signal Transduction Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Afrose Liaquat
- Dr. Qamar Alam Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Sadaf Majeed
- Department of Physiology, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Nilofar Nasir Zaidi
- Department of Physiology, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
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Osman HE, Osama H, Yousef M, Alsalamah A, Bushara L, Abdalaziz I. Correlation Between Clinical Features of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with CT Findings of Fatty Liver Patients. PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.47836/pjst.31.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
People with fatty liver disease are at major risk of liver cirrhosis and malignancies. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between fatty liver and diabetes features on computed tomography (CT) using Hounsfield units for the liver and spleen. The research was conducted in Jeddah Hospital’s Medical Imaging Department and CT scan department from March 2018 until March 2020. A total of 50 patients with diabetes were chosen randomly, with males (26) and females (24) ranging in age from 31 to 80 years old. Descriptive statistics of body mass index were recorded for the liver and the spleen; the main liver enzymes were Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), albumin, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin, which were measured and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program, version 23. We found a significant correlation of ALT and direct bilirubin with liver and spleen HU at p value < 0.017 and < 0.073, respectively; the mean and standard deviation for the other liver enzymes GGT, albumin, and total bilirubin in segment 3 of the left liver were 45.48 ± 7.077 HU, 45.00 ± 7.797 HU, 36.67 ± 5.776 HU, and 37.23 ± 4.885 HU, respectively. We concluded that fatty liver is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus symptoms such as high ALT and direct bilirubin, with no significant association between GGT, albumin, total bilirubin, and liver and spleen HU.
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Tang Y, Wei ZM, Li N, Sun LL, Jin ZY, Wu Z, Sun H. Quantitative analysis of the risk of type 2 diabetes and fatty liver in non-obese individuals by computed tomography. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:2099-2105. [PMID: 35389075 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the risk of fatty liver and type 2 diabetes with quantitative parameters of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in a non-obese population. METHODS A retrospective analysis of abdominal CT and hospitalization records of inpatients admitted from May 2019 to May 2021 were divided into a non-obese control group (n = 143 cases) and a non-obese diabetes group (n = 105 cases). The measured abdominal CT parameters included body width, liver and spleen CT values, and the ratio of the liver CT value to the spleen CT value (L/S ratio). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for diabetes in non-obese individuals. RESULTS Three variables including body width (P < 0.001), liver CT value (P = 0.013), and L/S ratio (P = 0.002) were significantly correlated with the presence of diabetes in non-obese individuals. CONCLUSION Body width, liver CT value, and L/S ratio can be used to indicate the risk of type 2 diabetes in non-obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, 113006, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ze-Min Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, 113006, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, 113006, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin-Lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, 113006, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Radiology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, 113006, Liaoning Province, China.
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Trehalose Activates Hepatic and Myocardial Autophagy and Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects in db/db Diabetic Mice. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030442. [PMID: 35330193 PMCID: PMC8950581 DOI: 10.3390/life12030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Db/db mice (carrying a mutation in the gene encoding leptin receptor) show autophagy suppression. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of autophagy inducer trehalose on liver and heart autophagy in db/db mice and to study inflammation dysregulation and the suitability of chitinases’ expression levels as diabetes markers. Thirty-eight male db/db mice and C57/BL mice (control) were used. The db/db model manifested inflammation symptoms: overexpression of TNF-α in the spleen and underexpression of IL-10 in the liver and spleen (cytokine imbalance). Simultaneously, we revealed decreased expression of chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acid mammalian chitinase (CHIA) in the liver of db/db mice. CHIA expression in db/db mice is significantly lower only in the spleen. Trehalose treatment significantly reduced blood glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin. Treatment of db/db mice by trehalose was followed by increased autophagy induction in the heart and liver (increased autolysosomes volume density studied by morphometric electron-microscopic method). Trehalose exerted beneficial cardiac effects possibly via increased lipophagy (uptake of lipid droplets). The autophagy activation by trehalose had several positive effects on the heart and liver of db/db mice; therefore, lipophagy activation seems to be a promising therapy for diabetes.
