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Cui M, Liu Y, Men X, Li T, Liu D, Deng Y. Large animal models in the study of gynecological diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1110551. [PMID: 36755972 PMCID: PMC9899856 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological diseases are a series of diseases caused by abnormalities in the female reproductive organs or breast, which endanger women's fertility and even their lives. Therefore, it is important to investigate the mechanism of occurrence and treatment of gynecological diseases. Animal models are the main objects for people to study the development of diseases and explore treatment options. Large animals, compared to small rodents, have reproductive organs with structural and physiological characteristics closer to those of humans, and are also better suited for long-term serial examinations for gynecological disease studies. This review gives examples of large animal models in gynecological diseases and provides a reference for the selection of animal models for gynecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Cui
- Gynecology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoping Men
- Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Da Liu, ; Yongzhi Deng,
| | - Yongzhi Deng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Da Liu, ; Yongzhi Deng,
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Colman K, Andrews RN, Atkins H, Boulineau T, Bradley A, Braendli-Baiocco A, Capobianco R, Caudell D, Cline M, Doi T, Ernst R, van Esch E, Everitt J, Fant P, Gruebbel MM, Mecklenburg L, Miller AD, Nikula KJ, Satake S, Schwartz J, Sharma A, Shimoi A, Sobry C, Taylor I, Vemireddi V, Vidal J, Wood C, Vahle JL. International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND): Non-proliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Non-human Primate ( M. fascicularis). J Toxicol Pathol 2021; 34:1S-182S. [PMID: 34712008 PMCID: PMC8544165 DOI: 10.1293/tox.34.1s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions Project (www.toxpath.org/inhand.asp) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP) and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature for proliferative and nonproliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature for classifying microscopic lesions observed in most tissues and organs from the nonhuman primate used in nonclinical safety studies. Some of the lesions are illustrated by color photomicrographs. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document is also available electronically on the internet (http://www.goreni.org/). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test materials. Relevant infectious and parasitic lesions are included as well. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature for lesions in laboratory animals will provide a common language among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Colman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA,
USA
| | - Rachel N. Andrews
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Radiation
Oncology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hannah Atkins
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Comparative
Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Alys Bradley
- Charles River Laboratories Edinburgh Ltd., Tranent,
Scotland, UK
| | - Annamaria Braendli-Baiocco
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Capobianco
- Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen
Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David Caudell
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine,
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Cline
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine,
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Takuya Doi
- LSIM Safety Institute Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of
Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andew D. Miller
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca,
NY, USA
| | | | - Shigeru Satake
- Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kagoshima and
Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Alok Sharma
- Covance Laboratories, Inc., Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles Wood
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT,
USA
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3
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Hayashi K, Nakayama M, Iwatani C, Tsuchiya H, Nakamura S, Nonoguchi K, Itoh Y, Tsuji S, Ishigaki H, Mori T, Murakami T, Ogasawara K. The Natural History of Spontaneously Occurred Endometriosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys by Monthly Follow-Up Laparoscopy for Two Years. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 251:241-253. [PMID: 32713879 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.251.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis, a disease in which endometrial tissue proliferates outside the uterus, is a progressive disease that affects women in reproductive age. It causes abdominal pain and infertility that severely affects the quality of life in young women. The mechanism of the onset and development of endometriosis has not been fully elucidated because of the complex mechanism involved in the disease. Nonhuman primates have been used to study the pathogenesis of spontaneous endometriosis because of their gynecological and anatomical similarities to humans. To reveal the natural history of endometriosis in cynomolgus monkeys, we selected 11 female cynomolgus monkeys with spontaneous endometriosis and performed monthly laparoscopies, mapping endometriotic lesions and adhesions up to two years. At the initial laparoscopy, endometriotic lesions were exclusively found in the vesicouterine pouch in 45.4% (5/11) of the monkeys and spread to the Douglas' pouch over time. Appearance of small de novo lesions and disappearance of some of the small lesions were observed in 100% (11/11) and 18.2% (2/11) of the monkeys, respectively. Endometriosis developed in all monkeys, and the speed of progression varied greatly among individuals that could be attributed to the degree or frequency of retrograde menstruation and genetic factors; these findings support the similarities between humans and monkeys, thus verifying the value of this nonhuman primate model. Finding reliable quantification markers and unravelling the underlying factors in correlation with the spatiotemporal development of the disease using a nonhuman primate model would be useful for the better management of endometriosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Misako Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Chizuru Iwatani
