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Cheng J, Zhou DD, Xiong RG, Wu SX, Huang SY, Saimaiti A, Xu XY, Tang GY, Li HB, Li S. Effects of Fermentation with Kombucha Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeasts on Antioxidant Activities, Bioactive Compounds and Sensory Indicators of Rhodiola rosea and Salvia miltiorrhiza Beverages. Molecules 2024; 29:3809. [PMID: 39202889 PMCID: PMC11357408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Kombucha is a well-known fermented beverage traditionally made from black tea infusion. Recent studies have focused on finding alternative materials to create novel kombucha beverages with various health benefits. In this study, we prepared and evaluated two novel kombucha beverages using Rhodiola rosea and Salvia miltiorrhiza as materials. The effects of fermentation with the residue of these plants on the kombucha were also investigated. The antioxidant activities, total phenolic contents, and concentrations of the bioactive compounds of the kombucha beverages were determined by the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity test, ferric-reducing antioxidant power test, Folin-Ciocalteu method, and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The results revealed that the kombucha beverages made with Rhodiola rosea and Salvia miltiorrhiza had strong antioxidant capacities and abundant phenolic contents. Additionally, the kombucha fermented with Rhodiola rosea residue had higher FRAP, TEAC and TPC values than that fermented without residue. On the other hand, the Salvia miltiorrhiza kombucha fermented with residue had similar FRAP and TEAC values but lower TPC values compared to that fermented without residue. The correlation analysis showed that gallic acid, salidroside, and tyrosol were responsible for the antioxidant abilities and total phenolic contents of the Rhodiola rosea kombucha, and salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid B contributed to the antioxidant abilities of the Salvia miltiorrhiza kombucha. Furthermore, the kombucha fermented with Rhodiola rosea residue had the highest sensory scores among the kombucha beverages studied. These findings suggest that Rhodiola rosea and Salvia miltiorrhiza are suitable for making novel kombucha beverages with strong antioxidant abilities and abundant phenolic contents, which can be used in preventing and managing oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Gu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Si-Xia Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Adila Saimaiti
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zhou W, Sun CJ, Fan RY, Xu Z, Su SL, Shang EX, Zhang W, Duan JA. Comparative pharmacokinetic study on phenolic acids and flavonoids in normal and microcirculation dysfunction rats plasma by UPLC-TQ/MS/MS after oral administration of Salvia miltiorrhiza stem-leaf extracts. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30910. [PMID: 38778933 PMCID: PMC11108815 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the Standard of Chinese Medicinal Materials of Shaanxi Province (2015 edition), Salvia miltiorrhiza caulis et folium is the dried stems and leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which could activate blood and dispell blood stasis, clear the mind and remove annoyance. In this study, the dynamic absorption changes of phenolic acids (FS) and phenolic acids-flavonoids (FT) in rats after oral administration were studied by UPLC-TQ/MS/MS, to elucidate the pharmacokinetics of seven major bioactive components of the stem-leaf of Salvia miltiorrhiza in vivo. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters of FS and FT were significantly different in normal rats and model rats. Compared with the control group, after injecting 10 % polymer dextran 500 into the tail vein to establish a model of microcirculation disturbance, the Cmax of caffeic acid decreased. The Cmax of rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid increased. Danshensu showed a decrease in CLz/F, accompanied by an increase in both AUC0-t and AUC0-∞. The AUC0-t of lithospermic acid was also increased. These results indicated that microcirculation disturbance could decrease the absorption of caffeic acid while increasing the absorption of danshensu, rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid. After oral administration of FT, the Cmax of danshensu and the AUC0-t of caffeic acid were increased significantly, suggesting that the presence of flavonoids may promote the absorption and exposure of phenolic acids in vivo. This study provides a reference for the elucidation of the in vivo substances and the mechanisms of action of FS and FT from the stem-leaf of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-jing Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruo-ying Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuo Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-lan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Lei W, Chen CY, Zhou FJ, Ma YL, Li YH, Zhang H. Tanshinol alleviates ischemia-induced myocardial fibrosis via targeting ERK2 and disturbing the intermolecular autophosphorylation of ERK2 Thr188. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115729. [PMID: 37862964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is the fundamental remodeling process in myocardial ischemia (MI) and also the major contributor of heart failure and death. Tanshinol (Danshensu in Chinese, DSS), a major ingredient of salvia mitiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae) root, exerted significant cardio protection effects. In this study, we aimed to identify the action target and then uncover the mechanism of DSS alleviating myocardial fibrosis. The pharmacological activities of DSS protecting ischemic cardiac was assessed and the myocardial proteomics was carried out. To identify the target of DSS, a cellular thermal shift assay combined with LC-MS identification was conducted. Surface plasmon resonance assay, molecular dynamics simulation and pharmacological and molecular biology approaches were adopted to explore the action mechanisms of DSS. Our results revealed that DSS effectively alleviated MI-induced left ventricle dysfunctions and the increasements of circulating myocardial markers. Besides, DSS significantly reversed the proteomic profile related to myocardial fibrotic processes and the ERK2 was identified as a crucial cellular target of DSS. DSS abated the temperature-dependent denaturation of ERK2 in a dose-dependent manner and the KD value of DSS and ERK2 was 60.19 μM. After Ang II stimulation, DSS suppressed the phosphorylation of Thr188 rather than the classic residues in TEY motif. DSS interfered the ERK2 homo-dimerization and then blocked the intermolecular autophosphorylation at Thr188 site. Thereout, DSS inhibited the nuclear translocation of ERK2 and the expression of downstream fibrotic biomolecules. Collectively, our results demonstrated that DSS targeted ERK2 and suppressed the intermolecular autophosphorylation at Thr188 residue, thus protecting ischemic myocardia from fibrosis remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chun-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Feng-Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yao-Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District,Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Hu S, Chen Y, Huang S, Liu M, Liu Y, Huang S. Sodium Danshensu protects against oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced astrocytes injury through regulating NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and tuberous sclerosis complex-2 (TSC2)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1097. [PMID: 36388798 PMCID: PMC9652549 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemic stroke is a serious condition with high incidence, mortality, and associated disability. Currently, effective therapeutic options are available for ischemic stroke are limited. Accumulating evidence indicates that sodium Danshensu, mono sodium compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, plays protective roles in ischemic stroke. However, the underlying protective mechanism of sodium Danshensu in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unknown. METHODS In the current study, we explored the role and mechanism of sodium Danshensu on astrocytes exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), which mimics the process of ischemia-reperfusion. The impact of sodium Danshensu on cell viability and apoptosis after OGD/R were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dophenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression of target messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteins associated with apoptosis and autophagy. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was determined, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS It was found that sodium Danshensu could significantly increase cell viability and decrease LDH release and apoptosis. Besides, it inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Sodium Danshensu also dose-dependently decreased protein and mRNA levels of nucleotide binding oligomerization NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which play a crucial role in promoting ischemic stroke-induced cell injury. Moreover, sodium Danshensu dose-dependently upregulated Beclin 1 expression, downregulated P62 protein expression, and further increased LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio through inducing autophagy in astrocytes. Additionally, we noticed that sodium Danshensu dose-dependently increased tuberous sclerosis complex-2 (TSC2) protein expression, while significantly reduced the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the presence of OGD/R insult. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that sodium Danshensu protects against OGD/R-induced injury by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and TSC2/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhao Hu
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingli Chen
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Shipeng Huang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaofang Huang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Bai Y, Jia P, Zhao Y, Yang L, Wang X, Wang X, Wang J, Zhong N, Deng H, Du L, Fang J, Xue Y, Chen Y, Gao S, Feng Y, Yan Y, Xiong T, Liu J, Sun Y, Xie J, He X, An X, Liu P, Xu J, Qin F, Meng X, Yin Q, Yang Q, Gao R, Gao X, Luo K, Li Q, Wang X, Liang J, Yang P, Zhang Y, Liao S, Wang S, Zhao X, Xiao C, Yu J, Liu Q, Wang R, Peng N, Wang X, Guo J, Li X, Liu H, Bai Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Nan Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Lei J, Alberts E, de Man A, Kim HK, Hsu SJ, Jia YS, Riener J, Zheng J, Zhang W, Zheng X, Cai Y, Wang M, Fan TP, Zheng X. Discovery and therapeutic implications of bioactive dihydroxylated phenolic acids in patients with severe heart disease and conditions associated with inflammation and hypoxia. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106458. [PMID: 36152740 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our initial studies detected elevated levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid (DHPLA) in urine samples of patients with severe heart disease when compared with healthy subjects. Given the reported anti-inflammatory properties of DHPLA and related dihydroxylated phenolic acids (DPAs), we embarked on an exploratory multi-centre investigation in patients with no urinary tract infections to establish the possible pathophysiological significance and therapeutic implications of these findings. Chinese and Caucasian patients being treated for severe heart disease or those conditions associated with inflammation (WBC ≥ 10×109/L or hsCRP ≥ 3.0mg/L) and/or hypoxia (PaO2 ≤ 75mmHg) were enrolled; their urine samples were analyzed by HPLC, HPLC-MS, GC-MS and biotransformation assays. DHPLA was detected in urine samples of patients, but undetectable in healthy volunteers. Dynamic monitoring of inpatients undergoing treatment showed their DHPLA levels declined in proportion to their clinical improvement. In DHPLA-positive patients' fecal samples, Proteus vulgaris and P. mirabilis were more abundant than healthy volunteers. In culture, these gut bacteria were capable of reversible interconversion between DOPA and DHPLA. Furthermore, porcine and rodent organs were able to metabolize DOPA to DHPLA and related phenolic acids. The elevated levels of DHPLA in these patients suggest bioactive DPAs are generated de novo as part of a human's defense mechanism against disease. Because DHPLA isolated from Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae has a multitude of pharmacological activities, these data underpin the scientific basis of this medicinal plant's ethnopharmacological applications as well as highlighting the therapeutic potential of endogenous, natural or synthetic DPAs and their derivatives in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Bai
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Pu Jia
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | | | | | - Xue Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ni'er Zhong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huaxiang Deng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Linxiang Du
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | | | - Yanbo Xue
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | | | - Shuomo Gao
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yi Yan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianzheng Xiong
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinbin Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xirui He
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xuexia An
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jinjin Xu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | | | - Xue Meng
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qian Yin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University, Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiuxiang Yang
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University, Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | | | - Kai Luo
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qiannan Li
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Puye Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an North Hospital, Xi'an 710043, China
| | | | - Sha Liao
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jie Yu
- Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qinshe Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Rui Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ning Peng
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Haijing Liu
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Information and Control Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Zijian Li
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University, Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University, Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yefei Nan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China; Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qunzheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Xunli Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Jin'e Lei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Erna Alberts
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Research VUmc Intensive Care (REVIVE), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angélique de Man
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Research VUmc Intensive Care (REVIVE), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hye Kyong Kim
- Plant Science and Natural Products, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Su-Jung Hsu
- Plant Science and Natural Products, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yu Sheng Jia
- Leiden University-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joerg Riener
- Agilent Technologies, Hewlett-Packard-Strasse 8, 76337 Waldbronn, Germany
| | | | - Wanbin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaopu Zheng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Leiden University-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, the Netherlands; Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK; Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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6