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Correlation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease before and after Metabolic Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2020; 30:3803-3812. [PMID: 32529354 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04696-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has revealed that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the impact of OSA on NAFLD among obese patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), especially during follow-up period, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation based on preoperative characteristics and postoperative conditions among bariatric patients with comorbid OSA and NAFLD. METHODS Clinical data of patients who underwent MBS in our institution between January 2016 and June 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Correlation analysis and linear regressions were used to identify how OSA links with NAFLD before and after treatment of MBS. RESULTS Of 308 patients, 181 were diagnosed with OSA and enrolled in the present study, and 127 completed follow-up visits at 6 months. The proportion of NAFLD in the mild-moderate OSA and severe OSA groups was 75.0% and 96.0%, respectively. MBS was effective at improving sleep apnea and nocturnal hypoxia, as well as liver steatosis and fibrosis (P < 0.05). And we also found that there were significant correlations not only between OSA- and NAFLD-related characteristics at baseline but also between their improvements after surgery, eventually leading to similar prognosis of NAFLD for both groups (P < 0.05), no matter what presurgical differences existed. In addition, the results of the univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses supported preoperative liver/spleen Hounsfield units ratio (LSR) by computerized tomography (CT) as an independent predictor of the effect of MBS on liver steatosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, MBS plays a pivotal role in the control of medical conditions in obese patients with OSA and NAFLD. Given the correlation between OSA and NAFLD in the present study, in the case of both the severity at baseline as well as the improvement after surgery, OSA may pose an impact on the prognosis of NAFLD in bariatric patients.
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Mora-Ortiz M, Nuñez Ramos P, Oregioni A, Claus SP. NMR metabolomics identifies over 60 biomarkers associated with Type II Diabetes impairment in db/db mice. Metabolomics 2019; 15:89. [PMID: 31179513 PMCID: PMC6556514 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid expansion of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), that currently affects 90% of people suffering from diabetes, urges us to develop a better understanding of the metabolic processes involved in the disease process in order to develop better therapies. The most commonly used model for T2D research is the db/db (BKS.Cg-Dock7 < m > +/+ Lepr < db >/J) mouse model. Yet, a systematic 1H NMR based metabolomics characterisation of most tissues in this animal model has not been published. Here, we provide a systematic organ-specific metabolomics analysis of this widely employed model using NMR spectroscopy. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise the metabolic modulations associated with T2D in db/db mice in 18 relevant biological matrices. METHODS High-resolution 1H-NMR and 2D-NMR spectroscopy were applied to 18 biological matrices of 12 db/db mice (WT control n = 6, db/db = 6) aged 22 weeks, when diabetes is fully established. RESULTS 61 metabolites associated with T2D were identified. Kidney, spleen, eye and plasma were the biological matrices carrying the largest metabolomics modulations observed in established T2D, based on the total number of metabolites that showed a statistical difference between the diabetic and control group in each tissue (16 in each case) and the strength of the O-PLS DA model for each tissue. Glucose and glutamate were the most commonly associated metabolites found significantly increased in nine biological matrices. Investigated sections where no increase of glucose was associated with T2D include all intestinal segments (i.e. duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon). Microbial co-metabolites such as acetate and butyrate, used as carbon sources by the host, were identified in excess in the colonic tissues of diabetic individuals. CONCLUSIONS The metabolic biomarkers identified using 1H NMR-based metabolomics will represent a useful resource to explore metabolic pathways involved in T2D in the db/db mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mora-Ortiz
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, P.O. Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
- Department of Twin Research, Kings' College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EW, UK.
| | - Patricia Nuñez Ramos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Campus de Badajoz, C.P. 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alain Oregioni
- MRC Biomedical NMR Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sandrine P Claus
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, P.O. Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
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Long-term Results of Bariatric Surgery for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Treatment in Morbidly Obese Japanese Patients. Obes Surg 2018; 29:1195-1201. [PMID: 30542827 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-03641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Decline in perception of acid regurgitation symptoms from gastroesophageal reflux disease in diabetes mellitus patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194466. [PMID: 29543865 PMCID: PMC5854384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine if a discrepancy exists between subjective symptoms and the grade of endoscopic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods All 2,884 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy completed the modified Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), an interview-based rating scale consisting of 16 items including a question on acid regurgitation. Patients were divided into DM and non-DM groups (1,135 and 1,749 patients, respectively). GERD was diagnosed endoscopically and graded according to the Los Angeles classification. Grade B or more severe GERD was defined as severe endoscopic GERD. The intergroup GSRS score was compared statistically. Results In severe endoscopic GERD patients, the prevalence of patients with a positive GSRS score in the acid regurgitation question was statistically lower in DM patients than non-DM patients. Of the 60 non-DM patients with severe endoscopic GERD, 40 patients (67%) had a positive GSRS score for acid regurgitation; however, of the 51 DM patients with severe endoscopic GERD, 23 patients (45%) had a positive GSRS score. Multivariate analysis showed that severe endoscopic GERD (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.21–3.33; p = 0.0066), non-DM (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.54–0.94; p = 0.0157), younger age (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99; p = 0.0125), and hiatal hernia (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.12–1.90; p = 0.0042) were associated with acid regurgitation symptoms. Conclusions There is a discrepancy between subjective symptoms and endoscopic GERD grade in DM patients. The ability of DM patients to feel acid regurgitation may be decreased.
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