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Keulen-de Vos M, Herzog-Evans M, Benbouriche M. Emotional States Related to Sexual Offending Versus Violent Offending Using a Schema Therapy Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:1179-1196. [PMID: 35808835 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221110799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the emotional states preceding and during sexual and violent offenses in a Dutch sample of male forensic inpatients. Moreover, the predictive impact of these emotional states on institutional violence in the first year of mandated care was examined using an incident scheme. Observer-ratings of emotional states by 103 male offenders and 97 sex offenders were examined using Mann-Whitney U tests. Using hierarchical multiple regression analyses, the predictive relationship between crime-related emotional states and incidents was examined. Sexual and violent crimes were equally preceded by painful emotions, primarily feelings of abandonment. During violent crimes, a state of bully and attack was dominant whereas sexual crimes were also characterized by self-aggrandizement and manipulation. These emotional states were not predictive for institutional violence. This study emphasizes the importance of emotional states in offending behavior and usefulness of schema therapy's crime theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Keulen-de Vos
- Forensic Psychiatric Centre de Rooyse Wissel, Venray, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Massil Benbouriche
- University of Lille, France
- National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry Philippe-Pinel, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Chopin J, Beauregard E, DeLisi M. Adverse childhood experience trajectories and individual high risk-behaviors of sexual offenders: A developmental victimology perspective. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 146:106457. [PMID: 37725879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental victimology theory suggests that developmental features of risk and impact stemming from various types of victimization depend on the age of the child or adolescent. OBJECTIVE A next step is studying the developmental victimization trajectories of individuals involved in sexual crimes by focusing on traumatic events occurring during childhood and adolescence respectively. Building on the developmental victimology perspective, the study's specific aims encompass two key objectives: 1) exploring the diverse trajectories of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) within a sample of individuals involved in sexual crimes, and 2) assessing whether these ACEs trajectories influence the emergence of distinct high-risk behaviors. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING 252 individuals convicted of sexual crimes were selected from a federal penitentiary in Quebec, Canada. METHODS Semi-structured interviews with a computerized questionnaire produced data on numerous aspects of the participant's life history, criminal career, and victimization experiences that were analyzed via latent class modeling. RESULTS Four classes (no ACEs trajectory, poly exposure and victimization trajectory, childhood exposure trajectory, and poly victimization trajectory) were identified. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with hypotheses, developmental ACEs trajectories are heterogeneous and associated with the criminal careers, adolescent problematic behaviors, substance use disorders, and violence history among individuals involved in sexual offending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Chopin
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada; School of Criminal Justice, University of Lausanne, Batochime CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Social Work and Criminology, Laval University, 1030, avenue des Sciences-Humaines, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Eric Beauregard
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Matt DeLisi
- Department of Sociology, Iowa State University, 203A East Hall, Ames, IA, United States of America.
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Lau S, Habermeyer E, Hill A, Günther MP, Machetanz LA, Kirchebner J, Huber D. Differentiating Between Sexual Offending and Violent Non-sexual Offending in Men With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Using Machine Learning. SEXUAL ABUSE : A JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2023:10790632231200838. [PMID: 37695940 DOI: 10.1177/10790632231200838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Forensic psychiatric populations commonly contain a subset of persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) who have committed sex offenses. A comprehensive delineation of the features that distinguish persons with SSD who have committed sex offenses from persons with SSD who have committed violent non-sex offenses could be relevant to the development of differentiated risk assessment, risk management and treatment approaches. This analysis included the patient records of 296 men with SSD convicted of at least one sex and/or violent offense who were admitted to the Centre for Inpatient Forensic Therapy at the University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich between 1982 and 2016. Using supervised machine learning, data on 461 variables retrospectively collected from the records were compared with respect to their relative importance in differentiating between men who had committed sex offenses and men who had committed violent non-sex offenses. The final machine learning model was able to differentiate between the two types of offenders with a balanced accuracy of 71.5% (95% CI = [60.7, 82.1]) and an AUC of .80 (95% CI = [.67, .93]). The main distinguishing features included sexual behaviours and interests, psychopathological symptoms and characteristics of the index offense. Results suggest that when assessing and treating persons with SSD who have committed sex offenses, it appears to be relevant to not only address the core symptoms of the disorder, but to also take into account general risk factors for sexual recidivism, such as atypical sexual interests and sexual preoccupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Lau
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elmar Habermeyer
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hill