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Hideaki Tsuchiya
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | | | - Yasushi Itoh
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Shunichiro Tsuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | | | - Takahide Mori
- Academia for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Doujin Hospital
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science
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4
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Bimber BN, Yan MY, Peterson SM, Ferguson B. mGAP: the macaque genotype and phenotype resource, a framework for accessing and interpreting macaque variant data, and identifying new models of human disease. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:176. [PMID: 30841849 PMCID: PMC6402181 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-human primates (NHPs), particularly macaques, serve as critical and highly relevant pre-clinical models of human disease. The similarity in human and macaque natural disease susceptibility, along with parallel genetic risk alleles, underscores the value of macaques in the development of effective treatment strategies. Nonetheless, there are limited genomic resources available to support the exploration and discovery of macaque models of inherited disease. Notably, there are few public databases tailored to searching NHP sequence variants, and no other database making use of centralized variant calling, or providing genotype-level data and predicted pathogenic effects for each variant. Results The macaque Genotype And Phenotype (mGAP) resource is the first public website providing searchable, annotated macaque variant data. The mGAP resource includes a catalog of high confidence variants, derived from whole genome sequence (WGS). The current mGAP release at time of publication (1.7) contains 17,087,212 variants based on the sequence analysis of 293 rhesus macaques. A custom pipeline was developed to enable annotation of the macaque variants, leveraging human data sources that include regulatory elements (ENCODE, RegulomeDB), known disease- or phenotype-associated variants (GRASP), predicted impact (SIFT, PolyPhen2), and sequence conservation (Phylop, PhastCons). Currently mGAP includes 2767 variants that are identical to alleles listed in the human ClinVar database, of which 276 variants, spanning 258 genes, are identified as pathogenic. An additional 12,472 variants are predicted as high impact (SnpEff) and 13,129 are predicted as damaging (PolyPhen2). In total, these variants are predicted to be associated with more than 2000 human disease or phenotype entries reported in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man). Importantly, mGAP also provides genotype-level data for all subjects, allowing identification of specific individuals harboring alleles of interest. Conclusions The mGAP resource provides variant and genotype data from hundreds of rhesus macaques, processed in a consistent manner across all subjects (https://mgap.ohsu.edu). Together with the extensive variant annotations, mGAP presents unprecedented opportunity to investigate potential genetic associations with currently characterized disease models, and to uncover new macaque models based on parallels with human risk alleles. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5559-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Bimber
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.,Division of Pathobiology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Melissa Y Yan
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Samuel M Peterson
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Betsy Ferguson
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA. .,Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA. .,Molecular and Medical Genetics Department, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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5
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Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of a Case of Endometriosis in a Guinea Pig (Cavia tschudii). Case Rep Vet Med 2018; 2017:4594510. [PMID: 29955430 PMCID: PMC6005282 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4594510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease characterized by the ectopic proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. The pathogenesis of this disease is still obscure, and Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation is still the most widely accepted explanation. Endometriosis in animals has been so far described not only in baboons and a rhesus macaque but also in dogs and horses that are nonmenstruating animals. In this article, we report the histological and immunohistochemical characterization of the first case of ovarian cystic endometriosis and adenomyosis in a guinea pig. The case presented supports the hypothesis that endometriosis is a disease not at all related to the phenomenon of retrograde menstruation but is a consequence of some alterations in the morphogenesis of the female genital system and therefore it could be found in any mammal. We suggest considering endometriosis among the other pathological phenotypes in animals displaying ovarian and uterine alterations and having a history of difficulties in conceiving.
