Myxoma of Oral Soft Tissue

Peripheral odontogenic myxoma located on the maxillary gingiva: report of a case and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Odontogenic myxoma is a rare, benign neoplasm and is often located in the maxillofacial region centrally most common in the mandible. Soft tissue localization that can be classified as a peripheral myxoma is rarely seen than the central localization. Peripheral myxoma is slowly growing and less aggressive compared to the central myxoma and has a low recurrence rate.

CASE REPORT

In this presentation, the patient with a peripheral odontogenic myxoma of the posterior maxillary gingiva was presented with histological findings following surgery, and the clinical differences and characteristics of the various types of myxomas were discussed by a review of the literature.

Myxomas of the head and neck

PURPOSE

Myxomas are rare, locally infiltrative, benign, connective tissue tumors that are found in bone and somatic soft tissues. This article reports our experience with head and neck myxomas and provides a comprehensive literature review.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective record review of head and neck myxoma cases seen at 2 tertiary referral centers in Houston, Texas, from 1970 to 1994. Comprehensive literature review and compilation of all myxomas reported in the head and neck.

RESULTS

We identified 7 cases of true head and neck myxoma treated in our centers and identified 169 cases reported in the literature. Most often, myxomas originated in bone (mandible or maxilla) and were most commonly found in adults. All tumors except 1 were treated surgically. Recurrence rates were 6% for local or wide excision and 28% for more conservative surgery such as enucleation or curretage.

CONCLUSIONS

Myxomas of the head and neck should be treated with complete excision of the tumor with clear margins.

Mucocutaneous pigmented spots and oral myxomas: the oral manifestations of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity

The complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity is a recently recognized syndrome, transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. The most serious component of the disorder is cardiac myxoma, which has caused the death of one fourth of the affected patients and serious disability in an equal number. It is, therefore, important to recognize patients at risk from the syndrome and, in particular, to test them for cardiac myxoma. Fortunately, in many patients the myxoma complex has a clearly visible marker: mucocutaneous pigmentation. Among 58 patients with the syndrome, spotty facial pigmentation was present in 36 (62%), and 29 (50%) of these also had pigmented spots on their lips. This type and distribution of pigmentation should be a clue to the possible presence of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity, and patients thus affected should be referred for further investigation. Oral cavity myxoma(s) occurred in four patients with the syndrome.

The soft tissue myxoma of the head and neck region--report of a case and literature review

A case of soft tissue myxoma in scalp is reported in a patient with a history of congenital cleft lip and palate. Review of the literature shows head and neck soft tissue myxoma occurs almost in every decade of life with peak occurrence in the fourth decade. Men are affected more than women. The most common location in the head and neck region is the palate, followed by the parotid area. The prognosis of this soft tissue tumor is good. Conservative surgical excision with adequate margins is the treatment of choice. Several theories concerning the pathogenesis of this tumor are discussed, with the theory that a basic error in tissue metabolism during initial growth is the most compatible to the elements of this case. Differential diagnosis regarding this type of lesion is also discussed.