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz P Günther
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena A Machetanz
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Kirchebner
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Huber
- University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Balcioglu YH, Dogan M, Incı I, Tabo A, Solmaz M. Understanding the dark side of personality in sex offenders considering the level of sexual violence. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2023; 31:254-273. [PMID: 38628251 PMCID: PMC11018081 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2023.2192259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between the actual level of physical violence in sexual offenses and dark triad, empathic and impulsive personality traits of their perpetrators. Sixty-four male perpetrators of sexual offenses without any serious mental illness were included. A 5-point Likert-type coding system based on Violence Profile for Current Offense was applied to assess the severity of physical violence of each sexual offense. Personality traits of dark triad (psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism), trait empathy and impulsiveness were also evaluated. Multivariate analyses indicated that non-stranger victim, secondary psychopathy, narcissism and empathy could significantly predict greater involvement of physical violence in a sexual offense. In addition, empathy was negatively correlated with all dark triad traits. Sexual violence should be conceptualized in the form of a continuum, and, considering such an approach, offenders with high secondary psychopathy and narcissism may show preference for sexual assaults that are more violent in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Hasan Balcioglu
- Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Dogan
- Ministry of Justice, The Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ipek Incı
- Ministry of Justice, The Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Tabo
- Ministry of Justice, The Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Solmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Braga MS, Yano Souza Martins L, Leão FMG, Viana BDM. Older adults sex offender: Five case series in a Brazilian population. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:696-703. [PMID: 36755512 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Sexual assault perpetrated by older adults is still an underreported crime and is not fully understood. To describe a series of cases of sexual assault by Brazilian older adults and discuss the associated factors based on the literature. This is a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of five cases of older adults accused of sexual assault in the Forensic Psychiatry sector of the Medical Legal Institute (Coroner's Office) in the City of Belo Horizonte'. This review focuses on five cases involving male defendants with a mean age of 59.75 years; two with previous psychiatric treatment, and one with a previous criminal record. Their victims were prepubescent children, four of them female. Psychiatric conditions related to forensic diagnosis included dementia, schizophrenia, alcohol-related substance use disorder, paraphilia, and one without a psychiatric diagnosis. The final forensic report on all five cases found that two of the older adults diagnosed with a mental disorder in two were considered to have a mental illness that completely impaired the cognitive and volitional domains; two other adults were diagnosed with mental health disturbance that partially impaired these domains; and the last adult was diagnosed and found without mental health impairment. While the incidence of sexual crimes committed by older adults is low, the absolute number of cases has expected to rise due to population aging. Assessing the factors related to this type of crime is therefore an initial step to understanding and formulating preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Sena Braga
- Forensic Psychiatry, Medical Examiner by Civil Police of Minas Gerais, Legal Medical Institute, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Brazilian Ministry of Justice and Public Security, National Secretariat of Public Security, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bernardo de Mattos Viana
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,INCT-NeuroTecR, Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (CTMM), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Older Adult's Psychiatry and Psychology Extension Program - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Elbert MJ, Drury AJ, DeLisi M. Child pornography possession/receipt offenders: developing a forensic profile. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2021; 29:93-106. [PMID: 35693384 PMCID: PMC9186365 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2021.1904447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Child pornography possession/receipt offenders are a controversial offender group due to mixed and occasionally divergent evidence about their risk profile, offending history and psychopathology. Using a population of male offenders who ever perpetrated a sexual offense from a federal jurisdiction in the central United States, the current study developed an exploratory post hoc empirical profile of these offenders. The profile has some success in the validation component of our study and showed significant associations with self-reported sexual abuse of child victims ages 3-12 years, but non-significant associations to adolescent and adult victims. It significantly linked to the conceptually expected victim group and the significant statistical effect withstood controls for generally robust indicators of antisocial conduct including antisocial personality disorder, arrest onset, total adverse childhood experiences, age and race. We view the findings as exploratory and encourage additional empirical study of this important offender group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Elbert
- United States Probation, Southern District of Iowa, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Alan J. Drury
- United States Probation, Southern District of Iowa, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Matt DeLisi
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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