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6
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Scott KE, Frydman G, Fox JG, Bakthavatchalu V. Spontaneous Urinary Bladder Leiomyoma in a Rhesus Macaque ( Macaca mulatta). Comp Med 2018; 68:243-247. [PMID: 29857795 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-17-000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the case of a urinary bladder leiomyoma in a rhesus macaque. The animal was clinically normal and had a lipoma localized to the stifle. Endovesicular leiomyomas are the most common form of urinary bladder leiomyoma in humans. In contrast, this macaque's tumor exhibited extravesicular localization in the bladder. Urinary bladder leiomyomas account for less than 0.5% of all bladder tumors in humans, with only 250 cases reported in total.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Scott
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Galit Frydman
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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7
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Atkins HM, Caudell DL, Hutchison AR, LeGrande AC, Kock ND. Abdominal Wall Endometriosis in a Rhesus Macaque ( Macaca mulatta). Comp Med 2017; 67:277-280. [PMID: 28662757 PMCID: PMC5482520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is the presence of endometrium outside of the uterus. Although endometriosis occurs in both pelvic and extrapelvic locations, extrapelvic locations are less common. The development of abdominal wall or incisional endometriosis in women is associated with gynecologic surgeries and is often misdiagnosed. Because they naturally develop endometriosis similar to women, Old World NHP, including rhesus macaques, provide excellent opportunities for studying endometriosis. Here, we describe a case of abdominal wall endometriosis in a rhesus macaque that had undergone cesarean section. Microscopically, the tissue consisted of pseudocolumnar epithelium-lined glands within a decidualized stroma, which dissected through the abdominal wall musculature and into the adjacent subcutaneous tissue. The stroma was strongly positive for vimentin and CD10 but was rarely, weakly positive for estrogen receptors and negative for progesterone. Close examination of extrapelvic endometriosis in rhesus macaques and other NHP may promote increased understanding of endometriosis in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Atkins
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - David L Caudell
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - A Robert Hutchison
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Andre C LeGrande
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Nancy D Kock
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;,
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8
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Gruber-Dujardin E, Bleyer M, Mätz-Rensing K. Morphological and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous endometriosis in rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta). Primate Biol 2017; 4:77-91. [PMID: 32110695 PMCID: PMC7041517 DOI: 10.5194/pb-4-77-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cases of spontaneous endometriosis in middle-aged to old rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from the breeding colony of the German Primate Center were thoroughly characterized with regards to anatomical distribution and macroscopic appearance, histological differentiation and immunohistochemical profile including somatic markers, hormonal receptors, and proliferation indices. More than half of the examined animals (five of nine) were directly related to one breeding male, supporting a strong genetic predisposition. Histologically, four different types of endometriotic lesions, depending on the degree of ectopic endometrial gland and stromal differentiation (well differentiated, purely stromal, mixed differentiation, poorly differentiated), could be constantly identified within all animals. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of cytokeratin (CK), vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, estrogen (ER), and progesterone (PR) receptors as well as of the nuclear proteins Ki67 and p53 revealed varying staining patterns in the four different types of endometriosis differentiation and compared to normal endometrium. Purely stromal, mixed, or poorly differentiated lesions, especially, showed additional cytokeratin-positive stromal cells, whereas epithelial cells of endometriosis with mixed or poor differentiation increasingly expressed mesenchymal markers (vimentin, SMA). Hormonal receptor and Ki67 expression in well-differentiated endometriotic lesions mostly reflected that of normal endometrial tissue according to the cyclic phase of the animal, while the expression gradually diminished with decreasing grade of differentiation. However, increased nuclear accumulations of p53 antigen could only be continuously detected in epithelial cells of mixed or poorly differentiated endometriosis. Altogether, these findings support the pathogenetic theory of coelomic metaplasia, since the expression profiles of somatic markers in less differentiated forms closely resembled that of mesothelial cells. Thus, the four different histological types of endometriosis might display subsequent grades of differentiation in the course of time, with poorly differentiated types representing newly formed, immature lesions and well-differentiated types being older, fully differentiated forms, rather than being the outcome of dedifferentiation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Bleyer
