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Kazmi I, Afzal M, Almalki WH, S RJ, Alzarea SI, Kumar A, Sinha A, Kukreti N, Ali H, Abida. From oncogenes to tumor suppressors: The dual role of ncRNAs in fibrosarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155329. [PMID: 38692083 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosarcoma is a challenging cancer originating from fibrous tissues, marked by aggressive growth and limited treatment options. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), has opened new pathways for understanding and treating this malignancy. These ncRNAs play crucial roles in gene regulation, cellular processes, and the tumor microenvironment. This review aims to explore the impact of ncRNAs on fibrosarcoma's pathogenesis, progression, and resistance to treatment, focusing on their mechanistic roles and therapeutic potential. A comprehensive review of literature from databases like PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted, focusing on the dysregulation of ncRNAs in fibrosarcoma, their contribution to tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and their cellular pathway interactions. NcRNAs significantly influence fibrosarcoma, affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis. Their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors makes them promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Understanding their interaction with the tumor microenvironment is essential for developing more effective treatments for fibrosarcoma. Targeting ncRNAs emerges as a promising strategy for fibrosarcoma therapy, offering hope to overcome the shortcomings of existing treatments. Further investigation is needed to clarify specific ncRNAs' roles in fibrosarcoma and to develop ncRNA-based therapies, highlighting the significance of ncRNAs in improving patient outcomes in this challenging cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Aashna Sinha
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
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Cerda T, Martin É, Truc G, Créhange G, Maingon P. Safety and efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the management of spermatic cord sarcoma. Cancer Radiother 2016; 21:16-20. [PMID: 28041814 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2016.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spermatic cord sarcoma is a rare disease, which management remains controversial due to the lack of guidelines. The standard therapeutic approach is surgical: wide soft-tissue resection with radical inguinal orchidectomy, The diagnosis is made during the analysis of the specimen. The high rate of local recurrence indicates adjuvant radiotherapy of the tumor bed. The aim of this series is to determine the efficacy and safety of postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy for spermatic cord sarcomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our series included five consecutive cases of spermatic cord sarcoma treated between 2011 and 2014. The indications for radiotherapy were: R1 status after initial surgery, R1 status after wide en bloc resection and orchiectomy, high French federation of cancer centers (FNCLCC) grade, tumor size over 5cm, tumor resection during surgery. RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 66years (range 46-84years). Median follow-up was 18months (range 6-28months). Four patients had repeat surgery after incomplete removal. All surgeries were orchidectomy with primary ligation of testicular vessels. One patient did not have an in sano margin after the second surgical procedure. The median tumor size was 60mm (range 30-150mm). No recurrence was observed during the follow-up. CONCLUSION No grade 4 toxicities were reported and the most frequent acute toxicity was dermatitis. No recurrence was reported after adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy. The treatment is feasible and well tolerated and seems to provide encouraging results regarding locoregional control of the disease. Dynamic or rotational intensity-modulated radiotherapy is now recommended to decrease acute toxicities while improving the efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Cerda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France.
| | - É Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - G Truc
- Department of Radiation Oncology, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - G Créhange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; Medical Imaging group, laboratoire électronique, informatique et image (Le2I) UMR 6306, CNRS, allée Alain-Savary, 21000 Dijon, France; Le2I UMR 6306, Arts et Métiers, allée Alain-Savary, 21000 Dijon, France; Le2I UMR 6306, UFR Sciences et Techniques, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, allée Alain-Savary, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - P Maingon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
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Radaelli S, Desai A, Hodson J, Colombo C, Roberts K, Gourevitch D, Gronchi A. Prognostic factors and outcome of spermatic cord sarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21:3557-63. [PMID: 24802908 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate management and outcome in a large series of patients with spermatic cord sarcomas (SCS), a rare malignancy. METHODS Eighty-two patients with localized SCS treated at two dedicated sarcoma units between 1992 and 2013 were included. Disease-specific survival (DSS) and crude cumulative incidence of local recurrence and distant metastases (DM) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier plots and log rank tests. RESULTS Median follow-up was 33 months (interquartile range 13-72 months). Sixty-one patients presented with primary disease. Liposarcoma was the most common histotype, but surprisingly, 37 % of tumors were of high grade. Seventeen patients (21 %) received radiotherapy and 12 patients (15 %) chemotherapy. Five-year DSS for the whole series was 92 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 83-97]. Five-year rates of local recurrence and DM were 26 % (95 % CI 15-42) and 24 % (95 % CI 15-38), respectively. Tumor grade was found to be a significant predictor of both DSS and DM (both p < 0.001). Quality of surgical margins was proved to affect the local outcome (p = 0.025), while the rates of distant metastases were found to differ significantly by histology (p = 0.010). Exclusively in the liposarcoma subgroup, quality of surgical margins was also directly associated with DSS (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Wide excision of the tumor is critical for cure, especially in the liposarcoma subgroup. The role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Radaelli
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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