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Xue Z, Li Y, Zhou M, Liu Z, Fan G, Wang X, Zhu Y, Yang J. Traditional Herbal Medicine Discovery for the Treatment and Prevention of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:720873. [PMID: 34899290 PMCID: PMC8660120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.720873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that may subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Although there are currently both non-pharmacological (lung transplantation, etc.) and pharmacological (Sildenafil, Bosentan, and new oral drugs on trial) therapies available, PAH remains a serious and fatal pulmonary disease. As a unique medical treatment, traditional herbal medicine (THM) treatment has gradually exerted its advantages in treating PAH worldwide through a multi-level and multi-target approach. Additionally, the potential mechanisms of THM were deciphered, including suppression of proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, controlling the processes of inflammation and oxidative stress, and regulating vasoconstriction and ion channels. In this review, the effects and mechanisms of the frequently studied compound THM, single herbal preparations, and multiple active components from THM are comprehensively summarized, as well as their related mechanisms on several classical preclinical PAH models. It is worth mentioning that sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate sodium and tetramethylpyrazine are under clinical trials and are considered the most promoting medicines for PAH treatment. Last, reverse pharmacology, a strategy to discover THM or THM-derived components, has also been proposed here for PAH. This review discusses the current state of THM, their working mechanisms against PAH, and prospects of reverse pharmacology, which are expected to facilitate the natural anti-PAH medicine discovery and development and its bench-to-bedside transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Du X, Tao Q, Du H, Zhao Z, Dong Y, He S, Shao R, Wang Y, Han W, Wang X, Zhu Y. Tengdan Capsule Prevents Hypertensive Kidney Damage in SHR by Inhibiting Periostin-Mediated Renal Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:638298. [PMID: 34084130 PMCID: PMC8167194 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.638298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertension-induced renal damage is a serious and complex condition that has not been effectively treated by conventional blood pressure-lowering drugs. Tengdan capsule (TDC) is a China FDA-approved compound herbal medicine for treating hypertension; however, its chemical basis and pharmacological efficacy have not been fully investigated in a preclinical setting. METHODS: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the major chemical components of TDC extracted from ultrapure water. Adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age/sex-matched Wistar Kyoto normotensive rats (WKY) were both treated with TDC, losartan, or saline for one month, and their blood pressure (BP) was monitored at the same time by tail-cuff BP system. Biochemical indexes such as urine creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Kidney tissue sections were examined with (H&E), and Masson staining to evaluate the pathological effect of TDC on SHR’s kidneys. After TDC treatment, the differentially expressed proteins in the kidneys of SHR were identified by the TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis, which may provide the targets and possible mechanisms of TDC action. In addition, Western blot analysis, RT-qPCR, and ELISA assays were carried out to further verify the proteomics findings. Finally, two different models involving in vitro renal injuries were established using human kidney HEK293 cells; and the molecular mechanism of TDC kidney protection was demonstrated. RESULTS: Seven chemical compounds, namely Notoginsenoside R1, Ginsenoside RG1, Ginsenoside Re, Ginsenoside Rb1, Sodium Danshensu, Protocatechualdehyde, and Salvianolic acid B, were identified and quantified from the water-soluble extracts of TDC by HPLC. In vivo study using rats showed that TDC effectively reduced BP, BUN, and CRE levels and attenuated renal fibrosis in SHR, and ameliorated damage to the kidneys. Proteomics and subsequent bioinformatics analyses indicated that periostin-mediated inflammatory response and TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway proteins were closely related to the therapeutic effect of TDC in rat kidneys. Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR showed that TDC markedly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of periostin in renal tissues compared to the untreated SHR. In addition, TGF-β and COL1A1 mRNA levels also decreased in SHR renal tissues following TDC treatment. In vitro studies showed that low to medium doses of TDC down-regulated the expression of periostin in the injury model of HEK293 cell. In addition, medium to high doses of TDC significantly inhibited collagen deposition in TGFβ1-induced HEK293 cell fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Major components from the compound herbal medicine Tengdan Capsule are identified and quantified. TDC effectively lowers blood pressure and protects against renal damage caused by hypertension in SHR. Mechanistically, TDC blocks periostin by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in the kidney, both in vivo and in vitro. Preventing periostin-mediated renal fibrosis and inflammation might be a promising strategy for treating a hypertensive renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Du
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianqian Tao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenbang Zhao
- Department of pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang He
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yule Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenrun Han
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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