- Pathology Unit, German Primate Center, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Atkins HM, Lombardini ED, Caudell DL, Appt SE, Dubois A, Cline JM. Decidualization of Endometriosis in Macaques. Vet Pathol 2016; 53:1252-1258. [PMID: 27281017 DOI: 10.1177/0300985816646433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The decidua is the superficial portion of endometrium that transforms, or decidualizes, under the influence of progesterone to nourish the early embryo during pregnancy. Deciduae outside the uterus are found in nearly 100% of human pregnancies. This condition, known as deciduosis, may mimic malignancy, resulting in additional diagnostic procedures that place the mother, baby, or both at risk. Deciduosis has been described in both Old World and New World nonhuman primates in conjunction with pregnancy and after treatment with exogenous progestins. Here the authors present 6 cases of deciduosis associated with endometriotic lesions in female rhesus and cynomolgus macaques (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis). Full diagnostic necropsies with histologic analyses were performed on all animals. Deciduae were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and by immunohistochemistry for vimentin, CD10, progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, desmin, cytokeratin, kermix P8, chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, and calretinin. The most common clinical signs were abdominal pain (4 of 6) and anorexia (2 of 6). At necropsy, macaque uteri were often enlarged or disfigured (4 of 6) with abundant fibrous adhesions (5 of 6). Affected tissue consisted of epithelial-lined cysts and decidualized stroma with scattered gamma/delta T cells. Decidualized stromal cells were large and polyhedral with abundant cytoplasm and round vesicular nuclei. They stained positive for vimentin, CD10, progesterone, and estrogen. In summary, these cases illustrate deciduosis in 6 nonhuman primates with endometriosis. Understanding decidualization in nonhuman primates will aid in elucidating the pathophysiology of deciduosis during pregnancy or endometriosis and potentially lead to new interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Atkins
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - E D Lombardini
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D L Caudell
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - S E Appt
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - A Dubois
- Department of Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal and Liver Studies, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J M Cline
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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10
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Abstract
The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is one of the most extensively used nonhuman primate models for human diseases. This article presents a literature review focusing on major organ systems and age-associated conditions in humans and primates, combined with information from the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center Electronic Health Record database to highlight and contrast age-associated lesions in geriatric rhesus macaques with younger cohorts. Rhesus macaques are excellent models for age-associated conditions, including diabetes, osteoarthritis, endometriosis, visual accommodation, hypertension, osteoporosis, and amyloidosis. Adenocarcinoma of the large intestine (ileocecocolic junction, cecum, and colon) is the most common spontaneous neoplasm in the rhesus macaque. A combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies is required to truly define mechanisms of maturation, aging, and the pathology of age-associated conditions in macaques and thus humans. The rhesus macaque is and will continue to be an appropriate and valuable model for investigation of the mechanisms and treatment of age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Simmons
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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11
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Zhao M, Tang Q, Wu W, Xia Y, Chen D, Wang X. miR-20a contributes to endometriosis by regulating NTN4 expression. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5793-7. [PMID: 24972566 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affects roughly 5-15 % of women of reproductive age. The pathophysiology of the disease occurrence and progression is unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that have important regulatory function. It has been postulated that abnormal expression of miRNA is associated with ovarian endometriosis. Forty patients with ovarian endometriosis and 20 controls with benign ovarian tumor were included to examine the expression level of miR-20a. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed to detect the expression level of miR-20a. The target genes and pathways involved in aberrantly expressed miR-20a were identified by computational algorithms. Furthermore, selected target genes expression level were analyzed by qPCR. Significantly increased miR-20a expression level was observed in patients with ovarian endometriosis as compared with controls. Further stratified analysis showed that the increased expression level of miR-20a was only associated with advanced endometriosis (stage III-IV), but not mild endometriosis (stage I-II). The cell cycle was identified to be one of the most relevant pathways in the pathogenesis of endometriosis conducted by miR-20a. The expression level of target gene NTN4 (netrin-4) was significantly decreased in patients with ovarian endometriosis. The results of this study suggest that increased expression of miR-20a may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis by suppressing NTN4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
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12
