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Cai J, Zhou Y, Chen X, Huang X, Li L, Zhu Y, Cai Q, Huang J, Sun Z. Is refractive error a factor affecting scoliosis? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303324. [PMID: 38739623 PMCID: PMC11090344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scoliosis is one of the most common surgical disorders of the pediatric spine. Refractive errors are commonly associated with vision impairment worldwide. However, it is currently unclear whether refractive error correlates directly with the development of scoliosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in 2023, and a stratified cluster sampling technique was employed among school-aged students in Nantong City, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate specific correlations between scoliosis and related parameters; various types of refractive errors were also included in the study. RESULTS The prevalence of scoliosis among school-aged students was 2.2% in Nantong city. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia were not correlated with the development of scoliosis (all, p≥0.05). Lower body mass index (BMI) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.95; p<0.001], living in rural areas (aOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.05-1.86; p = 0.020), and older age (aOR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.25-1.38; p<0.001) had significantly higher risks of scoliosis. CONCLUSIONS Refractive errors did not correlate with the development of scoliosis. However, BMI, living in rural areas and older age did correlate with the development of scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - ZhiMin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zhou Y, Zhang XF, Chen XJ, Wang M, Cai JR, Xiong YJ, Song Y, Sun ZM. Prevalence of anisometropia and influencing factors among school-age children in Nantong, China: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190285. [PMID: 37397717 PMCID: PMC10307961 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence of anisometropia and associated parameters among school-aged children in Nantong, China. Methods This school-based, cross-sectional study examined students from primary schools, junior high schools, and senior high schools in an urban area of Nantong, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the specific correlations between anisometropia and related parameters. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction was assessed for each student. Anisometropia was defined as the spherical equivalent refraction (SE) difference ≥ 1.0 D between eyes. Results A total of 9,501 participants were validated for analyses, of which 53.2% (n = 5,054) were male, and 46.8% (n = 4,447) were female. The mean of age was 13.32 ± 3.49 years, ranging from 7-19 years. The overall prevalence of anisometropia was 25.6%. Factors such as myopia, scoliosis screening positive, hyperopia, female sex, older age, and higher weight had a significantly higher risk of anisometropia (p < 0.05). Conclusion There was a high prevalence of anisometropia in school-age children. Some physical examination parameters are closely related to children's anisometropia, especially myopia and scoliosis. Preventing myopia and controlling its progression may be the most important ways to reduce the prevalence of anisometropia. Correcting scoliosis may be an important factor in controlling the prevalence of anisometropia, and maintaining good reading and writing posture may be helpful in controlling the prevalence of anisometropia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Fang Zhang
- Department of Nantong Fifth People’s Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Juan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Ru Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Jia Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Min Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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The role of school medicine in the early detection and management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2022:10.1007/s00508-022-02092-1. [PMID: 36194305 PMCID: PMC9531638 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-022-02092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the trends in scoliosis screenings over 10 years (2010 vs. 2020). To assess the management of schoolchildren with a preliminary diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by school medicine specialists. Methods Historical data were used for the year 2009/2010, and a cross-sectional study was conducted during the school year 2019/2020 on 18,216 pupils of 5th, 6th, and 8th elementary school grades. A forward bend test was used to detect clinical features of scoliosis and some positive findings were referred to orthopedists or physiatrists for further evaluation. Results In the analyzed 10-year period abnormal forward bend test findings increased from 4.9 to 5.8% (by 18.4%; P < 0.001). While its prevalence escalated markedly in girls (from 5.8 to 8.3%; P < 0.001), a modest but significant decrease, from 3.8 to 3.2% (P = 0.018), was noted in boys. Most pupils had low to moderate curves, and its prevalence was some 6.5 times higher in girls (P < 0.001). The forward bend test positive predictive value was 84.7%. Discrete forward bend test aberrations were managed by school medicine specialists only. Conclusion While actively promoting scoliosis screening in children, we have shown that forward bend test is an acceptable tool for early adolescent idiopathic scoliosis detection in school medicine. In collaboration with other specialists and using additional diagnostic methods, school medicine specialists can ensure early detection and appropriate interventions, avoiding the potential harms of radiation exposure.
