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Ali MI, Abd El Wahab WM, Hamdy DA, Hassan A. Toxoplasma gondii in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: seroprevalence and interferon gamma level. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:464-471. [PMID: 31406412 PMCID: PMC6667530 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite causing life-threatening diseases in immune-compromised patients. The purpose of the study is to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in chemotherapy receiving cancer patients in relation to different types of malignancies, and to estimate the level of interferon gamma in Toxoplasma seropositive and seronegative cancer patients and healthy controls. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies, and interferon gamma were analyzed in 120 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (60 having hematological malignancies and 60 with solid organ tumors) and 60 healthy controls using ELISA method. Toxoplasma (IgG and IgM) were determined in (66.7% and 9.2%) of the cancer group compared to (33.3% and 6.7%) of the control group with statistical significance only in IgG seropositivity (p < 0.001, OR = 4). Patients with hematological malignancies had higher IgG seropositivity than solid organ tumors (40% vs 26.7%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.002, OR = 3.5). Median level of interferon gamma was in the same range between cancer patients and control group. However, it was highly elevated in Toxoplasma seropositive (76 pg/ml) than seronegative (44.5 pg/ml) cases with statistical significance (p < 0.001). T. gondii infection remains a major threat to cancer patients and still needs proper screening, diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ibrahim Ali
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Doaa Ahmed Hamdy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Wang ZD, Liu HH, Ma ZX, Ma HY, Li ZY, Yang ZB, Zhu XQ, Xu B, Wei F, Liu Q. Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:389. [PMID: 28337191 PMCID: PMC5343064 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii has been suggested as an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. We conducted a global meta-analysis to assess the prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) of T. gondii infection in immunocompromised individuals. Electronic databases were reviewed for T. gondii infection in HIV/AIDS patients, cancer patients, and transplant recipients, and meta-analyses were conducted to calculate overall estimated prevalence and ORs using random or fixed-effects models. Totally, 72 eligible studies were included. The estimated pooled prevalence of T. gondii infection in immunocompromised patients and the control was 35.9 and 24.7% (p < 0.001), with an OR of 2.24, i.e., 42.1 and 32.0% for HIV/AIDS patients and the control (p < 0.05), 26.0 and 12.1% for cancer patients and the control (p < 0.001), and 42.1 and 34.5% for transplant recipients and the control (p > 0.05), whose estimated pooled ORs were 1.92 (95% CI, 1.44-2.55), 2.89 (95% CI, 2.36-3.55), and 1.51 (95% CI, 1.16-1.95), respectively. This study is the first to demonstrate that the immunocompromised patients are associated with higher odds of T. gondii infection, and appropriate prevention and control measures are highly recommended for these susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Dong Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun, China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical SciencesChangchun, China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun, China
| | - Zhan-Xi Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inner Mongolia General Forestry Hospital Yakeshi, China
| | - Hong-Yu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Yang
- Medical Library of the Chinese people's Liberation Army Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Center for Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases of Banan District in Chongqing Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University Changchun, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical SciencesChangchun, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of EducationChangchun, China
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma: a review of the literature published from April 2010–July 2010. J Hematop 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-010-0069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Kojima M, Nakamura N, Sakamoto K, Sakurai S, Tsukamoto N, Itoh H, Ikota H, Enomoto Y, Shimizu K, Motoori T, Hoshi K, Igarashi T, Masawa N, Nakamine H. Progressive transformation of the germinal center of extranodal organs: a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and genotypic study of 14 cases. Pathol Res Pract 2010; 206:235-40. [PMID: 20092960 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Progressive transformation of germinal center (PTGC) usually affects the peripheral lymph nodes. Little is known about the extranodal PTGC. To clarify the clinicopathological and molecular findings of extranodal PTGC, we studied 14 such cases. Using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections, we carried out histological and immunohistochemical examinations, as well as in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eleven patients were female, and three were male. They were between 44 and 77 years old, with a mean age of 62 years. The large intestine (n=7) was the most frequently involved tissue, followed by skin (n=2) and subcutaneous soft tissue (n=2). Oral cavity, Waldeyer ring, and orbit were affected in one case each. Histologically, 13 cases contained both early stage PTGC and late stage PTGC. The remaining 14th case contained only late stage PTGC. Expansion of the marginal zone was identified in three cases. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the reactive nature of the B-cells in all 14 lesions. However, PCR study revealed immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement in one of our 14 cases. There was no development of B-cell lymphoma in one lesion with IgH rearrangement. ISH study demonstrated Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA+ cells in three lesions. Compared with PTGC of the peripheral lymph node, PTGC of extranodal sites was characterized by a female predominance, an older age group, and the presence of numerous PTGC at the affected sites. However, the histological findings of extranodal PTG were similar to those of lymph node PTGC. The clinicopathological findings of the extranodal PTGCs appeared to be different from those of lymph node PTGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kojima
- Department of Anatomic and Diagnostic Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
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