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Beck AP, Erdelyi I, Zeiss CJ. Endometrial decidualization and deciduosis in aged rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Comp Med 2014; 64:148-156. [PMID: 24674591 PMCID: PMC3997294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Superficial decidualization of the endometrial stroma is an essential feature of the implantation stage of pregnancy in rhesus macaques and other primates. Decidualization involves proliferation of the endometrial stromal cells, with differentiation into morphologically distinct decidual cells. Previous reports involving nonpregnant rhesus monkeys have described local- ized and widespread endometrial decidualization in response to administration of progesterone and synthetic progestogens. Ectopic decidua or 'deciduosis' describes the condition in which groups of decidual cells are located outside of the endometrium, most often in the ovaries, uterus and cervix but also in various other organs. In humans, most cases of deciduosis are associated with normal pregnancy, and ectopic decidua can be found in the ovary in nearly all term pregnancies. Here we describe pronounced endometrial decidualization in 2 rhesus macaques. Both macaques had been treated long-term with medroxyprogesterone acetate for presumed endometriosis, which was confirmed in one of the macaques at postmortem examination. In one animal, florid extrauterine and peritoneal serosal decidualization was admixed multifocally with carcinomatosis from a primary colonic adenocarcinoma. Cells constituting endometrial and serosal decidualization reactions were immunopositive for the stromal markers CD10, collagen IV, smooth muscle actin, and vimentin and immunonegative for cytokeratin. In contrast, carcinomatous foci were cytokeratin-positive. To our knowledge, this report describes the first cases of serosal peritoneal decidualization in rhesus macaques. The concurrent presentation of serosal peritoneal decidualization with carcinomatosis is unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Beck
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Ildiko Erdelyi
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Caroline J Zeiss
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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13
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Sasseville VG, Mankowski JL, Baldessari A, Harbison C, Laing S, Kaliyaperumal S, Mätz-Rensing K, Miller AD, Schmidt LD, Kaplan-Kees J, Dick EJ, Reader JR, Liu D, Crawford LK, Lane JH, Corner SM, Pardo ID, Evans MG, Murnane R, Terio KA. Meeting report: Emerging respiratory viral infections and nonhuman primate case reports. Vet Pathol 2013; 50:1145-53. [PMID: 23839235 DOI: 10.1177/0300985813495898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A workshop on Emerging Respiratory Viral Infections and Spontaneous Diseases in nonhuman primates was sponsored by the concurrent Annual Meetings of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, held December 1-5, 2012, in Seattle, Washington. The session had platform presentations from Drs Karen Terio, Thijs Kuiken, Guy Boivin, and Robert Palermo that focused on naturally occurring influenza, human respiratory syncytial virus, and metapneumovirus in wild and zoo-housed great apes; the molecular biology and pathology of these viral respiratory diseases in nonhuman primate (NHP) models; and the therapeutic and vaccine approaches to prevention and control of these emerging respiratory viral infections. These formal presentations were followed by presentations of 14 unique case studies of rare or newly observed spontaneous lesions in NHPs (see online files for access to digital whole-slide images corresponding to each case report at http://scanscope.com/ACVP%20Slide%20Seminars/2012/Primate%20Pathology/view.apml). The session was attended by meeting participants that included students, pathology trainees, and experienced pathologists from academia and industry with an interest in respiratory and spontaneous diseases of NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Sasseville
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 300 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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14
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Jagirdar J, Sirohi D, Dick EJ, Hubbard G. Pleuro-pulmonary endometriosis in baboons (Papio spp.): insights into pathogenesis. J Med Primatol 2012. [PMID: 23198871 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pleuro-pulmonary endometriosis (PPE) is rare. Recently, we identified several cases of abdominal endometriosis in baboons that developed PPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten cases of PPE and four of intra-abdominal endometriosis (three simultaneous) were identified at necropsy in baboons (Papio spp.) found dead due to natural causes. The endometriotic lesions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The stromal (CD10+) and epithelial cells in intra-abdominal cases were estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) negative similar to that seen in humans. In contrast, the PPE cases displayed TTF-1-positive epithelium lining the cystic spaces, while the stroma was ER/PR positive similar to that in abdominal endometriosis. Both lymph nodes and spindle cell rests in lung interstitium contained ER/PR-positive stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS The lung lesions were different from the abdominal lesions in having a TTF-1-positive lining epithelium. The deep pulmonary interstitial and lymph node endometrial stromal rests probably arrive via lymphatic route. The endometrial stroma is the driving force in PPE upon which the lung-specific epithelium condenses and may require a novel approach to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jagirdar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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