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Alkheder A, Azar A, Salam R, Sukkar G, Alshwaikh H, Mustafa A. Bilateral Combined Laryngocele: Comprehensive Review of the Literature. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024:1455613241261455. [PMID: 38877649 DOI: 10.1177/01455613241261455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Laryngocele, an abnormal dilation of the appendix of the laryngeal ventricle filled with air, is a rare condition predominantly presenting unilaterally. However, bilateral occurrences are exceedingly rare. In this article, we present a case of bilateral laryngocele along with a comprehensive literature review. A 57-year-old male presented with dyspnea, stridor, and bilateral neck masses. His medical history included chronic cough and intermittent hoarseness. Over a 3 month period, the neck masses progressively enlarged, resulting in respiratory distress. Interestingly, he denied experiencing weight loss, decreased appetite, or fever. Clinical examination revealed sizable, soft masses on both sides of the neck, obstructing lymph node assessment. Computed tomography (CT) imaging confirmed the presence of a left combined laryngopyocele and a right combined laryngocele. Subsequently, the patient underwent tracheostomy. Benign biopsy results excluded malignancy. Surgical excision of bilateral laryngoceles resulted in an uneventful recovery. The term "laryngocele" was introduced by Virchow in 1867 to describe the abnormal dilation of the saccule associated with Morgagni's ventricle. Diagnosis involves a thorough patient history, physical examination, and radiological imaging, notably CT, to differentiate laryngoceles from other conditions. Typically asymptomatic, they are often incidentally discovered around age 50, although symptoms such as voice changes or breathing difficulties can manifest. A review of the literature identified 77 documented cases, primarily in males, exhibiting various symptoms and treatment modalities. This case underscores the rarity of bilateral combined laryngocele, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and surgical intervention for favorable outcomes. Comprehensive research reveals diverse clinical aspects, highlighting the necessity for continued investigation to enhance management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alkheder
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
- Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Adel Azar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Rahaf Salam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ghina Sukkar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Hisham Alshwaikh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ahmad Mustafa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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Malecha MJ, Miettinen M. Expression of keratin 13 in human epithelial neoplasms. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1991; 418:249-54. [PMID: 1706547 DOI: 10.1007/bf01606063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of the 52 kDa keratin 13 was evaluated immunohistochemically, using the AE8 monoclonal antibody. Various squamous and transitional cell epithelial lesions and representative control tissues were studied. This antibody performed adequately in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue, but like keratin immunohistochemistry in general, required protease pretreatment. Keratin 13 was found consistently in the suprabasal layers of squamous epithelia of oral cavity, tonsils, larynx, esophagus, lower female genital tract, and transitional urothelium, but it was absent in the epidermis. Generally, various forms of squamous metaplasia were AE8-positive. In dysplasia, AE8 reactivity was considerably decreased or even absent despite the presence of apparent suprabasal maturation. In differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, AE8 immunoreactivity was usually limited to a few cells in the center of the keratinized foci. However, in 10% of squamous cell carcinomas, a significant number of tumor cells was positive. Only well-differentiated urothelial carcinomas showed AE8 immunoreactivity, while poorly differentiated tumors were negative. Interestingly, a Brenner's tumor showed a high number of AE8-positive epithelial cells. Our results show that the expression of keratin 13, as immunohistochemically determined by AE8 antibody, is significantly down-regulated in squamous cell malignancies. Its possible value as an adjunct to diagnosis of dysplasia should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Malecha
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107-11998
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