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Scaturro D, Balbo A, Vitagliani F, Stramazzo L, Camarda L, Letizia Mauro G. Is There a Relationship between Idiopathic Scoliosis and Body Mass? A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194011. [PMID: 36235665 PMCID: PMC9572444 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis remains unknown, although genetic or hereditary factors, neurological disorders, hormonal and metabolic dysfunctions, biomechanical factors, and environmental factors seem to be involved. Several studies have found that patients with scoliosis have common characteristics of taller stature, lower body mass index (BMI), and low systemic bone mass. We conducted a scoping review to analyze the association between idiopathic scoliosis and BMI. The search for articles was performed on PubMed and Cochrane, including the English language, full-text and free-full-text articles published from 31 December 2011 to 31 December 2021. Most of the results analyzed are in favor of a relationship between low BMI and scoliosis. Having a low BMI could be associated with the presence of scoliosis, although the reason for which is still doubtful. However, further large-scale epidemiological studies on different ethnicities and a comparison of BMI with the healthy population will be needed to better define the correlation between BMI and scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Scaturro
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Agnese Balbo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Vitagliani
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95100 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3920677899
| | - Leonardo Stramazzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lawrence Camarda
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Letizia Mauro
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Zou Y, Lin Y, Meng J, Li J, Gu F, Zhang R. The Prevalence of Scoliosis Screening Positive and Its Influencing Factors: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:773594. [PMID: 35923961 PMCID: PMC9339673 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.773594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Early detection of scoliosis is of great significance to patients with scoliosis and the whole society. This paper aims to learn the prevalence of scoliosis screening positive among students in primary and secondary schools and to explore the influencing factors. Methods In 2019, a stratified cluster sampling technique was employed in this school-based cross-sectional study. The sampling covers all prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province. Based on the whole class, at least 80 students in each grade of primary school, junior high school, and senior high school were selected. Physical examination and scoliosis screening were performed in the school-based investigation. The distribution of demographic characteristics and nutritional status of children and adolescents with scoliosis screening positive were explored. Results A total of 45,547 students were screened. The overall prevalence of children and adolescents with scoliosis screening positive were 3.9%. Higher prevalence of scoliosis screening positive was found in students living in urban area (4.1%), women students (4.1%), students with low weight (5.3%) (p < 0.05), and the prevalence increased with age (p < 0.05). In logistic analysis, we found age (OR = 1.145; 95% Cis: 1.128, 1.162), gender (OR = 1.118; 95% Cis: 1.016, 1.230) and low weight (OR = 1.48; 95% Cis: 1.25, 1.751) were the influencing factors for prevalence of scoliosis screening positive (p < 0.05). Conclusions There were no disparities between living areas, but there was a significant difference between genders, among different ages, and among different nutritional statuses of children and adolescents with or without scoliosis screening positive. In multi-analysis, age, gender, and low weight were the influencing factors for the prevalence of scoliosis screening positive. Age and gender-specific scoliosis screening strategies and nutritional public health policies for children and adolescents are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zou
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Lin
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang
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Ionițe C, Rotariu M, Osean V, Mitran C, Condurache I. Scoliosis incidence and treatment methods. BALNEO AND PRM RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2022.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scoliosis is defined as a three-dimensional deformity of the spine that is of particular interest to the lateral curvature of the spine. Various types of treatment approaches have been recommended for patients with scoliosis. The aim of this study was to provide an up-to-date review of scoliosis, focusing on issues such as its incidence and treatment methods. The ISI-Thomson Web Of Science International Virtual Library was accessed for this review. The search criteria selected were 'title', 'abstract' and 'keywords'. In the ISI Thomson Web of Science virtual library platforms, the keywords in the articles search were "scoliosis incidence" and "scoliosis treatment". Over the years, different therapeutic strategies have been addressed for patients with scoliosis, they differ depending on the type of scoliosis, the patient's age and the available therapeutic means.
Keywords: Scoliosis, Incidence, Physical Treatment;
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Ionițe
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iași, Ro-mania
| | - Mariana Rotariu
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iași, Ro-mania
| | | | | | - Iustina Condurache
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iași, Ro-mania
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Chen H, Yang KG, Zhang J, Cheuk KY, Nepotchatykh E, Wang Y, Hung ALH, Lam TP, Moreau A, Lee WYW. Upregulation of microRNA-96-5p is associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and low bone mass phenotype. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9705. [PMID: 35690607 PMCID: PMC9188568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone densitometry revealed low bone mass in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its prognostic potential to predict curve progression. Recent studies showed differential circulating miRNAs in AIS but their diagnostic potential and links to low bone mass have not been well-documented. The present study aimed to compare miRNA profiles in bone tissues collected from AIS and non-scoliotic subjects, and to explore if the selected miRNA candidates could be useful diagnostic biomarkers for AIS. Microarray analysis identified miR-96-5p being the most upregulated among the candidates. miR-96-5p level was measured in plasma samples from 100 AIS and 52 healthy girls. Our results showed significantly higher plasma levels of miR-96-5p in AIS girls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.671 for diagnostic accuracy. A model that was composed of plasma miR-96-5p and patient-specific parameters (age, body weight and years since menarche) gave rise to an improved AUC of 0.752. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated functional links between bone metabolic pathways and miR-96-5p. In conclusion, differentially expressed miRNAs in AIS bone and plasma samples represented a new source of disease biomarkers and players in AIS etiopathogenesis, which required further validation study involving AIS patients of both genders with long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiong Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth Guangpu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Yee Cheuk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Evguenia Nepotchatykh
- Viscogliosi Laboratory in Molecular Genetics of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yujia Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alec Lik-Hang Hung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz-Ping Lam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alain Moreau
- Viscogliosi Laboratory in Molecular Genetics of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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